TW201515703A - 含有亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物之無電金屬化用催化劑 - Google Patents
含有亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物之無電金屬化用催化劑 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201515703A TW201515703A TW103124363A TW103124363A TW201515703A TW 201515703 A TW201515703 A TW 201515703A TW 103124363 A TW103124363 A TW 103124363A TW 103124363 A TW103124363 A TW 103124363A TW 201515703 A TW201515703 A TW 201515703A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- group
- substituted
- catalyst
- unsubstituted
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
- B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/28—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/04—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
- B01J31/2243—At least one oxygen and one nitrogen atom present as complexing atoms in an at least bidentate or bridging ligand
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
- B01J31/2252—Sulfonate ligands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1837—Multistep pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1851—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material
- C23C18/1872—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1886—Multistep pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/2006—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
- C23C18/2046—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/2073—Multistep pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/28—Sensitising or activating
- C23C18/30—Activating or accelerating or sensitising with palladium or other noble metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/38—Coating with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
- C23C18/44—Coating with noble metals using reducing agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/10—Complexes comprising metals of Group I (IA or IB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/17—Silver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/10—Complexes comprising metals of Group I (IA or IB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/18—Gold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/824—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/828—Platinum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1653—Two or more layers with at least one layer obtained by electroless plating and one layer obtained by electroplating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係提供一種包含亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物之催化劑,該亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物係作為具有催化活性之金屬離子之配位基。該催化劑可用於將金屬無電鍍覆於被覆及未被覆金屬之基板。
Description
本發明係關於含有亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物之用於無電金屬化之催化劑。更具體地,本發明係關於含有亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物之用於無電金屬化之催化劑,其在儲存及無電金屬化之過程中係呈穩定狀態者。
傳統印刷電路板(printed circuit boards,以下簡稱PCB)包含經層壓之非導電性介電基板,該非導電性介電基板係有賴於經鑽孔及鍍覆之通孔(plated through holes,以下簡稱PTHs),以在電路板之相異側間或該板之內層間形成連結。於表面製備金屬塗覆時,無電鍍覆係習知之過程。介電表面之無電鍍覆須預先有催化劑之沉積(deposition)。於無電鍍覆之前,最常使用於催化或活化經層壓之非導電性介電基板區之方法,係以於酸性氯化物介質中之錫-鈀水性膠體(colloid)處理該基板。該膠體包含由錫(II)離子安定層包圍的金屬鈀芯。[SnCl3]-錯合物的外層
係作為表面安定基團,以避免懸浮液中膠體之凝聚(agglomeration)。
在活化製程中,以鈀為基底之膠體被吸附於絕緣基板(例如環氧化物或聚醯亞胺)上,以活化無電銅之沉積。理論上,於無電金屬沉積時,催化粒子在將還原劑中的電子移轉至該鍍覆浴中的金屬離子之路徑中扮演的角色為載體。雖然無電銅製程的施行係受許多因素影響,例如沉積溶液的組成以及配位基的選擇,此活化步驟係控制無電沉積之速率及機制之主要因素。數十年來,鈀/錫膠體已商用作為無電金屬沉積之活化劑,且其結構已被廣泛地研究。然而,其仍有諸如對空氣敏感及高成本等缺點有待改進。
雖然膠體鈀催化劑已具有諸多優點,其具有之缺點卻隨著製造PCB之品質提高而越來越明顯。近年來,隨著電子裝置尺寸的減小及性能的增加,電子線路的封裝密度已變高且隨後要求其在無電鍍覆後達到無缺陷。由於對可靠度之更大需求,需要開發出替代性的催化劑組成物。另外,膠體鈀催化劑之安定性也是一值得關注的部分。如上所述,該鈀/錫膠體係藉由錫(II)離子層安定化,且其相對離子(counter-ions)可防止鈀之凝集。該錫(II)離子易氧化成錫(IV),因此該膠體無法維持其膠體結構。此氧化反應係經由升溫及攪動而增進。若使錫(II)之濃度降至接近零,則鈀粒子將增大尺寸、凝聚及沉澱。
業經做出可觀之嘗試以尋找新的且較佳的
催化劑。舉例而言,因為鈀之高成本,較多的努力係朝向非鈀或雙金屬替代催化劑之開發。在過去,這些催化劑的問題包含其不具有足夠用於通孔鍍覆的活性或可靠度。此外,此等催化劑通常在靜置時會逐漸失去活性,且該活性的改變使得此等催化劑於商用上不可靠且不實際。因此,鈀/錫之替代催化劑仍有需求。
本發明所提供之一種方法,包括提供一催化劑,該催化劑係包括金屬離子錯合物及一種或多種具有式(I)結構之化合物或其鹽:
其中,R1、R2及R3可係相同或不同,且係氫或具有式(II)結構之部分:
其中,Y係氫、羧基、羥基、(C1-C3)烷氧基、經取代或未經取代的胺基、經取代或未經取代的芳基、經取代或未經取代的脂環、經取代或未經取代的雜脂環、經取代或未經取代的雜芳香環,Z係:
或n係0至15的整數,m係0至5的整數以及r係0至5的整數,其限制條件為在相同情況下R1、R2及R3中至少二者係式(II)結構且Y係羧基,以及R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9及R10可係相同或不同且係氫、羧基、羥基、直鏈或支鏈(C1-C5)烷基、直鏈或支鏈(C1-C5)羥烷基、經取代或未經取代的胺基或磺基;以及施用該催化劑至一基板;施用一還原劑至該催化劑;以及浸潤該基板至一金屬鍍覆浴中以無電鍍覆金屬於該基板上。
本發明另提供一種催化劑,本質上包括金屬離子以及一種或多種具有式(I)結構之化合物或其鹽:
其中,R1、R2及R3可係相同或不同,且係氫或具有式(II)結構之部分:
其中Y係氫、羧基、羥基、(C1-C3)烷氧基、經取代或未經取代的胺基、經取代或未經取代的芳基、經取代或未經取代的脂環、經取代或未經取代的雜脂環、經取代或未經取
代的雜芳香環,Z係或n係0至15的整數,m係0至5的整數以及r係0至5的整數,其限制條件為在相同的情況R1、R2及R3中至少二者係式(II)結構且Y係羧基,以及R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9及R10可係相同或不同且係氫、羧基、羥基、直鏈或支鏈(C1-C5)烷基、直鏈或支鏈(C1-C5)羥烷基、經取代或未經取代的胺基或磺基。
該催化劑可被用於將金屬無電鍍覆於基板,包含介電材料之基板,且係在儲存及無電金屬鍍覆時皆呈穩定狀態之基板(因為相較於傳統的錫/鈀催化劑,其較不容易被氧化)。此等催化劑不需要以強酸來製備或維持其穩定性,從而相較於傳統的催化劑,係較不具腐蝕性。該催化劑之穩定性不需要藉由錫化合物,且可不含鹵素(鹵素可能具有腐蝕性)。該催化劑在印刷電路板製造時的導孔(via)及通孔(through-hole)裝填過程中可賦予良好的金屬覆蓋。
如整個說明書中所使用者,除內文另有指示,下述縮寫應定義如下:g=公克;mg=毫克;mL=毫升;
L=公升;cm=公分;m=公尺;mm=毫米;μm=micron=微米;ppm=百萬分之分數;℃=攝氏溫度;g/L=克/公升;DI=去離子;Pd=鈀;wt%=重量百分比;以及Tg=玻璃轉化溫度。
名詞「印刷電路板(PCB)」及「印刷線路板」於整個說明書中可互換使用。名詞「鍍覆」及「沉積」於整個說明書中可互換使用。名詞「部分」係指分子的一部分、分子片段或分子結構片段。除另有指示,所有量皆係重量百分比(wt%)。所有數值範圍包含上、下限值,且可以任何順序組合使用,惟此等數值範圍顯然受到總和至多100%之限制。
催化劑水溶液包含選自銀、金、鉑、鈀、銅、鈷及鎳之金屬離子之錯合物,以及一種或多種具有式(I)結構之化合物或其鹽:
其中,R1、R2及R3可係相同或不同,且係氫或具有式(II)結構之部分:
其中,Y係氫、羧基、羥基、(C1-C3)烷氧基、經取代或未經取代的胺基、經取代或未經取代的芳基、經取代或未經取代的脂環、經取代或未經取代的雜脂環、經取代或未經
取代的雜芳香環,Z係或n係0至15的整數,較佳係0至5之整數,更佳係0至2之整數;m係0至5的整數,較佳係0至3之整數,更佳係0至1之整數;以及r係0至5的整數,較佳係0至3之整數,更佳係0至1之整數;其限制條件係在相同的情況R1、R2及R3中至少二者係式(II)結構且Y係羧基,當變量n、m或r係0時,相鄰的部分係經由共價鍵而連接在一起;以及R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9及R10可係相同或不同,且係氫、羧基、羥基、直鏈或支鏈(C1-C5)烷基、直鏈或支鏈(C1-C5)羥烷基、經取代或未經取代的胺基或磺基;較佳地,R1、R2及R3可係相同或不同且係氫或式(II)結構,而n、m及r係0至5的整數,Y係氫、羧基、羥基、(C1-C3)烷氧基、經取代或未經取代的(C3-C6)脂環、經取代或未經取代的(C5-C6)雜脂環、經取代及未經取代的(C5-C6)芳基、經取代或未經取代的(C5-C6)雜芳香環或磺基,其限制條件為R1、R2及R3中至少二者係式(II)結構且Y較佳係羧基;以及R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9及R10可係相同或不同且係氫、羧基、羥基或磺基。更佳地,R1、R2及R3可係相同或不同且係氫或式(II)結構,而n係0至2的整數、m係0至3的整數以及r係0至1的整數,Y係氫、羧基、羥基、甲氧基或磺基,其限制條件為R1、R2及R3中至少
二者係式(II)結構且Y更佳係羧基;以及R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9及R10可係相同或不同且更佳係氫、羧基或羥基。最佳地,R1、R2及R3係相同或不同且係氫或式(II)結構,而n係0至2的整數、m及r係0,Y係氫、羧基或羥基,其限制條件為R1、R2及R3中至少二者係式(II)之結構且Y最佳係羧基;以及R4及R5可係相同或不同且最佳係氫、羧基或羥基。
該雜脂環及雜芳香環基中之雜原子包含但不限於:氮及氧。雜脂環基及雜芳香環基之實例係呋喃、吡啶、嘧啶以及巴比妥酸。
取代基基團包含但不限於:羥基、羧基、經取代或未經取代的胺、醯胺、亞胺基二乙酸、(C1-C3)烷氧基以及(C1-C5)羥烷基。
前述化合物之鹽通常係鹼金屬鹽。較佳地,該鹽係前述化合物的鈉鹽或鉀鹽。
此等化合物之實例係亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、甲基亞胺基二乙酸、氮基三乙酸、N-(2-甲氧基乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥基-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧基-丙磺醯基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(3-甲氧基丙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥-丙磺醯基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥丙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-胺基乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(1-羧環戊基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(二甲基羧甲基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(3-二甲基胺基丙)亞胺基二乙酸、o-吡啶甲基
亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-甲基呋喃)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(o-羥苯甲基)亞胺基二乙酸、2,6-[雙(羧甲基)胺基甲基]-4-乙醯基胺基酚、5-(N,N-雙(羧甲基)胺基)-巴比妥酸、N-(羧甲基)-N-(2-羥-3-磺酸基丙)-丙胺酸、羥乙基乙二胺三乙酸、乙二胺-N,N’-二乙酸、三乙四胺-N,N,N’,N”,N''',N''''-六乙酸、1,3-二胺基-2-羥丙烷-N,N,N’,N”-四乙酸以及二乙三胺五乙酸及其鹽。通常該鹽係鹼金屬鹽。較佳地,該鹽係鈉鹽或鉀鹽。
金屬離子之來源,包含任何所屬技術領域中習知的可提供具有催化活性的金屬之傳統水溶性金屬鹽。可使用其中一類具有催化活性的金屬離子,或混合使用二種或多種具有催化活性的金屬離子。此等鹽係被包含以提供含量20ppm至350ppm之金屬離子,較佳係25ppm至250ppm。銀鹽包含但不限於:硝酸銀、乙酸銀、三氟乙酸銀、甲苯磺酸銀、三氟甲磺酸銀、氟化銀、氧化銀、硫代硫酸鈉銀以及氰化鉀銀。鈀鹽包含但不限於:氯化鈀、乙酸鈀、氯化鉀鈀、四氯鈀酸鈉以及硝酸鈀。金鹽包含但不限於:氰化金、三氯化金、三溴化金、氯化鉀金、氰化鉀金、氯化鈉金以及氰化鈉金。鉑鹽包含但不限於:氯化鉑以及硫酸鉑。銅鹽包含但不限於:硫酸銅以及氯化銅。鎳鹽包含但不限於:氯化鎳以及硫酸鎳。鈷鹽包含但不限於:乙酸鈷、氯化鈷、溴化鈷以及硫酸鈷銨。較佳地,該金屬離子係銀、鈀以及金離子。更佳地,該金屬離子係銀以及鈀。最佳地,該離子係鈀。
組成該水溶性催化劑之成分可以任何順序組合。任何所屬技術領域中習知的適當方法可被用於製備該水溶性催化劑。亞胺基二乙酸或其衍生物之錯合化合物,以及該催化劑水溶液所包含之一種或多種金屬離子的量,係錯合化合物對金屬離子之莫耳比率為1:1至4:1,較佳係1:1至2:1。一般來說,一種或多種該錯合化合物係先溶解於足量的水中。一種或多種來源之金屬離子係以最少量的水溶解,接著與該錯合水溶液於攪拌下合併,以形成一均勻水溶液。通常該催化劑水溶液係在室溫下製備,但為促進該成分之溶解可視需要些微加熱。初合成的(as-synthesized)催化劑之pH值範圍可自酸性至鹼性。通常該pH值範圍係2至11。通常該酸性範圍係2至6,以及該鹼性範圍係8至11。可使用足夠量之無機或有機酸或該等之鹽以維持該pH值於所需的範圍。亦可使用無機及有機酸及該等之鹽之混合物。無機酸包含但不限於:鹽酸、硫酸、硼酸、磷酸以及硝酸。有機酸包含但不限於:單羧酸及多羧酸,例如二羧酸。有機酸之實例係苯甲酸、抗壞血酸、異抗壞血酸、羥基丁二酸、順丁烯二酸、乙二酸、乙酸、檸檬酸及酒石酸。
在施用該催化劑於基板之後及金屬化之前,施用一種或多種還原劑於該經催化的基板以還原金屬離子至其金屬狀態。可使用傳統已知被用於還原金屬離子至金屬之還原劑。此等還原劑包含但不限於:二甲胺硼烷、硼氫化鈉、抗壞血酸、異抗壞血酸、次磷酸鈉、水合肼、
甲酸以及甲醛。較佳地,該還原劑係選自次磷酸鈉。還原劑之含量係用以將所有的金屬離子實質上還原成金屬。此含量係一般傳統的含量,且係所屬技術領域具有通常知識者所習知者。可使用過量的還原劑以確保該金屬離子全部被還原。
該催化劑可用於各種基板之無電金屬鍍覆。此等基板包含但不限於:包括無機及有機物質的材料,例如玻璃、陶瓷、半導體、瓷(porcelain)、樹脂、紙、布及其等之組合。被覆及未被覆金屬之材料亦係可使用該催化劑進行金屬鍍覆之基板。
基板亦包含PCB。此等PCB包含以熱固性樹脂、熱塑性樹脂及其組合之被覆及未被覆金屬之材料,包含纖維(例如玻璃纖維)以及前述的浸染物(impregnated embodiment)。
熱塑性樹脂包含但不限於:縮醛樹脂、壓克力(例如甲基丙烯酸酯)、纖維素樹脂(例如乙酸乙酯、丙酸纖維素、乙酸丁酸纖維素以及硝酸纖維素)、聚醚、耐綸、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯摻合物(例如丙烯腈-苯乙烯及共聚物、以及丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物)、聚碳酸酯、聚氯三氟乙烯、以及乙烯基聚合物及共聚物(例如乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯醇、乙烯縮丁醛(vinyl butyral)、氯乙烯、氯乙烯-乙酸酯共聚物、偏氯乙烯以及乙烯縮甲醛(vinyl formal))。
熱固性樹脂包含但不限於:鄰苯二甲酸烯丙酯、呋喃、三聚氰胺-甲醛、酚-甲醛以及酚-糠醛共聚物,
其係單獨存在或與下列各者化合:丁二烯丙烯腈共聚物或丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚丙烯酸系酯、矽酮(silicone)、尿素甲醛、環氧樹脂、烯丙基樹脂、鄰苯二甲酸甘油酯以及聚酯。
多孔性材料包含但不限於:紙、木頭、玻璃纖維、布料及纖維,例如天然及合成纖維,例如棉質纖維或聚酯纖維。
上述催化劑可用於鍍覆低Tg及高Tg樹脂二者。低Tg樹脂具有低於160℃之Tg,而高Tg樹脂具有160℃及高於160℃之Tg。通常高Tg樹脂具有160℃至280℃之Tg,或例如170℃至240℃之Tg。高Tg聚合物樹脂包含但不限於:聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)及聚四氟乙烯摻合物。此等摻合物包含,舉例而言,PTFE與聚伸苯醚(polypheneylene oxide)及氰酸酯摻合。包含高Tg樹脂之其他種類的聚合物樹脂包含但不限於:環氧樹脂,例如雙官能及多官能環氧樹脂、雙馬來醯亞胺/三以及環氧樹脂(BT樹脂)、環氧樹脂/聚伸苯醚樹脂、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚伸苯醚(PPO)、聚苯醚(PPE)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚碸(PS)、聚醯胺、聚酯(例如:聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)以及聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT))、聚醚酮(PEEK)、液晶聚合物、聚胺甲酸酯、聚醚醯亞胺、環氧化物及其等之複合材料。
該催化劑可用於將金屬沉積於PCB的通孔壁或導孔壁。該催化劑可用於製造PCB的水平及垂直製程兩者。
該水溶性催化劑可與傳統的無電金屬鍍覆浴一起使用。雖預期該催化劑應可用於無電沉積任何可被無電鍍覆之金屬,但通常該金屬係選自銅、銅合金、鎳或鎳合金。更通常地,該金屬係選自銅及銅合金。最通常地,係使用銅。商業上可購得之無電銅鍍覆浴的實例係CIRCUPOSITTM 880 Electroless Copper bath(得自Dow Advanced Materials,Marlborough,MA)。
通常銅離子之來源包含但不限於:水溶性鹵化物、硝酸鹽、乙酸鹽、硫酸鹽以及其他有機及無機的銅鹽。一種或多種此等銅鹽之混合物可用於提供銅離子。實例包含硫酸銅,例如五水合硫酸銅、氯化銅、硝酸銅、氫氧化銅以及氨基磺酸銅。傳統的銅鹽含量可使用於該組成物中。一般而言,該組成物中之銅離子濃度之範圍可係0.5g/L至30g/L。
該無電組成物亦可包含一種或多種合金化金屬(alloying metal)。此等合金化金屬包含但不限於:鎳以及錫。銅合金之實例包含:銅/鎳以及銅/錫。通常該銅合金係銅/鎳。
鎳及鎳合金無電鍍浴之鎳離子來源,可包含一種或多種傳統的鎳之水溶性鎳鹽。鎳離子來源包含但不限於:硫酸鎳以及鹵化鎳。鎳離子來源可以傳統的含量被包含於該無電合金化組成物中。通常鎳離子來源之含量係0.5g/L至10g/L。
用於金屬化一基板之方法步驟可依該待鍍
覆之表面係金屬或介電而不同。特定的步驟及其順序亦可因方法之不同而不同。傳統用於無電金屬鍍覆一基板之步驟,可與該催化劑一起使用;然而,該水溶性催化劑不需要加速步驟,亦即許多傳統無電鍍覆製程中將錫剝除(strip)以曝露該鈀金屬之步驟。因此,當使用該催化劑時不會進行加速步驟。較佳地,該催化劑係施用至待無電金屬鍍覆基板之表面,接著施用一還原劑至該經催化之基板,再施用金屬鍍覆浴。無電金屬鍍覆之參數,例如溫度以及時間,可比照傳統。可使用傳統的基板製備方法,例如該基板表面之清潔或除脂、該表面之粗化或微粗化、該表面之蝕刻或微蝕刻、溶劑溶脹劑(solvent swell)之施用、通孔之去污及不同的潤洗、以及抗鏽蝕處理。此等方法及處置係所屬技術領域中已習知且已揭露於文獻。
通常,當待金屬鍍覆之基板係,例如位於PCB或通孔壁表面之介電材料時,該PCB係以水潤洗,並在將該通孔壁去污後進行清潔以及除脂。通常該介電表面之預備(prepping)或軟化或該通孔之去污,係以施用溶劑溶脹劑開始。
可使用任何傳統的溶劑溶脹劑。其特定類型可因應該介電材料之類型而不同。介電質之實例已揭示如上。可利用較小的實驗決定何種溶劑溶脹劑係適用於某一特定介電材料。該介電質之Tg通常決定應使用之溶劑溶脹劑類型。溶劑溶脹劑包含但不限於:二醇醚及其相關的醚乙酸酯。可使用傳統的二醇醚及其相關醚乙酸酯的含
量。商業上可購得之溶劑溶脹劑之實例係CIRCUPOSITTM Conditioner 3302、CIRCUPOSITTM Hole Prep 3303以及CIRCUPOSITTM Hole Prep 4120(得自Dow Advanced Materials)。
在該溶劑溶脹劑之後,可施用一促進劑。可使用傳統的促進劑。此等促進劑包含:硫酸、鉻酸、鹼性過錳酸鹽或電漿蝕刻。通常係使用鹼性過錳酸鹽作為該促進劑。商業上可購得之促進劑之實例係CIRCUPOSITTM Promoter 4130以及CIRCUPOSITTM MLB Promoter 3308(得自Dow Advanced Materials)。視需要地,該基板以及通孔係以水潤洗。
接著施用一中和劑以中和該促進劑所留下之任何殘留物。可使用傳統的中和劑。通常該中和劑係含有一種或多種胺之酸性水溶液,或是含3wt%過氧化氫及3wt%硫酸的溶液。商業上可購得之一中和劑之實例係CIRCUPOSITTM MLB Neutralizer 216-5。視需要地,基板以及通孔係以水潤洗後進行乾燥。
中和後,可施用一酸性或鹼性調整劑(conditioner)。可使用傳統的調整劑。此等調整劑可包含一種或多種陽離子型界面活性劑、非離子型界面活性劑、錯合劑以及pH調節劑或緩衝劑。商業上可購得之酸性調整劑之實例係CIRCUPOSITTM Conditioners 3320 and 3327(得自Dow Advanced Materials)。適當的鹼性調整劑包含但不限於:包括一種或多種四級胺及多胺之鹼性界面活性劑水
溶液。商業上可購得之鹼性界面活性劑之實例係CIRCUPOSITTM Conditioner 231,3325,813及860。視需要地,該基板以及通孔係以水潤洗。
調整後可接著進行微蝕刻。可使用傳統的微蝕刻組成物。微蝕刻係設計成對經曝光之金屬(例如內層及表面蝕刻)提供微粗糙化的表面,以增強隨後之無電鍍覆金屬及後續電鍍物之附著。微蝕刻劑包含但不限於:60g/L至120g/L過硫酸鈉或過氧單硫酸鈉或鉀及硫酸(2%)混合物,或通用的硫酸/過氧化氫。商業上可購得之微蝕刻組成物之實例係CIRCUPOSITTM Microetch 3330 Etch solution以及PREPOSITTM 748 Etch solution(均得自Dow Advanced Materials)。視需要地,該基板係以水潤洗。
視需要地,可將一預浸劑(pre-dip)施用於上述經微蝕刻之基板以及通孔。預浸劑之實例包含有機鹽,例如酒石酸鉀鈉或檸檬酸三鈉、0.5%至3%硫酸或含25g/L至75g/L氯化鈉之酸性溶液。
接著將該水溶性催化劑施用至該基板。該施用可係任何習知的傳統方法,例如將該基板浸潤於該催化劑溶液中,或以傳統的設備進行噴灑或霧化。催化劑暫流時間(dwell time)之範圍可係1分鐘至10分鐘,通常使用垂直設備時係2分鐘至8分鐘,使用水平設備時係25秒至120秒。該催化劑施用時之溫度可係室溫至80℃,通常係30℃至60℃。視需要地,該基板以及通孔在施用該催化劑後可以水潤洗。
接著將該還原溶液施加至該基板,以還原該催化劑之金屬離子至其金屬狀態。該還原溶液之施用方式可係:浸潤該基板至該還原溶液中、噴灑該還原溶液至該基板、或以霧化方式施用該溶液。該溶液之溫度範圍可係室溫至65℃,通常係自30℃至55℃。在施用至該無電金屬鍍覆浴前,該還原溶液與該經催化之基板的接觸時間,可係30秒至5分鐘。該基板以及通孔在施用該還原劑後可視需要以水潤洗。
接著使用無電鍍浴,將金屬例如銅、銅合金、鎳或鎳合金無電鍍覆至該基板以及通孔壁。通常銅係鍍覆於該通孔壁上。鍍覆時間以及溫度可係依照傳統。通常金屬沉積係在20℃至80℃完成,更通常係30℃至60℃。該基板可浸潤於該無電鍍覆浴,或將該無電鍍浴噴灑至該基板。通常,無電鍍覆需耗時5秒至30分鐘;然而,鍍覆時間可依所欲的金屬厚度而不同。
抗鏽蝕劑可視需要地施用於金屬。可使用傳統的抗鏽蝕劑組成物。抗鏽蝕劑之一實例係ANTI TARNISHTM 7130(得自Dow Advanced Materials)。該基板可視需要地以水潤洗,再乾燥該基板。
進一步的處理可包含傳統的光成像處理,以及進一步將金屬沉積在該基板上,例如銅、銅合金、錫及錫合金之電解金屬沉積。
該催化劑可用於將金屬無電鍍覆於基板,包含介電材料之基板且係在無電金屬鍍覆以及儲存時均穩
定者,蓋其等相較於傳統的錫/鈀催化劑不易氧化。其等不需要以強酸製備或維持其穩定性,因而其等相較於傳統的催化劑不具腐蝕性。其等之穩定性不須要藉由錫化合物,且可不含鹵素。該離子催化劑可在PCB製造過程之導孔及通孔裝填時賦予良好的金屬覆蓋。
下列實施例並非意圖用於限制本發明之範疇,而是意欲進一步說明本發明
於1L水中含有75ppm鈀離子及93ppm亞胺基二乙酸之催化劑之製備,係以900mL之去離子水稀釋6.2mL之15g/L亞胺基二乙酸之儲備溶液而得。將208mg之四氯鈀酸鈉以最少量的去離子水溶解,並加至該亞胺基二乙酸溶液中。接著將該混和溶液稀釋至1L並於室溫下攪拌30分鐘。亞胺基二乙酸與鈀離子之莫耳比率係2:1。該溶液之pH值係3.4。
製備1L水中含有75ppm鈀離子及135ppm氮基三乙酸之第二催化劑。將9mL之15g/L氮基三乙酸儲備溶液以900mL去離子水稀釋。將188mg的硝酸鈀二水合物以最少量的去離子水溶解,並加至該氮基三乙酸溶液中。接著將該混合溶液稀釋至1L並在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。氮基三乙酸與鈀離子之莫耳比率係2:1。該溶液之pH值係以1M氫氧化鈉調整至8.5。
接著各催化劑係依照下列方法使用於無電鍍覆NY-1140未經被覆之層壓板(得自NanYa):
1.各未經被覆之層壓板係以CIRCUPOSITTM Conditioner 3325溶液在50℃下浸潤5分鐘,接著以流動的自來水潤洗4分鐘;2.接著將該層壓板於PREPOSITTM 748 Etch溶液中在室溫下浸潤1分鐘,再以流動的去離子水潤洗4分鐘;3.將各層壓板在40℃下浸潤於該鈀離子及亞胺基二乙酸催化劑或該鈀離子及氮基三乙酸催化劑之溶液中5分鐘,再以流動的去離子水潤洗1分鐘;4.接著將該層壓板在50℃下浸潤於0.25M次磷酸鈉溶液1分鐘,以還原該鈀離子至鈀金屬,再以去離子水潤洗1分鐘;5.該活化之層壓板係在40℃下浸潤於CIRCUPOSITTM 880之無電銅鍍浴,並在pH值為13下將銅鍍覆於該層壓板15分鐘;6.在銅鍍覆該層壓板後,以流動的自來水潤洗4分鐘。
各層壓板係被檢測其銅鍍覆情況。二層壓板均顯現光亮及均勻之銅沉積。
重複實施例1之方法,但將催化劑製備成含有來自硝酸銀的70ppm銀離子及86ppm亞胺基二乙酸,以及來自硝酸銀之70ppm銀離子及124ppm氮基三乙酸者。該催化劑係以實質上與實施例1所述之製程相同的方法製備。該錯合劑與該銀離子之莫耳比率係1:1。各催化劑溶液之pH值係3。製備NY-1140未經被覆之層壓板用於如實施例1
所述之無電銅鍍覆。在鍍覆該層壓板後,檢測該銅沉積之品質。二層壓板均預期具有光滑及光亮之銅沉積。
重複實施例1之方法,並使用相同種類之層壓板,惟該催化劑溶液係含有75ppm鈀離子及250ppm N-(2-羥乙基)亞胺基二乙酸者。將500mg N-(2-羥乙基)亞胺基二乙酸溶解於1900mL去離子水,且將該溶液以1M氫氧化鈉調整pH值至10.2。將375mg硝酸鈀水合物以最少量之去離子水溶解,並加至該含有錯合劑之溶液中。接著將該溶液稀釋至2L,同時在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。該最終溶液之pH值係8.5。該錯合劑與該鈀離子之莫耳比率係2:1。在鍍覆該層壓板後,檢測銅沉積之品質。該層壓板預期具有光滑及光亮之銅沉積。
重複實施例1之方法,惟該催化劑溶液係包括75ppm鈀離子及140ppm N-(2-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸。將0.24g N-(2-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸以400mL去離子水溶解。該溶液以1M氫氧化鈉調整pH值至10.5。將375mg硝酸鈀水合物以最少量的去離子水溶解,並加至該N-(2-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸溶液中。接著,將該鈀離子及N-(2-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸的溶液加至含有1g酒石酸鉀鈉及3.8g十水合四硼酸鈉的1L溶液中。此溶液係在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。該錯合劑與該鈀離子之莫耳比率係2:1,且該溶液之pH值係9。在鍍覆該層壓板後,檢測該銅沉積之品質。該層
壓板係預期具有光滑及光亮之銅沉積。
重複實施例1之方法,惟銀離子及N-(2-羥-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸催化劑係用來活化層壓板。該催化劑中含有150ppm來自乙酸銀的銀離子及460ppm N-(2-羥-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸。該催化劑係以實質上相同於實施例1所述製程的方法製備。該錯合劑與該銀離子之莫耳比率係1.5:1。該程序及參數係實質上與實施例1所述者相同。該層壓板係預期具有光滑及光亮之銅沉積。
重複實施例1之方法,惟係使用金離子及o-吡啶甲基亞胺基二乙酸及鉑及o-吡啶甲基亞胺基二乙酸製備該催化劑。該金離子係由氯化金鉀提供,以及該鉑離子係由四氯鉑酸鉀提供。該催化劑係以實質上相同於實施例1之方法製備。該金及錯合催化劑含有160ppm金離子及182ppm錯合劑。該鉑及錯合劑催化劑含有80ppm鉑離子及92ppm錯合物。該o-吡啶甲基亞胺基二乙酸與金屬離子之莫耳比率係1:1。該程序及參數係實質上與上述實施例1所述者相同。該層壓板係預期具有光滑及光亮之銅沉積。
重複實施例1之方法,惟該催化劑溶液係包括75ppm鈀離子及366ppm5-(N,N-雙(羧甲基)胺基)-巴比妥酸。將0.24g 5-(N,N-雙(羧甲基)胺基)-巴比妥酸以400mL去離子水溶解。該溶液係以1M氫氧化鈉調整pH值為10.5。將
375mg硝酸鈀水合物以最少量的去離子水溶解,並加至該5-(N,N-雙(羧甲基)胺基)-巴比妥酸溶液中。接著,將該鈀離子及錯合劑之溶液加入至包括1g檸檬酸三鈉及3.8g十水合四硼酸鈉的1L溶液中。將該溶液於室溫下攪拌30分鐘。該錯合劑與該鈀離子之莫耳比率係2:1,且該溶液之pH值係9。在鍍覆該層壓板後檢測該銅沉積之品質。該層壓板係預期具有光滑及光亮之銅沉積。
Claims (10)
- 一種方法,包括:a)提供一催化劑,該催化劑係包括金屬離子錯合物及一種或多種具有式(I)結構之化合物或其等之鹽:
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該一種或多種化合物係選自亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、甲基亞胺基二乙酸、氮基三乙酸、N-(2-甲氧基乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧-丙磺醯基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(3-甲氧基丙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥-丙磺醯基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥丙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-胺基乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(1-羧環戊基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(二甲基羧甲基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(3-二甲基胺基丙基)亞胺基二乙酸、o-吡啶甲基亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-甲基呋喃)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(o-羥苯基)亞胺基二乙酸、2,6-[雙(羧甲基)胺基甲基]-4-乙醯基胺基酚、5-(N,N-雙(羧甲基)胺基)-巴比妥酸、N-(羧甲基)-N-(2-羥-3-磺酸基丙基)-丙胺酸、羥乙基乙二胺三乙酸、乙二胺-N,N’-二乙酸、三乙四胺-N,N,N’,N”,N''',N''''-六乙酸、1,3-二胺基-2-羥丙烷-N,N,N’,N”-四乙酸以及二乙三胺五乙酸及其等之鹽。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該一種或多種化合物或其等之鹽與該金屬離子之莫耳比率係1:1至4:1。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該金屬離子係選自鈀、銀、金、鉑、銅、鎳以及鈷。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該金屬鍍覆浴中之金屬係選自銅、銅合金、鎳以及鎳合金。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該一種或多種化合物之含量係為25ppm至1000ppm。
- 一種催化劑,本質上包括金屬離子以及一種或多種具有式(I)結構之化合物或其等之鹽:
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之催化劑,其中該一種或多種化合物係選自亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、甲基亞胺基二乙酸、氮基三乙酸、N-(2-甲氧基乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧-丙磺醯基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(3-甲氧基丙)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥-丙磺醯基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羥丙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-胺基乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-羧-羧乙基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(1-羧環戊基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(二甲基羧甲基)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(3-二甲基胺基丙基)亞胺基二乙酸、o-吡啶甲基亞胺基二乙酸、N-(2-甲基呋喃)亞胺基二乙酸、N-(o-羥苯甲基)亞胺基二乙酸、2,6-[雙(羧甲基)胺基甲基]-4-乙醯基胺基酚、5-(N,N-雙(羧甲基)胺基)-巴比妥酸、N-(羧甲基)-N-(2-羥-3-磺酸基丙基)-丙胺酸、羥乙基乙二胺三乙酸、乙二胺-N,N’-二乙酸、三乙 四胺-N,N,N’,N”,N''',N''''-六乙酸、1,3-二胺基-2-羥丙烷-N,N,N’,N”-四乙酸以及二乙三胺五乙酸及其等之鹽。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之催化劑,其中該一種或多種化合物或其等之鹽與該金屬離子之莫耳比率係1:1至4:1。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之催化劑,其中該一種或多種化合物之含量係為25ppm至1000ppm。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/943,771 US20150024123A1 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Catalysts for electroless metallization containing iminodiacetic acid and derivatives |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201515703A true TW201515703A (zh) | 2015-05-01 |
TWI549752B TWI549752B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
Family
ID=51176264
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW103124363A TWI549752B (zh) | 2013-07-16 | 2014-07-16 | 含有亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物之無電金屬化用催化劑 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150024123A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2826562A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6562597B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20150009483A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN104294240A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI549752B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20210140052A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-13 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc | Electroless copper plating and counteracting passivation |
CN115584527A (zh) * | 2022-10-15 | 2023-01-10 | 四川大学 | 一种用于硝酸盐还原产氨的介孔钯-铜纳米催化剂的制备方法及其应用 |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2116389C3 (de) * | 1971-03-30 | 1980-04-03 | Schering Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 4619 Bergkamen | Lösung zur Aktivierung von Oberflächen für die Metallisierung |
US3962494A (en) * | 1971-07-29 | 1976-06-08 | Photocircuits Division Of Kollmorgan Corporation | Sensitized substrates for chemical metallization |
JPS6026671A (ja) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-02-09 | Hitachi Ltd | 化学銅めっき液 |
EP0132594B1 (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1988-09-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electroless copper plating solution |
JPS62124280A (ja) * | 1985-08-21 | 1987-06-05 | Ishihara Yakuhin Kk | 無電解パラジウムメツキ液 |
WO1987005338A1 (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1987-09-11 | Ishihara Chemical Co., Ltd. | Palladium-base electroless plating solution |
US5318803A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1994-06-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Conditioning of a substrate for electroless plating thereon |
TW280837B (zh) * | 1992-06-29 | 1996-07-11 | Philips Electronics Nv | |
US5916840A (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1999-06-29 | Monsanto Company | Process for preparing carboxylic acid salts and catalysts useful in such process |
US20050199587A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-15 | Jon Bengston | Non-chrome plating on plastic |
US7704307B2 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2010-04-27 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | Electroless palladium plating liquid |
EP2080822B1 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2017-03-29 | C. Uyemura & Co., Ltd. | Direct plating method and solution for palladium conductor layer formation |
WO2010004856A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-14 | 日本高純度化学株式会社 | パラジウムめっき用触媒付与液 |
CN102965646B (zh) * | 2011-08-17 | 2015-05-13 | 罗门哈斯电子材料有限公司 | 化学镀的稳定催化剂 |
KR101904093B1 (ko) * | 2011-08-17 | 2018-10-04 | 롬 앤드 하스 일렉트로닉 머트어리얼즈 엘엘씨 | 무전해 금속화를 위한 안정한 촉매 |
JP6066398B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-17 | 2017-01-25 | ローム アンド ハース エレクトロニック マテリアルズ エルエルシーRohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLC | 無電解金属化のための安定なスズを含まない触媒 |
-
2013
- 2013-07-16 US US13/943,771 patent/US20150024123A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2014
- 2014-07-15 JP JP2014145064A patent/JP6562597B2/ja active Active
- 2014-07-15 EP EP14177030.5A patent/EP2826562A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-07-16 TW TW103124363A patent/TWI549752B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-07-16 KR KR1020140090051A patent/KR20150009483A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-07-16 CN CN201410427489.0A patent/CN104294240A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150024123A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
KR20150009483A (ko) | 2015-01-26 |
EP2826562A2 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
TWI549752B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
CN104294240A (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
JP2015020167A (ja) | 2015-02-02 |
EP2826562A3 (en) | 2015-02-11 |
JP6562597B2 (ja) | 2019-08-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6066396B2 (ja) | 無電解金属化のための安定な触媒 | |
JP6066397B2 (ja) | 無電解金属化のための安定な触媒 | |
KR101410676B1 (ko) | 무전해 구리 및 레독스 커플 | |
TWI629374B (zh) | 無電極電鍍的方法 | |
JP5937343B2 (ja) | めっき触媒及び方法 | |
KR20120066607A (ko) | 도금 촉매 및 방법 | |
TWI567233B (zh) | 以含有嘧啶衍生物之鹼性安定性催化劑無電金屬化介電質 | |
JP6444664B2 (ja) | アルカリに安定なピラジン誘導体含有触媒による誘電体の無電解メタライゼーション | |
JP6066398B2 (ja) | 無電解金属化のための安定なスズを含まない触媒 | |
US9914115B2 (en) | Catalysts for electroless metallization containing five-membered heterocyclic nitrogen compounds | |
TWI614372B (zh) | 無電極電鍍的方法 | |
US9918389B2 (en) | Electroless metallization of dielectrics with alkaline stable pyrazine derivative containing catalysts | |
TWI617700B (zh) | 無電極電鍍的方法 | |
TWI549752B (zh) | 含有亞胺基二乙酸及其衍生物之無電金屬化用催化劑 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |