TW201421070A - 電濕潤元件及其製作方法 - Google Patents

電濕潤元件及其製作方法 Download PDF

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TW201421070A
TW201421070A TW101144994A TW101144994A TW201421070A TW 201421070 A TW201421070 A TW 201421070A TW 101144994 A TW101144994 A TW 101144994A TW 101144994 A TW101144994 A TW 101144994A TW 201421070 A TW201421070 A TW 201421070A
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magnetic
base
magnetic ink
retaining wall
electrowetting
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TWI467228B (zh
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Ying-Jia Xue
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Nat Univ Chung Hsing
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Priority to US14/091,324 priority patent/US9081174B2/en
Priority to US14/091,330 priority patent/US8982448B2/en
Priority to CN201310616947.0A priority patent/CN103852886B/zh
Priority to EP20130194756 priority patent/EP2738588A1/en
Priority to JP2013245707A priority patent/JP5774668B2/ja
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • G02B26/005Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid based on electrowetting
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/344Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/3453Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on rotating particles or microelements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/348Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on the deformation of a fluid drop, e.g. electrowetting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41JTYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01Ink jet
    • B41J2/135Nozzles
    • B41J2/14Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43KIMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K5/00Pens with ink reservoirs in holders, e.g. fountain-pens
    • B43K5/02Ink reservoirs
    • B43K5/10Ink reservoirs with reserve ink chambers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/02Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/02Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
    • G02B26/026Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light based on the rotation of particles under the influence of an external field, e.g. gyricons, twisting ball displays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/094Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect based on magnetophoretic effect

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)

Abstract

本發明主要是一種電濕潤元件,包括一基座、一與該基座連接並共同界定出一個密閉空間的封裝殼,及一容設於該密閉空間的液體,該基座及該封裝殼可彼此配合提供電能,該液體含有一磁性油墨,且該液體在受到該基座及該封裝殼提供的電能時會產生型態變化;另外,本發明還同時提供該電濕潤元件的製作方法。

Description

電濕潤元件及其製作方法
本發明是有關於一種電濕潤光電元件,及其製作方法,特別是指一種具有磁性油墨之電濕潤(electrowetting)元件,及其製作方法。
電濕潤技術是一種借助控制電壓來改變被包圍的液體的表層電性,從而控制液體型態的變化,可利用在例如顯示器、光學凹/凸流體透鏡、生醫晶片等產品中,其中電濕潤顯示器則是利用油和水產生畫素開關的效果。由於電濕潤顯示器不需要偏光板和液晶,所以成本低且製程相對一般液晶顯示器而言較為簡單;此外,電濕潤顯示器還具有穿透度高、應答速度快及廣視角的優點,因此更適合用於電子紙。
參閱圖1、圖2,傳統電濕潤顯示元件包含一具有疏水性表面111的基座11、多個形成在該疏水性表面111的擋牆12、多個由該疏水性表面111與該些擋牆12共同界定之容槽13、一與該基座11配合封閉該些容槽13的封裝座14,及一封置於該些容槽13的液體15,且該液體15具有一油性溶液151與一極性溶液152,要說明的是,該電濕潤顯示元件的油性溶液151與該極性溶液152的油/水界面於平衡時所呈現的態樣,會因為該油性溶液151、極性溶液152及該擋牆12之間的相對關係而令該油/水界面呈現凸狀或凹狀,圖1中僅為說明其中一種態樣。
續參閱圖1,該液體15具有一位於該些容槽13底部的油性溶液151與一位於該油性溶液151上的極性溶液152。於顯示器中,該每一個容槽13即代表一個畫素。該基座11及封裝座14可相互配合提供電能,利用電壓的控制,令該基座11的電性造成變化,進而控制容置於該些容槽13內的液體15的型態變化;例如,當該油性液體151為一有色油性油墨,該極性溶液152為水,在沒有施加電壓時,該油性溶液151於該些容槽13的接觸面,會形成如圖1所示的弧狀液滴;當施加電壓時,會改變該些疏水性擋牆12與該油性溶液151接觸面的表面電性,而使得該油性溶液151與該些擋牆12接觸面的表面張力產生改變,結果是原來的平衡靜止況態不再穩定,原本呈弧狀液滴狀態的油性溶液151會被極性溶液152擠壓移至兩側,形成如圖2所示的圖元變化,而產生畫素開關的效果。
前述該電濕潤顯示器元件的液體15大多是以浸入式或噴墨式製程進行封裝。以浸入式製程而言,是先在經過真空脫泡的水面形成一層油墨,再將該基座11緩慢斜插入水中,而令該油墨隨著插入的基座11進入該些容槽13中,之後再於水中將該封裝座14與該基座11貼合,而將該油墨及水一起封裝於該每一個容槽13中;而噴墨式製程則是將油墨以噴墨方式填入該些容槽13中,接著再將填有該油墨的基座11浸入水中,再將該封裝座14於水中與該基座11貼合而將該油墨及水一起封裝於該些容槽13中。然而,無論是以浸入或噴墨式製程進行封裝,由於該油性溶液151(如 油墨)的比重小於水,因此於填裝水性溶液152的過程若不慎攪動或破壞油/水之間的平衡,都會導致後續製程元件的良率降低,此外,目前該油性溶液151大都是將染料溶於非極性的溶劑(例如將黑色染料溶於油中)而得,而此類染料的穩定性較差,因此也會有元件壽命不長的問題。
因此,本發明之目的,在提供一種封裝便利並可提升元件信賴度的電濕潤元件製作方法。
再者,本發明的另一目的,即在一種提供電濕潤元件。
於是,本發明一種電濕潤元件的製作方法是包含:一準備步驟,及一封裝步驟。
該準備步驟是先準備一基座、一封裝殼、一磁性油墨,及一磁力單元,該磁力單元可產生磁力並與該磁性油墨相互作用,該基座具有多個可容置液體的第一凹槽,且該封裝殼可與該基座共同界定出一個密閉空間,並可與該基座配合施加電壓。
該封裝步驟是利用將該磁性油墨裝填於該些第一凹槽中,並利用該磁力單元的作用將該磁性油墨固定於該些第一凹槽底部,最後再將該磁性油墨與一極性溶液封置於該封裝殼與該基座共同界定出之密閉空間,製得該電濕潤元件。
另外,本發明一種電濕潤元件,包括一封裝座及一液體。
該封裝座包括一基座及一封裝殼,該基座具有多個可容 置液體的第一凹槽,該封裝殼可與該基座共同界定出一個密閉空間,並與該基座配合施加電壓。
該液體容設於該第一凹槽,包括一具有磁性的磁性油墨及一覆蓋該磁性油墨的極性溶液,該液體在受到該基座及該封裝殼施加電壓時會產生型態變化,且該磁性油墨的型態變化不受其磁性影響。
有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效,在以下配合參考圖式之二個較佳實施例的詳細說明中,將可清楚的呈現。
本發明之電濕潤元件製作方法的第一較佳實施例,是用以製作如圖3所示的電濕潤元件,該電濕潤元件可應用在液態透鏡、顯示器等不同之用途,在此,將該電濕潤元件以應用於顯示器為例作說明,惟本發明之應用並不以此為限。
參閱圖3,圖3所示為該電濕潤元件在未施加電壓的狀態,該電濕潤元件包含一封裝座2及一液體3。
該封裝座2包括一基座21與一封裝殼22。
該基座21具有一本體211、一形成於該本體211表面的疏水層212、一自該本體211表面向上並穿過該疏水層212延伸的第一擋牆213,及複數個由該第一擋牆213與該疏水層212共同界定供容置該液體3的第一凹槽214,該第一擋牆213具有一擋牆本體215及一形成於該擋牆本體215表面由疏水性材料構成的疏水膜216。
要說明的是,該疏水膜216的高度可用來控制容置於該些第一凹槽214的疏水性油墨於該些第一凹槽214的側邊高度;疏水膜216愈高,疏水性油墨於該些第一凹槽214兩側邊的高度愈高,留存於該些第一凹槽214底部的疏水性油墨就愈少,為了避免疏水性油墨因為該疏水膜216的高度過高而移向該些第一凹槽214兩側導致後續封裝時溢過該些第一凹槽214,或是因為疏水性油墨向兩側邊移動導致該些第一凹槽214底部的疏水性油墨量不足的問題,較佳地,該疏水膜216的高度小於該些第一凹槽214的高度。於圖3中,該疏水膜216是以小於該些第一凹槽214的高度為例做說明。
該封裝殼22與該基座21共同界定出一個密閉空間並封閉該些第一凹槽214,並與該基座21電連接以配合施加電壓。由於該封裝殼22的結構及材料為本技術領域所習知且非為本技術之重點,因此不再多加敘述,於本較佳實施例中,該封裝殼22是以與該基座21共同界定出一可同時封閉該些第一凹槽214的密閉空間並為例作說明。
該液體3容置在該些第一凹槽214,在受到該基座21及該封裝殼22施加的電壓時會產生型態變化,包括一具有疏水性的磁性油墨31及一極性溶液32,且特別的是該磁性油墨31的組成份含有一磁性顏料及一非極性溶劑;較佳地,為了令該磁性油墨31可展現較好的色度,該磁性油墨31的粒徑不大於50nm。於本實施例中,該磁性顏料是選自順磁性且具有疏水性基團改質之氧化鐵,該非極性溶劑是 選自正己烷、12烷、18烷等長鏈烴類溶劑,或矽油,且該極性溶液32是選自水。此外,要說明的是,當該液體3在受到該基座21及該封裝殼22施加電壓而產生型態變化時,該磁性油墨31的型態變化不會受其磁性影響,而是受該磁性油墨31本身疏水性質的影響。
參閱圖4(圖4顯示為當施加電壓時該液體3的形態變化結果),要再說明的是,該第一擋牆213也可以是具有一自該本體211向上並穿過該疏水層212向上延伸的擋壁217,及一自該擋壁217的頂面向上延伸的增高壁218,其中,該擋壁217則是由一如前所述之擋牆本體215及一形成於該擋牆本體215表面的疏水膜216所構成,該增高壁218具有親水性表面且寬度小於該擋壁217的寬度,利用該增高壁218可用以擴充該些第一凹槽214的空間,不僅可預防容置於該些第一凹槽214中的液體3在型態變化時溢過該第一擋牆213,而造成該液體3的體積分佈產生變化,此外,藉由該擋壁217及該增高壁218間的寬度差所產生的空間還可增加該液體3的儲存空間增加開口率,而提升該電濕潤元件的對比度及提昇解析度。
上述該電濕潤元件,在配合以下電濕潤元件製作方法的該較佳實施例說明後當可更佳清楚明白。
本發明電濕潤元件之製作方法的較佳實施例是以噴墨封裝製程為例做說明。
參閱圖5、圖6,該較佳實施例包含一準備步驟51,及一封裝步驟52。
首先,進行該準備步驟51,準備該基座21、封裝殼22、磁力單元4,及磁性油墨31。
詳細的說,該基座21是先在一由玻璃構成的透明基板表面依序形成一由銦錫氧化物(Indium Tin Oxide,ITO)構成,厚度實質不小於400Å的導電層,及一由氮化矽構成,厚度實質為2000Å的介電絕緣層形成該本體211,然後利用微影製程在該介電絕緣層表面上形成一由光阻材料構成且將該介電絕緣層表面區隔成多個獨立空間的擋牆本體215,接著再利用疏水性化合物於該擋牆本體215與該介電絕緣層表面形成該疏水膜216及該疏水層212後,即可得到該第一擋牆213,而製得該基座21,且該第一擋牆213與該疏水層212共同界定出該些可容納該液體3的第一凹槽214。
要說明的是,該疏水性化合物可經由旋轉塗佈(spin coating)、浸佈塗佈(dipping)、淋幕塗佈(curtain coating)等方式形成於該介電絕緣層與該擋牆本體215的表面,於本較佳實施例中,是將由鐵氟龍構成之疏水性材料以旋轉塗佈(spin coating)方式形成於該介電絕緣層及該擋牆本體215的表面,而殘留於該擋牆本體215頂面的疏水性材料可經由機械研磨、化學機械研磨、雷射、蝕刻等方式移除,或是利用電漿處理令該殘留的疏水材料暫時喪失疏水性,而用以進行後續製程。
要說明的是,該疏水膜216與該擋牆本體215之間的高度差異,除了可利用疏水性材料旋塗量的多寡控制之 外,也可以是利用該擋牆本體215的製程控制而得。具體的說,若要利用製程控制形成該高度大於該疏水膜216的擋牆本體215,可以先利用第一次微影製程,在該介電絕緣層表面上形成一由光阻材料構成且將該介電絕緣層表面區隔成多個獨立空間的擋牆,再將由鐵氟龍構成之疏水性材料以旋轉塗佈(spin coating)方式形成於該介電絕緣層及該擋牆的表面,之後再將殘留於該擋牆頂面的疏水材料移除或是以電漿處理令該疏水材料暫時喪失疏水性後,再利用第二次微影製程於該擋牆頂面形成一由光阻材料構成的增高層,即可得到該如圖6所示高度大於該疏水膜216的擋牆本體215。
於本實施例中是以該疏水膜216的高度小於該擋牆本體215的高度為例,且該擋牆本體215是先以機械研磨方式將殘留在該擋牆頂面的疏水性材料移除後再經第二次微影製程形成該增高層後而得做說明。
該封裝殼22是用於與該基座21配合共同界定出一密閉空間,並可用於與該基座21配合施加電壓,例如,該封裝殼22可以具有一包含一透光基板、一形成於該透光基板其中一表面的導電層及一形成於該導電層表面的介電絕緣層所構成的殼體,由於該封裝殼22的結構及材料為本技術領域所習知且非為本技術之重點,因此不再多加敘述,於本較佳實施例中,該封裝殼22是以與該基座21共同界定出一密閉空間並封閉該些第一凹槽214為例作說明。
該磁力單元4是用以提供磁力而可與具有磁性的物質 相互作用,可為永久磁鐵、電磁鐵、磁力線圈等,於本實施例中該磁力單元4為由永久磁鐵構成並設置在該基座21下方,可與容置於該些第一凹槽214的磁性油墨31相互作用,而令該磁性油墨31固定並均勻分布於該些第一凹槽214的底部。
該磁性油墨31的組成份包含一順磁性的磁性顏料及一非極性溶劑,較佳地,該磁性顏料是選自表面具有疏水性基團改質的氧化鐵,且該非極性溶劑是選自例如正己烷、12烷、18烷等長鍊烴類溶劑或矽油等。
詳細地說,該表面具有疏水性基團改質的氧化鐵係在長鏈烴類溶劑中,利用熱分解油酸鐵複合物產出均勻度高且具有親油性觸角的氧化鐵奈米粒。藉由該親油性觸角的改質可使氧化鐵於油性溶劑中具有良好的分散性。
具體的說,該具有疏水性基團改質的氧化鐵的製備係將表1所示之原料混合,並在70℃的條件下攪拌維持4小時,之後將反應完成之混合物利用分液漏斗用去離子水洗滌至少3次,得到油酸鐵複合物(Iron-Oleate Complex)。
接著,將前述製得的油酸鐵複合物與油酸(Oleic acid)及18烷(1-Octadecane)混合(配比如表2所示),以每分鐘約3~5℃的速率加熱至320℃,並持溫30分鐘,之後待混合溶液冷卻,與一非極性溶劑調和即可得到該磁性油墨31。
接著進行該封裝步驟52,將該磁性油墨31與極性溶液32封裝於該密閉空間中。
於本實施例中是利用噴墨方式先將該磁性油墨31裝填至該些第一凹槽214,然後將該裝填有磁性油墨31的基座21置於該磁力單元4上,令該磁力單元4與容置於該些第一凹槽214的磁性油墨31作用,而將該磁性油墨31固定並均勻分散於該些第一凹槽214底部,然後再利用噴墨系統將該極性溶液32裝填至該些第一凹槽214並令該極性溶液32蓋覆該磁性油墨31,最後再將該封裝殼22的介電絕緣層朝向該基座21,將該封裝殼22與該基座21直接貼合密封後即可將該磁性油墨31及極性溶液32封裝於該些第一凹槽214中,而製得該電濕潤元件。
此外,要說明的是,該封裝殼22也可是與該基座21的邊緣貼合而與該基座21共同界定出一不封閉該些第一凹槽214的密閉空間,而得到如圖7所示之結構;如此,當該液體3容置於該些第一凹槽214時,該磁性油墨31為彼此分隔容置於該些第一凹槽214,而該極性溶液32則為彼此連通。
本發明係藉由該磁力單元4與該磁性油墨31之間的作用力,而令該磁性油墨31可同時經由磁力及毛細力的雙重作用而可固置於該些第一凹槽214的底部,因此,可減少該磁性油墨31及極性溶液32於封裝時的干擾而增加封裝的便利性及有效提升良率。
本發明之電濕潤元件製作方法的第二較佳實施例,是用以製作如圖8所示的電濕潤元件。
參閱圖8,該第二較佳實施例製得的該電濕潤元件與該第一較佳實施例製得的該電濕潤元件的結構大致相同,不同處在於該第二較佳實施例的封裝殼22具有一殼體221及一自該殼體221表面延伸的第二擋牆222,該第二擋牆222具有親水性表面並與該第一擋牆213的位置相對應,且會與該殼體221界定出多個與該些第一凹槽214彼此對應的第二凹槽223,而該些相對應之第一、二凹槽214、223共同界定多個容置該液體3的容置空間。
參閱圖9,本發明該電濕潤元件製作方法的第二較佳實施例包含一準備步驟61與一封裝步驟62。
該準備步驟61是先準備該基座21、封裝殼22、磁力單元4及磁性油墨31。
由於該封裝殼22、磁力單元4及磁性油墨31的製備方式、結構及相關材料的選擇與該第一較佳實施例相同,因此不再多加贅述。本實施例該準備步驟61與該第一較佳實施例的不同處在於該封裝殼22還具有一個第二擋牆222,茲將該第二擋牆222的製作方式說明如下。
首先,先在一由玻璃構成的透明基板表面依序形成一由銦錫氧化物(Indium Tin Oxide,ITO)構成,厚度實質不小於400Å的導電層,及一由氮化矽構成,厚度實質為2000Å的介電絕緣層後形成該殼體221,接著,在該殼體221上形成一層光阻層後,利用微影製程即可在該介電絕緣層表面形成一由光阻材料構成且將該介電絕緣層表面區隔成多個獨立空間的第二擋牆222,而製得該封裝殼22,且該第二擋牆222與該殼體221共同界定出多個與該些第一凹槽214對應之第二凹槽223,要說明的是,該第二擋牆222也可以是先在該介電絕緣層表面形成一層由親水性材料,例如聚醯胺(Polyimide)構成的親水層後,再利用微影蝕刻製程令該親水層形成該第二擋牆222。
該封裝步驟62則是將該磁性油墨31與極性溶液32封裝於該些容置空間。
於本實施例中是利用噴墨方式先將該磁性油墨31裝填至該基座21的該些第一凹槽214中,並將該極性溶液32填注於該封裝殼22的該些第二凹槽223,然後將裝填有該磁性油墨31的基座21置於該磁力單元4上,令該磁性油墨31與該磁力單元4作用而固定分散於該些第一凹槽214底部,接著再將設有該基座21的磁力單元4倒垂於填置有該極性溶液32的封裝殼22的上方,令該第一擋牆213與該第二擋牆222對齊後貼合密封,即可製得該電濕潤元件且於貼合過程中該磁力單元4為保持與該磁性油墨31作用。由於該磁性油墨31於倒垂封裝的過程中會同時受到磁 力及毛細力的作用而固定於該些第一凹槽214的底部,不會因為倒置而移位或是滴落,因此可更有效的將該磁性油墨31與該極性溶液32進行封裝,減低習知因油/水相之間的平衡易被破壞,所造成封裝良率較低的缺點。
綜上所述,由於習知電濕潤元件於封裝液體15的過程,若不慎破壞油/水之間的平衡,容易導致後續製程元件的良率降低的問題,本發明利用該磁性油墨31取代習知電濕潤元件的油墨151,因此,在封裝過程可藉由該磁力單元4與該磁性油墨31的作用而令該磁性油墨31朝向磁場方向均勻平鋪固定;當加入外加磁場時,該磁性油墨31會擁有磁性效果,而朝向磁場方向均勻平鋪固定,所以在封裝的過程中該極性溶液32較不易受到擾動而可良好的維持油/水之間的平衡,因此可減少習知電濕潤元件於封裝液體時,因為油、水密度差異所產生的製程難度,而可增加封裝的操作便利性;當外加磁場移除時,該磁性油墨31的磁力則會消失,該磁性油墨31的性質即等同一般不具磁性的油墨,因此在電濕潤元件的作動過程(電場變化)中,該磁性油墨31並不會受到磁性影響而影響該磁性油墨31的性能表現,故確實能達到本發明之目的。
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。
2‧‧‧封裝座
21‧‧‧基座
211‧‧‧本體
212‧‧‧疏水層
213‧‧‧第一擋牆
214‧‧‧第一凹槽
215‧‧‧擋牆本體
216‧‧‧疏水膜
217‧‧‧擋壁
218‧‧‧增高壁
22‧‧‧封裝殼
221‧‧‧殼體
222‧‧‧第二擋牆
223‧‧‧第二凹槽
3‧‧‧液體
31‧‧‧磁性油墨
32‧‧‧極性溶液
4‧‧‧磁力單元
51‧‧‧準備步驟
52‧‧‧封裝步驟
61‧‧‧準備步驟
62‧‧‧封裝步驟
圖1是一剖視示意圖,說明習知應用於顯示器之電濕潤元件的結構,且為未施加電壓時之態樣;圖2是一剖視示意圖,輔助說明圖1中之電濕潤元件施加電壓時之態樣;圖3是一剖視示意圖,說明由該電濕潤元件之製作方法的第一較佳實施例製作而得的電濕潤元件,且為未施加電壓時之態樣;圖4是一剖視示意圖,說明圖3該電濕潤元件的第一擋牆具有增高壁,且該電濕潤元件為施加電壓的態樣;圖5是一流程方塊圖,說明該第一較佳實施例;圖6是一流程示意圖,輔助說明圖5;圖7是一剖視示意圖,說明該電濕潤元件的較佳實施例,其封裝殼與基座封裝後的另一態樣,且該電濕潤元件為施加電壓的態樣;圖8是一剖視示意圖,說明由該電濕潤元件之製作方法的第二較佳實施例製作而得的電濕潤元件,且為未施加電壓時之態樣;及圖9是一流程方塊圖,說明該第二較佳實施例。
2‧‧‧封裝座
21‧‧‧基座
211‧‧‧本體
212‧‧‧疏水層
213‧‧‧第一擋牆
214‧‧‧第一凹槽
215‧‧‧擋牆本體
216‧‧‧疏水膜
22‧‧‧封裝殼
3‧‧‧液體
31‧‧‧磁性油墨
32‧‧‧極性溶液

Claims (14)

  1. 一種電濕潤元件的製作方法,包含:一準備步驟,準備一基座、一封裝殼、一磁性油墨,及一個磁力單元,該磁力單元可產生磁力並與該磁性油墨相互作用,該基座具有多個可容置液體的第一凹槽,且該封裝殼可與該基座共同界定出一個密閉空間,並可與該基座配合施加電壓;一封裝步驟,將該磁性油墨裝填於該些第一凹槽中,並利用該磁力單元的作用將該磁性油墨固定於該些第一凹槽底部,最後再將該磁性油墨與一極性溶液封置於該封裝殼與該基座共同界定出之密閉空間,製得該電濕潤元件。
  2. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之電濕潤元件的製作方法,其中,該封裝步驟是先將該磁性油墨以噴墨方式裝填至該些第一凹槽,並利用該磁力單元的作用將該磁性油墨固定於該些第一凹槽,接著將該極性溶液填注於該些第一凹槽並覆蓋該磁性油墨,最後將該封裝殼與該基座貼合,將該磁性油墨與該極性溶液封置於該封裝殼與該基座之間,製得該電濕潤元件。
  3. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之電濕潤元件的製作方法,其中,該封裝殼具有多個與該些第一凹槽位置相對應並可與該些第一凹槽共同界定出多個容置空間的第二凹槽,該封裝步驟是將磁性油墨以噴墨方式裝填至該些第一凹槽中,並將該極性溶液填注於該些第二凹槽,再 將該基座與該封裝殼貼合,令該磁性油墨與該極性溶液封置於該些容置空間。
  4. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之電濕潤元件的製作方法,其中,該磁性油墨的組成份為含有一磁性顏料及一非極性溶劑,該磁性顏料為具有順磁性且表面為疏水性基團改質之氧化鐵。
  5. 一種電濕潤元件,包含:一封裝座,包括一基座及一封裝殼,該基座具有多個可容置液體的第一凹槽,該封裝殼可與該基座共同界定出一個密閉空間,並與該基座配合施加電壓;及一液體,容設於該第一凹槽,包括一具有磁性的磁性油墨及一覆蓋該磁性油墨的極性溶液,該液體在受到該基座及該封裝殼施加電壓時會產生型態變化,且該磁性油墨的型態變化不受其磁性影響。
  6. 依據申請專利範圍第5項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該磁性油墨的組成份含有一磁性顏料及一非極性溶劑,該磁性顏料為順磁性且為油溶性。
  7. 依據申請專利範圍第6項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該磁性顏料的粒徑不大於50nm。
  8. 依據申請專利範圍第6項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該磁性顏料選自表面具有疏水性基團改質之氧化鐵。
  9. 依據申請專利範圍第5項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該基座具有一本體、一形成於該本體表面的疏水層、一自該本體向上並穿過該疏水層向上延伸的第一擋牆,且該 第一擋牆與該疏水層共同界定出該些第一凹槽。
  10. 依據申請專利範圍第9項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該第一擋牆具有一自該本體向上並穿過該疏水層向上延伸的擋壁,及一形成於該擋壁表面與該疏水層連接的疏水膜。
  11. 依據申請專利範圍第10項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該第一擋牆還具有一自該擋壁之頂面向上延伸的增高壁,該增高壁的寬度不大於該擋壁的寬度並具有親水性表面。
  12. 依據申請專利範圍第10項或第11項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該疏水膜的高度小於該擋壁的高度
  13. 依據申請專利範圍第5項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該封裝殼具有多個與該些第一凹槽位置相對應的第二凹槽,且該些第一、二凹槽共同界定出多個供容置該液體的容置空間。
  14. 依據申請專利範圍第13項所述之電濕潤元件,其中,該封裝殼具有一殼體,及一自該殼體表面延伸的第二擋牆,該第二擋牆具有親水性表面,並與該殼體共同界定出該些第二凹槽。
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US14/091,330 US8982448B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2013-11-26 Electrowetting device
CN201310616947.0A CN103852886B (zh) 2012-11-30 2013-11-28 电湿润元件及其制作方法
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