TW201504198A - Manufacturing method of a granular microbial fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a manufacturing method of a granular microbial fertilizer comprising steps as follows, sporulation via liquid-state fermentation, harvesting spores, utilizing freeze drying and pulverization or spray drying to form a semi-finished product. The semi-finished product is further added and mixed with an excipient and an extender, afterward; use a granulator to make the semi-finished product a granular microbial fertilizer.

Description

Method for producing biological fertilizer granules

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a biological fertilizer granule agent, in particular to a method for manufacturing a biological fertilizer granule granule which can protect an ecological environment, has high stability, is resistant to storage and is convenient for transportation.

Chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides are mostly applied to the cultivation of crops. Long-term application of chemical fertilizers or chemical pesticides can easily cause soil acidification, solidification, or the number of beneficial microorganisms and earthworms in the soil to be drastically reduced, resulting in damage to soil texture, water storage and conservation. The fertilizer capacity is reduced, which affects the growth of crops. The ability to absorb excessive chemical fertilizers will also reduce their ability to resist disease and stress, resulting in the increasing severity of crop pests and diseases and the increase in the application of chemical pesticides. In addition, chemical fertilizers are soluble salts that are easily rinsed, which not only causes nutrient loss, but also pollutes rivers and groundwater.

In order to improve the shortcomings of chemical fertilizers, the use of conventional organic fertilizers has gradually received attention. Common sources of organic fertilizers are organic wastes such as wheat bran, kitchen waste, rice stems, and bagasse. However, these organic substances cannot be directly used for crops, and must undergo a decomposing process. The nutrient content of the organic fertilizer after decomposing is low, the nutrient release is slow, and the process time is relatively long due to the long-term compost maturity process. .

In recent years, biofertilizers, especially microbial fertilizers made from microorganisms, have also received considerable attention because they have improved soil nutrient status, assisted crops in absorbing nutrients, and enhanced crop disease resistance and drought tolerance. With the ability to withstand cold, to improve the yield and quality of crops. Conventional microbial fertilizers have liquid and solid (powder) dosage forms. Although the production cost of liquid fertilizer is low, the shelf life is not long, the quality is prone to change, and there are disadvantages such as liquid extravasation and inconvenient transportation. Although the solid fertilizer has a long shelf life and is not easy to undergo qualitative change, it is convenient to transport liquid fertilizer. However, when powder is applied, it is easy to blow away with the wind and the dust is flying, which is easy to cause the human body to inhale excessive powder; Factors that affect the efficiency of use.

The chemical fertilizers of the prior art can not only improve the quality of crops, but also destroy the soil texture and the ecological environment. Although organic fertilizers can be slightly improved for the disadvantages of chemical fertilizers, they have longer process times and lower nutrient supply. Conventional liquid microbial fertilizers have the disadvantages of short shelf life, easy liquid leakage and inconvenient transportation. Traditional solid microbial fertilizers, such as powders, are easily dusty on application.

Therefore, in order to solve the above disadvantages, the present invention provides a method for producing a biological fertilizer granule, which comprises the following steps: Step A is liquid fermentation of a strain, which is inoculated with a microorganism to ferment and mass produce microbial spores; B is to prepare half of the finished powder, which collects the microbial spores of the fermentation liquid, and prepares a slime, and then uses a vacuum freeze dryer to dry the slime to form a mushroom, and then grinds the mass into a powder. To form the semi-finished bacterial powder; Step C is a mixing, which is to add an excipient and an extender to the semi-finished bacterial powder; Step D is Granulation, after adding the excipient and the extender to the semi-finished bacterial powder, and then forming a biological fertilizer granule by a granulator, the moisture content of the biological fertilizer granule 10% or less. Step D is followed by step E, which is a package in which the biological fertilizer granules are packaged into a quantity of finished product.

The invention utilizes the liquid fermentation process of the step A strain to carry out sporulation of the microbial cells, and the purpose of sporulation is to improve the tolerance of the product temperature, salinity and pH value. Thereafter, the moisture content of the semi-finished powder is controlled to be less than 10%, and the excipient and the extender are added to protect the microbial spores and maintain the stability of the product. The excipient can increase the uniformity and stability, and the carrier can be attached to the target. The excipient can be peat soil, kaolin, gypsum, talcum powder, clay, calcium carbonate, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, acid white clay. , strontium sand, titanium dioxide, modified starch, sugar, vegetable starch, vegetable protein powder. The extender does not affect the target, and may be used to increase or dilute the concentration of the target. The extender may be peat soil, kaolin, gypsum, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, acid clay,矽 sand, titanium dioxide, modified starch, dextrin, sugar, starch, vegetable protein.

Compared with the chemical fertilizer of the prior art, the method for manufacturing the biological fertilizer granule of the invention does not contain artificial chemicals in the process, so that the soil texture is not damaged, and the ecological environment is not harmed. In addition to improving the biological, chemical and physical properties of the soil, it also serves as a nutrient source for crops, assisting crops in absorbing nutrients and enhancing the ability of crops to resist disease, drought and cold. Compared with the conventional liquid microbial fertilizer of the prior art, the present invention adds the excipient and the extender to the process, and controls the under-product rate of the semi-finished bacterial powder and the biological fertilizer granule to be less than 10%. The microbial spores are not easily damp and contaminated, and the shelf life can be extended. The present invention utilizes the granulation mechanism as compared to prior art conventional solid powder microbial fertilizers The biological fertilizer granules are not easy to be dusty when applied, and are convenient to use.

A‧‧‧Strain liquid fermentation

B‧‧‧ Making half finished powder

C‧‧‧mixing

D‧‧‧granulation

E‧‧‧Packaging

1 is a flow chart showing the steps of an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a flow chart showing the steps of another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the stability test of a semi-finished powder after the mixing of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the stability test of a biological fertilizer granule of the present invention after storage for 6 months.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a step of an embodiment of the present invention. A method for producing a biological fertilizer granule of the present embodiment comprises the following steps.

Step A is liquid fermentation of the strain, which is inoculated with a microorganism to ferment and produce microbial spores, and the microorganism may be actinomycetes, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, fungi, Phosphate or algae. Step A can be inoculated with a liquid medium by a fermentation vessel, and then inoculated by the sterilization process, wherein the fermentation vessel can be a triangular flask, a serum bottle, a fermentation tank or other container that can be fermented by liquid. In the sterilization procedure of step A, the liquid medium is charged into the fermentation vessel, and then sterilized by high temperature autoclaving or boiler steam sterilization.

Step B is to prepare half of the finished bacterial powder, firstly collecting the microbial spores of the fermentation liquid by centrifugal filtration, pressure filtration or membrane filtration, and preparing a microbial sludge, wherein the centrifugal filtration can be continuously centrifuged, that is, using a high-speed centrifuge, using Centrifugal force allows the fermentation broth to pass through a sieve screen The slime is then passed through the sieve screen and filtered to remove the centrate. Then, the slime is dried by a vacuum freeze dryer to form a bacterium block, wherein the vacuum freeze dryer has a temperature environment of -25 to 60 ° C, and the bacterium is dried to a moisture content of 10% or less. The pellet is then ground to a powder having a particle size of 50 to 70 mesh to form the semi-finished powder. Step B: The method for preparing the semi-finished powder can be prepared by adding an excipient to the liquid fermentation of the strain of step A and then spray-drying with a spray dryer to prepare the semi-finished powder.

Step C is a mixture, which is added to the semi-finished bacterial powder to add the excipient and a bulking agent to prepare the number of bacteria required for the semi-finished product specification, that is, 1.0×10 ¹⁰ colony forming units per gram (colony-forming unit) /gram, cfu/g) above. The excipient may be peat soil, kaolin, gypsum, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, cerium, titanium dioxide, modified starch, glucose, fructose, galactose, lactose, sucrose, Soy flour, rice bran powder, corn flour. The extender may be peat soil, kaolin, gypsum, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, cerium, titanium dioxide, modified starch, glucose, fructose, galactose, lactose, sucrose, dextrin.

Step D is granulation, after the mixing, the excipient and the extender are further added to the semi-finished bacterial powder to prepare the number of bacteria required for the finished product specification, that is, 1.0×10 ⁹ cfu/g or more. The granulator is made into a biological fertilizer granule, and the biological fertilizer granule has a water content of 10% or less, so that the microbial spore is not easily damp and contaminated, and can be quickly dissolved in water for convenient use.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a step of another embodiment of the present invention. After the step D, the method may include a step E. The step E is a package, and the biological fertilizer granules are packaged into 250 g (g), 500 g, Finished products of 1.0 kg (kg), 2.0 kg, 5.0 kg, 10.0 kg, 20.0 kg, 25.0 kg, 1 lb, 2 lb, 5 lb, 10 lb, 20 lb.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the stability test of the semi-finished powder after the mixing of the present invention. The semi-finished powder after mixing is stored in three different environments, a room temperature environment, which is a cool and dry environment; in a refrigerated environment, the temperature is 4 ° C refrigerator; the other is an accelerated environment, the temperature It is a constant temperature and humidity chamber with 40 ° C and a humidity of 75%. After 1, 2, 3 months, the semi-finished powder was taken out after mixing and the number of bacteria was detected and observed. As shown in Figure 3, the semi-finished powder after mixing is stored in three different environments, which will not affect the number of bacteria; stored in a room temperature environment, a refrigerated environment or an accelerated environment, the number of bacteria remains at 1.0×10 ¹⁰ cfu/g. Above, and the physical observations are all powdery, no significant difference. It is proved that the semi-finished powder is added with the excipient and the extender to prepare the number of bacteria required for the semi-finished product specification, and the stability and stability of the semi-finished powder can be maintained.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the stability test of the biological fertilizer granules of the present invention after storage for 6 months. After the mixing, the excipient and the extender are further added to the semi-finished bacterial powder, and the bio-fertilizer granules produced by the granulator are maintained at the number of bacteria required for the finished product specification. 1.0×10 ⁹ cfu/g or more, and physical observation thereof is a granule, which shows that the biological fertilizer granule of the present invention can maintain its stability.

The above description of the embodiments is intended to be illustrative of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

A‧‧‧Strain liquid fermentation

B‧‧‧ Making half finished powder

C‧‧‧mixing

D‧‧‧granulation

Claims (10)

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a biological fertilizer granule agent, which comprises the following steps: A. liquid fermentation of a strain, which is inoculated with a microorganism for fermenting and mass-producing microbial spores; B. producing half of the finished powder, which is a microorganism collecting the fermentation broth Spores, and made a slime, and then drying the slime by a vacuum freeze dryer to form a bacterium, and then grinding the bacterium into a powder to form the semi-finished powder; C. Mixing, the system Adding an excipient and a bulking agent to the semi-finished bacterial powder; D. granulating, which is further added with the excipient and the extender in the semi-finished bacterial powder, and then made by a granulator A biological fertilizer granule. According to the method for manufacturing a biological fertilizer granule according to claim 1, wherein the step A can be carried out by using a fermentation medium containing a liquid medium, and after being prepared by a sterilization process, the microorganism is inoculated to ferment and produce microbial spores, wherein The fermentation vessel can be a triangular flask, a serum vial, a fermentation tank or other container that can be used for liquid fermentation. The method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the microorganism of the step A may be actinomycetes, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, fungi , phosphate solubilizing bacteria or algae. According to the method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the second aspect of the patent application, in the sterilization procedure of the step A, the liquid medium is charged into the fermentation vessel, and then sterilized by a high temperature autoclave method or a boiler steam sterilization method. According to the method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the first aspect of the patent application, in the step B, the microbial spores of the fermentation liquid are collected by centrifugal filtration, pressure filtration or membrane filtration, and the bacterial sludge is prepared. The method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the vacuum freeze dryer of the step B has a temperature environment of -25 to 60 ° C and is dried to a moisture content of 10% or less. The method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the semi-finished powder of the step B has a particle size of 50 to 70 mesh. According to the method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the first aspect of the patent application, in which the step B is used to prepare the semi-finished powder, the spray can be added after adding the excipient in the liquid fermentation of the strain of the step A. The semi-finished powder is replaced by spray drying. The method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the excipient of the step C and the step D may be peat soil, kaolin, gypsum, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, bentonite, earthworm. Algae soil, acid clay, sand, titanium dioxide, modified starch, sugar, vegetable starch, vegetable protein powder. The method for producing a biological fertilizer granule according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the extender of the step C and the step D may be peat soil, kaolin Soil, gypsum, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, strontium sand, titanium dioxide, modified starch, dextrin, sugar, starch, vegetable protein.