TW201521916A - Production method and device of metal powder - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a production method and a device of metal powder. The method comprises steps: blowing ferrous metal molten liquid as tiny metal droplets through an atomizing device, and subsequently injecting cooling fluid for the metal droplets through a high pressure cooling mechanism to perform quenching treatment, and rapidly reducing the temperature of metal droplets through the injection of the cooling fluid to solidify the metal droplets as metal powder of steel ball shape. By controlling the cooling fluid property of the high pressure cooling mechanism to change cooling rate, and thereby the surface and core portion strength of the metal powder can be selectively verified.

Description

Method and device for manufacturing metal powder

The invention relates to a method and a device for manufacturing a metal powder, in particular to a method and a device for manufacturing a metal powder. The metal powder can be quenched and hardened according to the use requirement, and the hardness required for the surface of the metal powder and the toughness required for the core are reduced. Knowing the process steps and process costs, simplifying the process and improving production efficiency.

Metal powder is widely used in sandblasting and grinding industries, such as metallurgy, building materials, chemicals and other powder quenching media. The metal powder process of the conventional grinding medium is as shown in Fig. 3, first, the molten metal liquid 91 is blown into the fine metal pellets 9 through the high-pressure jet stream 93 of the atomizing device nozzle 92, and the formed metal pellets 9 are cooled. The device 94 is solidified and then solidified, and then the solidified metal pellets 9 are reheated, quenched, tempered, etc. to obtain the desired strength of the metal pellets 9. Due to the complexity of the process, the cost of working hours and power energy is greatly increased, so the cost is quite large.

In order to reduce the problem of the high cost of the metal abrasive material, the prior art 1 such as the "Abrasive material made of atomized slag, its manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method" patent of the No. I390025 of the present invention provides a metal and a metal Abrasive material has sufficient hardness and roughness compared to grinding, no corrosion of the workpiece, no powder generation and reusable non-metallic abrasiveness The non-metallic abrasive material is mainly derived from waste steel slag and meets the following requirements: (1) sufficient hardness, (2) high roughness of the workpiece after blasting, and (3) no corrosion of the workpiece. Requires sufficient stability, (4) does not produce powder due to fragmentation of abrasive materials during sand blasting, (5) the ability to use multiple times, and (6) can be made of waste materials to minimize environmental hazards and damage Ability to become. Although the prior art 1 is expected to obtain good polishing strength, compared with the non-metallic abrasive material of the prior art 1, the metal abrasive material is difficult to replace due to excellent durability and polishing efficiency, so the manner of improvement It should still be prepared from the preparation of abrasive metal powders.

Another conventional technique 2, such as the "Nanostructured Metal Powder and Its Manufacturing Method" patent of No. 583043 of China, firstly performs a double metal wire arc process to melt the tip of the metal wire. Forming a molten metal and simultaneously dispersing the molten metal into metal droplets by an atomizing device, wherein the arc temperature of the arc process is controlled between the melting point and the boiling point of the metal wire for not vaporizing/evaporating the metal The droplets are then subjected to a quenching process whereby the metal droplets are rapidly cooled by a cold medium. According to the prior art 2, the metal droplets can be solidified into a spherical and dense nanostructured metal powder composed of a plurality of nano-scale (<100 nm) crystal grains. Only the prior art 2 is considered in the field of nanomaterials, and its manufacturing cost is relatively high, which is not a consideration and a burden of general metal abrasive materials.

Another method for improving the metal powder process, such as the prior art 3 is the "metal powder manufacturing device" patent of the Japanese Patent No. 200732065, the prior art 3 includes a supply portion for supplying molten metal and a supply portion a nozzle below the supply portion, the nozzle including a flow path defined by an inner circumferential surface of the nozzle, an orifice opening at a bottom end of the flow path for injecting a fluid into the flow path, and the molten metal is passed through the flow The molten metal of the path is dispersed in contact with the fluid injected from the orifice of the nozzle and becomes a multiple fine droplet, so the multiple fine The droplets are solidified to produce a metal powder, the nozzle comprising a first member having a gradually decreasing inner diameter portion and a second member provided below the first member, the prior art 3 further comprising a cut-off a thermal insulation mechanism for radiant heat emitted by the molten metal passing through the flow path, the thermal insulation mechanism being provided on or in the first member, preferably the thermal insulation mechanism includes a radiant heat for cutting off the emission of molten metal through the flow path a thermal insulation layer formed on the gradually decreasing inner diameter portion of the first member, making it possible to maintain the flow velocity of the fluid injected from the orifice almost constant in a more reliable manner to achieve the desired particle size Fine metal powder. The prior art 3 focuses on obtaining a reliable metal particle size, but for the metal powder processing method after curing, it is still necessary to follow the conventional process as shown in FIG. 3, and the guiding procedure is complicated and the cost is increased.

Obviously, the above conventional techniques cannot solve the problem of metal powder manufacturing of the current grinding medium, so the manufacturing process of the metal abrasive material is complicated, and the problem of high cost cannot be solved, and other improvement methods are needed.

In view of this, the inventor of this case has improved and innovated, and through long-term research and development and implementation, it can successfully develop and manufacture a metal powder manufacturing method and device.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for manufacturing a metal powder, which can effectively grasp the mechanical properties of the metal abrasive material, and atomize the molten metal liquid to perform selective quenching heat treatment, so that the obtained metal powder can be quenched according to the use requirement. Hardening, adjusting the hardness required for the surface of the metal powder and the toughness required for the core.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and a method for manufacturing a metal powder. By means of a simple process, the conventional process steps and process costs are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a method and a device for manufacturing a metal powder, in particular to a method for manufacturing a structure strengthening of an iron-based metal powder, which is applied as an abrasive material or as a surface treatment.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a high speed heat treatment method for an iron-based metal powder in a process. After the iron-based metal melt is blown into fine metal powder pellets by an atomizing device, the continuous or intermittent cooling fluid jet is used to rapidly cool the metal powder by two or more high-pressure nozzles. The surface of the metal powder and the microstructure of the core are adjusted to achieve the effect of powder strengthening.

In the method for producing a metal powder, first, an iron-based metal melt is passed through the atomizing device, and an inert gas is sprayed through the atomizing device to blow the iron-based metal melt into metal droplets, and the cooling is sprayed by the high-pressure nozzle. The fluid rapidly reduces the temperature of the surface of the metal droplets, and the metal droplets are instantaneously cooled and solidified to form the metal powder having high surface strength and high core toughness after curing.

10‧‧‧Metal powder

10a‧‧‧ surface

10b‧‧‧ core

2‧‧‧Supply Department

4‧‧‧Iron-based metal melt

5‧‧‧Atomizing device

51‧‧‧Inert gas

6‧‧‧High-pressure cooling mechanism

6a‧‧‧High pressure nozzle

6b‧‧‧High pressure nozzle

61‧‧‧Cooling fluid

8‧‧‧Receiving Department

9‧‧‧Metal pellets

91‧‧‧ molten metal

92‧‧‧Atomizer nozzle

93‧‧‧High pressure jet

94‧‧‧Cooling device

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method of producing a metal powder according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structure of a spherical metal powder completed by the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a manner of preparing a conventional metal powder.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, a method for producing a metal powder provided by the present invention is mainly a method for producing iron-based metal droplets and a rapid heat treatment method. The apparatus for carrying out the method mainly comprises a supply unit 2, the supply unit 2 is provided with an iron-based metal melt 4, the iron-based metal melt 4 having a carbon content of 0.02% to 0.5%, and a supply unit 2 is connected below The receiving portion 8 is for introducing the iron-based metal melt 4. The outlet end of the iron-based metal melt 4 of the supply portion 2 is provided with an atomizing device 5 having a nozzle to supply an inert gas 51 to blow the iron-based metal melt 4 into a plurality of metal droplets. A high-pressure cooling mechanism 6 is provided in the receiving portion 8, and the high-pressure cooling mechanism 6 includes one or more high-pressure nozzles 6a, 6b which provide a jet of high-pressure cooling fluid 61, and the iron-based metal melt 4 is dispersed. The metal droplets are cooled to cause the metal droplets to instantaneously form a plurality of solidified spherical metal powders 10.

Further, in the method for producing the metal powder, first, the iron-based metal melt 4 is passed through a working area of the atomizing device 5, and the atomizing device 5 supplies an inert gas 51 such as helium or argon to melt the iron-based metal. The liquid 4 is blown into metal droplets, and the cooling fluid 61 is sprayed by the high-pressure nozzles 6a, 6b of the high-pressure cooling mechanism 6 to rapidly reduce the temperature of the surface of the metal droplets, so that the metal droplets are instantaneously cooled and solidified to form a solidification. The metal powder 10 having a high strength on the back surface and a high toughness in the core portion has a diameter of 0.2 mm to 5 mm after the solidification of the metal powder 10. The cooling fluid is water or oil or a mixture of water and oil.

The high-pressure nozzles 6a and 6b have a cooling fluid 61 having a fluid pressure of 250 Bar during operation, and an operating pressure range of 200 Bar to 350 Bar, so that the cooling fluid is sprayed onto the surface of the metal droplet to rapidly lower its temperature, and the temperature drop rate thereof. Instantly reaches 150°C/S, its temperature The falling rate ranges from 50 ° C / S to 200 ° C / S, and the metal droplets instantaneously form the spherical metal powder 10 . As shown in FIG. 2, the surface 10a of the metal powder 10 forms a high-strength Martensite microstructure having a hardness of up to HRC 50 to 55; the core 10b of the metal powder 10 can be controlled according to the high-pressure cooling mechanism 6. The cooling rate of the high pressure nozzles 6a, 6b changes the cooling rate of the core portion 10b of the metal powder 10 by about 40 ° C / S, so that the microstructure of the core portion 10b is a ferrite structure, and the toughness of the metal powder 10 is improved. The service life of the metal powder 10 is increased.

FIG. A is a micro-structural view of the surface 10a of the metal powder 10 after the medium carbon steel body S50C is quenched by the high-pressure cooling mechanism 6, and FIG. B is the metal powder 10 quenched by the high-pressure cooling mechanism 6 using the medium carbon steel body S50C. The microstructure of the rear core 10b can be seen in the actual material structure of the metal powder 10 which is completed by the present invention.

The above description of the method for producing the metal powder of the present invention has the following advantages over the conventional technique:

1. The invention effectively selects the material property of the metal powder, and after the atomization of the molten metal liquid, such as molten steel, is subjected to selective quenching heat treatment, the metal powder can be quenched and hardened according to the use requirement, and the hardness and core of the surface of the metal powder are adjusted. The resilience required.

2. The invention further reduces the conventional process steps and process costs, and simplifies the process to improve production efficiency.

The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is intended to be limited to the scope of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The patent scope of this case.

10‧‧‧Metal powder

2‧‧‧Supply Department

4‧‧‧Iron-based metal melt

5‧‧‧Atomizing device

51‧‧‧Inert gas

6‧‧‧High-pressure cooling mechanism

6a‧‧‧High pressure nozzle

6b‧‧‧High pressure nozzle

61‧‧‧Cooling fluid

8‧‧‧Receiving Department

Claims (10)

A method for producing a metal powder, comprising: blowing an iron-based metal melt into a plurality of metal droplets; and spraying one or more cooling fluids to the metal droplets for instantaneous cooling and solidification to form a plurality of metals powder. The method for producing a metal powder according to claim 1, further comprising: passing the iron-based metal melt through an atomizing device, wherein the atomizing device supplies an inert gas to blow the iron-based metal melt into the Metal droplets; and injecting one or more cooling fluids to the metal droplets by a high pressure cooling mechanism for instantaneous cooling solidification. The method for producing a metal powder according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the iron-based metal melt has a carbon content of 0.02% to 0.5%. The method for producing a metal powder according to claim 2, wherein the high pressure cooling mechanism comprises one or more high pressure nozzles, and the high pressure nozzles spray the cooling fluid at a working pressure ranging from 200 Bar to 350 Bar. The apparatus for manufacturing a metal powder according to claim 4, wherein the surface of the metal powder forms a high-strength Martensite microstructure, and the core microstructure of the metal powder is a ferrite structure. . The apparatus for manufacturing a metal powder according to claim 5, wherein the core of the metal powder controls the cooling rate of the high pressure nozzle according to the high pressure cooling mechanism to change the core cooling rate of the metal powder. The method for producing a metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the cooling fluid is Water or oil or a mixture of water and oil. The method for manufacturing a metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the cooling fluid is sprayed onto the surface of the metal droplet by the high-pressure cooling mechanism to rapidly lower the temperature thereof, and the temperature drop rate is 50 ° C / S ~ 200 ° C / S. The method for producing a metal powder according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the metal powder is cooled and solidified by a metal powder having a diameter of 0.2 mm to 5 mm. A metal powder manufacturing apparatus comprising: a supply portion accommodating an iron-based metal melt; and an atomization device disposed at an outlet end of the iron-based metal melt of the supply portion for using the iron base The metal melt is blown into a plurality of metal droplets; a receiving portion is connected below the supply portion for introducing the iron-based metal melt; and a high-pressure cooling mechanism is disposed in the receiving portion and contains one or one The above high pressure nozzle is configured to spray one or more cooling fluids to the metal droplets for instantaneous cooling solidification to form a plurality of metal powders.