TW201318240A - Light emitting device, display device, and illumination device - Google Patents

Abstract

A light emitting device includes a light-transmitting substrate, first and second electrodes which are laminated on one surface of the substrate in this order, an organic light emitting layer formed between the first and second electrodes, and a first bank which partitions at least the first electrode in a predetermined region. The first bank includes a light-reflective material.

Description

Illuminating device, display device, and lighting device

The present invention relates to a light-emitting device that applies a voltage to an organic light-emitting layer to emit light, and a display device and an illumination device including the light-emitting device.

This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-198500, filed on September 12, 2011 in Japan, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-257961, filed on November 25, 2011 in Japan, and February 2012. Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-35470, filed on Sep. 21, the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire content

In recent years, with the high level of informationization in society, the demand for flat panel displays is increasing. Examples of the flat panel display include a non-self-luminous liquid crystal display (LCD), a PDP (Plasma Display Panel), and an inorganic EL (Electro Luminescence) display. Organic electroluminescence (hereinafter also referred to as "organic EL" or "organic LED") displays.

Among these flat panel displays, a light-emitting element using an organic light-emitting layer, such as an organic EL (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display, can be a mainstream of next-generation displays due to its advantages such as a thin shape and a wide viewing angle. Alternate technology is receiving attention.

In recent years, new lighting technologies such as LED (Light Emitting Diode) and organic electroluminescence (hereinafter also referred to as "organic EL" or "organic LED" have been proposed from the viewpoints of low power consumption and environmental adaptability. It has received attention instead of the previous incandescent or fluorescent lamps.

In the above light-emitting element, it is important to control the luminescent color to have a desired color, and as a means for realizing the luminescent color of the illuminating element, and by combining a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor. The method of controlling the illuminating color is also an effective means.

For example, when applied to a full color display, generally, R (red), G (green), and B (blue) colors are required. A method of separating the pixels of the RGB colors on the substrate, a method of combining the RGB color filters on the white light-emitting elements, a method of combining the phosphors on the blue light-emitting elements, and the like are known. In each method, a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor may be combined to control the luminescent color. Furthermore, the color filter or the phosphor has a function of converting the wavelength spectrum of the light incident on the light, and is hereinafter referred to as a wavelength conversion layer.

For example, in a method of separately coating pixels of RGB colors on a substrate, an effect of improving color purity and suppressing external light reflection is obtained by combining color filters of light-emitting portions of RGB colors. In a method of combining RGB color filters on a white light-emitting element and a method of combining phosphors on a blue light-emitting element, it is possible to produce a full-color display with good productivity without applying RGB to each pixel. The advantages.

Further, when applied to illumination, white is generally required, and in order to make the wavelength spectrum or color tone desired according to the illumination target, a method of combining a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor is an effective means. . In particular, in order to improve color rendering properties, to achieve a specific luminescence spectrum in a plant factory or the like, a method of combining a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor is an effective means.

In the organic EL, there are problems such as low luminous efficiency, large power consumption, short life, and low reliability. The luminous efficiency is usually expressed by ηΦ(ext)(External Quantum Efficiency)=ηext×ηΦ=ηext×γ×ηr×Φf. Here, ηΦ(ext) is the external quantum efficiency, ηext is the external light extraction efficiency, ηΦ is the internal quantum efficiency, γ is the carrier balance, ηr is the exciton generation probability, and Φf is the fluorescence quantum yield.

In recent years, with the advancement of materials, the internal quantum efficiency has indeed improved, especially with the progress of the use of triplet phosphorescent materials. However, on the other hand, light extraction efficiency remains as a major problem. In the organic EL device, since the refractive index of the organic light-emitting layer, the transparent electrode layer, and the glass substrate to be used is larger than that of air, it is impossible to extract light efficiently based on the total reflection condition of Snell's law. The amount of light extracted is usually about 15 to 30%, and most of the light is not emitted to the outside and is lost.

In the case where a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor is combined in the organic EL light-emitting portion, it is a problem to efficiently extract light from a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor.

In the above-mentioned problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which a low refractive index layer having a refractive index in the range of 1.01 to 1.3 is provided on a surface of the transparent conductive layer opposite to the light-emitting layer.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention in which a light-diffusion layer in which a light-scattering particle is diffused and dispersed in a matrix resin containing a low refractive index material between a transparent electrode layer and a light-transmitting substrate is disclosed.

Further, in Patent Document 3, a substrate surface on the side where light is extracted is disclosed. An invention is provided in which a light extraction layer containing a plurality of minute particles is provided.

Further, Patent Document 4 discloses an invention in which the light extraction efficiency is improved by making the pixel have a concave structure.

Patent Document 5 discloses an invention in which light extraction efficiency is improved by providing a reflective layer on the side surface of a pixel.

Patent Document 6 discloses an invention in which a reflective film is provided on a side surface of a phosphor layer in an organic EL device in which a phosphor layer and an organic EL light-emitting portion are combined.

[Previous Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-278477

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-296437

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2011-108395

[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-009017

[Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-009793

[Patent Document 6] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 11-329726

In the inventions disclosed in the above Patent Documents 1 to 4, although the light extraction efficiency can be improved, the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency is limited. That is, there is no countermeasure against the fact that light that propagates in the surface direction via the organic light-emitting layer or the electrode and emits to the outside is reduced.

For example, a typical refractive index of an organic light-emitting layer is about 1.8, and a typical refractive index of an insulating layer (barrier) is about 1.5 to 1.8. ITO as a transparent electrode layer. (Indium Tin Oxides, indium tin oxide) has a typical refractive index of about 2.1 to 2.2, so it is caused by a difference in refractive index with a low refractive index layer (about 1.0 to 1.3 refractive index) at the interface with the low refractive index layer. There are many components that cause total reflection. The component that causes total reflection propagates in the plane direction via the organic light-emitting layer, the insulating layer, the transparent electrode layer, or the like, and is not emitted to the outside and is lost.

The insulating layer (barrier) which divides the transparent electrode layer into each pixel region of the organic light-emitting layer previously contains a polymer material such as polymethyl methacrylate or polyimine or an inorganic material such as SiO ₂ , and the color tone is transparent or black. Therefore, the light diffused in the plane direction is absorbed by the insulating layer and lost when the insulating layer (barrier) is black. Further, when the insulating layer (barrier) is transparent (transparent), light is transmitted to the adjacent organic light-emitting layer or the transparent electrode layer via the insulating layer and is lost.

Further, Patent Literatures 5 and 6 disclose a technique for improving the light extraction efficiency by forming a reflective film on the side surface of the light-emitting portion, and Patent Document 6 discloses that the conductive film contains metal powder, metal particles, or White pigment resin, but there are problems in structure and process.

In the technique of Patent Document 5, since the reflection film on the side surface is electrically conductive, it is necessary to further provide an insulating layer on the reflection film, which complicates the process. Further, since the portion where the reflective film is formed is the side of the partition wall which is inclined with respect to the substrate, not only the process controllability at the time of production is difficult, but also the pixel opening is present in consideration of the exposure position alignment range for forming a pattern or the like. The subject of the ministry. When the pixel opening portion is small, in order to obtain a desired brightness as a display, it is necessary to increase the light emission luminance of the pixel opening portion.

In the technique of Patent Document 6, it is disclosed that the side surface of the phosphor layer is formed. The technique of a reflective film, which contains a resin containing metal powder, metal particles or white pigment as a reflective film, is not disclosed or suggested for the application of the technique to the organic EL light-emitting portion. Further, if the technique is applied to the organic EL light-emitting portion and the reflective film is formed on the side surface of the organic light-emitting portion, the problem of structure and process is caused.

First, the organic material used in the light-emitting portion of the organic EL is extremely weak against moisture, oxygen, solvent, and the like, and it is extremely difficult to form a reflective film on the side surface of the organic EL light-emitting portion in terms of process. Further, this technique has no problem in that it is not applicable to the case where the light-emitting layer is formed separately on each pixel of the organic EL, or the structure in which the light-emitting layer is separated on each pixel and formed on the entire surface. Further, when considering the light loss caused by the optical waveguide from the organic EL light-emitting portion, it is necessary to consider a guided wave other than the light-emitting portion such as an electrode. However, Patent Document 6 does not disclose or suggest any such.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device, a display device, and an illumination device that efficiently emit light emitted from an organic light-emitting layer to the outside and emit light with high luminance.

Several aspects of the present invention provide a light-emitting device, a display device, and a lighting device as shown below.

A light-emitting device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a light-transmitting substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode sequentially laminated on one surface of the substrate, and an organic light-emitting layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode And a barrier that divides at least the first electrode into a specific region, wherein the first barrier comprises a material having light reflectivity.

The second electrode may include a material having a light blocking property.

Further, the first electrode may include a material having light transmissivity.

The first barrier wall may comprise a white material.

Further, the material contained in the first barrier rib may be a material having further light diffusibility.

The first barrier rib may include a resin and fine light-reflecting particles dispersed in the resin.

Further, the light-reflective particles may have a particle diameter of 200 nm to 5 μm.

The first barrier rib includes a second barrier rib, a third barrier rib, and a light reflecting film. The second barrier rib is formed on the substrate, the light reflecting film covers the second barrier rib, and the third barrier rib covers the light reflecting film. The third barrier may comprise a material that is translucent.

The second barrier wall may be black.

The above material contained in the third barrier rib may further have light scattering properties.

The light-emitting device according to an aspect of the present invention may further include a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the substrate between the substrate and the first electrode.

The light-emitting device of one aspect of the present invention may further have a wavelength conversion layer disposed between the substrate and the first electrode.

Moreover, the light-emitting device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a second barrier rib on a side surface of the wavelength conversion layer, and the second barrier rib may include a material having light reflectivity.

The light-emitting device of one aspect of the present invention may further comprise a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the substrate between the substrate and the wavelength conversion layer, or between the substrate and the first electrode. Floor.

A display device according to another aspect of the present invention includes the above-described light-emitting device and a driving unit that controls light emission of the light-emitting device with respect to the light-emitting device.

In another aspect of the invention, the illumination device includes the above-described light-emitting device and a driving unit that controls the light-emitting of the light-emitting device with respect to the light-emitting device.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a light-emitting device, a display device, and a lighting device having high luminous efficiency (high luminance) can be provided.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a light-emitting device, a display device, and an electronic device according to aspects of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the embodiment shown below is specifically described in order to better understand the gist of the invention, and the aspect of the invention is not limited unless otherwise specified. In addition, in order to make the features of the aspect of the present invention easy to understand, the drawings used in the following description may be enlarged in part for convenience, and the dimensional ratios of the respective constituent elements may not be the same as the actual conditions. .

(Light-emitting device: First embodiment)

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a first embodiment.

The light-emitting device 10 has a light-transmitting substrate 11, a first electrode (lower electrode) 12, a second electrode (upper electrode) 13, and an organic light-emitting layer 14. The first electrode (lower electrode) 12 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 are sequentially laminated on one surface 11a of the substrate 11. The organic light emitting layer 14 is formed between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13.

Further, a barrier (insulating layer) 15 for dividing the first electrode 12 into a plurality of specific regions is formed on one surface 11a of the substrate 11. The barrier rib 15 corresponds to, for example, a region corresponding to one pixel of the organic light-emitting layer 14, and divides the first electrode 12 into a plurality of regions, so that the divided first electrodes 12 are electrically insulated from each other.

As the manufacturing process, for example, a first electrode (lower electrode) 12 is formed on the substrate 11, and a barrier 15 is formed thereafter, and an organic light-emitting layer 14 and a second electrode (upper electrode) 13 are formed. Since the material used for the organic EL is extremely resistant to moisture, oxygen, and the like, it is preferable to perform a sufficient dehydration step (baking) before forming the organic light-emitting layer 14, that is, after forming the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 and the barrier 15 Step, vacuum drying step, etc.).

The substrate 11 contains a light transmissive material such as glass, a transparent resin, or the like. As a specific example, a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm which is frequently used in a liquid crystal display or the like can be used.

The first electrode (lower electrode) 12 may be a transparent electrode, and for example, ITO (Indium-tin-oxide) or ZnO (Zinc oxide) may be used. The thickness of the first electrode 12 is, for example, about 100 nm. Further, the first electrode 12 is usually an anode or a cathode, and in this case, a material having a low work function is used. Further, in order to reduce wiring resistance and the like, auxiliary wiring may be provided in combination. The auxiliary wiring may be formed of a metal material such as Al, Ag, Ta, Ti, Ni, or the like.

The first electrode (lower electrode) 12 is divided into a plurality of specific regions by a barrier (insulating layer) 15. In the case where the light-emitting device of the present embodiment is used as a display device (organic EL display), it is only necessary to use the first electrode (the lower electrode) The pole 12 is divided into each region corresponding to one pixel.

The second electrode (upper electrode) 13 may be in a light-shielding property or a light-transmitting property. When the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 is non-transmissive such as light-shielding property or reflective property, it is a so-called bottom-emission type light-emitting device. Moreover, when the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 is translucent, it becomes a double-sided light-emitting type light-emitting device. The second electrode 13 usually forms a cathode, and in the case of being non-translucent, LiF/Al, MgAg/Al, Ba/Al, Ca/Ag, or the like can be used. Further, in the case of light transmittance, LiF/ITO, MgAg/IZO Indium Zinc Oxide, indium tin oxide or the like can be used. Further, the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 may be an anode. In this case, a material having a high work function such as ITO or the like can be preferably used.

In addition to these, various well-known electrode materials can be used as the electrode material for forming the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13. In the case of the anode, in order to inject a hole into the organic light-emitting layer 14 more efficiently, as the transparent electrode material, gold (Au), platinum (Pt), and nickel having a working function of 4.5 eV or more are mentioned. a metal such as (Ni), and an oxide (ITO) containing indium (In) and tin (Sn), an oxide (SnO ₂ ) of tin (Sn), and an oxide containing indium (In) and zinc (Zn) ( IZO) and so on.

Further, as an electrode material for forming a cathode, in order to inject electrons into the organic light-emitting layer 14 more efficiently, lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), cesium (Ce) having a working function of 4.5 eV or less can be cited. A metal such as barium (Ba) or aluminum (Al) or an alloy such as Mg:Ag alloy or Li:Al alloy containing the metals.

The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13 can use the above materials and are subjected to EB (electron-beam) evaporation, sputtering, ion plating. A known method such as a method or a resistance heating vapor deposition method is used, but the present invention is not limited to these formation methods. Further, the formed electrode may be patterned by photolithography or laser lift-off as needed, or the patterned electrode may be directly formed by combining with a shadow mask. The film thickness is preferably 50 nm or more. When the film thickness is less than 50 nm, the wiring resistance becomes high, so that the driving voltage is increased.

The organic light-emitting layer (organic EL light-emitting body) 14 emits light of a specific wavelength band by a voltage applied between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13. The organic light-emitting layer (organic EL light-emitting body) 14 may be a single layer, and usually may also include a plurality of layers, for example, α-NPD (N, N'-di(naphthalene-1-yl)-N, N'-diphenylbenzidine, may be used. N,N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-diphenyl-benzidine) and Alq3 (Aluminium tris (quinolin-8-olate), tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum) Laminated film, etc. Further, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, and a hole barrier layer are formed between the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 as an anode and the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 as a cathode. The case of a multilayer organic light-emitting layer such as an electron transport layer or an electron injection layer.

In addition to these layers, active research is being carried out on the use of various layers such as MoO ₃ layer, C ₆₀ layer, fullerene layer, and content sub-dot layer, and it is needless to say that these embodiments can be applied. . A light-emitting element using a content sub-dot layer is called a QLED (Quantum-dot light-emitting diode). Further, a so-called series structure of a laminated light-emitting region can also be used. The film thickness of the layer disposed between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13 is usually about 10 nm in each layer. Of course, the light-emitting element that has not been invented at present, the light-emitting element that has not been generally recognized, and the like can be applied to the embodiment of the present embodiment as long as the configuration of the present embodiment is adopted.

Specific examples of the layer structure of the organic light-emitting layer 14 include the following configurations, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

(1) Organic light-emitting layer

(2) hole transport layer / organic light-emitting layer

(3) Organic light-emitting layer/electron transport layer

(4) Hole transport layer / organic light-emitting layer / electron transport layer

(5) Hole injection layer/hole transmission layer/organic light-emitting layer/electron transport layer

(6) Hole injection layer/hole transmission layer/organic light-emitting layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer

(7) Hole injection layer/hole transmission layer/organic light-emitting layer/hole blocking layer/electron transport layer

(8) Hole injection layer/hole transmission layer/organic light-emitting layer/hole blocking layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer

(9) Hole injection layer/hole transmission layer/electron barrier layer/organic light-emitting layer/hole barrier layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer

Here, each of the organic light-emitting layer, the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the hole barrier layer, the electron blocking layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.

The organic light-emitting layer 14 may include only the organic light-emitting material exemplified below, and may also include a combination of a light-emitting dopant and a host material, and may optionally include a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and an additive (donor, acceptor). Alternatively, the material may be dispersed in a polymer material (adhesive resin) or an inorganic material. From the point of view of luminous efficiency and longevity In other words, it is preferred to disperse the luminescent dopant in the host material.

As the organic light-emitting material, a known light-emitting material for an organic light-emitting layer can be used. The above-mentioned luminescent material is classified into a low molecular luminescent material, a polymer luminescent material, etc., and the specific compounds are exemplified below, but the present embodiment is not limited to these materials. Further, the luminescent material may be classified into a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material, and from the viewpoint of low power consumption, it is preferred to use a phosphorescent material having a high luminous efficiency.

Here, specific compounds are exemplified below, but the present embodiment is not limited to these materials.

As the luminescent dopant which is optionally contained in the light-emitting layer, a known dopant material for the organic light-emitting layer can be used. As the above dopant material, for example, as the ultraviolet light-emitting material, p-tetraphenyl, 3,5,3,5-tetra-t-butylhexabenzene, 3,5,3,5-tetra-t-butyl group can be cited. - Fluorescent materials such as p-pentene. Examples of the blue light-emitting material include a fluorescent material such as a styrene derivative, and bis[(4,6-difluorophenyl)-pyridine-N,C2']pyridinecarboxamide (III) (FIrpic). A phosphorescent organic metal complex such as bis(4',6'-difluorophenylpyridine)tetrakis(1-pyrazolyl)borate (III) (FIr ₆ ).

Further, as a host material when a dopant is used, a known host material for organic EL can be used. Examples of the host material include the above-mentioned low molecular light-emitting material and polymer light-emitting material, 4,4′-bis(carbazole)biphenyl, 9,9-bis(4-dicarbazole-benzyl)fluorene (CPF). , 9,9-di(4-dicarbazole-benzyl)fluorene), 3,6-bis(triphenylphosphonyl)carbazole (mCP), (PCF (Phenyl Chloroformate)) An aniline derivative such as 4-(diphenylphosphoryl)-N,N-diphenylaniline (HM-A1), 1,3-double (9- Phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)benzene (mDPFB, 1,3-bis(9-phenyl-9H-fluorene-9-yl)benzene), 1,4-bis(9-phenyl-9H-oxime) -9-yl)benzene (pDPFB, 1,4-bis(9-phenyl-9H-fluorene-9-yl)benzene) and the like.

In order to more efficiently inject charges (holes, electrons) from the electrodes and transfer (inject) charges (holes, electrons) to the light-emitting layer, the charge injection transport layer is divided into charge injection layers (hole injection layers, electron injection layers). And the charge transport layer (the hole transport layer, the electron transport layer), the charge injection transport layer may include only the charge injection transport material exemplified below, and may optionally contain an additive (such as a donor, a receptor, etc.), or may be These materials are dispersed in a polymer material (adhesive resin) or an inorganic material.

As the charge injection transport material, a known charge transport material for an organic light-emitting layer can be used. The charge injection transport material is classified into a hole injection transport material and an electron injection transport material. The specific compounds are exemplified below, but the present embodiment is not limited to these materials.

Examples of the hole injecting hole transporting material include oxides such as vanadium oxide (V ₂ O ₅ ) and molybdenum oxide (MoO ₃ ), inorganic p-type semiconductor materials, porphyrin compounds, and N, N'-double (3). -Methylphenyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)-benzidine (TPD, N, N'-Bis(3-methylphenyl)-N, N'-bis(phenyl)-benzidine), N, Aromatic tertiary amine compounds such as N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-diphenyl-benzidine (NPD), hydrazine compounds, quinacridone compounds, styrylamine compounds, etc. Molecular materials; polyaniline (PANI, polyaniline), polyaniline-camphorsulfonic acid (PANI-CSA (Camphorsulfonic acid)), poly(3,4-dioxyethylthiophene) / polystyrenesulfonic acid (PEDOT (poly( 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene))/ PSS(poly(styrene-4-sulfonate)), poly(triphenylamine) derivative (Poly-TPD), polyvinylcarbazole (PVCz, polyvinylcarbazole), poly(p-phenylacetylene) (PPV, poly(p-phenylene vinylene), poly(p-naphthalene vinylene) (PNV, poly(p-naphthalene vinylene)) and other polymer materials.

Further, as a material for the hole injection layer, it is preferable to use the highest energy occupying layer (HOMO, Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) lower than the electric power in terms of the anode injection and the transmission hole. The material used for the hole transport layer is injected into the material of the transport material. As the hole transport layer, it is preferable to use a material having a mobility higher than that of the hole injection transport material used in the hole injection layer.

Further, in order to further improve the injection and transportability of the hole, it is preferable to dope the dopant in the hole injection transport material. As the acceptor, a known acceptor material for an organic light-emitting layer can be used. The specific compounds are exemplified below, but the present embodiment is not limited to these materials.

Examples of the acceptor material include inorganic materials such as Au, Pt, W, Ir, POCl ₃ , AsF ₆ , Cl, Br, I, vanadium oxide (V ₂ O ₅ ), and molybdenum oxide (MoO ₃ ); TCNQ (7) , 7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane, 7,7,8,8,-tetracyanoquinone dimethane), TCNQF ₄ (Tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane, tetrafluorotetracyanoquinone dimethane), TCNE (Tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanoethylene), Compounds with cyano group such as HCNB (Hexacyanobutadiene, hexacyanobutadiene), DDQ (Dichloro Dicyane Benzoquinone), TNF (2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone, trinitrofluorenone) ), a compound having a nitro group such as DNF (2,7-dinitro-9-fluorenone, dinitrofluorenone), an organic material such as tetrafluorophenylhydrazine, tetrachlorophenylhydrazine or tetrabromophenylhydrazine.

Among them, a compound having a cyano group such as TCNQ, TCNQF ₄ , TCNE, HCNB or DDQ can increase the carrier concentration more effectively, and thus is more preferable.

As the electron injecting electron transporting material, for example, an inorganic material which is an n-type semiconductor can be cited. Diazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, sulfur dioxide Low molecular materials such as derivatives, benzoquinone derivatives, naphthoquinone derivatives, anthracene derivatives, biphenyl hydrazine derivatives, anthrone derivatives, benzodifuran derivatives, poly( Polymer materials such as oxadiazole (Poly-OXZ, Poly-oxadiazole) and polystyrene derivatives (PSS). In particular, examples of the electron injecting material include fluorides such as lithium fluoride (LiF) and barium fluoride (BaF ₂ ), and oxides such as lithium oxide (Li ₂ O).

In terms of more efficient injection and transport of electrons from the cathode, as a material for the electron injecting layer, it is preferable to use a lower unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) having a higher energy level than the electron transporting layer. As the material for the electron transporting layer to be used, as the material for the electron transporting layer, it is preferable to use a material having a higher electron mobility than the electron injecting and transporting material used in the electron injecting layer.

Further, in order to further improve the injection and transportability of electrons, it is preferable to dope the above-described electron injecting and transporting material. As the donor, a known donor material for the organic light-emitting layer can be used. The specific compounds are exemplified below, but the present embodiment is not limited to these materials.

As the donor material, there are the following: alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth element, inorganic materials such as Al, Ag, Cu, In; aniline, phenylenediamine, benzidine (N, N, N', N '-Tetraphenylbenzidine, N,N'-bis-(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-bis-(phenyl)-benzidine, N,N'-di(naphthalene-1- (), N, N'-diphenyl-benzidine, etc.), triphenylamines (triphenylamine, 4,4',4"-tris(N,N-diphenyl-amino)-triphenylamine, 4 , 4',4"-tris(N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenyl-amino)-triphenylamine, 4,4',4"-tris(N-(1-naphthyl)-N -phenyl-amino)-triphenylamine, etc., triphenyldiamine (N,N'-di-(4-methyl-phenyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1,4- Phenylenediamine) is equivalent to a compound containing an aromatic tertiary amine in the skeleton, a condensed polycyclic compound such as phenanthrene, anthracene, anthracene, anthracene, fused tetraphenyl or fused pentabenzene (wherein the condensed polycyclic compound may have a substituent), TTF (tetrathiafulvalene, tetrathiafulvalene), dibenzofuran, phenolthiophene , carbazole and other organic materials. Among them, a compound containing an aromatic tertiary amine in the skeleton, a condensed polycyclic compound, or an alkali metal is more preferable because it can increase the carrier concentration more effectively.

The organic light-emitting layer such as the light-emitting layer, the hole transport layer, the electron transport layer, the hole injection layer, and the electron injection layer can be formed by using a coating liquid for forming an organic light-emitting layer in which the material is dissolved and dispersed in a solvent. Printing by a spin coating method, a dip coating method, a doctor blade method, a spray coating method, a spray coating method, or the like, or an inkjet method, a letterpress printing method, a gravure printing method, a screen printing method, a micro gravure coating method, or the like It is formed by a known wet process such as a method, and the above materials may be subjected to a resistance heating vapor deposition method, an electron beam (EB, Electron-Beam) vapor deposition method, or a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method. It is formed by a known dry process such as a sputtering method, an organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD) method, or a laser transfer method. Further, in the case where the organic light-emitting layer is formed by a wet process, the coating liquid for forming the organic light-emitting layer may further contain an additive for adjusting the physical properties of the coating liquid such as a leveling agent or a viscosity modifier.

The film thickness of each of the layers constituting the organic light-emitting layer 14 is usually from about 1 nm to about 1000 nm, preferably from 10 nm to 200 nm. If the film thickness is less than 10 nm, the physical properties (charge injection characteristics, transport characteristics, and sealing characteristics) which are originally required cannot be obtained. In addition, there are defects in pixels caused by foreign matter such as dust. Moreover, when the film thickness exceeds 200 nm, the driving voltage rises due to the resistance component of the organic light-emitting layer, and the power consumption increases.

The barrier (insulating layer) 15 that divides the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 into a plurality of specific regions (for example, pixels) contains a material having at least light reflectivity. As the material having light reflectivity, a material having a white color tone is preferably used. Further, it is also preferred to use a material having light diffusibility in addition to light reflectivity. In the case of a lighting device or the like, the area may be one or a plurality of areas may be formed.

In the case of only light reflectivity, the distribution of the extracted light varies greatly depending on the angle of the barrier side with respect to the substrate or the shape of the barrier. Therefore, in order to obtain a desired light distribution, it is necessary to face the barrier side with respect to the substrate. The angle or the shape of the barrier is controlled as appropriate. On the other hand, if the barrier has whiteness and light scattering properties in addition to the light reflectivity, the direction of the light reflected on the barrier is enlarged, so that the distribution of the extracted light is then dependent on the angle of the side of the barrier relative to the substrate or The shape of the barrier is easy to obtain a natural distribution of light.

For example, a high-reflectance white solder resist disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei. No. 2007-322546, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. Hei. Insulation layer) 15. Alternatively, a method in which particles such as TiO ₂ are dispersed in a photosensitive resin such as polyimide or acrylic to impart functions such as light reflectivity, light scattering property, and whiteness is also effective. Further, the barrier 15 may be formed using a resin containing a reflective metal such as silver (Ag).

The barrier (insulating layer) 15 is formed on one surface 11a of the light-transmitting substrate 11 in a specific pattern. In order to pattern the barrier rib 15 in a specific shape, a known manufacturing method used in a semiconductor manufacturing step, a liquid crystal panel manufacturing step, or the like, such as a method of adding titanium oxide particles to a photo-sensitive resin by photolithography, can be applied. A method of patterning the original; a titanium oxide particle or the like is added to the resin, and a photoresist pattern is formed thereon, and a resin layer to which the titanium oxide particles are added is etched into a specific pattern. method.

The film thickness of the barrier 15 is, for example, 1 μm to 5 μm in a substantially suitable range, and an appropriate film thickness can be selected depending on the purpose. For example, a barrier of a height of 100 nm to 10 μm can be used, and the effect of this embodiment can be obtained in either case.

Before the light emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 14 is reflected by the barrier 15 , the total reflection is repeated, and the light loss is poor in each total reflection. Therefore, the barriers 15 adjacent to each other (opening diameter) are preferably spaced apart from each other. Not too big. Adjacent barriers 15 are spaced from each other by 50 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm, 1 mm, 500 μm, 100 μm, 50 μm, 20 μm, and the like.

When the barrier 15 is light-scattering, it is preferable to disperse fine light-reflecting particles in the resin constituting the barrier 15 . The particle diameter of the light-reflective particles is preferably from 200 nm to 5 μm. Thereby, the barrier 15 can have light reflectivity, and can also have light scattering properties that cause the direction of reflection of light to become random.

Further, the barrier 15 also functions to prevent leakage of the edge portion of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12. That is, in the case where the organic light-emitting layer 14 is formed on the first electrode 12, the film thickness of the organic light-emitting layer 14 is thinned on the end surface of the first electrode 12. Therefore, a short circuit easily occurs between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13. By arranging the barrier rib 15 in the above region, it is possible to prevent a short circuit. In this case, the barrier rib 15 is a constituent generally referred to as an edge cover or an insulating layer.

Further, in the case where the organic light-emitting layer 14 is formed by a wet process such as inkjet, the barrier 15 prevents the liquid applied to the pixel region of the substrate 11 from flowing to the adjacent pixel region. In order to further improve the above functions, it is also preferable to carry out a treatment for imparting liquid repellency to the barrier ribs 15.

The action of the light-emitting device having the above configuration will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, when a voltage of a specific voltage value is applied between the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 of the light-emitting device 10, it is injected into the organic light-emitting layer 14 by using The organic light-emitting layer 14 emits light by exciton generated by recombination of electrons and holes.

Among the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 14, the light F1 emitted in the direction toward the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 12 passes through the first electrode 12 and the transparent substrate 11 and is emitted to the outside.

Further, among the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 14, the light F2 emitted in the direction toward the non-transmissive second electrode (upper electrode) 13 is reflected on the surface of the second electrode 13, and is again transmitted through the organic light. The layer 14 is transmitted through the first electrode 12 and the transparent substrate 11 to the outside.

On the other hand, among the light (excitation light) emitted by the organic light-emitting layer 14, The light F3 emitted from the surface expansion direction (the direction perpendicular to the lamination direction) is incident on the barrier rib 15. Since the light entering the barrier 15 includes a material having light reflectivity, the light that is incident on the barrier 15 reflects the light incident and is preferably diffused. Further, the light F3 reflected by the barrier 15 is also transmitted to the outside through the first electrode 12 and the substrate 11.

As described above, according to the light-emitting device 10 of the present embodiment, since the barrier 15 has light reflectivity, the light F3 emitted toward the barrier 15 is not absorbed by the barrier 15 or guided by the barrier 15 and is lost. Further, the light F3 emitted toward the barrier 15 is reflected by the barrier 15 and emitted from the substrate 11 to the outside, whereby the light extraction efficiency can be greatly improved.

That is, the concept of the conventional light-emitting device is to improve the light extraction efficiency by controlling the refractive index or scattering property or shape of the organic light-emitting layer. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer is enclosed. Light is not propagated in the direction of the barrier 15 in the area surrounded by the barrier 15 . According to the above configuration, the light emission can be limited only to the direction in which the light is to be extracted, and can be efficiently extracted without losing light. Thereby, the light extraction efficiency can be greatly improved as compared with the previously known light-emitting device.

Further, the barrier 15 preferably further comprises a material which is required to have light reflectivity and thus diffuse reflectivity and scattering without being unidirectionally reflected. Compared with the one-way reflection, the diffuse reflection and the scatterer reflect the light incident on the barrier rib 15 in a random direction, thereby further improving the light extraction efficiency.

Further, it is preferable that the position of the barrier rib 15 is disposed so as to cover all of the periphery of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 patterned in a specific shape by the barrier rib 15. However, even if the barrier 15 covers only a part of it, light extraction efficiency can be obtained. Improve the effect. In the case where the light-reflective barrier is disposed only for the length of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12, for example, when the light-reflective barrier is disposed for only 1% of the length, the light is guided from the remaining 99% of the length in the surface expansion direction and is lost. The effect of improving light extraction efficiency is limited.

The problem that the light emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 14 is diffused in the surface expansion direction or is reflected by the light-reflective barrier 15 and extracted from the substrate 11 side is the length of the barrier 15 and the first electrode 12 The ratio of the length of the perimeter is related. For example, if the light extraction efficiency is 25% in the case where the light reflective barrier is not used, the loss portion becomes 75%. If the ratio of the arrangement length of the barrier ribs 15 to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 is 10%, about 7.5% of the light can be extracted by the estimated amount, and the total light extraction efficiency is 32.5%, with respect to the non-light reflective barrier 15 being formed. In the case of the case, the extraction efficiency is 25%, and the efficiency is increased by about 30%.

However, if the ratio of the length of the barrier rib 15 to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 is 1%, the light extraction is increased by only 0.75% at the maximum, and the total light extraction efficiency is only 25.75%. The light extraction efficiency is 25% with respect to the case where the light-reflective barrier 15 is not provided, and only 3% is improved, and the effect obtained is extremely small.

From the above viewpoints, the ratio of the length of the barrier 15 disposed to the peripheral length of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 is desirably 100%, and if it is about 5% or more, the corresponding light extraction efficiency is improved. effect.

When the ratio of the arrangement length of the barrier 15 to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 is 5%, the light extracted by the light-reflective barrier 15 is at most 3.75% (75% × 5%), which is 27.75 in total. %. Relative to the unset light In the case of the reflective barrier 15, the light extraction efficiency is increased by 15% by 25%, which is a significant improvement.

However, since the light loss of the other components or the loss due to the guided waves in the substrate 11 is substantially present, it is preferable to arrange the length of the light-reflective barrier 15 with respect to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12. The ratio is preferably 50% or more, and particularly preferably 100%.

The problem of the ratio of the length of the barrier 15 disposed to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 is determined, for example, according to the shape when the barrier 15 is patterned.

If it is considered in the usual case, it is not difficult to cover all the periphery of the first electrode 12 by the barrier rib 15, and it is also considered to suppress the leakage between the second electrode 13 and the first electrode 12 and prevent the formation by the wet process. When the coating liquid flows toward the adjacent pixels, it is preferable to cover all the periphery of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 by the light reflective barrier 15 .

Further, in order to ensure reliability, the light-emitting device 10 is preferably sealed by a suitable method. A known method or the like can be used for the method of sealing. For example, a method of using a can seal and a desiccant, a method of sealing a glass and a desiccant, a method of sealing a glass frit, a method of bonding a film for suppressing moisture permeability, and a glass may be mentioned.

(Light-emitting device: second embodiment)

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a second embodiment.

The light-emitting device 20 has a light-transmitting substrate 21, a first electrode (lower electrode) 22, a second electrode (upper electrode) 23, and an organic light-emitting layer 24. The first electrode (lower electrode) 22 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 23 are sequentially laminated on the substrate 21 on one side 21a. The organic light emitting layer 24 is formed between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23. Further, a light reflective barrier (insulating layer) 25 that divides the first electrode 22 into a plurality of specific regions is formed on one surface 21a of the substrate 21.

The configuration of the organic light-emitting layer 24 of the present embodiment is different from that of the organic light-emitting layer 14 of the first embodiment. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

Further, in this embodiment, for example, the organic light-emitting layer 24 is formed by dividing each pixel into pixels. That is, in the first embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 14 is formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier 15 (see FIG. 1). In the second embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 24 is formed by the upper portion of the barrier 25 (second electrode side). ) Separated into multiples. Thereby, light propagating in the organic light-emitting layer 24 and propagating in the surface expansion direction can be blocked, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.

(Light-emitting device: third embodiment)

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a third embodiment.

The light-emitting device 30 has a light-transmitting substrate 31, a first electrode (lower electrode) 32, a second electrode (upper electrode) 33, and an organic light-emitting layer 34. The first electrode (lower electrode) 32 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 33 are sequentially laminated on one surface 31a of the substrate 31. The organic light-emitting layer 34 is formed between the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33. Further, a light-reflective barrier (insulating layer) 35 that divides the first electrode 32 and the organic light-emitting layer 34 into a plurality of specific regions is formed on one surface 31a of the substrate 31.

The configuration of the organic light-emitting layer 34 of the present embodiment is different from that of the organic light-emitting layer 14 of the first embodiment. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 34 is divided into pixels by, for example, the barrier ribs 35. That is, in the first embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 14 is formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier rib 15 (see FIG. 1). In the third embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 24 is divided into a plurality of barrier ribs 35. Thereby, the light propagating in the organic light-emitting layer 24 and propagating in the surface expansion direction can be blocked, and the light emitted from the side cross section (the cross section in the thickness direction) of the organic light-emitting layer 24 can also be reflected by the light-reflective barrier 35. The light extraction efficiency can be further improved.

In the second embodiment or the third embodiment, the method of forming the regions in which the organic light-emitting layers 24 and 34 are formed within a specific range is, for example, a mask evaporation method. Laser coating, printing, etc., wet coating, LITI (Laser Induced Thermal Imaging), LIPS (laser Induced Pattern wise Sublimation), etc. A photobleaching method or the like can be used.

(Light-emitting device: fourth embodiment)

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a fourth embodiment.

The light-emitting device 40 has a light-transmitting substrate 41, a low refractive index layer 46, a first electrode (lower electrode) 42, a second electrode (upper electrode) 43, and an organic light-emitting layer 44. The low refractive index layer 46, the first electrode (lower electrode) 42, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 43 are sequentially laminated on one surface 41a of the substrate 41. The organic light-emitting layer 44 is formed between the first electrode 42 and the second electrode 43. Further, a light reflective barrier (insulating layer) 45 that divides the first electrode 42 into a plurality of specific regions is formed on one surface of the low refractive index layer 46.

The light-emitting device 40 of the present embodiment has a low refractive index layer 46 and The first embodiment is different. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, a low refractive index layer 46 having a lower refractive index than the substrate 41 is formed between the substrate 41 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 42. The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the substrate, and is desirably the same as the refractive index of air, and is preferably 1.0.

By forming the above-described low refractive index layer 46, the light extraction efficiency can be further improved. That is, when the refractive index of the air (outer gas) is 1.0 and the refractive index of the substrate 41 is 1.5, when the low refractive index layer 46 is not provided, the light emitted from the organic light-emitting layer directly enters the air from the substrate ( External air) interface, but due to the difference in refractive index at the interface between the substrate and the air (outer air), the light from the normal deviation angle greater than 42° is totally reflected.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, when the low refractive index layer 46 having a refractive index of 1.2 is provided, the angle from the normal line is greater than 53° at the interface between the substrate 41 and the air (outside air). The light is totally reflected, but the light that is reflected is reflected by the light-reflective barrier 45 or the like and is extracted to the outside. That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, at the interface between the substrate 41 and the air (outside air), the light which is deviated from the normal angle of 42° to 53° is totally reflected and is not extracted, but is self-organized. In the angle of the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 44, only light of 42° to 53° is not extracted, and the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency by forming the low refractive index layer 46 is large.

Further, regarding the thickness in the configuration shown in FIG. 4, the distance from the organic light-emitting layer 44 to the interface between the first electrode 42 and the low refractive index layer 46 is about 100 nm to several 10 μm, from the first electrode 42. Interface with low refractive index layer 46 The distance from the interface between the substrate 41 and the air (outer air) is 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.

Further, when the light reflective barrier is not provided and only the low refractive index layer 46 is formed, the light jumped back at the interface between the first electrode 42 and the low refractive index layer 46 is unidirectionally reflected in the plane expansion direction. Diffusion, light extraction efficiency is not so improved. Therefore, by using the light-reflective barrier 45 and the low-refractive-index layer 46 in combination, a large effect of improving the light extraction efficiency can be obtained.

(Light-emitting device: fifth embodiment)

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a fifth embodiment.

The light-emitting device 50 has a light-transmitting substrate 51, a low refractive index layer 56, a first electrode (lower electrode) 52, a second electrode (upper electrode) 53, and an organic light-emitting layer 54. The low refractive index layer 56, the first electrode (lower electrode) 52, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 53 are sequentially laminated on one surface 51a of the substrate 51. The organic light emitting layer 54 is formed between the first electrode 52 and the second electrode 53. Further, a light reflective barrier (insulating layer) 55 that divides the first electrode 52 and the organic light-emitting layer 54 into a plurality of specific regions is formed on one surface of the low refractive index layer 56.

The light-emitting device 50 of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the organic light-emitting layer 54 and the low refractive index layer 56. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. Further, the configuration of the low refractive index layer 56 is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

In this embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 54 is divided by the barrier 55 into, for example, individual pixels. That is, in the fourth embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 44 is formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier ribs 45 (see FIG. 4). In the fifth embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 54 is divided into a plurality of barrier ribs 55. Thereby, the organic light-emitting layer 54 can be The light propagating in the direction of the surface expansion is interrupted, and the light emitted from the side cross section (the cross section in the thickness direction) of the organic light-emitting layer 54 can also be reflected by the light-reflective barrier 55, and the low refractive index layer 56 can be formed simultaneously. Further improve light extraction efficiency.

(Light-emitting device: sixth embodiment)

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of the first embodiment.

The light-emitting device 310 includes a light-transmitting substrate 311, a wavelength conversion layer 315, a translucent first electrode (lower electrode) 312, an organic light-emitting layer 314, a second electrode (upper electrode) 313, and a barrier 317. The wavelength conversion layer 315, the translucent first electrode (lower electrode) 312, the organic light-emitting layer 314, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 313 are sequentially laminated on one surface 311a of the substrate 311. The barrier 317 is disposed so as to be in contact with at least a side surface of the organic light-emitting layer 314 which is diffused in the stacking direction. The barrier 317 described above includes a material having light reflectivity.

The light-emitting device 310 of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it has the wavelength conversion layer 315. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

The barrier 317 is formed to divide, for example, an area corresponding to one pixel of the organic light-emitting layer 314. In the case of a lighting device or the like, the area may be only one or a plurality of areas may be formed.

As the manufacturing process, for example, a process such as forming a wavelength conversion layer 315 on the substrate 311, and then forming a first electrode (lower electrode) 12, and then forming a barrier 317, thereby forming an organic light-emitting layer 314 and a second electrode (upper portion) may be used. Electrode) 313. Since the material used for the organic EL is extremely weak against moisture, oxygen, and the like, it is preferable to form the first before the organic light-emitting layer 314 is formed. After the electrode (lower electrode) 312 and the barrier 317, a sufficient dehydration step (baking step, vacuum drying step, etc.) is performed.

Further, it is preferable to insert either or both of the interlayer film, the planarization film, the second substrate, and the like between the wavelength conversion layer 315 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 312.

The wavelength conversion layer 315 can be formed of a color filter, a phosphor, or the like.

In the case where the wavelength conversion layer 315 is formed by a color filter, the color filter can be produced using a color filter material which is generally used in a liquid crystal display or the like. Further, when a color filter is added with scattering particles or the like to impart scattering property to the color filter, the light distribution after passing through the color filter is isotropic, which is preferable.

When the wavelength conversion layer 315 is formed in the form of a phosphor layer, it may be formed by a mixture of a phosphor and a polymer resin. As the phosphor, an inorganic phosphor, an organic phosphor, an organic/inorganic hybrid phosphor, a quantum dot phosphor, or the like can be used. Further, the phosphor may include a plurality of materials such as a host-guest type.

Further, as the wavelength conversion layer 315, it is preferable to laminate the phosphor layer and the color filter layer. Usually, the emitted light is first incident on the phosphor layer, and the light emitted from the phosphor layer is laminated to the outside through the color filter. In this case, the color filter layer serves to adjust the wavelength spectrum to an appropriate one and suppress the reflection of external light.

Further, it is also preferable to laminate a black matrix layer on either of the phosphor layer and the color filter layer. Further, it is also preferable to laminate a black matrix layer on the laminated film of the phosphor layer and the color filter layer. In such cases, The black matrix layer has the effect of suppressing the reflection of external light, which is advantageous for improving the contrast in a bright room environment.

The action of the light-emitting device 310 configured as described above will be described.

As shown in FIG. 6, if a voltage of a specific voltage value is applied between the first electrode (lower electrode) 312 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 313 of the light-emitting device 310, it is injected into the organic light-emitting layer 314 by using The organic light-emitting layer 314 emits light by exciton generated by recombination of electrons and holes.

Among the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 314, light emitted in a direction toward the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 312 passes through the first electrode 312 and enters the wavelength conversion layer 315.

Further, in the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 314, light emitted in a direction toward the non-transmissive second electrode (upper electrode) 313 is reflected on the surface of the second electrode 313, and is again transmitted through the organic light-emitting layer 314. The wavelength conversion layer 315 is incident through the first electrode 312.

On the other hand, among the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 314, light emitted in the plane spreading direction (direction perpendicular to the stacking direction) enters the barrier 317. Since the light entering the barrier 317 includes a material having light reflectivity, the light incident on the barrier 317 reflects and preferably diffuses the incident light. Further, the light reflected by the barrier 317 is also transmitted through the first electrode 312 to the wavelength conversion layer 315.

Next, the case where light is incident on the wavelength conversion layer 315 will be described.

In the case where the wavelength conversion layer 315 is a color filter having no special light scattering function, the wavelength spectrum of the light incident on the wavelength conversion layer 315 changes, and the traveling direction only changes the traveling direction based on the refractive index difference. The light is emitted to the outside through the substrate 311.

On the other hand, in the case where the wavelength conversion layer 315 is a phosphor or a color filter having a light scattering function, light from the wavelength conversion layer 315 advances in various directions. Among them, light entering the side of the substrate 311 is emitted to the outside via the substrate 311.

Light that enters the opposite direction of the substrate 311 is reflected by the surface of the non-transmissive second electrode (upper electrode) 313, passes through the wavelength conversion layer 315 and the substrate 311 again, and is emitted to the outside. Further, a part of the light that is emitted to the plane extending direction (the direction perpendicular to the lamination direction) is incident on the barrier 317. Since the light entering the barrier 317 includes a material having light reflectivity, the light incident on the barrier 317 reflects and preferably diffuses the incident light. Further, the light reflected by the barrier 317 is also transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer 315 and the substrate 311 to be emitted to the outside.

(Light-emitting device: seventh embodiment)

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a second embodiment.

The light-emitting device 320 includes a light-transmitting substrate 321 , a wavelength conversion layer 325 , a translucent first electrode (lower electrode) 322 , a second electrode (upper electrode) 323 , an organic light-emitting layer 324 , and a barrier 327 . The wavelength conversion layer 325, the translucent first electrode (lower electrode) 322, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 323 are sequentially laminated on one surface 321a of the substrate 321 . The organic light emitting layer 324 is formed between the first electrode 322 and the second electrode 323. The barrier 327 is disposed at least on the side of the organic light-emitting layer 324. The barrier 327 described above includes a material having light reflectivity.

The light-emitting device 320 of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it has the wavelength conversion layer 325 and the organic light-emitting layer 324. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

Further, in this embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 324 is formed by, for example, dividing each pixel. That is, in the sixth embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 314 is formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier 317 (see FIG. 6). In the seventh embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 324 is separated from the upper portion (second electrode side) of the barrier 327. And divided into multiples. Thereby, light propagating in the organic light-emitting layer 324 and propagating in the surface expansion direction can be blocked, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.

(Light-emitting device: eighth embodiment)

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a third embodiment.

The light-emitting device 330 has a light-transmitting substrate (first substrate) 331, a wavelength conversion layer 335, an interlayer film 338, a light-transmitting second substrate 339, a first electrode (lower electrode) 332, an organic light-emitting layer 334, and a second electrode ( Upper electrode 333, and barrier 337. The wavelength conversion layer 335, the interlayer film 338, the light transmissive second substrate 339, the first electrode (lower electrode) 332, the organic light emitting layer 334, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 333 are sequentially laminated on one surface 331a of the substrate 331. on. The barrier 337 is disposed at least on the side of both the wavelength conversion layer 335 and the organic light-emitting layer 334. The barrier 337 described above includes a material having light reflectivity.

The light-emitting device 330 of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it includes the wavelength conversion layer 325, the interlayer film 338, and the light-transmitting second substrate 339. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In the eighth embodiment, the interlayer film 338 and the light-transmissive second substrate 339 are used, but either or both of the interlayer film 338 and the second substrate 339 may be omitted.

Further, in the eighth embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 334 is formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier 337, but the organic light-emitting layer 334 may be partitioned into pixels. And formed.

In the eighth embodiment, since the light-reflective barrier 337 is disposed on both sides of the organic light-emitting layer 334 and the wavelength conversion layer 335, it is superior to the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment in terms of light extraction efficiency. .

As a manufacturing process of the eighth embodiment, for example, a film or a structure may be laminated on the substrate 331, or the barrier 337 and the wavelength conversion layer 335 may be formed on the substrate 331, and the second layer may be formed on the substrate 331. A first electrode (lower electrode) 332, an organic light-emitting layer 334, and a second electrode (upper electrode) 333 are formed on the substrate 339, and the substrate (first substrate) 331 and the second substrate 339 are bonded.

(Light-emitting device: ninth embodiment)

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a ninth embodiment.

The light-emitting device 340 according to the ninth embodiment includes a light-transmitting substrate (first substrate) 341, a wavelength conversion layer 345, an interlayer film 348, a light-transmissive second substrate 349, a first electrode (lower electrode) 342, and an organic light-emitting layer. 344, a second electrode (upper electrode) 343, and a barrier 347. The wavelength conversion layer 345, the interlayer film 348, the light transmissive second substrate 349, the first electrode (lower electrode) 342, the organic light-emitting layer 344, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 343 are sequentially laminated on one surface 341a of the substrate 341. . The barrier 347 is disposed at least on the side of both the wavelength conversion layer 345 and the organic light-emitting layer 344. The barrier 347 described above includes a material having light reflectivity.

The light-emitting device 340 of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it includes the wavelength conversion layer 315, the interlayer film 348, and the light-transmitting second substrate 349. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In the ninth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 345 is formed by, for example, dividing each pixel. That is, in the eighth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 335 is formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier 337 (see Fig. 8). In the ninth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 345 is separated by the upper portion (second electrode side) of the barrier 347. And divided into multiples. Thereby, light propagating in the wavelength conversion layer 345 and propagating in the surface expansion direction can be blocked, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.

In the ninth embodiment, the interlayer film 348 and the light transmissive second substrate 349 are used. However, either or both of the interlayer film 348 and the light transmissive second substrate 349 may be omitted. .

Further, in the ninth embodiment, the organic light-emitting layer 344 is formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier 347, but may be formed by dividing the organic light-emitting layer 344 into pixels.

In the ninth embodiment, since the light-reflective barrier 347 is disposed on both sides of the organic light-emitting layer 344 and the wavelength conversion layer 345, it is superior to the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment in terms of light extraction efficiency. .

Further, as a manufacturing process of the ninth embodiment, for example, a film or a structure may be laminated on the substrate 341, or a barrier 347 and a wavelength conversion layer 345 may be formed on the substrate 341, and on the other hand, A first electrode (lower electrode) 342, an organic light-emitting layer 344, and a second electrode (upper electrode) 343 are formed on the second substrate 349, and the substrate (first substrate) 341 and the second substrate 349 are bonded.

Further, in the eighth embodiment or the ninth embodiment, the method of forming the regions in which the organic light-emitting layers 334 and 344 and the wavelength conversion layers 335 and 345 are formed within a specific range is, for example, suitably employed as follows. The method may be: using a wet coating method such as a mask vapor deposition method, an inkjet method, or a printing method, LITI (Laser Induced Thermal Imaging), and LIPS (laser Induced Pattern wise Sublimation) Laser-induced bleaching method, etc., using a laser method, etc.

Further, when the organic light-emitting layers 334 and 344 are formed by a wet process such as inkjet, the barrier 337 and 347 prevent the liquid applied to the pixel regions of the substrates 331 and 341 from flowing to the adjacent pixel regions. In order to further improve the above functions, it is also preferable to carry out a treatment for imparting liquid repellency to the barrier ribs 337 and 347.

(Light-emitting device: tenth embodiment)

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a fifth embodiment.

The light-emitting device 350 according to the fifth embodiment includes a light-transmitting substrate 351, a wavelength conversion layer 355, a first electrode (lower electrode) 352, an organic light-emitting layer 354, a second electrode (upper electrode) 353, and a barrier 357. The wavelength conversion layer 355, the first electrode (lower electrode) 352, the organic light-emitting layer 354, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 353 are sequentially laminated on one surface 351a of the substrate 351. The barrier 357 is disposed at least on the side of both the wavelength conversion layer 355 and the organic light-emitting layer 354. The barrier 357 described above includes a material having light reflectivity.

The light-emitting device 310 of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it has the wavelength conversion layer 315. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In the tenth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 355, the first electrode 352, and the organic light-emitting layer 354 are covered with the barrier 357 to form a continuous layer.

Furthermore, in the tenth embodiment, an interlayer film may be further interposed between the wavelength conversion layer 355 and the first electrode 352.

(Light-emitting device: eleventh embodiment)

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of an eleventh embodiment.

The light-emitting device 360 of the eleventh embodiment includes a light-transmitting substrate 361, a wavelength conversion layer 365, a first electrode (lower electrode) 362, an organic light-emitting layer 364, a second electrode (upper electrode) 363, and a barrier 367. The wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode (lower electrode) 362, the organic light-emitting layer 364, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 363 are sequentially laminated on one surface 361a of the substrate 361. The barrier 367 is disposed at least on the side of both the wavelength conversion layer 365 and the organic light-emitting layer 365. The barrier 367 described above includes a material having light reflectivity.

The configuration of the light-emitting device 360 of the present embodiment having the wavelength conversion layer 365 and the organic light-emitting layer 364 is different from that of the first embodiment. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In the eleventh embodiment, an interlayer film may be interposed between the wavelength conversion layer 365 and the first electrode 362.

In the eleventh embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode 362, and the organic light-emitting layer 364 are formed by, for example, dividing each pixel. That is, in the tenth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 355, the first electrode 352, and the organic light-emitting layer 354 are formed as a continuous layer by covering the barrier 357 (see FIG. 10). In the eleventh embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 365 The first electrode 362 and the organic light-emitting layer 364 are partitioned into a plurality of portions by the upper portion (second electrode side) of the barrier 367. Thereby, the light propagating in the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode 362, and the organic light-emitting layer 364 can be blocked in the direction of surface expansion, and further Steps improve light extraction efficiency.

Further, in the eleventh embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode 362, and the organic light-emitting layer 364 are partitioned by the barrier 367, or two or only one of the three may be formed to cover the barrier 367. Continuous layer.

(Light-emitting device: twelfth embodiment)

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a twelfth embodiment.

The light-emitting device 370 of the twelfth embodiment includes a light-transmitting substrate 371, a wavelength conversion layer 375, a first electrode (lower electrode) 372, an organic light-emitting layer 374, a second electrode (upper electrode) 373, and a barrier 377. The wavelength conversion layer 375, the first electrode (lower electrode) 372, the organic light-emitting layer 374, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 373 are sequentially laminated on one surface 371a of the substrate 371. The barrier 377 is disposed at least on the side of both the wavelength conversion layer 375 and the organic light-emitting layer 374. The barrier 377 described above includes a material having light reflectivity.

The light-emitting device 370 of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it has the wavelength conversion layer 375 and the organic light-emitting layer 374. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In the twelfth embodiment, an interlayer film may be further interposed between the wavelength conversion layer 375 and the first electrode 372.

In the twelfth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 375, the first electrode (lower electrode) 372, the organic light-emitting layer 374, and the second electrode 373 are formed to cover the entire surface, but are partitioned into regions or pixels by the barrier 377. The way. There are various methods for realizing the same, and as a practical method, the light reflective barrier 377 is formed into an inverted tapered shape as shown in FIG. The wavelength conversion layer 375 and the first electrode are formed by forming the barrier 377 into an inverted cone shape. The (lower electrode) 372, the organic light-emitting layer 374, and the second electrode 373 are naturally cut, and the light emitted from the wavelength conversion layer 375 and the organic light-emitting layer 374 is directed toward the substrate 371 side, which is preferable in terms of light extraction efficiency. .

(Light-emitting device: thirteenth embodiment)

13A to 13D are schematic cross-sectional views showing a light-emitting device of an eighth embodiment.

The light-emitting devices 380a to 380d of this embodiment include a wavelength conversion layer 385, a first electrode (lower electrode) 382, an organic light-emitting layer 384, a second electrode (upper electrode) 383, and a barrier rib disposed on the side surface of the organic light-emitting layer 384. 87. The barrier 387 described above includes a material having light reflectivity. Further, a low refractive index layer 386 having a lower refractive index than the substrate 381 is formed between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 or between the substrate 381 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 382. The refractive index of the low refractive index layer 386 is preferably lower than the refractive index of the substrate 381, and is preferably preferably a refractive index of 1.0.

Hereinafter, an example of formation of the low refractive index layer is shown in FIGS. 13A to 13D, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

Fig. 13A shows a light-emitting device 380a having a lower refractive index layer 386 having a lower refractive index than the substrate 381 formed between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 with respect to the light-emitting device shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 13B shows a light-emitting device 380b formed with a lower refractive index layer 386 having a lower refractive index than the substrate 381 between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 with respect to the light-emitting device shown in Fig. 8.

13C shows the light-emitting device shown in FIG. 9, further between the substrate (first substrate) 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385, and the second substrate 389 and the A light-emitting device 380c having a lower refractive index lower than the substrate 381 or the second substrate 389 is formed between the electrodes 382, respectively.

Fig. 13D shows a light-emitting device 380d having a lower refractive index layer 386 having a lower refractive index than the substrate 381 formed between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 with respect to the light-emitting device shown in Fig. 12.

Further, in the light-emitting devices 380a to 380d respectively shown in FIGS. 13A to 13D, when the light-reflective barrier 387 is not provided and only the low-refractive-index layer 386 is formed, the wavelength conversion layer 385 and the low refractive index are used. The interface of the layer 386 or the light jumped back at the interface between the first electrode 382 and the low refractive index layer 386 is unidirectionally reflected and diffused in the plane spreading direction, so that the light extraction efficiency is not so improved. Therefore, by using the light-reflective barrier 387 and the low-refractive-index layer 386 in combination, a large effect of improving the light extraction efficiency can be obtained.

(Light-emitting device: fourteenth embodiment)

Figure 32 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device of a fourteenth embodiment.

The light-emitting device 410 has a light-transmitting substrate 411, a first electrode (lower electrode) 422, a second electrode (upper electrode) 423, and an organic light-emitting layer 424. The first electrode (lower electrode) 422 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 223 are sequentially laminated on one surface 21a of the substrate 21. The organic light emitting layer 424 is formed between the first electrode 422 and the second electrode 423. Further, a light reflective barrier (insulating layer) 425 that divides the first electrode 422 into a plurality of specific regions is formed on the substrate 421. An auxiliary electrode 409 is formed between the first electrode 422 and the substrate 411.

The configuration of the barrier 425 of the present embodiment is different from that of the barrier 15 of the first embodiment. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the barrier 425 includes a barrier 425a, a barrier 425b, and a light reflecting film 425c. The light reflecting film 425c is formed to cover the barrier 425a. The barrier 425b is formed to cover the light reflecting film 425c.

The barrier 425a may be any of transparent, white, and black. When the barrier 425a is black, the barrier 425a may have a function of preventing external light from being reflected.

The light reflecting film 425c may be formed, for example, in a form of silver (Ag) or aluminum (Al). The light reflecting film 425c may also be formed of the same material as the auxiliary electrode 409. Further, in the present embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 409 may not be formed. Therefore, when the auxiliary electrode 409 is not formed, only the light reflecting film 425c can be formed using the material used for the auxiliary electrode 409.

The barrier 425b has light transmissivity, light reflectivity, and/or light scattering properties. Light emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 422 and propagating in the lateral direction may be reflected by the light-reflecting film 425c. In order to improve the light extraction efficiency in order to change the direction of light travel, it is preferable that the barrier 425b has light scattering properties. Further, if the barrier 425b covers the edge of the first electrode (lower electrode) 422, the short circuit between the first electrode (lower electrode) 422 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 423 can be prevented, which is preferable in terms of improvement in yield. .

(Example of the shape of the barrier)

The shape of the barrier can be set to various shapes. 16A to 16E are cross-sectional views showing examples of the shape of the barrier ribs.

In FIG. 16A, the barrier rib 103 of the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the divided substrate 101 is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the upper portion is narrowed. That is, the barrier rib 103 is narrowed from the beginning of the substrate 101 toward the upper portion. The profile is formed in a trapezoidal manner.

In FIG. 16B, the barrier rib 104 which divides the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the upper portion is widened. In other words, the barrier ribs 104 are formed so as to have a trapezoidal shape having a width that widens from the substrate 101 toward the upper portion.

In FIG. 16C, the barrier 105 of the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed such that the upper portion is semicircular or semi-elliptical. That is, the barrier rib 105 is formed in such a manner that the cross section is semicircular or semi-elliptical.

In FIG. 16D, the barrier rib 106 of the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed such that the upper portion is semicircular and the top portion is a flat surface. That is, the barrier rib 106 is formed such that the cross section is semicircular and the top is a flat surface.

In FIG. 16E, the barrier 107 partitioning the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed such that the upper portion is triangular. In other words, the barrier rib 107 is formed so as to form a triangular cross section which is formed at an angle from the substrate 90 toward the upper portion.

As shown in FIG. 16A, FIG. 16C, FIG. 16D, and FIG. 16E, the shape of the barrier ribs is closer to the light emission side, that is, the shape in which the substrate 101 side becomes wider has an effect of making light more easily emitted. The above effects also affect the light emission distribution, and thus are advantageous for wide viewing angles when applied to a display device. From the viewpoint of the wide viewing angle, it is preferably the shape of the barrier rib 107 shown in FIG. 16E, and on the other hand, in order to suppress the layer formed by the superimposed barrier layer from being split at the edge portion, it is preferably as shown in FIG. 16C. Figure 16D is a barrier 105, 106 with the shape of the arc.

On the other hand, as a method for preferably driving the organic EL display device passively, a barrier 104 having an inverted tapered shape as shown in FIG. 16B is formed, whereby when the second electrode (upper electrode) is formed on the entire surface, A segment cut may be formed at an edge portion of the barrier rib 104 to form a second electrode (upper electrode) in a stripe shape. Further, in the organic EL display device which is mainly used for personal use, the structure of the barrier rib 104 of FIG. 16B is also effective in reducing the viewing angle and functioning as an anti-spy goggle.

(Structural example of barrier)

In each of the above embodiments, the barrier body is formed of a light-reflective resin such as a white resin, but the structure of the barrier is not limited thereto.

17A to 17F are cross-sectional views showing a structural example for imparting light reflectivity to a barrier.

In FIG. 17A, the barrier 113 which divides the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a resin layer 113a and a light reflective metal layer 113b.

The resin layer 113a is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, white or colored. When a different voltage is applied to each of the first electrodes, the resin layer 113a must be insulative. For example, in the case of a display application, the first electrode is formed as each pixel, or in the illumination application, an organic layer of a different luminescent color is disposed on each of the first electrodes to have a dimming effect.

On the other hand, as long as the same voltage is applied to all of the first electrodes as long as the light is uniformly emitted, the resin layer 113a need not be insulative. Coloring the resin layer 113a, especially In the case of black, it has the effect of reducing the reflection of external light, especially for display applications and the like. When the resin layer 113a is colored in red, green, blue, or the like, the color is observed from the outside. In the case of lighting use or the like, it is preferable from the viewpoint of design. In the case where the resin layer 113a is light-reflective, light-scattering, white, or the like, the light that propagates in the substrate 111 or the organic layer or the like and diffuses in the lateral direction encounters the resin layer 113a and changes direction, thereby improving light. The effect of the probability of being extracted to the outside of the substrate 111.

In FIG. 17B, the barrier 114 partitioning the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a reflective metal or resin layer. Further, the barrier ribs 114 are disposed between the first electrodes (lower electrodes) 112 spaced apart from the first electrodes 112. For example, in the case where the first electrode is formed as each pixel in the display application, or in the case of illuminating the organic layer having different luminescent colors on each of the first electrodes, the dimming action is performed, and the like When the first electrode is applied with a different voltage, even if the barrier rib 114 is a reflective metal, as long as it has this structure, insulation can be ensured. In the case where the barrier rib 114 is a resin layer, the resin layer is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white. As described in the other embodiments, the resin layer functions to reflect the light propagating in the lateral direction and to increase the probability of extracting light in the front direction.

In FIG. 17C, the barrier 115 partitioning the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a reflective metal body 115a and a resin layer 115b covering the same.

The resin layer 115b is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, or white. When the resin layer 115b is transparent, the light propagates in the device in the lateral direction. Reflected by the reflective metal body 115a changes the direction of travel of light, and thus the light extraction efficiency is improved. Further, when the resin layer 115b is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white, light propagating in the lateral direction in the device is reflected or scattered by the resin layer 115b, and light that is not reflected or scattered by the resin layer 115b is also Reflected by the reflective metal body 115a, the light extraction efficiency is improved.

In this embodiment, the upper portion of the reflective metal body 115a may be covered with the resin layer 115b, and it is preferable to form the upper portion of the resin layer 115b to be thinner in consideration of the possibility of light propagating from the region. Further, it is also preferable that the shape of the resin is not formed in the portion. For example, in the case where the first electrode is formed as each pixel in the display application, or in the case of illuminating the organic layer having different luminescent colors on each of the first electrodes, the dimming action is performed, etc. When a different voltage is applied to one electrode, the resin layer 115b must be insulative. On the other hand, as long as the same voltage is applied to all of the first electrodes as long as the light is uniformly emitted, the resin layer 115b need not be insulative.

In FIG. 17D, the barrier rib 116 that divides the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a reflective metal body 116a, a resin layer 116b covering the same, and further includes an upper reflective layer 116c. The resin layer 116b is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, or white. When the resin layer 116b is transparent, the light propagating in the lateral direction in the apparatus is reflected by the reflective metal body 116a and the upper reflection layer 116c to change the traveling direction of the light, so that the light extraction efficiency is improved. Further, when the resin layer 116b is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white, light propagating in the lateral direction in the device is reflected or scattered by the resin layer 116b, and light that is not reflected or scattered by the resin layer 116b is also Reflective Since the metal body 116a and the upper reflection layer 116c are reflected, the light extraction efficiency is improved.

For example, in the case where the first electrode is formed as each pixel in the display application, or in the case of illuminating the organic layer having different luminescent colors on each of the first electrodes, the dimming action is performed, etc. When a different voltage is applied to one electrode, the resin layer 116b must be insulative. On the other hand, as long as the same voltage is applied to all of the first electrodes as long as the light is uniformly emitted, the resin layer 116b need not be insulative.

In FIG. 17E, the barrier 117 partitioning the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a reflective metal layer or a resin layer covering at least a side surface of the first electrode (lower electrode) 112. Further, the barrier 117 is disposed to cover the edge of the first electrode (lower electrode), and the barrier 117 covering the different first electrodes 112 is not in contact with each other. For example, in the case where the first electrode is formed as each pixel in the display application, or in the case of illuminating the organic layer having different luminescent colors on each of the first electrodes, the dimming action is performed, and the like When the first electrode is applied with a different voltage, even if the barrier 117 is a reflective metal, as long as it has this structure, insulation can be ensured. When the barrier 117 is a resin layer, the resin layer is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white. As described in the other embodiments, the resin layer functions to reflect the light propagating in the lateral direction and to increase the probability of extracting light in the front direction.

In FIG. 17F, the barrier rib 118 that divides the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a resin body 118a and a resin body 118a. Reflective metal body 118b.

Further, the reflective metal body 118b is formed such that its lower end does not contact the first electrode (lower electrode) 112, thereby ensuring insulation between the adjacent first electrodes (lower electrodes) 112.

The resin layer 118a is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, or white. When the resin layer 118a is transparent, the light propagating in the lateral direction in the apparatus is reflected by the reflective metal body 118b to change the traveling direction of the light, so that the light extraction efficiency is improved. When the resin layer 118a is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white, light propagating in the lateral direction in the device is reflected or scattered by the resin layer 118a, and light that is not reflected or scattered by the resin layer 118a is also reflected. The metal body 118b reflects, so the light extraction efficiency is improved.

For example, in the case where the first electrode is formed as each pixel in the display application, or in the case of illuminating the organic layer having different luminescent colors on each of the first electrodes, the dimming action is performed, etc. When a different voltage is applied to one electrode, the resin layer 118a must be insulative. On the other hand, the resin layer 118a need not be insulating, as long as the same voltage is applied to all of the first electrodes as long as it is uniform illumination.

Further, in each of the structural examples of the barrier ribs shown in FIGS. 17A to 17F, the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 is formed to directly contact the substrate 111, and is preferably further connected to the first electrode 112. The low refractive index layers shown in the fourth and fifth embodiments described above are formed between the substrates 111.

(Display device: Fifteenth embodiment)

Figure 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a display device of a fifteenth embodiment.

In this embodiment, an organic EL display device in which an active matrix of a light-emitting device is driven is shown. The organic EL display device (display device) 60 includes a light-transmitting substrate 61, a first electrode (lower electrode) 62, a second electrode (upper electrode) 63, an organic light-emitting layer 64, and a light-reflective barrier (insulating layer) 65. Light emitting device 67. The organic light emitting layer 64 is formed between the first electrode 62 and the second electrode 63. The light reflective barrier (insulating layer) 65 divides the first electrode 62 into a plurality of specific regions.

Further, an active matrix driving element (driving portion) 70 as an example of a driving portion is formed between the substrate 61 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 62. A gate electrode 70a and a gate oxide film 68 are formed on the substrate 61. An active layer 70d, a source electrode 70b, and a drain electrode 70c are formed on the gate oxide film 68, and an interlayer insulating film 69 is further formed. A contact hole is formed in the interlayer insulating film 69 to electrically connect the gate electrode 70c and the first electrode 62. The active matrix driving element 70 includes a gate electrode 70a, a gate oxide film 68, a source electrode 70b, a drain electrode 70c, an active layer 70d, and the like.

The active matrix drive element (drive unit) 70, which is an example of a drive unit that controls the light emission of the light-emitting device 67, functions as a switch application and a drive application. The active matrix driving element 70 described above can be formed using well-known materials, structures, and forming methods.

Examples of the material of the active layer 70d include inorganic semiconductor materials such as amorphous silicon, polysilicon, microcrystalline germanium, and cadmium selenide, and oxides such as zinc oxide and indium oxide-gallium oxide-zinc oxide. A semiconductor material, or an organic semiconductor material such as a polythiophene derivative, a thiophene oligomer, a poly(p-phenylacetylene) derivative, a condensed tetraphenyl, or a pentacene. Moreover, examples of the structure of the TFT include a staggered type, an inverted staggered type, a top gate type, and a coplanar type.

As a method of forming the active layer 70d, (1) a method of ion doping impurities in an amorphous germanium formed by a plasma-induced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method; (2) An amorphous germanium is formed by a low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) method using a decane (SiH ₄ ) gas, and the amorphous germanium is crystallized by a solid phase growth method to obtain a polycrystalline germanium. a method of ion doping by ion implantation; (3) forming an amorphous germanium by LPCVD using Si ₂ H ₆ gas or PECVD using SiH ₄ gas, by laser such as excimer laser After annealing, crystallizing the amorphous germanium to obtain polycrystalline germanium, performing ion doping (low temperature process); (4) forming a polycrystalline germanium layer by LPCVD or PECVD, and performing thermal oxidation at a temperature of 1000 ° C or higher. Thereby forming a gate insulating film, forming a gate electrode of n ⁺ polysilicon thereon, followed by ion doping (high temperature process); (5) a method of forming an organic semiconductor material by an inkjet method or the like; 6) Method for obtaining a single crystal film of an organic semiconductor material Wait.

The gate insulating film 68 can be formed using a known material. For example, SiO ₂ formed by a PECVD method, an LPCVD method, or the like, or SiO ₂ obtained by thermally oxidizing a polycrystalline germanium film can be used. Further, the signal electrode line, the scan electrode line, the common electrode line, the first drive electrode, and the second drive electrode of the TFT can be formed using a known material, and examples thereof include tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), and copper (Cu). )Wait.

The interlayer insulating film 69 can be formed using a known material, and examples thereof include inorganic materials such as cerium oxide (SiO ₂ ), cerium nitride (SiN or Si ₂ N ₄ ), and cerium oxide (TaO or Ta ₂ O ₅ ). Or an organic material such as an acrylic resin or a resist material. Further, examples of the method for forming the film include a dry process such as a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a vacuum vapor deposition method, and a wet process such as a spin coating method. Further, it may be patterned by photolithography or the like as needed.

Further, when the active matrix driving element 70 is formed on the substrate 61, a convexo-concave is formed on the surface thereof, and the light-emitting device 67 is caused to have defects such as a pixel electrode, a defect of the organic EL layer, and a counter electrode. Broken wire, short circuit of the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, reduction in withstand voltage, and the like. In order to prevent such a phenomenon, a planarizing film may be further provided on the interlayer insulating film 69.

The planarizing film can be formed using a known material, and examples thereof include inorganic materials such as cerium oxide, cerium nitride, and cerium oxide, and organic materials such as polyimine, acrylic resin, and resist material. Examples of the method for forming the planarizing film include a dry process such as a CVD method and a vacuum vapor deposition method, and a wet process such as a spin coating method. However, the present embodiment is not limited to these materials and a forming method. Further, the planarizing film may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.

Further, a color filter, a color conversion film, or the like may be further combined on the organic EL display device (display device) 60. In the case of combination with a color filter, the luminescent color is usually set to white. Further, in the case of combining with a color conversion film, the luminescent color is usually set to blue.

(Display device: Sixteenth embodiment)

Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a display device of a sixteenth embodiment.

The organic EL display device (display device) 80 includes a light-transmitting substrate 81, a low refractive index layer 86, a first electrode (lower electrode) 82, a second electrode (upper electrode) 83, an organic light emitting layer 84 formed between the first electrode 82 and the second electrode 83, and a first electrode 82 A light-emitting device 87 that is divided into light-reflective barriers (insulating layers) 85 of a plurality of specific regions.

Further, an active matrix driving element (driving portion) 90 as an example of a driving portion is formed between the substrate 81 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 82. A gate electrode 90a and a gate oxide film 88 are formed on the substrate 81. An active layer 90d, a source electrode 90b, and a drain electrode 90c are formed on the gate oxide film 88, and an interlayer insulating film 89 is further formed. A contact hole is formed in the interlayer insulating film 89 to electrically connect the gate electrode 90c and the first electrode 82. The active matrix driving element 90 includes a gate electrode 90a, a gate oxide film 88, a source electrode 90b, a drain electrode 90c, an active layer 90d, and the like.

In this embodiment, a low refractive index layer 86 having a lower refractive index than the substrate 81 is formed between the substrate 81 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 82. The low refractive index layer 86 preferably has a refractive index such that, for example, the critical angle of incident light incident from the organic light-emitting layer 84 toward the low refractive index material layer 86 becomes smaller than the critical angle of the outgoing light emitted from the substrate 81 to the outside. .

By forming the above-described low refractive index layer 86, the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.

(Display device: Seventeenth embodiment)

Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the display device of the embodiment.

In this embodiment, an organic EL display device in which an active matrix of a light-emitting device is driven is shown. The organic EL display device (display device) 3100 has a configuration Each layer of the optical device, that is, the translucent substrate 3101, the low refractive index layer 3106, the wavelength conversion layer 3105, the first electrode (lower electrode) 3102, the organic light emitting layer 3104, the second electrode (upper electrode) 3103, and at least A barrier 3107 on the side of both the wavelength conversion layer 3105 and the organic light-emitting layer 3104. The barrier rib 3107 includes a material having light reflectivity. Further, the low refractive index layer 3106 may be omitted as needed.

Further, an active matrix driving element 3110 is formed between the substrate 3101 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 3102. A gate electrode 3111a and a gate oxide film 3112 constituting the active matrix driving element 3110 are formed on the substrate 3101. An active layer 3111d, a source electrode 3111b, and a drain electrode 3111c are formed on the gate oxide film 3112, and an interlayer insulating film 3113 is further formed. A contact hole 3114 is formed in the interlayer insulating film 3113 to electrically connect the drain electrode 3111c and the first electrode 3102. The active matrix driving element 3110 includes the gate electrode 3111a, the gate oxide film 3112, the source electrode 3111b, the drain electrode 3111c, the active layer 3111d, and the like.

(Display device: Eighteenth embodiment)

Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a display device of an eighteenth embodiment.

In this embodiment, an organic EL display device in which an active matrix of a light-emitting device is driven is shown. The organic EL display device (display device) 3120 includes a light-transmitting substrate 3121, a low refractive index layer 3126, a wavelength conversion layer 3125, a first electrode (lower electrode) 3122, an organic light-emitting layer 3124, and a second electrode (upper electrode) 3123. And a barrier 3127 disposed at least on a side of both the wavelength conversion layer 3125 and the organic light-emitting layer 3124. The barrier rib 3127 includes a material having light reflectivity. Further, the low refractive index layer 3126 may be omitted as needed.

Further, an active matrix driving element 3130 is formed between the substrate 3121 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 3122. A gate electrode 3131a and a gate oxide film 3132 are formed on the substrate 3121. An active layer 3131d, a source electrode 3131b, and a drain electrode 3131c are formed on the gate oxide film 3132, and an interlayer insulating film 3133 is further formed. A contact hole 3134 is formed in the interlayer insulating film 3133 to electrically connect the drain electrode 3131c and the first electrode 3122. The active matrix driving element 3130 includes a gate electrode 3131a, a gate oxide film 3132, a source electrode 3131b, a drain electrode 3131c, an active layer 3131d, and the like.

(Light-emitting device: nineteenth embodiment)

In order to improve the conductivity of the first electrode (lower electrode), it is preferable to form a light-reflective barrier on the light-emitting device further including the auxiliary electrode.

20A and 20B are schematic cross-sectional views showing a light-emitting device of an eighth embodiment. In addition, FIG. 20A is a plan view when the light-emitting device is viewed from above. Figure 20B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 20A.

In the light-emitting device 200 of the embodiment, the auxiliary wiring 209 is formed on the light-transmitting substrate 201 such as glass. It is only necessary to arrange one or a plurality of auxiliary wirings 209. The auxiliary wiring 209 is usually made of a metal material having a low resistance value such as Al or Ag. In the case where the plurality of auxiliary wirings 209 are disposed, they may be arranged, for example, in a stripe shape or a lattice shape.

The auxiliary wiring 209 is covered by the first electrode (lower electrode) 202. The first electrode (lower electrode) 202 is made of a transparent electrode material such as ITO or IZO, and has a film thickness of, for example, about 100 nm to 300 nm. In order to form the first electrode 202 into a specific shape, a method of patterning using a photolithography method or the like, or Mask evaporation, etc.

A light reflective barrier 205 is formed between the adjacent first electrodes (lower electrodes) 202. Even if the barrier 205 covers only a portion of the periphery of the first electrode (lower electrode) 202, the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency can be obtained, and it is preferable to surround the entire periphery, which is most effective for improving the light extraction efficiency. Furthermore, in FIG. 20A, the open area of the light-reflective barrier 205 is depicted as a square shape, and may be rectangular, circular, or other shapes. The size of the opening of the barrier 205 is not limited, and various sizes such as an opening diameter of 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 50 mm, and 100 mm can be selected.

An organic light emitting layer 204 is formed on the first electrode (lower electrode) 202. As the organic light-emitting layer 204, for example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole barrier layer, an electron transport layer, a laminated film of an electron injection layer, or the like can be used. A second electrode (upper electrode) 203 is formed on the organic light emitting layer 204. The second electrode (upper electrode) 203 may be, for example, LiF/Al as a cathode.

Further, as shown in FIG. 20B, in order to protect the light-emitting device 200 from corrosion or deterioration caused by moisture or oxygen in the atmosphere, it is preferable to use a counter substrate or the like.

In the case where the second electrode (upper electrode) 203 is cut by the shape of the barrier 205, the shape of the barrier 205 is reversed, and as shown in FIGS. 21A and 21B, it is preferably formed on the barrier 205. No part of the step.

Hereinafter, a modification of the eighth embodiment shown in Figs. 20A and 20B is shown in Figs. 14A to 20B. Furthermore, in these embodiments, the pair and the figure 20A and FIG. 20B are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, in FIGS. 24A to 20B, FIGS. 24A, 25A, 26A, 27A, 28A, 29A, and 30A are plan views when the light-emitting device is viewed from above. 24B, 25B, 26B, 27B, 28B, 29B, and 30B are lines AA' of Figs. 24A, 25A, 26A, 27A, 28A, 29A, and 30A, respectively. Sectional view.

The position where the auxiliary wiring 209 is disposed can be disposed in the light-emitting region as shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B. When the auxiliary wiring is formed by the opaque electrode, the auxiliary wiring blocks the emitted light, which is not necessarily preferable. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 24A and FIG. 24B, if the auxiliary wiring is disposed outside the light-emitting region, the emitted light can be extracted more smoothly, which is preferable. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 20A and FIG. 20B, the organic light-emitting layer 204 is formed in the barrier 205, and the organic light-emitting device 210 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 24A and 24B can be formed in the form of a cover barrier 205. Light emitting layer 204. In terms of productivity, the form formed on the entire surface of the substrate surface is more efficient.

In FIGS. 24A and 24B, among the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 204, light emitted in a direction toward the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 202 passes through the first electrode 202 and is incident on the substrate 201. .

Further, among the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 204, light emitted in a direction toward the non-transmissive second electrode (upper electrode) 203 is reflected by the surface of the second electrode 203, and is again transmitted through the organic light-emitting layer. 204 passes through the first electrode 202 and enters the substrate 201.

On the other hand, among the light (excitation light) emitted by the organic light-emitting layer 204, Light emitted in the direction in which the surface is expanded (the direction perpendicular to the direction of the lamination) is incident on the barrier 205. Since the light entering the barrier 205 includes a material having light reflectivity, the light that is incident on the barrier 205 reflects the light incident thereon and preferably diffuses it. Further, the light reflected by the barrier 205 is also transmitted through the first electrode 202 to the substrate 201.

The light incident on the substrate 201 is directed to the interface between the substrate 201 and the air. Here, since the refractive index difference between the substrate 201 and the air is present, a part of the light is emitted to the outside, but the light having an angle smaller than a predetermined angle defined by the difference in refractive index between the substrate 201 and the air is reflected by the interface between the substrate 201 and the air. Of the reflected light, a part of the light that has encountered the barrier 205 is reflected, preferably scattered, and is again incident on the interface between the substrate 201 and the air. At this time, since the angle is changed by reflection on the barrier 205, preferably by scattering, light that does not reflect at the interface between the substrate 201 and the air is extracted to the outside. By repeating the above process, most of the light is finally extracted to the outside, and the light extraction efficiency is improved.

As described above, the light extraction efficiency is improved by the barrier 205 having light reflectivity, preferably light scattering property. If there is no barrier 205, the light that is incident on the surface expansion direction (the direction perpendicular to the lamination direction) is not extracted to the outside, and the light reflected by the interface between the substrate 201 and the air is also expanded only in the inward direction of the element (and The direction of the stack is perpendicular to the direction and will not be extracted to the outside.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 24A and 24B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is covered by the first electrode (lower electrode) 202, and may be, for example, the light-emitting device 220 of the embodiment shown in Figs. 25A and 25B. The auxiliary wiring 209 is formed in such a manner that a part of the barrier 205 is contacted.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 20A and 20B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is covered by the first electrode (lower electrode) 202, and may be in the same manner as the light-emitting device 230 of the embodiment shown in Fig. 26A. The auxiliary wiring 209 is formed on the 202.

In the case of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, 24A and 24B, and 25A and 25B, as a manufacturing step, the following four steps are generally selected: (1) film formation of the auxiliary electrode film, ( 2) patterning of the auxiliary electrode film, (3) film formation of the lower electrode film, and (4) patterning of the lower electrode film. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B, the lower electrode film and the auxiliary electrode film can be continuously formed by (1), and then (2) the auxiliary electrode film can be patterned, (3) The patterning of the lower electrode film is performed in three steps, which is advantageous in the manufacturing process.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 20A and FIG. 20B, the first electrode (lower electrode) 202 is patterned, and the barrier 205 is formed to cover the periphery thereof, as shown in FIGS. 27A and 27B. Like the light-emitting device 240, the first electrode (lower electrode) 202 is not patterned. Further, in the light-emitting device 240 shown in FIGS. 27A and 27B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is formed in each region, but the auxiliary wiring 209 may be formed in a reduced manner.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 27A and FIG. 27B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is covered by the first electrode (lower electrode) 202, and may be the same as the light-emitting device 250 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B. The auxiliary wiring 209 is formed on the (lower electrode) 202. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 28A and FIG. 28B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is formed in each region, but the auxiliary wiring 209 may be formed in a reduced manner.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, 24A and 24B, and 25A and 25B, as a manufacturing step, the following four steps are selected: (1) film formation of the auxiliary electrode film, (2) Patterning of the auxiliary electrode film, (3) film formation of the lower electrode film, and (4) patterning of the lower electrode film. On the other hand, as a manufacturing step of the light-emitting device 250 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B, the lower electrode film and the auxiliary electrode film can be continuously formed by (1), and then (2) the auxiliary electrode film can be performed. The patterning and (3) patterning of the lower electrode film are carried out in three steps, which is advantageous in the manufacturing process.

In the case where the shape of the barrier 205 is reversed or the like, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 203 may be cut, the modification of FIGS. 21A and 21B is as shown in FIGS. 29A and 29B. As shown, a light-emitting device 260 in a form in which no step is formed on the barrier 205 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 202 is not patterned may be used.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 21A and 21B, 29A and 29B, the portion where the barrier 205 is not formed is drawn in a straight line, and the position may be at another position. When in a straight line, the light traveling in this direction does not encounter the barrier, so there is a ripple of unextracted light. On the other hand, as in the case of the light-emitting device 270 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 30A and 30B, for example, a form in which the portion where the barrier 205 is not formed is formed in a straight line is preferable. If so, the barrier 205 is not encountered and no loss of light is generated, and it is also advantageous to prevent the second electrode (upper electrode) 203 from being cut.

In the embodiment shown in each of FIGS. 20A and 20B, 21A and 21B, and 24A to 30B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is arranged in a stripe shape, but In the case where the entire surface is illuminated as in the case of illumination, etc., it may be formed, for example, in a lattice shape. Further, in the embodiment shown in each of Figs. 24A to 30B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is arranged in a stripe shape on one side of each region, and may be disposed on both sides of each region.

The light-emitting device of the embodiment shown in each of FIGS. 20A and 20B, FIG. 21A and FIG. 21B, and FIG. 24A to FIG. 30B is particularly preferably applied to the lighting application as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B.

The pattern of formation of the barrier ribs shown in these embodiments can be selected in various forms. A representative example of the formation pattern of the barrier ribs is shown in FIGS. 31A to 31I, but the shape of the barrier rib is not limited to the embodiments.

Fig. 31A is a view in which each region is formed into a quadrangle.

Fig. 31B is a case where each region is formed into a circle. If each of the regions is made circular, there is an advantage that the distribution of the light reflected by the barrier is equal in all directions. In the case where the organic layer is formed by a coating method, if the corner portion is formed as a square shape, there is a problem that the coating liquid is less likely to be wet-diffused only in the portion, and the shape is round without a corner. Therefore, the coating liquid can be uniformly diffused. Further, in FIG. 31B, each region is drawn in a circular shape, and may be formed in an ellipse or a shape having a curvature in a corner portion of a quadrangle.

Fig. 31C shows the arrangement of each area as a hexagonal configurator. By setting it as a hexagonal arrangement, the ratio of the light-emitting region can be improved as compared with the embodiment of Fig. 21C.

Figure 31D is a hexagonal configuration of hexagonal regions.

Fig. 31E is a portion in which a region where no barrier is formed is disposed in one of the regions. Thereby, it is possible to prevent segment cutting when the second electrode covers the barrier, thereby improving yield and reliability.

Fig. 31F is an example in which the position of the region where the barrier is not formed in one of the regions is not in a straight line.

In the case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 31E, in the region where the barrier is not formed, the light guided in the lateral direction is not reflected/scattered until the end portion of the device, and is lost. On the other hand, in FIG. 31F, in the region where the barrier is not formed, the light guided in the lateral direction and the light entering the other region from the certain region encounters the barrier in the other region, and the loss of light can be suppressed. 31G, FIG. 31H, and FIG. 31I are the same as those in the configuration of FIG. 31D, FIG. 31B, and FIG. 31C, respectively, in a region where no barrier is formed in one of the regions.

(Application example of light-emitting device)

Examples of the application of the light-emitting device include a mobile phone shown in FIG. 22A and an organic EL television shown in FIG. 22B.

The mobile phone 1000 shown in FIG. 22A includes a main body 1001, a display unit 1002, an audio input unit 1003, an audio output unit 1004, an antenna 1005, and an operation switch 1006. The display unit 1002 uses the light-emitting devices of the above embodiments.

The television receiver 1100 shown in FIG. 22B includes a main body casing 1101, a display unit 1102, a speaker 1103, and a holder 1104. The display unit 1102 uses the light-emitting devices of the above-described embodiments.

In such a mobile phone or an organic EL television, since the light-emitting device of each of the above embodiments is used, the brightness is high and the display quality is excellent.

Further, as an application example of the light-emitting device, for example, it can be applied to that shown in FIG. 23A. In the ceiling light (lighting device). The ceiling lamp 1400 shown in FIG. 23A includes an illumination unit 1401, a spreader 1402, a power supply line 1403, and the like. Further, as the illumination unit 1401, the light-emitting device of each of the above embodiments can be preferably applied. By applying the light-emitting device according to the embodiment of the present invention to the illumination unit 1401 of the ceiling lamp 1400, it is possible to obtain a bright and natural-looking illumination light with less power consumption, and it is possible to realize a lighting fixture having high color rendering properties. Further, it is also possible to realize a lighting fixture that emits a surface that emits light with uniform illumination and high color purity.

Further, as an application example of the light-emitting device, for example, it can be applied to the illumination holder shown in Fig. 23B. The illumination holder 1500 shown in FIG. 23B includes an illumination unit 1501, a holder 1502, a power switch 1503, a power supply line 1504, and the like. Further, as the illumination unit 1501, the light-emitting device of each of the above embodiments can be preferably applied. By applying the light-emitting device according to the embodiment of the present invention to the illumination unit 1501 of the illumination holder 1500, it is possible to obtain illumination light having a bright and natural color with less power consumption, and it is possible to realize a lighting fixture having high color rendering properties. Further, it is also possible to realize a lighting fixture that emits a surface that emits light with uniform illumination and high color purity.

[Industrial availability]

Aspects of the present invention are applicable to a light-emitting element, and more particularly, to a display device, a display system, a lighting device, a lighting system, and the like.

10‧‧‧Lighting device

11‧‧‧Substrate

11a‧‧‧One side of the substrate 11

12‧‧‧First electrode (lower electrode)

13‧‧‧Second electrode (upper electrode)

14‧‧‧Organic light-emitting layer

15 ‧ ‧ barrier

F1‧‧‧Light emitted in the direction of the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 12

F2‧‧‧light emitted in the direction toward the non-transmissive second electrode (upper electrode)

F3‧‧‧Light emitted in the direction of the surface expansion (the direction perpendicular to the direction of the laminate)

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the first embodiment of the light-emitting device according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 138 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the third embodiment of the light-emitting device according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the fourth embodiment of the light-emitting device according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the seventh embodiment of the light-emitting device according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the shape of a barrier rib.

Fig. 16B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the shape of the barrier rib.

Fig. 16C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the shape of the barrier rib.

Fig. 16D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the shape of the barrier rib.

Fig. 16E is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the shape of the barrier rib.

Fig. 17A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a barrier rib.

Fig. 17B is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a barrier rib.

Fig. 17C is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a barrier rib.

Fig. 17D is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a barrier rib.

Fig. 17E is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a barrier rib.

Fig. 17F is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a barrier rib.

Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 20A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention; Surface map.

Figure 20B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 21A is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 21B is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 22A is a perspective view showing a display device as an application example of the light-emitting device of the present invention.

Fig. 22B is an external view showing a display device which is an application example of the light-emitting device of the present invention.

Fig. 23A is an external view showing a lighting device as an application example of the light-emitting device of the present invention.

Fig. 23B is an external view showing a lighting device which is an application example of the light-emitting device of the present invention.

Fig. 24A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 24B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 25A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 25B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 26A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 26B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment; Surface map.

Fig. 27A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 27B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 28A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 28B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 29A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 29B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 30A is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 30B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting device according to a modification of the nineteenth embodiment.

Fig. 31A is a cross-sectional view showing a change in shape of a barrier rib.

Fig. 31B is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier rib.

Fig. 31C is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier rib.

Fig. 31D is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier.

Fig. 31E is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier.

Fig. 31F is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier rib.

Fig. 31G is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier.

Fig. 31H is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier.

Fig. 31I is a cross-sectional view showing the shape change of the barrier rib.

Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

10‧‧‧Lighting device

11‧‧‧Substrate

11a‧‧‧One side of the substrate 11

12‧‧‧First electrode (lower electrode)

13‧‧‧Second electrode (upper electrode)

14‧‧‧Organic light-emitting layer

15 ‧ ‧ barrier

F1‧‧‧Light emitted in the direction of the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 12

F2‧‧‧light emitted in the direction toward the non-transmissive second electrode (upper electrode)

F3‧‧‧Light emitted in the direction of the surface expansion (the direction perpendicular to the direction of the laminate)

Claims (16)

A light-emitting device comprising: a light-transmitting substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode sequentially stacked on one surface of the substrate; an organic light-emitting layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and at least The first electrode is divided into a first barrier rib of a specific region, and the first barrier rib includes a material having light reflectivity. The illuminating device of claim 1, wherein the second electrode has a light blocking property. The light-emitting device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first electrode comprises a material having light transmissivity. The illuminating device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first barrier rib comprises a white material. The light-emitting device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the material contained in the first barrier is further a material having light diffusibility. The light-emitting device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first barrier rib comprises a resin and fine light-reflecting particles dispersed in the resin. The light-emitting device of claim 6, wherein the light-reflecting particles have a particle diameter of 200 nm to 5 μm. The illuminating device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first barrier rib includes a second barrier rib, a third barrier rib, and a light reflecting film, wherein the second barrier rib is formed on the substrate, and the light reflecting film covers the second barrier rib. The third barrier covers the light reflecting film, and the third barrier includes a material having light transmissivity. The illuminating device of claim 8, wherein the second barrier is black. The light-emitting device of claim 8, wherein the material contained in the third barrier layer further has light scattering properties. The light-emitting device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the substrate between the substrate and the first electrode. The light-emitting device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a wavelength conversion layer disposed between the substrate and the first electrode. The illuminating device of claim 12, wherein the second barrier rib is further provided on a side surface of the wavelength conversion layer, and the second barrier rib comprises a material having light reflectivity. The light-emitting device of claim 12, wherein either or both of the substrate and the wavelength conversion layer and between the substrate and the first electrode further comprise a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the substrate. A display device is provided with a light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2, and a driving portion that controls light emission of the light-emitting device with respect to the light-emitting device. A lighting device configured to drive a light-emitting device for controlling the light-emitting device of the light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2.