TW201348180A - Plant nutrition formulation and improved soil - Google Patents

Plant nutrition formulation and improved soil Download PDF

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TW201348180A
TW201348180A TW101118119A TW101118119A TW201348180A TW 201348180 A TW201348180 A TW 201348180A TW 101118119 A TW101118119 A TW 101118119A TW 101118119 A TW101118119 A TW 101118119A TW 201348180 A TW201348180 A TW 201348180A
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plant
soil
weight
nutritional formula
fertilizer
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TW101118119A
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yuan-hao Zhang
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yuan-hao Zhang
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a plant nutrition formulation, containing: 35-45 wt% of nitrogen fertilizer, 5-15 wt% of phosphorus fertilizer, 15-25 wt% of potassium fertilizer, 25-35 wt% of organic matter and 0.1-5 wt% of trace elements not containing heavy metal elements. When the plant nutrition formulation is used in plant growth, it can improve physical and chemical properties of the soil so as to be beneficial for plant grown in the soil. This nutrition formulation can be used for the fruit trees that are unsuitable for being planted in a small area, allowing the fruit trees to be successfully planted in a plant pot having a predetermined volume, overcoming the problem of unsuitable climatic conditions and successfully achieving the purposes of growth, development and fruitage. Furthermore, said plant nutrition formulation can be adjusted according to the ratio of nutrient components, plant species and plant growing years.

Description

植物營養配方及改良土 Plant nutrition formula and improved soil

本發明係關於一種用於植物栽種之肥料,特別是關於一種可有利於植物生長之植物營養配方。 The present invention relates to a fertilizer for plant cultivation, and more particularly to a plant nutrition formula which is advantageous for plant growth.

在現代化的農業栽種產業中,化學肥料及農藥常被大量地應用在農作物的栽種上。此種栽種方式雖然可以提高農業生產的效率,但是,長此以往,大量施用化學肥料及農藥已經對土壤以及環境造成了相當大的傷害。長期施用無機化學肥料而忽視有機肥料的補充,使得土壤呈現酸化、固化、缺乏有機物,並且造成土壤的酸鹼失衡。再者,施灑後,無法被植物吸收利用的部分,會造成土壤的污染,而且,因為化學肥料均為可溶性的鹽類,因此,會造成地下水源的污染,同時會因為重複施灑的次數越多,使污染狀況更形嚴重。 In the modern agricultural planting industry, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are often used in a large number of crops. Although this kind of planting method can improve the efficiency of agricultural production, in the long run, the large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have caused considerable damage to the soil and the environment. The long-term application of inorganic chemical fertilizers and the neglect of the supplement of organic fertilizers make the soil acidified, solidified, lack of organic matter, and cause the acid-base imbalance of the soil. Furthermore, after being applied, the part that cannot be absorbed by the plant will cause soil pollution. Moreover, since the chemical fertilizer is a soluble salt, it will cause pollution of the groundwater source and the number of times of repeated application. The more the pollution situation, the more serious the pollution situation.

此外,為了滅絕病源菌與雜草,遂大量使用除草劑、除蟲劑等農藥,如此雖暫時抑制了病源菌的感染,但是一但藥效降低,病源菌仍會快速繁殖,甚至出現抗藥性更強的病源菌,而使得農藥越用越多,如此的長期使用與殘留,使得土壤中的有益微生物及蚯蚓等生物均無法存活,土壤中的有機質日益減少,而污染卻日益加劇,如此不但使得作物的產量及品質降低,甚至會造成農地無法耕種的結果。 In addition, in order to eliminate pathogenic bacteria and weeds, a large number of pesticides such as herbicides and insecticides are used, which temporarily inhibits the infection of pathogenic bacteria, but once the efficacy is reduced, the pathogenic bacteria will rapidly multiply and even develop resistance. Stronger pathogens, so that more and more pesticides are used, such long-term use and residue, so that the beneficial microorganisms and earthworms in the soil can not survive, the organic matter in the soil is decreasing, and the pollution is increasing, so not only The crop yield and quality are reduced, and even the result of the inability to cultivate the farmland is caused.

為了改善使用化學肥料的缺點,有機肥料的利用逐漸受到重視。一般常見用於製造有機肥料的來源包括禽畜糞便、廚餘以及 農業廢棄物(如稻梗、花生殼、甘蔗渣)等等。因為這些有機物無法直接提供作物利用,因此均需經過腐熟的處理過程。與化學肥料相比,通常有機肥料具有養分含量較低,養分釋出較慢,成本高(因需長時間的堆肥腐熟過程),成分不穩定等缺點。但是,相對上,其具有肥效持久,可改善土壤的物理、化學、生物等特性的優點。但是,製造有機肥料時,來源及製造過程均會影響最終成品的品質,若於製造過程中未去除來源物裡的毒性物質或有害成分,未去除雜草種子、蟲卵或幼蟲、病源菌,或是未完全腐熟,直接施用於土壤中,不但無法改善土壤,反而可能造成土壤品質的降低,或是影響作物生長。 In order to improve the shortcomings of using chemical fertilizers, the use of organic fertilizers has gradually received attention. Common sources of organic fertilizers commonly used include livestock manure, food waste, and Agricultural waste (such as rice stems, peanut shells, bagasse) and so on. Because these organics cannot directly provide crop utilization, they all need to undergo a decomposing process. Compared with chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers usually have lower nutrient content, slower nutrient release, higher cost (due to long-term composting process), and unstable composition. However, in contrast, it has a long-lasting fertilizer effect, which can improve the physical, chemical, biological and other characteristics of the soil. However, when manufacturing organic fertilizers, the source and manufacturing process will affect the quality of the final product. If the toxic or harmful components in the source are not removed during the manufacturing process, weed seeds, eggs or larvae, pathogenic bacteria are not removed. Or not fully decomposed, directly applied to the soil, not only can not improve the soil, but may cause soil quality degradation, or affect crop growth.

近來,生物肥料也相當受到重視。其是指含有某種活的微生物或酵素的粉狀或液狀製劑,將其施用在種子、幼苗或土壤土,可以加強作物對營養素的利用或增加土壤中的營養分,補充土壤中有益微生物的數量,使土壤在良好的生態環境下發揮功能。例如,固氮菌具有固氮作用,可以將空氣中的氮素固定為氨,轉變成植物可以利用的含氮化合物,如此可增加土壤的氮素來源。而某些溶解菌可以使土壤中不能被利用的結合型營養元素溶解,使植物得以利用。又如菌根菌可以增加根系吸收能力及表面積,促進養分的吸收。使用微生物肥料可以部分取代或減少化學肥料的施用,或是促進養分的吸收效率,進而獲得較佳的生長效果。 Recently, biological fertilizers have also received considerable attention. It refers to a powdery or liquid preparation containing a living microorganism or enzyme, which is applied to seeds, seedlings or soil soil, which can enhance the utilization of nutrients by the crop or increase the nutrient content in the soil, and supplement the beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The amount of soil that makes the soil function in a good ecological environment. For example, nitrogen-fixing bacteria have a nitrogen-fixing effect, which can fix nitrogen in the air to ammonia and convert it into nitrogen-containing compounds that can be utilized by plants, thus increasing the nitrogen source of the soil. Some lytic bacteria can dissolve the combined nutrients in the soil that cannot be utilized, allowing plants to be utilized. Another example is mycorrhizal fungi which can increase root absorption capacity and surface area and promote nutrient absorption. The use of microbial fertilizer can partially replace or reduce the application of chemical fertilizers, or promote the absorption efficiency of nutrients, thereby obtaining a better growth effect.

另外,現代農業要求作物的單位產量高、產品品質要好,為達此目的,農地的物理條件和養分供應須能充分滿足作物的需求;物理條件靠耕耘使土壤之質地疏鬆,養分供應則靠土壤肥力、施肥和灌溉,但土壤中的養分供應不一定能充分滿足作物的生長 需求,若營養成分不足,則會造成植物生長之障礙;一般土壤中通常氮、磷、鉀的供應力多不充分,一些問題土壤也可能缺乏一種或多種微量元素,因此這些養份的補充通常多施以化學肥料以助滋長。然而傳統之化學肥料對土壤在使用一段時間後,常引起土壤之變異而造成栽種作物之生理障礙,因化學肥料通常是一些鹽類或化合物,除植物營養上的必須元素外,另有伴隨的成分;它們單獨地或共同地,直接地或間接地可能構成土讓和環境的污染性衝擊,尤其是土壤在長期化學肥料之使用下,久而久之使土壤鹽基累積,土壤硬化,土壤活性消失,土壤中有益之微生物與原形動物(如:蚯蚓等)消失。 In addition, modern agriculture requires high yields of crops and good product quality. To achieve this goal, the physical conditions and nutrient supply of agricultural land must be able to fully meet the needs of crops; physical conditions rely on tillage to loosen the texture of the soil, and nutrient supply depends on the soil. Fertility, fertilization and irrigation, but the nutrient supply in the soil does not necessarily adequately support crop growth Demand, if the nutrient content is insufficient, will cause obstacles to plant growth; in general, the supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil is often insufficient. Some problems may also lack one or more trace elements in the soil, so the supplement of these nutrients usually Apply more chemical fertilizer to help grow. However, traditional chemical fertilizers often cause soil variability after using the soil for a period of time, causing physiological obstacles to planting crops. Chemical fertilizers are usually salts or compounds, in addition to the essential elements of plant nutrition, accompanied by Ingredients; they may directly or indirectly directly or indirectly constitute a pollution impact of soil and the environment, especially in the use of long-term chemical fertilizers. Over time, soil bases accumulate, soils harden, soil activity disappears, Beneficial microorganisms in the soil and protozoa (eg, cockroaches, etc.) disappear.

雖有利用堆肥方法將植物枝葉或廄肥(即動物糞便)等有機分解後產生的肥料用於土壤作基肥,並藉此改良土讓之質地作用,然而此種肥料的效果很慢,成分也不均勻,且新鮮的廄肥對植物有害,要充分腐熟後才可使用,因此對於要使土壤快速具備質地疏鬆,通氣排水良好,保水力強以及肥沃之情況往往緩不濟急。 Although the fertilizer produced by the organic decomposition of plant leaves or manure (ie animal manure) by composting is used as the base fertilizer in the soil, and thereby improving the texture of the soil, the effect of the fertilizer is slow and the composition is also It is not uniform, and the fresh manure is harmful to plants. It must be fully decomposed before it can be used. Therefore, it is often difficult to make the soil quickly loose, with good ventilation and drainage, strong water retention and fertility.

本發明完全不使用以往之人造化學物質,而以天然有機物質為原料,而不會有以往之藥害問題與其他產物有鹽類堆積結晶現象,以及能有效便捷地改良土壤性質與促進作物生長後,終而有本發明之產生。 The invention does not use the conventional artificial chemicals at all, but uses the natural organic substances as raw materials, without the problem of the prior phytotoxicity and the salt accumulation crystallization of other products, and the effective and convenient improvement of soil properties and the promotion of crop growth. After that, the invention is produced.

緣此,本發明之一目的即是提供一種植物營養配方。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a plant nutritional formula.

另外,本發明之另一目的是提供一種改良土。 Additionally, it is another object of the present invention to provide an improved soil.

本發明為解決習知技術之問題所採用之技術手段係為一種植物營養配方,包括:35-45%重量份之氮肥;5-15%重量份之磷肥;15-25%重量份之鉀肥;25-35%重量份之有機質;以及0.1-5%重量份之微量元素,且該微量元素不包含重金屬元素;藉此,該植物營養配方於施用後可幫助改良土壤之物理性及化學性,有利於種植在土壤中的植物生長,且該植物營養配方可依植物種類、生長年數、營養量份之比例而有所增減。 The technical means used in the present invention to solve the problems of the prior art is a plant nutrition formula comprising: 35-45% by weight of nitrogen fertilizer; 5-15% by weight of phosphate fertilizer; 15-25% by weight of potassium fertilizer; 25-35% by weight of the organic matter; and 0.1-5% by weight of the trace element, and the trace element does not contain a heavy metal element; thereby, the plant nutritional formula can help improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil after application, It is beneficial to plant growth in the soil, and the plant nutrition formula can be increased or decreased according to the plant species, the number of years of growth, and the proportion of nutrient content.

較佳地,所述之植物營養配方,其中該氮肥較佳地由海產類廚餘或腐熟完成之雞隻排泄物所提供。 Preferably, the plant nutrient formula, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably provided by a seafood-based kitchen waste or a decomposed chicken excrement.

較佳地,所述之植物營養配方,其中該磷肥較佳地由海鳥排泄物所提供。 Preferably, the plant nutrient formulation, wherein the phosphate fertilizer is preferably provided by seabird excrement.

較佳地,所述之植物營養配方,其中該鉀肥較佳地由木灰或甘蔗渣所提供。 Preferably, the plant nutritional formula, wherein the potash is preferably provided by wood ash or bagasse.

較佳地,所述之植物營養配方,其中該微量元素包括選自由0.1-1%重量份之鎂及0.1-5%重量份之鈣所組成之群組。 Preferably, the plant nutritional formula, wherein the trace element comprises a group selected from the group consisting of 0.1-1% by weight of magnesium and 0.1-5% by weight of calcium.

較佳地,所述之植物營養配方,其中該微量元素之鈣較佳地由3%重量份之石灰所提供。 Preferably, the plant nutritional formula, wherein the calcium of the trace element is preferably provided by 3% by weight of lime.

較佳地,所述之植物營養配方,其中該微量元素進一步包括0.1%重量份之硫磺。 Preferably, the plant nutritional formula, wherein the trace element further comprises 0.1% by weight of sulfur.

較佳地,所述之植物營養配方,其中該植物營養配方較佳地製成一棒狀植物營養劑。 Preferably, the plant nutritional formula, wherein the plant nutritional formula is preferably formulated as a stick plant nutrient.

另外,本發明更提供一種改良土,其包括由上述之植物營養配方及一土壤所組成,其中該植物營養配方佔整體重量之60-80%重量份,而該土壤佔整體重量之20-40%重量份。 In addition, the present invention further provides an improved soil comprising the above-mentioned plant nutritional formula and a soil, wherein the plant nutritional formula accounts for 60-80% by weight of the total weight, and the soil accounts for 20-40 of the total weight. % by weight.

較佳地,所述之改良土,其中該土壤包括15-25%重量份的赤玉砂及5-15%重量份的壤土。 Preferably, the improved soil, wherein the soil comprises 15-25% by weight of red jade sand and 5-15% by weight of loam.

經由本發明所採用之技術手段,可調理土壤性質與促進植物生長,分解土壤中造成根系腐爛之有害物質,並促進土壤有益微生物之活動,使土質疏鬆並使植物根系發育正常吸收養分良好者。就其最顯著之具體成效而言,即是可將不適於栽種於小面積範圍之各種果樹,成功栽種於預定容積的盆栽中,並克服氣候條件不適之問題,成功達成生長、發育、結果之目的。在使用本發明之植物營養配方下,可使一般家庭之庭院、頂樓等有限空間中,皆可達成種植果樹之目的,其具有觀賞、美化、食用等優點。 Through the technical means adopted by the invention, the soil properties can be adjusted and the plant growth can be promoted, the harmful substances causing root decay in the soil can be decomposed, and the activities of the soil beneficial microorganisms can be promoted, the soil is loosened and the roots of the plants are developed normally to absorb nutrients. In terms of its most significant concrete results, it can successfully plant various fruit trees that are not suitable for planting in a small area, successfully planted in potted plants of predetermined volume, and overcome the problem of unsuitable climatic conditions, and successfully achieve growth, development, and results. purpose. Under the plant nutrition formula of the invention, the purpose of planting fruit trees can be achieved in a limited space such as a courtyard or a top floor of a general family, which has the advantages of viewing, beautifying, and eating.

以下就茲舉一較佳實施例詳述本發明之植物營養配方。本發明之植物營養配方,其包括:大約40%重量份之氮肥、10%重量份之磷肥、20%重量份之鉀肥、30%重量份之有機質以及0.1%重量份之微量元素,且該微量元素不包含重金屬元素。藉此,該植物營養配方於施用後可幫助改良土壤之物理性及化學性,有利於種植在土壤中的植物生長,且該植物營養配方可依植物種類、生長年數、營養量份之比例而有所增減。 Hereinafter, a plant nutritional formula of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to a preferred embodiment. The plant nutrition formula of the present invention comprises: about 40% by weight of nitrogen fertilizer, 10% by weight of phosphate fertilizer, 20% by weight of potassium fertilizer, 30% by weight of organic matter, and 0.1% by weight of trace elements, and the trace amount Elements do not contain heavy metal elements. Thereby, the plant nutrition formula can help improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil after application, and is beneficial to plant growth in the soil, and the plant nutrition formula can be proportioned according to plant species, growth years and nutrient content. And increase or decrease.

在上述植物營養配方中,氮肥較佳地由海產類廚餘所提供,例如魚、蝦、及各類甲殼類生物之海產類廚餘或腐熟完成之雞隻排泄物;磷肥較佳地由海鳥排泄物所提供;鉀肥較佳地由木灰或甘蔗渣所提供;微量元素包括大約0.5%重量份之鎂(可由果皮、蔬菜類廚餘提供)、0.3%重量份之鈣(該微量元素之鈣較佳地由石灰所 提供)以及0.1%重量份之硫磺。上述營養成分主要可提供植物栽種所需之營養成份,並於施用於植物時促進土壤有機質分解,提供適當之養分,促進植物根群發育及植株之健壯,對農作物有生理利用價值。 In the above plant nutrient formula, the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably provided by the marine food, such as fish, shrimp, and various types of crustaceans, marine food or cooked chicken excrement; the phosphate fertilizer is preferably by seabirds. Provided by excrement; potash is preferably provided by wood ash or bagasse; trace elements include about 0.5% by weight of magnesium (provided by peel, vegetable food), and 0.3% by weight of calcium (calcium of trace element) Preferred by lime Provided) and 0.1% by weight of sulfur. The above nutrient components mainly provide the nutrients required for plant planting, and promote the decomposition of soil organic matter when applied to plants, provide appropriate nutrients, promote the development of plant roots and the robustness of plants, and have physiological utilization value for crops.

另外,亦可在栽種時添加微生物,例如枯草芽孢桿菌(Bacillus subtilis)、乳酸菌(Enterococcus faecium)、酵母菌(Saccaromyces crecvisiae)或蟹殼內含之放線菌(Actinobacteria)等。 Further, microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis , Enterococcus faecium , yeast ( Saccaromyces crecvisiae ), or Actinobacteria contained in the crab shell may be added at the time of planting.

可對植物病原真菌和細菌具有拮抗作用,此因枯草芽孢桿菌在代謝過程中會產生多種不同抗生物質,其抗生物質為分子量在270~4500 Da間的胜肽類抗生素,其組成結構為多個胺基酸以環狀結構連接,故較不易被動植物的蛋白質酸水解,因此抑制病蟲害,加速推肥熟成,其代謝物質能促進作物生長。同時枯草芽孢桿菌之代謝產物係能溶解土壤中不易溶解的無機或有機磷化物,尤其是土壤中有先前農業施用的化學磷肥,因磷肥中有效性磷非常容易與土壤中的正離子(鈣、鐵、鋁、鎂等)結合,形成不易溶解的磷化合物,如磷酸鈣、磷酸鐵、磷酸鋁等,加上磷的流失性小,於是磷在土壤中累積,但作物不易利用,枯草芽孢桿菌能將磷酸離子和與陽離子結合部位切斷,使磷成為可溶化,促進磷之吸收,進而促使作物於土壤中磷肥的有效應用。由於枯草芽孢桿菌可產生對植物病原真菌、細菌甚或有害昆蟲等具有毒害用之抗生物質;因此可促進種子發芽、出土、固氮菌的纏據、並抑制立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani AG-4)的感染,因而促進根的生長,進而提高產量,同時對於其它原因所引起的根部或莖基部並害防治的應用效果也相當顯著。 It can antagonize phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. Bacillus subtilis produces a variety of different antibiotics in the metabolic process. Its anti-biomass is a peptide antibiotic with a molecular weight of 270~4500 Da. Its composition is multiple. Amino acids are linked by a cyclic structure, so that it is less susceptible to protein acid hydrolysis of passive plants, thereby inhibiting pests and diseases, accelerating fertilization, and metabolites can promote crop growth. At the same time, the metabolites of Bacillus subtilis are capable of dissolving inorganic or organic phosphides that are not easily dissolved in the soil, especially in the soil, which has been previously applied in agriculture, because the phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer is very easy to interact with positive ions in the soil (calcium, Iron, aluminum, magnesium, etc. combine to form a phosphorus compound that is not easily dissolved, such as calcium phosphate, iron phosphate, aluminum phosphate, etc., and the loss of phosphorus is small, so phosphorus accumulates in the soil, but the crop is not easy to use, Bacillus subtilis It can cut off the phosphate ion and the cation binding site, so that phosphorus becomes solubilized, promotes the absorption of phosphorus, and promotes the effective application of the phosphate fertilizer in the soil. Since Bacillus subtilis can produce antibiotics that are toxic to phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria or even harmful insects; it can promote seed germination, unearthing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and inhibit Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 The infection, thus promoting the growth of the roots, thereby increasing the yield, and the application effect of the roots or stem bases caused by other causes is also quite significant.

乳酸菌可分泌有機酸、過氧化氫與抗菌物質等,提高植物抵抗力,並阻止有害菌使其不能分解或腐化蛋白質,所以也能抑制有害菌產生有害物質危害植物生態;且該乳酸菌能分解因製備肥料過程中所產生的乳酸或醋酸,抑制腐敗菌和病原菌繁殖作用,且在肥料施用於農作物時,乳酸菌會大量生長增殖為優勢菌種,且由於該乳酸菌急速增加,使土壤中會得以抑制不良微生物生長。酵母菌經製作過程之發酵分解後,可將有機質中之蛋白質分解為胺基酸、多醣、澱粉,將碳水化合物、多醣與澱粉分解為寡醣及葡萄糖、果糖等,核酸分解為核苷酸以直接提供作物生長所需的各種有機營養成份,同時有可製造維生素。酵母菌會分泌蛋白酵素、幾丁酵素、幾丁酸酵素、化醣酵素、核酸分解酵素,不但有利於土壤中有機質的分解,同時又可增加農作物之抗病能力以及其它抗菌代謝物質。 Lactic acid bacteria can secrete organic acids, hydrogen peroxide and antibacterial substances, improve plant resistance, and prevent harmful bacteria from decomposing or rotifying proteins. Therefore, it can also inhibit harmful bacteria from harmful substances to harm plant ecology; and the lactic acid bacteria can decompose The lactic acid or acetic acid produced during the preparation of the fertilizer inhibits the propagation of spoilage bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, and when the fertilizer is applied to the crop, the lactic acid bacteria will grow and proliferate as the dominant species, and the lactic acid bacteria will increase rapidly, so that the soil will be inhibited. Poor microbial growth. After the yeast is decomposed by fermentation, the protein in the organic matter can be decomposed into amino acids, polysaccharides and starches, and the carbohydrates, polysaccharides and starches are decomposed into oligosaccharides, glucose, fructose, etc., and the nucleic acids are decomposed into nucleotides. Directly provide a variety of organic nutrients needed for crop growth, while also producing vitamins. Yeast secretes proteinase, chitin, chitinase, glycolytic enzymes, and nucleic acid decomposing enzymes, which not only helps the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, but also increases the disease resistance of crops and other antibacterial metabolites.

藉此,施用該植物營養配方可建立一共生共存的生活體,所以在製作該植物營養配方之過程時,可以互相生存分解有機物質,不發出惡臭而發出酸香味,並將有機物分解使其營養化,分泌出有機酸、醣類、維他命C、維他命及植物成長賀爾蒙等。 Thereby, the plant nutrient formula can be used to establish a symbiosis living body, so that in the process of making the plant nutrient formula, the organic substances can be decomposed and decomposed, the acid scent is not emitted, and the organic matter is decomposed and made nutritious. It secretes organic acids, sugars, vitamin C, vitamins and plant growth hormones.

接著就本發明之植物營養配方於使用之情況做一詳細說明;本發明之植物營養配方在施用時,將其製作為一棒狀植物營養劑,並以特定排列方式埋設於植物周邊,其會利用植物根部的分泌物或有機物產生維生素,植物生長因子,抗菌物質及生理活性物質等促進作物的細胞分裂、生長或使其他有益微生物活性化;同時可調節土壤酸鹼值,消除土壤因長期大量施用化肥造成沿基濃度障礙,產生黏液促進土壤形成團粒構造,且其所排出的氣體 形成氣壓疏鬆土壤,進而改良土壤之耕耘性,同時可將土壤中不能被植物吸收之大分子有機物分解成植物可以吸收利用之小分子養分,因此可提高肥效,減少施肥量,也可將較難吸收之無機養分轉化為植物較易吸收之形式,且有抑制病蟲害之功能,同時有機質經分解後形成所需之胺基酸提供適當養分讓農作物吸收。 Next, a detailed description will be given of the use of the plant nutrition formula of the present invention; the plant nutrition formula of the present invention is prepared as a stick plant nutrient when applied, and is embedded in the periphery of the plant in a specific arrangement, which will The use of secretions or organic matter from the roots of plants to produce vitamins, plant growth factors, antibacterial substances and physiologically active substances, etc., promotes cell division and growth of crops or activates other beneficial microorganisms; at the same time, it can regulate soil pH and eliminate soils due to long-term mass Application of chemical fertilizers causes obstacles along the base concentration, producing mucus to promote the formation of agglomerate structure in the soil, and the gas it emits The formation of air pressure loose soil, thereby improving the cultivation of the soil, and at the same time, the macromolecular organic matter in the soil that cannot be absorbed by the plant can be decomposed into small molecular nutrients that the plant can absorb and utilize, thereby improving the fertilizer efficiency and reducing the amount of fertilizer application, and it is also difficult to be The absorbed inorganic nutrients are converted into a form that plants absorb more easily, and have the function of inhibiting pests and diseases. At the same time, the organic matter is decomposed to form the desired amino acid to provide appropriate nutrients for the crops to absorb.

以下就茲舉本發明之植物營養配方應用於一作物之實驗例,加以說明本發明之功效。在此以多種果樹植株作為栽種對象,將本發明之植物營養配方製成棒狀營養劑,以上述方式進行施肥,除了克服一般果樹無法栽種於傳統盆栽的習知問題外,經一段時間後可長成完整之果樹,並正常地開花結果(如附件圖式)。 The following is an experimental example in which the plant nutrition formula of the present invention is applied to a crop to explain the effects of the present invention. Here, a plurality of fruit trees are used as planting objects, and the plant nutrition formula of the present invention is formulated into a rod-shaped nutrient, and fertilization is carried out in the above manner, in addition to overcoming the conventional problems that the fruit trees cannot be planted in the traditional potted plants, after a period of time, Growing into a complete fruit tree and normal flowering results (such as the attached schema).

另外,在證實本發明之植物營養配方確具功效後,本發明更提供一種改良土,主要是由上述之植物營養配方及一土壤所組成,其中該植物營養配方佔整體重量之60-80%重量份,而該土壤佔整體重量之20-40%重量份,該土壤包括15-25%重量份的赤玉砂及5-15%重量份的壤土。 In addition, after confirming that the plant nutritional formula of the present invention is effective, the present invention further provides an improved soil, which is mainly composed of the above-mentioned plant nutritional formula and a soil, wherein the plant nutritional formula accounts for 60-80% of the total weight. In parts by weight, the soil comprises 20-40% by weight of the total weight, and the soil comprises 15-25% by weight of red jade sand and 5-15% by weight of loam.

綜上所述,本發明之植物營養配方,所使用之原料為天然有機物質,容易在土壤中分解及被作物之根系吸收利用,且不使用以往之化學物質,不會有以往之藥害問題及有機鹽類等累積結晶現象,且可利用各微生物酵素與其成份間之反應作用,幫助土壤之物理性與化學性良好,增進栽植於土壤中之作物營養之有效性與增加土壤中營養份,補充土壤中有益微生物數量,使土壤維持在良好生態環境下發揮功能。 In summary, the plant nutrient formula of the present invention is a natural organic substance, which is easily decomposed in the soil and absorbed and utilized by the roots of the crop, and does not use the conventional chemical substances, and does not have the problem of the previous phytotoxicity. And the accumulation of crystallization phenomena such as organic salts, and the use of the reaction between each microbial enzyme and its components, to help the soil physical and chemical properties, improve the effectiveness of crops planted in the soil and increase the nutrients in the soil, Supplement the amount of beneficial microorganisms in the soil to maintain the soil in a good ecological environment.

由以上實施例可知,本發明所提供之植物營養配方及改良土確具產業上之利用價值,惟以上之敘述僅為本發明之較佳實施例 說明,凡精於此項技藝者當可依據上述之說明而作其它種種之改良,惟這些改變仍屬於本發明之精神及以下所界定之專利範圍中。 It can be seen from the above examples that the plant nutrient formula and the improved soil provided by the present invention have industrial use value, but the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is to be understood that those skilled in the art can make various other modifications in light of the above description, but such changes are still within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the invention as defined below.

Claims (10)

一種植物營養配方,包括:35-45%重量份之氮肥;5-15%重量份之磷肥;15-25%重量份之鉀肥;25-35%重量份之有機質;以及0.1-5%重量份之微量元素,且該微量元素不包含重金屬元素;藉此,該植物營養配方於施用後可幫助改良土壤之物理性及化學性,有利於種植在土壤中的植物生長,且該植物營養配方可依植物種類、生長年數、營養量份之比例而有所增減。 A plant nutritional formula comprising: 35-45% by weight of nitrogen fertilizer; 5-15% by weight of phosphate fertilizer; 15-25% by weight of potassium fertilizer; 25-35% by weight of organic matter; and 0.1-5% by weight a trace element, and the trace element does not contain a heavy metal element; thereby, the plant nutrient formula can help improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil after application, and is beneficial to plant growth in the soil, and the plant nutrition formula can be It is increased or decreased depending on the type of plant, the number of years of growth, and the proportion of nutrients. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之植物營養配方,其中該氮肥較佳地由海產類廚餘或腐熟完成之雞隻排泄物所提供。 The botanical nutritional formula according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably provided by a marine food waste or a cooked chicken waste. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之植物營養配方,其中該磷肥較佳地由海鳥排泄物所提供。 The botanical nutritional formula of claim 1, wherein the phosphate fertilizer is preferably provided by seabird excrement. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之植物營養配方,其中該鉀肥較佳地由木灰或甘蔗渣所提供。 The botanical nutritional formula of claim 1, wherein the potash is preferably provided by wood ash or bagasse. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之植物營養配方,其中該微量元素包括選自由0.1-1%重量份之鎂及0.1-5%重量份之鈣所組成之群組。 The botanical nutritional formula according to claim 1, wherein the trace element comprises a group selected from the group consisting of 0.1-1% by weight of magnesium and 0.1-5% by weight of calcium. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之植物營養配方,其中該微量元素之鈣較佳地由石灰所提供。 The botanical nutritional formula of claim 5, wherein the calcium of the trace element is preferably provided by lime. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之植物營養配方,其中該微量元素進一步包括0.1%重量份之硫磺。 The botanical nutritional formula according to claim 5, wherein the trace element further comprises 0.1% by weight of sulfur. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之植物營養配方,其中該植物營養 配方較佳地製成一棒狀植物營養劑。 The plant nutrition formula according to claim 1, wherein the plant nutrition The formulation is preferably formulated as a stick plant nutrient. 一種改良土,包括由如申請專利範圍第1項所述之植物營養配方及一土壤所組成,其中該植物營養配方佔整體重量之60-80%重量份,而該土壤佔整體重量之20-40%重量份。 An improved soil comprising the plant nutritional formula according to claim 1 and a soil, wherein the plant nutritional formula accounts for 60-80% by weight of the total weight, and the soil accounts for 20% of the total weight. 40% by weight. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之改良土,其中該土壤包括15-25%重量份的赤玉砂及5-15%重量份的壤土。 The improved soil of claim 9, wherein the soil comprises 15-25% by weight of red jade sand and 5-15% by weight of loam.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI597258B (en) * 2016-07-25 2017-09-01 Biological carbon fertilizer and its making method
CN107759361A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-03-06 芜湖诚德农业科技有限公司 A kind of pear tree fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI597258B (en) * 2016-07-25 2017-09-01 Biological carbon fertilizer and its making method
CN107759361A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-03-06 芜湖诚德农业科技有限公司 A kind of pear tree fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof

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