TW201444968A - Solid-state fermentation method for producing liquid-state culture of mushrooms - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid-state fermentation method for producing liquid-state culture of mushrooms. Paper fibers with the characteristics of ease of obtainment and sterilization are used as the solid-state culture medium for producing liquid-state culture of mushroom to provide the required nutritional content for the growth of liquid-state culture of mushrooms. Furthermore, the incidence that the inoculation tool is blocked by the solid-state culture medium when the liquid-state culture of mushrooms is inoculated can be lowered since the paper fibers are short fibers. Accordingly, it can improve the consistency of the culture inoculation to increase the success rate of cultivation of mushrooms and reduce the possibility that the mushrooms are polluted.

Description

Method for producing mushroom liquid strain by solid state fermentation

The invention relates to a method for producing liquid mushroom species by solid state fermentation, in particular to a nutrient component which is required for the growth of mushroom liquid strains by using paper fiber as a solid culture medium for producing liquid mushroom species.

For modern people, mushrooms can be used as a source of food. In addition, various special physiologically active substances derived from mushrooms include: polysaccharides, triterpenoids, ergosterol, nucleotides, proteoglycans. , nucleic acid, organic hydrazine, dietary fiber, etc., have anti-tumor, immune regulation, lower blood pressure, lower blood sugar, lower cholesterol, anti-bacterial and viral, delay osteoporosis, etc., are widely used in health foods and health foods and With the increase in the economic value of mushrooms. The basic structure of mushrooms mainly includes mycelium, fruiting bodies and spores. The production of mushroom products is mainly fruiting bodies and mycelia, and the fruiting bodies are produced by solid-state fermentation (using solid medium culture materials such as space-building, wood chips or cereals for space bags or cultivation bottles); mycelium is dependent on Liquid fermentation (using liquid culture medium). Different special physiologically active substances are distributed in different mushroom structure areas and depending on the type of mushrooms, so the large amount of mushroom cultivation is the first step to increase the economic value of mushrooms.

The current mushroom production process includes three procedures: preparation and culture of strains, preparation of culture medium, cultivation and culture of strains, and management of mushroom production. The general culture step is to use a cereal, wood sorghum, or the like as a main formula to prepare a solid strain, and then inoculate it into a culture medium to expand the culture. The disadvantage of this method is that the above solid medium has the doubt of heavy metal pollution, and it is difficult to control the environmental conditions, so there are often bacterial contamination or poor growth. Compared with the solid strain, the liquid strain refers to a strain or mycelium that grows in a liquid culture medium, and can be inoculated into a liquid culture medium by inoculating a mushroom hyphae which has grown in a solid culture medium. . Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of solid-state fermentation and liquid fermentation, solid-state fermentation is labor-intensive, time-consuming and time-consuming. The parameters in the cultivation process are complicated, so the technical threshold is high, and the current solid medium has the concern of heavy metal pollution. However, the solid-state produced mushrooms The active ingredients of the class are similar to the mushrooms of natural origin, and the fruiting bodies and mycelium of the mushrooms can be cultivated. However, liquid fermentation, while compensating for the shortcomings of solid-state fermentation, requires the cost of higher equipment (including equipment such as aseptic tables, shakers, bioreactors or fermentation tanks), and the active ingredients of the mushrooms produced are more natural. There are few mushrooms, and only the mycelium of the mushrooms can be cultivated.

The current method can prepare and homogenize the liquid strain and inoculate the liquid strain to the solid medium, thereby increasing the consistency of the inoculation of the strain to increase the success rate of mushroom cultivation and reducing the growth of the mushroom. Cycle and increase production capacity. However, even if the liquid culture is used to inoculate the solid medium, the quality of the solid medium should be considered. A space bag or a cultivation bottle composed of wood cultivation, wood chips or grains. The composition of the solid medium is a natural substance, and the solid medium is limited by the fact that the source of the material is difficult to control and has heavy metal pollution, and the sterilization is difficult. It may cause the mushroom to be contaminated by bacteria, so it is still difficult to use. The invention relates to a method for improving the quality of a solid culture medium used for mushroom cultivation; and the patent application of No. I378143 of the Republic of China discloses a method for producing a cultivation medium of Pleurotus eryngii, which comprises a solid culture substrate and a Trichoderma strain. The Trichoderma strain can promote the efficiency of the accumulation fermentation; the Patent Application No. 506819 of the Republic of China discloses a mushroom cultivation method, wherein the solid medium is composed of organic matter (such as wood chips, bagasse, minced corn heart). ), adding 5% of rice bran, a small amount of calcium carbonate, 55% of water, mixed and stirred, and irradiated by sunlight and natural fermentation, because the temperature rises up to 80 ° C during fermentation, and the fermentation bacteria naturally eliminate other bacteria, so The solid medium does not need to be sterilized by a boiler, and has better safety; the Patent Application No. 201238469 of the Republic of China discloses a method for inoculation and cultivation of Antrodia camphorata, wherein the solid medium is composed of burdock wood, water and burdock. The essential oil is a step of cultivating the barrel of the burdock wood by the polishing process of the germination process, cleaning, sterilizing, re-sterilizing, inoculating the culture dish, and stacking the cultivation barrel in a closed space. The increase of internal carbon dioxide can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria and cause the bacteria to die; The application of the Korean Patent No. 200500323 discloses a method for cultivating a ganoderma lucidum which ferments wood chips by microorganisms, wherein the solid medium is wood chips, and particularly microorganisms are added, which can ferment the wood chips, and after the wood fibers are fermented by microorganisms, In addition to reducing the toxins of the wood chip fiber itself, its nutrients can provide the growth needs of Ganoderma lucidum after decomposition. The results show that the development of solid medium cultures that are easy to sterilize and free from heavy metal contamination has its industrial value.

Nowadays, the inventor is still in a very difficult manner in view of the fact that the above-mentioned existing mushroom liquid bacteria are inoculated in a solid medium, and it is a tireless spirit, and with its rich professional knowledge and many years. The practical experience is supplemented and improved, and the present invention has been developed based on this.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing liquid mushroom species by solid state fermentation, which uses paper fiber as a solid substrate culture material for producing mushroom liquid bacteria to provide nutrients for the growth of the liquid mushroom species of the mushroom, thereby improving The success rate of mushroom cultivation and the possibility of contamination of mushrooms.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the present inventors propose a method for producing a mushroom liquid strain by solid state fermentation, which comprises using a paper fiber as a solid culture substrate for producing a mushroom liquid strain.

In an embodiment of the invention, the paper fiber is a short fiber; in addition, the paper fiber is sterilized; further, the paper fiber is used to provide a carbon source and nitrogen required for the growth of the liquid species. Source, inorganic salt, moisture and trace element nutrient requirements.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid strain is derived from liquid fermentation to expand culture; in addition, the environmental parameter related to the liquid fermentation includes temperature, agitation or oscillation speed and ventilation, and the environmental parameter is set according to the mushroom to be planted. The variety is adjusted; in addition, the liquid fermentation equipment is one of a shaker, a bioreactor or a fermentation tank.

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The object of the present invention and its advantages will be described in conjunction with the specific embodiments in accordance with the steps shown in the following figures, so that the reviewing committee can have a more in-depth and specific understanding of the present invention.

According to the preferred embodiment of the solid-state fermentation method for producing liquid mushroom species, the liquid culture substrate used in the culture of the liquid culture can be molasses, glucose, sugar, sucrose, starch, potato, etc. to provide carbon. Nitrogen may be provided for corn flour, soy flour, peptone, yeast extract, etc., and vitamins or inorganic salts may also be added. These formulations were sterilized after high temperature (121 ° C) and high pressure 15 psi (100 KPa) for 30 minutes. The manufacturer uses the inoculating rod to scrape the mushroom hyphae that has grown in the solid medium, and inoculates the mushroom hyphae into the conical flask containing the liquid culture medium in the aseptic operation box at the appropriate temperature (in general mushrooms). For example, the temperature suitable for growth is 18-30 ° C) is shaken to culture (in the case of common mushrooms, the shaker is reciprocating, the oscillation speed is 80-140 rpm, and the culture time is 3-7 days). The liquid culture is homogenized and inoculated into the liquid culture medium in the bioreactor or the fermentation tank (for example, in general, the inoculum is usually 10-20% by volume of the liquid culture medium), and the air is sterilized. It is only possible to enter the bioreactor or fermentation tank. The environmental parameter setting includes temperature (in the case of common mushrooms, the temperature suitable for growth is 18-30 ° C), and the stirring speed (in the case of common mushrooms, the growth speed is suitably 150-180 rpm/min). Ventilation (in the case of common mushrooms, the appropriate ventilation is 1-5 vvm), and the environmental parameters are adjusted according to the type of mushroom to be planted. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the liquid culture substrate is increased by stirring. In addition, by aeration to maintain a positive pressure in the bioreactor or fermentation tank environment, bacteria in the air are prevented from contaminating the liquid culture substrate. The step of expanding the culture of the mycelium of the liquid strain using the liquid culture substrate is referred to as liquid fermentation. The cultured mature liquid species are analyzed for biological quality and purity. The analysis of biological quality determines the quality of liquid bacteria according to the amount of hyphae and the size of mycelium, and the analysis of purity is to examine whether liquid bacteria are contaminated by sensory analysis and microscopic observation, respectively. The liquid culture medium has turbidity or odor or acid odor, or poor growth (if the liquid bacteria grows poorly, the mycelium structure is abnormal). Thereafter, only samples of the mycelium of the liquid species that were not contaminated and grew well were retained. The invention replaces the current natural materials such as wood chips and grains with paper fiber as a solid medium filled with a space bag or a culture bottle, and uses paper fiber as a solid culture medium for producing liquid mushroom species to provide growth of mushroom liquid bacteria. The nutrients required (nutrient ingredients include the carbon source, nitrogen source, inorganic salt, water and trace element nutrients required for the growth of liquid species). The paper fibers are short fibers and are easy to sterilize. The manufacturer homogenizes the mycelium of the paper fiber mixed with the liquid strain and the sterilized water. After that, the inoculation tool (for example, a vaccination gun, an inoculator or a dispenser) can be used to implant a space bag or a culture bottle composed of paper fibers to control environmental conditions (environmental conditions including temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation). The culture chamber performs a subsequent mushroom cultivation procedure. Since the paper fiber is a short fiber, the incidence of the solid substrate culture clogging inoculation tool when inoculated with the liquid mushroom species can be reduced. Thereby, the solid fermentation method for producing mushroom liquid bacteria can improve the consistency of the inoculation of the strain to increase the success rate of mushroom cultivation and reduce the possibility of contamination of the mushroom.

It can be seen from the above description that the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1. The present invention provides a carbon source, a nitrogen source, an inorganic salt, a moisture and a trace element nutrient component required for the growth of a liquid strain by using a paper fiber as a solid medium for producing a mushroom liquid strain.

2. The present invention can be easily sterilized by using paper fiber as a solid culture medium for producing liquid mushroom species.

3. The invention adopts paper fiber as a solid culture substrate for producing liquid mushroom species of mushrooms, which can improve the consistency of inoculation of the strain to increase the success rate of mushroom cultivation and reduce the possibility of contamination of the mushroom.

In summary, the solid-state fermentation method for producing mushroom liquid bacteria of the present invention can achieve the intended use efficiency by the above-disclosed examples, and the present invention has not been disclosed before the application, and has completely met the requirements. The provisions and requirements of the Patent Law.爰Issuing an application for a patent for invention in accordance with the law, and asking for a review, and granting a patent, is truly sensible.

The illustrations and descriptions of the present invention are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; those skilled in the art, which are characterized by the scope of the present invention, Equivalent variations or modifications are considered to be within the scope of the design of the invention.

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Claims (5)

A method for producing mushroom liquid bacteria by solid state fermentation, which uses paper fiber as a solid medium for producing liquid mushroom species of mushrooms. A method for producing a mushroom liquid strain by solid state fermentation as described in claim 1, wherein the paper fiber is a short fiber. The method for producing a mushroom liquid strain by solid state fermentation according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the paper fiber is sterilized. A method for producing a mushroom liquid strain by solid state fermentation according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the paper fiber provides a carbon source, a nitrogen source, an inorganic salt, and a moisture required for the growth of the mushroom liquid strain. Demand for nutrients with trace elements. The method for producing a mushroom liquid strain by solid state fermentation according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the mushroom liquid strain is derived from liquid fermentation to expand culture.