201243213 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係相關於裝飾用面板，尤其是相關於具有發光 二極體的裝飾與發光用面板。 【先前技術】 發光二極體或LED原先被用來構成用電的或電子設 備的指示燈或警報燈，及近些年來已保證諸如發信燈等發 信裝置、電動運輸交通工具燈（指示器、側燈）、或可攜 式或燈塔的照明。 二極體的優點在於其使用壽命長，發光效率、堅固性 、使利用他們的產品更持久、及需要的服務少。 近來，它們的使用已擴展到鏡子的領域，以便提供發 光鏡。 從歐洲專利申請案EP 1 834 5 5 1已知具有二極體的發 光鏡。此種鏡子被設計如下：藉由疊層完成鏡子功能之在 背面反射的玻璃薄片，具有中間透明疊層結構以及具有透 明玻璃薄片作爲正面。 二極體被插入到0.76 mm聚乙烯醇縮丁醛（PVB)疊 層中間層，且藉由導電層與沉積在反射玻璃薄片上之絕緣 區連接。二極體包含指向機構，用以以實質上垂直於透明 玻璃薄片的方式來定位射線。 而且二極體被不偏不倚地分散在形成在3.15 mm的透 明正面玻璃中之透明窗四周及如此這般構成鏡子。面向二 -5- 201243213 極體的表面被噴沙以散射光線。 然而，此種鏡子在生產上是複雜的，昂貴，及其光學 性能並非最佳。 【發明內容】 本發明的目的在於建議裝飾與發光用二極體面板，其 更簡易且更具有光學效率，及與工業需求（簡易性、生產 速度、可靠性等等）更加相容。 而且本發明打算加寬裝飾與發光用面板的範圍。 爲此，本發明首先建議裝飾與發光用面板，其包含： •鑲嵌玻璃，尤其是平面的，礦物或甚至有機玻璃的 ，具有形成正面之第一主要面和形成背面之第二主要面， •至少一第一裝飾區，尤其是形成鏡子，在正面可看 得見， •至少一第一群發光二極體，在背面的側邊上及在背 面上或上方較佳；二極體具有可見範圍中之給定的發射光 譜，尤其是色彩變化的，二極體的每一個具有主要發射射 線F，被稱作第一給定主要射線，二極體尤其是沿著軸對 準， •至少一第一發光區，尤其是拉長的，透過來自該第 —群二極體的光線，在正面可看得見，及鄰接第一裝飾區 ，該第一發光區係設置有與鑲嵌玻璃相關聯之第一漫射機 構。 所發出的第一群之各個二極體的光束被發散且由至少 -6- 201243213 3(Γ的中高半角來界定（依據射線F角度〇。來界定眾所皆 知的角度α)，第一群的鄰接二極體之光束重疊在第一漫 射機構的表面上。 二極體被配置，以便第一主要射線F實質上平行於平 面鑲嵌玻璃（或若鑲嵌玻璃被拱起則平行於鑲嵌玻璃的中 間平面），典型上相對於鑲嵌玻璃上至+/ - 5 °。 而且，平面另外包含軌道，其形成來自該第一群的二 極體之光線的反射器，單塊的或幾部分接合的較佳，及位 在背面側，覆蓋或固定至面板，反射器包含： •主要反射表面，面向一群二極體，尤其是平面或相 對於第一群二極體呈凹形，傾斜於背面，及能夠直接接收 包括第一主要射線F的該第一群二極體之所謂的中央射線 ’且在二極體與主要反射表面之間的區域中將它們（單獨 )返回到第一漫射機構上， •所謂的上反射表面，尤其是接合至主要反射表面， 面向背面，及能夠直接接收偏離背面的該第一群二極體之 所謂的上橫向射線，且將它們（單獨）返回到 •第一漫射機構上’面向所有或至少大多數的上 反射表面之寬度或甚至面向所有或至少大多數的主要反射 表面之寬度， •或者到主要反射表面上（其將它們返回到第― 漫射機構上）， 主要反射表面和上反射表面的範圍係使得上橫向射線 的至少80%或甚至100%朝第一漫射機構反射。 201243213 在習知技藝中，二極體面向鑲嵌玻璃，用以完全直接 照明。過度發光點（焦點）被形成面向二極體，甚至以量 身訂作的漫射機構仍難以移除這些點與二極體之間的區域 之間的反差。根據本發明，最強烈的中央射線首先遭遇到 主要反射表面，而後第一漫射機構，然後照明較柔和且更 加同質地被分散而沒有炫光。 而且選擇發散光束（及如習知技藝一般未平行），以 便將光線充分散佈在擴散機構上。 二極體被定位以便形成縱長的連續發光區。第一群的 鄰接二極體之間的“群組內”距離對所有二極體而言完全相 同較佳，以便簡化光束的重疊。 在本發明中，已知措辭“發光二極體”（或簡而言之爲 二極體）意指準點狀光源，一般是無機的，典型上以半導 電微晶片爲基礎，來源與提供廣大的發光表面之OLE D ( 有機二極體）不同。 由於劃分光線之主要反射表面，所以裝飾區不接收任 何（或少許）二極體的光線。 如此，裝飾區鄰接反射器，不面向主要反射表面和上 反射表面（二極體側）。 主要反射表面使其能夠減少第一發光區的面積之寬度 及其形狀，帶狀較佳，及使其能夠留下同樣可調整尺寸和 形狀的鄰接裝飾區。例如，（連續的）裝飾區被保留超過 至少30%或甚至大部分的鑲嵌玻璃的面積，60或甚至80% 201243213 相對於鑲嵌玻璃的面積之上反射表面的範圍是有限的 〇 第一發光區是拉長的及選擇軌道式（長於寬度之組件 )的反射器。第一發光區典型上爲具有第一縱向邊緣和第 二縱向邊緣之發光帶。 較佳的是’若第一發光區爲周邊的，則主要反射表面 在離鑲嵌玻璃的中央最遠之第一縱向邊緣的側邊上（及二 極體較接近鑲嵌玻璃邊緣附近的第二縱向邊緣）。 較佳的是，反射器軌道不包含任何牆壁（實質上垂直 的）在軌道的（有用）長度之上，尤其是（橫向）劃分第 一群的一個二極體或複數個二極體。 發光區的設計非常有彈性。 利用幾群二極體，能夠形成幾個有區別或無區別的發 光區。 爲了形成有區別取向的發光帶，尤其是發光框，L或 發光十字的，能夠使用適當形狀的反射器，作爲用於主要 反射表面和上反射表面，或者甚至用於包含二極體和面向 主要反射表面之所謂的橫向表面的單一組件較佳。 爲了盡可能慎重及最大化裝飾區的面積，反射器佔據 有限空間較佳。 第一發光區的面積（尤其是寬度）可實質上等於第一 漫射機構的面積（尤其是寬度），如此避免透過赤裸裸的 發光區、透明鑲嵌玻璃、漫射區外面中的強光。而且，第 —發光區的寬度然後實質上等於反射器的寬度。 -9- 201243213 第一發光區（第一漫射機構較佳）的第一縱向邊緣可 以是直線或彎曲的。第一發光區（帶狀）可以是直線或彎 曲的。第一發光區可以是環狀的，或具有形成圓形或橢圓 形之縱向邊緣的至少其中之一。尤其是，選擇形成圓形或 橢圓形以及劃定發光區之縱向邊緣的其中之一界線的主要 反射表面。 較佳的是，爲了更加簡化，該群的二極體被選擇具有 相同的（單一）發射F之主要方向。 而且較佳的是，關於均一照明，二極體被選擇具有相 同的光譜，單色或色彩變化的。 發射圓錐體可以相對於F對稱或不對稱。發射圓錐體 例如可以是朗伯的。 中高半角可以是至少50°、至少60°較佳、或甚至至少 70° 〇 藉由主要反射表面所重新引導之中央射線可形成該群 的7極體之總發射通量的至少3 0%，或甚至二極體的總通 量之至少5 0 %。 能夠爲群組的各個二極體界定一組發光射線，用以在 發射的主要方向四周的發射圓錐體中形成中央射線，及對 應於此同一二極體所發出的通量之至少30%或甚至到50% 〇 爲了決定藉由一群二極體所發出之稱作S2的總通量 ’使用以習知方式配置之測角器，以便測量所發出的此組 (主要）射線。 -10- 201243213 爲了決定稱作s1之反射的總通量，使用所配置的測 角器，以便測量此群二極體的（主要）所發出及被反射器 反射之射線。S1/S2大於或等於30%較佳或甚至50%。 根據本發明之主要反射表面亦可用於再循環藉由漫射 機構背面散射及/或藉由二極體的支援（尤其是二極體的 PCB支援）上之二極體的任一側反射之光。 上反射表面可從主要反射表面延伸（尤其是藉由延伸 組件及/或藉由添加反射層在飾面牆上），直到其接收最 多橫向射線（發散）爲止。 自然地，根據本發明，直接朝背面前進（未遭遇到反 射）之下橫向射線的至少部分（或甚至全部）（也就是說 超出中央射線）遇到第一漫射機構。 根據本發明的反射器可包含所發出的射線之反射的第 一限制區，尤其是反射器之（主要反射表面的）第一末端 (山脊等等），其與發射F的主要方向形成角度α1，第 一漫射機構的範圍係使得所謂的下橫向射線之大多數或甚 至至少80%或甚至100%超出αΐ，及在背面的方向上被第 一漫射機構漫射。 若所發出的射線之反射的第一限制區碰到背面或非常 接近背面’則當然不需要延伸第一漫射機構超出接觸區（ 在二極體的距離之方向上）。 若所發出的射線之反射的第一限制區未碰到背面或距 離背面太遠’則希望延伸第一漫射機構超出所謂的邊境區 中之主要反射表面的末端下方之區域（在二極體的距離之 -11 - 201243213 方向上），以便將射線的最大値用於第一發光區。較佳的 是，將發光邊境區的寬度限制到低於1 0 mm。 而且，能夠將第一漫射機構上至最大發散射線的位準 (也就是說，藉由對應於發射的最大角度之一半的角度所 界定）遇到背面較佳。 關於中央射線的反射，主要反射表面可形成銳角20。 至60°，尤其是相對於背面的30°到50°。 主要反射表面延伸直到其與背面相接觸爲止，或者直 到其與背面留下最多小於5 mm的空隙爲止。 主要反射表面及/或上反射表面可以是反射層（鏡面 或漫反射），例如： •發光的金屬層（尤其是具有大於或等於70 %或甚至 80%之反射係數的鏡面反射）或墊子（漫反射）， •漫射層（琺瑯、白色亮光漆等等）。 具有上反射表面的反射器之所謂的主要部分及/或具 有上反射表面之反射器的所謂的上部分及/或包含此群二 極體的反射器之所謂的橫向部分可包含基板（礦物較佳） •例如被塗佈有反射層（鏡面或漫反射）， •被塗佈有發光金屬層（尤其是具有大於或等於70% 或甚至80%之反射係數的鏡面反射）或墊子（漫反射）， •被塗佈有漫射層（琺瑯、白色亮光漆等等）， •具有特定結構或粗糙以便漫射； •其爲金屬的，尤其是電鍍鋁。 -12- 201243213 在較佳實施例中，形成反射器之軌道爲金屬的，厚度 低於或等於3 mm或甚至1 mm較佳，其包含： •傾斜於背面之拉長的所謂主要部分，尤其是平面或 朝向二極體的凹形，包含該主要反射表面， •拉長的所謂上部分，其延伸主要部分，尤其是平面 或朝向二極體的凹形，面向背面，包含上反射表面。 典型上，能夠藉由彎曲及/或曲率及/或藉由塑模及/或 藉由擠壓加工來形成主要反射表面和上反射表面。 根據本發明的反射器軌道可具有喇叭L型十字區（藉 由主要部分和上部分所形成），或甚至藉由主要部分和上 部分和包含二極體的橫向部分所形成之L型十字區。 主要部分可顯示出末端，其與背面間隔開，及朝向與 二極體相對的方向彎曲，以便分散光束，尤其是藉由右十 字區的平面軌道組件的摺疊回來（尤其是薄片金屬）。 較佳的是，第一群的二極體係配置在是軌道的組件上 ，軌道爲金屬較佳，尤其是鋁、銅、或不銹鋼的，如此形 成第一導熱體。 如此，二極體未直接連接到鑲嵌玻璃上的連接電路， 而是固定至軌道（反射器的形成部分較佳）。如此在整合 到面板內之前能夠完成此軌道上之二極體的測試，藉以減 少面板的報廢率。同樣地，如果必要的話（維修、顏色的 改變、電力的），亦容易移除此種二極體載體軌道。 此軌道能夠選用地包含其他群二極體，以便形成另一 發光帶，例如沿著第一發光帶的延伸處。 -13- 201243213 而且，藉由導熱體來移除熱可避免二極體的效率退化 ’結果保證提供更好的發光效率及保證二極體的長壽。 以有利的方式’第一群的二極體（尤其是實質上對準 的）被（規律地）分佈在第一拉長的共同支撑之上，第一 支撐爲印刷電路板’尤其是配置在（尤其是金屬的）軌道 上之條狀物較佳。 印刷電路板或PC B爲寬板或窄條狀形式。其由塑膠所 組成或金屬的。通常，條狀是金屬的，而板狀係由塑膠所 製成。 (PCB )二極體支撐可以是任何形狀，例如平面的， 尤其是例如正方形或矩形十字區的直線條狀。使用已陳述 之此種支撐與其連接電路進一步簡化面板的製造和維修， 及進一步限制報廢率。 已見到移除熱避免使二極體的效率退化，及結果保證 提供更好的發光效率及確保二極體的長壽。 再者，以有利的方式，尤其是關於中間或高電力的二 極體，第一（PCB)支撐可牢固地黏合至金屬型的第一導 熱體（尤其是鋁、銅、或不銹鋼），該第一導熱體係藉由 反射器的（橫向）部分所形成較佳，該第一支撐整合散熱 機構及/或與連接到第一導熱體的散熱機構相關聯。 與二極體的第一（PCB )支撐整合及/或相關聯之散熱 機構係被構成如下：由金屬型之第一支撐的構成材料，或 者藉由整合到第一電絕緣支撐內的金屬表面，及選用地藉 由用以固定該第一支撐到尤其是藉由反射器（3)的一部 -14- 201243213 分所形成之導熱的該第一導熱體之黏合機構，黏合機構爲 導熱黏著劑型或膠型，及若支撐爲電絕緣體則係由電絕緣 的材料所製成。 較佳的是，（PCB )二極體支撐爲金屬，及二極體係 焊接在與金屬材料電絕緣之軌道上。支撐的金屬材料爲導 熱體，支撐可直接靠著導熱體以獲得散熱。 可例如藉由以夾子固定或以螺釘擰緊來完成固定（ PCB )支撐到導熱體。能夠插入導熱體（諸如熱油脂、熱 黏膠帶、及/或熱膠等等）以獲得更好的散熱，因此獲得 更好的發光效率和長壽命的二極體。 黏附膠帶顯示出提供校準厚度，使支撐能夠成爲完美 平面，及保證二極體距反射器全都是同等距離之有利點。 而且，黏附膠帶使其先行固定至支撐。 透過雙面黏附或可熟化膠水（其未提供立即固定）來 安裝（PCB )二極體支撐較佳，因爲其能夠相對定位小尺 寸的支撐在反射器上。 利用塑膠（PCB )二極體支撐，二極體係焊接在添加 支撐的兩相對面上且橫越其厚度之散熱表面上（被稱作“ 熱墊”）。固定一定要透過黏合與散熱表面相關聯之電絕 緣材料的導熱體來完成。導熱黏合材料例如是膠水或導熱 雙面黏附膠帶，如上述。 關於更好的發光效率，第一（PCB)支撐可包含自由 表面（平面或傾斜）在第一群二極體和漫射四周，例如亮 光漆或塗料。例如使用白色反射器。 -15- 201243213 根據一特徵，可封裝二極體，也就是說包含半導體微 晶片及封裝微晶片之包線，例如磊晶或PMMA型樹脂。此 包線可以是多功能的：免於氧化和濕氣，轉換波長，漫射 元件。 二極體例如可以是約一百μιη或1 mm的等級之尺寸 的半導體微晶片；及選用地具有例如用於保護的最小封裝 。不一定使用光學，諸如引導由二極體所發出的光朝偏好 的區域之透鏡等。二極體可嵌入在一般保護材料中（防水 、防麈等等）。 較佳的是，二極體如此可以是簡單的微晶片或具有尤 其是SMD ( “表面安裝元件”）或“晶片板”型的低體積之封 裝，而非低電力和發光效率之塊狀習知（第一代）二極體 〇 二極體可以是： •“中間電力”二極體，也就是說大於0.1 w或具有大 於或等於8流明（lumen)的亮度， •“高電力”二極體，也就是說大於或等於1 W或具有 大於或等於80流明（lumen)的亮度》 從尺寸觀點，能夠爲二極體設想下面特徵的至少其中 之一： •二極體的高度小於1 cm或甚至小於5 mm， •二極體的寬度小於1 cm (直徑）， •二極體完全相同及以群組內距離規律間隔開，群組 Θ距離係指定連續二極體的軸之間的距離，選用地與二極 -16- 201243213 體的固有尺寸相同等級的， •第一群二極體的數目至少等於10。 二極體的堅固性尤其有利於諸如火車、 士、遊輪等公共運輸等中的密集使用。 一群或幾群二極體可被耦合至驅動機構 各種強度以指定顏色或各種顏色來永久或間 ，尤其是作爲自然光的量之功能。 在簡易設計中，形成反射器（3 )的軌 屬的）包含： •拉長的所謂主要部分，尤其是金屬的 ，包含主要反射表面（30)， •拉長的所謂上部分，尤其是金屬的， 分，面向背面，包含上反射表面， 而且形成反射器的軌道包含拉長的所謂 其是金屬的，其延伸上部分，尤其是平面的 於背表面，及其包含二極體和是印刷電路板 一支撐較佳。 而且在後一形式中，第一發光區爲具有 和第二縱向邊緣之發光帶，到第一面上之主 末端之垂直突出實質上對應於發光帶及甚至 一縱向邊緣，及第一發光帶的寬度實質上等 構的寬度較佳，及對應於到橫向部分與主要 度之鑲嵌玻璃上的垂直突出。 面板可包含主要反射表面或甚至橫向反 飛機、長途巴 ，使其能夠以 歇地發出光線 道（尤其是金 ，傾斜於背面 其延伸主要部 橫向部分，尤 且實質上垂直 之二極體的第 第一縱向邊緣 要部分的內部 漫射機構的第 於第一漫射機 部分之間的寬 射部分的末端 -17- 201243213 之所謂的正面遮罩之機構，係選自形成鏡子之反射層、漫 射層、裝飾層，尤其是彩色的，及尤其是與第一漫射機構 或與第一裝飾區相同的類型較佳。 例如製作寬於發光區之第一漫射區或伸長在主要部分 下方之第一裝飾區就足夠》 第一發光區可以是周邊的，及反射器藉由包含二極體 之橫向部分可圍繞鑲嵌玻璃的全部或部分，及可包含與正 面的主要邊緣相接觸之返回較佳。 根據本發明的面板可包含另一群二極體；另一第一發 光區，尤其沿著第一選定周邊發光區的相對邊緣或鄰接邊 緣。 反射器可以是一片的，如此用於幾個發光區，及甚至 可包含沿著鑲嵌玻璃的幾個或甚至所有邊緣之幾群二極體 。反射器例如爲單塊組件，尤其是框。 在本發明的一設計中，第一發光區在正面的第一邊緣 上是周邊的，面板包含第二群二極體及在與第一邊緣相反 之正面的第二邊緣上且設置有與該鑲嵌玻璃相關聯之第二 漫射機構之第二周邊發光區，反射器包含面向裝飾區之中 央鏈結部分較佳，係在包含主要反射表面之所謂的主要部 分與具有第二主要反射表面之另一所謂的主要部分之間， 第二主要反射表面面向第二群二極體，能夠直接接收包括 第一主要射線的該第二群二極體之所謂的中央射線，且在 第二群二極體與第二主要反射表面之間的區域中（藉由反 射）將它們返回到第二漫射機構上。 -18- 201243213 在本發明的另一設計中，裝飾區爲周邊的，及第一發 光區爲較中央的，面板包含框，其圍繞鑲嵌玻璃的所有或 部分及包含與正面的邊緣相接觸之返回較佳。 第一發光區包含彎曲縱向邊緣，尤其是形成圓形，及 主要反射部分亦爲彎曲的（在其長度上），尤其是以圓形 的（弧）之形式劃定彎曲的縱向邊緣界線。此第一發光區 例如是周邊的及第一裝飾區爲中央環形，反之亦然。 根據本發明的面板可包含此單一簡易鑲嵌玻璃。 利用單一鑲嵌玻璃，根據本發明的面板是簡單、輕量 、容易操作、安裝、且小型。 第一發光區覆蓋鑲嵌玻璃的（功能、可見）區之小部 分，例如在大型裝有玻璃的區域之例子中的極窄發光區（ 帶狀等等）。 尤其是，（任何可能形狀的）第一發光區之（最大） 寬度（恆定或可變寬度）小於200 mm或甚至小於或等於 100 mm較佳，尤其是以便留下顯著的裝飾區。 第一發光區可以是周邊的，尤其是沿著面板邊緣，及 裝飾區更中央，如此比裝飾區離二極體更遠。 第一發光區可以在面板的給定區域中，例如中央區， 及裝飾區可更周邊。 從尺寸觀點來看，能夠設想下面特徵的至少其中之一 •第一發光區（其爲第一漫射機構的寬度較佳）的寬 度小於鑲嵌玻璃之寬度的30% (或甚至20%或10% )， 19· 201243213 •到鑲嵌玻璃上之反射器的寬度之垂直突出的寬度小 於鑲嵌玻璃之寬度的3 0%，或甚至小於20 %或小於10%， •第一（連續）裝飾區的寬度大於或等於鑲嵌玻璃之 寬度的50%或甚至大於或等於70%或大於或等於80%或 9 0%， •第一發光區的長度至少50 mm，及尤其是實質上等 於具有角之鑲嵌玻璃的橫向或縱向邊緣之長度（正方形、 矩形等等）， •反射器的長度等於第一漫射機構的長度， •第一（PCB)支撐的長度實質上等於反射器的長度 •第一（PCB)支撐的厚度小於1 cm或甚至5 mm。 第一裝飾區（單一或多個、均勻或非均勻）可選自： •形成鏡子之反射區，係藉由在鑲嵌玻璃上（尤其是 在背面上）沉積反射塗層（例如鍍銀），具有藉由腐蝕該 鏡子所形成之第一漫射機構較佳， •及/或半透明區，由锻面，例如藉由鑲嵌玻璃的紋理 所製成， •及/或不透光及/或彩色區，藉由不透光及/或彩色塗 層，或者藉由著色在塊狀物中之鑲嵌玻璃。201243213 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a decorative panel, and more particularly to a panel for decoration and lighting having a light-emitting diode. [Prior Art] A light-emitting diode or LED was originally used to constitute an indicator light or an alarm light for a powered or electronic device, and in recent years, a transmitting device such as a transmitting light, an electric transport vehicle lamp (instructions) have been secured (instructions) , side lights), or portable or lighthouse lighting. The advantages of diodes are their long life, luminous efficiency, robustness, longer lasting use of their products, and less service required. Recently, their use has expanded into the field of mirrors to provide light mirrors. A luminaire having a diode is known from the European patent application EP 1 834 5 51. Such a mirror is designed as follows: a glass sheet which is reflected on the back side by lamination to complete the mirror function, has an intermediate transparent laminated structure and has a transparent glass sheet as a front side. The diode is inserted into an intermediate layer of a 0.76 mm polyvinyl butyral (PVB) laminate and is joined to the insulating region deposited on the reflective glass sheet by a conductive layer. The diode includes a pointing mechanism for positioning the radiation in a manner substantially perpendicular to the transparent glass sheet. Moreover, the diodes are dispersed unbiasedly around the transparent window formed in the transparent front glass of 3.15 mm and thus constitute a mirror. Faced with two -5- 201243213 The surface of the polar body is sandblasted to scatter light. However, such mirrors are complicated in production, expensive, and their optical properties are not optimal. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a diode panel for decoration and illumination, which is simpler and more optically efficient, and more compatible with industrial requirements (simplicity, production speed, reliability, etc.). Moreover, the present invention intends to widen the range of panels for decoration and illumination. To this end, the invention first proposes a decorative and luminescent panel comprising: • inlaid glass, in particular planar, mineral or even plexiglass, having a first major surface forming a front surface and a second major surface forming a back surface, At least one first decorative area, in particular a mirror, is visible on the front side, • at least one first group of light emitting diodes, preferably on the side of the back side and on or above the back side; the diode is visible For a given emission spectrum in the range, especially for color variations, each of the diodes has a primary emission ray F, referred to as a first given primary ray, and the diodes are especially aligned along the axis, • at least a first illuminating region, in particular elongated, passing through the light from the first group of diodes, visible on the front side, and adjacent to the first decorative region, the first illuminating region being provided with a mosaic glass The first diffusing agency. The emitted beams of the respective diodes of the first group are diverged and defined by at least -6-201243213 3 (the middle and high half angles of the Γ (defining the well-known angle α according to the ray F angle )), first The beam of the adjacent diode of the group overlaps the surface of the first diffusing mechanism. The diode is configured such that the first primary ray F is substantially parallel to the planar mosaic glass (or parallel to the mosaic if the mosaic glass is arched) The median plane of the glass, typically up to +/ - 5 ° with respect to the mosaic glass. Moreover, the plane additionally comprises tracks, which form reflectors, monolithic or parts of light from the first group of diodes Preferably, the joint is on the back side, covered or fixed to the panel, and the reflector comprises: • a primary reflective surface facing a group of diodes, in particular planar or concave relative to the first group of diodes, inclined to The back side, and the so-called central ray' capable of directly receiving the first group of diodes including the first main ray F and returning them (individually) to the first diffuse region in the region between the diode and the main reflecting surface Shooting mechanism • The so-called upper reflective surface, in particular bonded to the main reflective surface, facing the back, and capable of directly receiving the so-called upper transverse rays of the first group of diodes offset from the back side, and returning them (separately) to the first The diffusing mechanism faces the width of all or at least most of the upper reflective surface or even the width of all or at least most of the primary reflective surface, or onto the primary reflective surface (which returns them to the first diffusing mechanism) The upper reflective surface and the upper reflective surface are such that at least 80% or even 100% of the upper transverse rays are reflected toward the first diffusing mechanism. 201243213 In the prior art, the diode faces the inlaid glass for complete Direct illumination. Excessive illuminating points (focal points) are formed to face the diodes, and even a tailor-made diffusing mechanism is still difficult to remove the contrast between these points and the area between the diodes. According to the present invention, The strong central ray first encounters the main reflective surface, and then the first diffusing mechanism, then the illumination is softer and more homogeneously dispersed without glare Moreover, the diverging beams are selected (and generally not parallel as in the prior art) to spread the light sufficiently over the diffusing mechanism. The dipoles are positioned to form a longitudinally continuous illuminating region. Between the adjacent groups of the first group The "in-group" distance is exactly the same for all diodes in order to simplify the overlap of the beams. In the present invention, the term "light-emitting diode" (or simply a diode) is known. Quasi-point source, generally inorganic, typically based on semiconducting microchips, differing in source from OLE D (organic diodes) that provide a broad range of light-emitting surfaces. Does not receive any (or a little) light from the diode. Thus, the decorative area abuts the reflector, not facing the main reflective surface and the upper reflective surface (diode side). The primary reflective surface makes it possible to reduce the area of the first illuminating area The width and its shape, the ribbon shape is preferred, and it allows it to leave adjacent decorative regions of the same adjustable size and shape. For example, the (continuous) decorative area is retained for more than at least 30% or even most of the mosaic glass area, 60 or even 80%. 201243213 The range of reflective surfaces above the area of the mosaic glass is limited. It is an elongated and selective orbital (longer than the width of the reflector) reflector. The first illuminating zone is typically a luminescent strip having a first longitudinal edge and a second longitudinal edge. Preferably, if the first illuminating region is peripheral, the main reflecting surface is on the side of the first longitudinal edge furthest from the center of the inlaid glass (and the second longitudinal direction of the diode near the edge of the inlaid glass) edge). Preferably, the reflector track does not contain any walls (substantially perpendicular) above the (useful) length of the track, especially (laterally) dividing a diode or a plurality of diodes of the first group. The design of the illuminating area is very flexible. With several groups of diodes, several distinct or indistinguishable light-emitting areas can be formed. In order to form a differentially oriented light-emitting strip, in particular a light-emitting frame, L or a light-emitting cross, a suitably shaped reflector can be used as the primary reflective surface and the upper reflective surface, or even for inclusion of diodes and A single component of the so-called lateral surface of the reflective surface is preferred. In order to be as prudent as possible and to maximize the area of the decorative area, it is preferred that the reflector occupy a limited space. The area (especially the width) of the first illuminating zone may be substantially equal to the area (especially the width) of the first diffusing means, thus avoiding transmission through the naked illuminating zone, the transparent inlaid glass, and the glare in the outside of the diffusing zone. Moreover, the width of the first illumination zone is then substantially equal to the width of the reflector. -9- 201243213 The first longitudinal edge of the first illuminating zone (better of the first diffusing mechanism) may be straight or curved. The first illuminating zone (band shape) may be straight or curved. The first illuminating region may be annular or have at least one of a longitudinal edge forming a circular or elliptical shape. In particular, a primary reflecting surface that forms a circular or elliptical shape and delimits one of the longitudinal edges of the illuminating region is selected. Preferably, for further simplification, the diodes of the group are selected to have the same (single) primary direction of emission F. Moreover, preferably, for uniform illumination, the diodes are selected to have the same spectrum, monochromatic or color varying. The emission cone can be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to F. The emission cone can be, for example, Lambert. The mid-high half angle may be at least 50°, at least 60°, or even at least 70°, and the central ray redirected by the primary reflective surface may form at least 30% of the total emitted flux of the 7-pole body of the group, Or even at least 50% of the total flux of the diode. A set of ray rays can be defined for each of the diodes of the group to form a central ray in the emission cone around the main direction of emission, and corresponding to at least 30% of the flux emitted by the same diode Or even up to 50% 〇 In order to determine the total flux called S2 issued by a group of diodes, a goniometer configured in a conventional manner is used to measure the set of (primary) rays emitted. -10- 201243213 In order to determine the total flux called the reflection of s1, the configured goniometer is used to measure the (primarily) rays emitted by the group of diodes and reflected by the reflector. S1/S2 is greater than or equal to 30%, preferably even 50%. The primary reflective surface in accordance with the present invention can also be used to recirculate either side of the diode on the back side of the diffusing mechanism and/or by the support of the diode (especially the PCB support of the diode). Light. The upper reflective surface can extend from the primary reflective surface (especially by extending the component and/or by adding a reflective layer to the facing wall) until it receives the most lateral rays (diverging). Naturally, according to the present invention, at least a portion (or even all) of the transverse rays below the direct advance (not encountered reflection) (i.e., beyond the central ray) encounters the first diffusing mechanism. The reflector according to the invention may comprise a first confinement region of the emitted radiation, in particular a first end of the reflector (of the main reflecting surface) (ridge or the like) which forms an angle α1 with the main direction of the emission F The extent of the first diffusing mechanism is such that most or even at least 80% or even 100% of the so-called lower transverse rays are beyond αΐ and are diffused by the first diffusing mechanism in the direction of the back side. If the first restricted area of the reflected ray is hitting the back or very close to the back side, then of course it is not necessary to extend the first diffusing means beyond the contact area (in the direction of the distance of the diode). If the first restricted area of the reflected ray is not hitting the back or too far from the back side, then it is desirable to extend the area of the first diffusing mechanism beyond the end of the main reflecting surface in the so-called border area (in the diode) The distance -11 - 201243213 direction), in order to use the maximum ray of the ray for the first illuminating zone. Preferably, the width of the illuminated border zone is limited to less than 10 mm. Moreover, it is better to encounter the level of the first diffusing mechanism up to the maximum scatter line (that is, by the angle corresponding to one-half of the maximum angle of the emission). Regarding the reflection of the central ray, the primary reflective surface can form an acute angle 20. Up to 60°, especially 30° to 50° relative to the back. The primary reflective surface extends until it contacts the back side or until it leaves a gap of at most less than 5 mm from the back side. The primary reflective surface and/or the upper reflective surface may be a reflective layer (mirror or diffuse reflection), for example: • a luminescent metallic layer (especially a specular reflection having a reflection coefficient greater than or equal to 70% or even 80%) or a mat ( Diffuse), • diffuse layer (珐琅, white varnish, etc.). The so-called upper portion of the reflector having the upper reflecting surface and/or the so-called upper portion of the reflector having the upper reflecting surface and/or the so-called lateral portion of the reflector comprising the group of diodes may comprise a substrate (mineral comparison) Good) • For example coated with a reflective layer (mirror or diffuse reflection), • coated with a luminescent metal layer (especially specular reflection with a reflection coefficient greater than or equal to 70% or even 80%) or mat (diffuse reflection) ), • is coated with a diffusing layer (珐琅, white varnish, etc.), • has a specific structure or roughness for diffusion; • it is metallic, especially electroplated aluminum. -12- 201243213 In a preferred embodiment, the track forming the reflector is metallic, preferably less than or equal to 3 mm or even 1 mm thick, and comprises: • a so-called main portion inclined to the back, especially It is a concave shape that is planar or toward the diode, and includes the main reflective surface, • an elongated so-called upper portion that extends the main portion, especially a planar or concave shape facing the diode, facing the back surface, including the upper reflective surface. Typically, the primary reflective surface and the upper reflective surface can be formed by bending and/or curvature and/or by molding and/or by extrusion processing. The reflector track according to the present invention may have a flared L-shaped cross zone (formed by the main portion and the upper portion), or even an L-shaped cross region formed by the main portion and the upper portion and the lateral portion including the diode. . The main portion may show the end which is spaced apart from the back side and which is curved toward the opposite direction of the diode to disperse the light beam, especially by folding back of the planar track assembly of the right hex region (especially sheet metal). Preferably, the first group of two-pole systems are disposed on a component that is a track, the track being of a metal, particularly aluminum, copper, or stainless steel, thus forming a first heat conductor. Thus, the diode is not directly connected to the connection circuit on the inlaid glass, but is fixed to the track (the formation portion of the reflector is preferably). This allows the diodes on this track to be tested before being integrated into the panel, thereby reducing the panel's rejection rate. Similarly, such a diode carrier track can be easily removed if necessary (maintenance, color change, power). This track can optionally include other group diodes to form another band, such as along the extension of the first band. -13- 201243213 Moreover, the removal of heat by the heat conductor avoids the degradation of the efficiency of the diode. The results ensure better luminous efficiency and long life of the diode. In an advantageous manner, the first group of diodes (especially substantially aligned) are (regularly) distributed over the first elongated common support, the first support being a printed circuit board, in particular Strips on the track (especially metallic) are preferred. The printed circuit board or PC B is in the form of a wide or narrow strip. It consists of plastic or metal. Usually, the strips are metallic and the slabs are made of plastic. The (PCB) diode support can be of any shape, such as planar, in particular a straight strip of a square or rectangular cross. The use of such a supported support and its connection circuitry further simplifies the manufacture and maintenance of the panel and further limits the rejection rate. It has been observed that the removal of heat avoids degradation of the efficiency of the diode and, as a result, ensures better luminous efficiency and ensures long life of the diode. Furthermore, in an advantageous manner, in particular with regard to intermediate or high-power diodes, the first (PCB) support can be firmly bonded to the metal-type first heat conductor (especially aluminum, copper, or stainless steel), The first thermally conductive system is preferably formed by a (transverse) portion of the reflector that is integrated with the heat dissipating mechanism and/or associated with a heat dissipating mechanism coupled to the first thermal conductor. The heat dissipating mechanism integrated with and/or associated with the first (PCB) support of the diode is configured as follows: a constituent material of the first support of the metal type, or a metal surface integrated into the first electrically insulating support And optionally, by means of an adhesive mechanism for fixing the first support to the first heat conductor formed by a portion of the-14-201243213 portion of the reflector (3), the bonding mechanism is thermally conductively bonded The dosage form or gel type, and if supported as an electrical insulator, is made of an electrically insulating material. Preferably, the (PCB) diode support is metal and the two-pole system is soldered to a track that is electrically insulated from the metal material. The supporting metal material is a heat conductor, and the support can directly depend on the heat conductor to obtain heat dissipation. Fixing (PCB) support to the thermal conductor can be accomplished, for example, by clip fastening or screwing. It is possible to insert a heat conductor such as thermal grease, thermal adhesive tape, and/or hot glue, etc. to obtain better heat dissipation, thereby obtaining a diode having better luminous efficiency and long life. Adhesive tapes show the advantage of providing a calibrated thickness that allows the support to be perfectly flat and to ensure that the diodes are equally spaced from the reflector. Moreover, the adhesive tape is attached to the support first. Mounting (PCB) diode support is preferred by double-sided adhesion or maturable glue (which does not provide immediate fixation) because it can be positioned relative to the small-sized support on the reflector. Using a plastic (PCB) diode support, the two-pole system is soldered to the heat-dissipating surface (referred to as a "heat pad") that is applied across the opposite faces of the support and across its thickness. Fixing must be done by bonding the thermal conductor of the electrically insulating material associated with the heat dissipating surface. The thermally conductive adhesive material is, for example, a glue or a thermally conductive double-sided adhesive tape as described above. For better luminous efficiency, the first (PCB) support may comprise a free surface (planar or tilted) around the first group of diodes and diffuse, such as a varnish or coating. For example, a white reflector is used. -15- 201243213 According to one feature, a diode can be packaged, that is to say a covered wire comprising a semiconductor microchip and a packaged microchip, such as an epitaxial or PMMA type resin. This covered wire can be versatile: free of oxidation and moisture, converting wavelengths, diffusing components. The diode may, for example, be a semiconductor microchip of a size of about one hundred μm or 1 mm; and optionally have a minimum package for protection, for example. It is not necessary to use optics, such as a lens that directs light emitted by the diode toward a preferred area. The diode can be embedded in general protective materials (waterproof, floodproof, etc.). Preferably, the diode may be a simple microchip or a low volume package having, in particular, an SMD ("surface mount component") or "wafer board" type, rather than a block of low power and luminous efficiency. The known (first generation) diode 〇 diode can be: • “intermediate power” diode, that is to say greater than 0.1 w or with a brightness greater than or equal to 8 lumens, • “high power” II Polar body, that is to say greater than or equal to 1 W or having a brightness greater than or equal to 80 lumens. From a dimensional point of view, at least one of the following features can be envisaged for the diode: • The height of the diode is less than 1 Cm or even less than 5 mm, • the width of the diode is less than 1 cm (diameter), • the diodes are identical and spaced apart by the distance within the group, and the distance between the groups is specified between the axes of the continuous diodes. The distance of the ground is the same as the inherent size of the dipole-16-201243213 body. • The number of the first group of diodes is at least equal to 10. The ruggedness of the diode is particularly advantageous for intensive use in public transportation such as trains, taxis, cruise ships, and the like. A group or groups of diodes can be coupled to the drive mechanism for various strengths in a specified color or colors to be permanent or inter alia, especially as a function of the amount of natural light. In a simple design, the trajectory forming the reflector (3) comprises: • an elongated main part, in particular metallic, containing the main reflecting surface (30), • an elongated upper part, in particular a metal , the surface, the back surface, the upper reflective surface, and the track forming the reflector comprises elongated so-called metal, which extends the upper portion, especially the planar surface, and contains the diode and is printed The board is preferably supported. Also in the latter form, the first illuminating zone is a illuminating strip having a second longitudinal edge, the vertical projection to the main end of the first side substantially corresponding to the illuminating strip and even a longitudinal edge, and the first illuminating strip The width is substantially equal to the width of the iso-structure and corresponds to a vertical protrusion on the inlaid glass to the lateral portion and the main dimension. The panel may comprise a primary reflective surface or even a lateral anti-aircraft, long-distance bar, enabling it to emit light rays in a rest (especially gold, inclined to the back side of the main portion of the lateral portion of the extension, especially the substantially vertical diode) a mechanism of a so-called frontal mask of the end of the wide-spread portion between the first diffuser portion of the inner diffusing portion of the first longitudinal edge portion, -17-201243213, selected from the group consisting of a reflective layer forming a mirror, The diffusing layer, the decorative layer, in particular colored, and especially the same type as the first diffusing means or the first decorative zone are preferred. For example, making a first diffusing zone wider than the illuminating zone or elongating in the main part The first decorative area below is sufficient. The first light-emitting area may be peripheral, and the reflector may surround all or part of the mosaic glass by including a lateral portion of the diode, and may include contact with the main edge of the front surface. Preferably, the panel according to the invention may comprise another group of diodes; the other first illuminating region, in particular along the opposite edge or adjoining edge of the first selected peripheral illuminating region The reflector can be one piece, so that it can be used for several illumination zones, and can even contain several groups of diodes along several or even all edges of the mosaic glass. The reflector is for example a monolithic component, especially a frame. In a design of the present invention, the first light-emitting area is peripheral on the first edge of the front surface, and the panel includes a second group of diodes and a second edge on the opposite side of the first edge and is provided with the inlay a second peripheral illuminating region of the second diffusing mechanism associated with the glass, the reflector comprising a central link portion facing the decorative region preferably having a so-called main portion comprising a primary reflective surface and a second major reflective surface Between a so-called main portion, the second main reflective surface faces the second group of diodes, capable of directly receiving the so-called central ray of the second group of diodes including the first main ray, and the second group of diodes In the region between the body and the second major reflective surface (by reflection) they are returned to the second diffusing mechanism. -18- 201243213 In another design of the invention, the decorative area is peripheral, The first illuminating zone is relatively central, and the panel comprises a frame that preferably surrounds all or part of the inlaid glass and includes a return in contact with the edge of the front side. The first illuminating zone comprises curved longitudinal edges, in particular forming a circle, and The main reflecting portion is also curved (over its length), in particular in the form of a circular (arc), which defines a curved longitudinal edge boundary. The first illuminating region is for example a peripheral and the first decorative region is a central ring. The panel according to the invention may comprise the single simple inlaid glass. With a single inlaid glass, the panel according to the invention is simple, lightweight, easy to handle, mount, and small. The first illumination zone is covered with inlaid glass. a small portion of the (functional, visible) region, such as a very narrow illuminating region (band, etc.) in the case of a large glass-filled region. In particular, (any possible shape) of the first illuminating region (maximum) A width (constant or variable width) of less than 200 mm or even less than or equal to 100 mm is preferred, especially in order to leave a noticeable decorative area. The first illuminating zone may be peripheral, especially along the edge of the panel, and the decorative zone is more central, thus being further from the diode than the decorative zone. The first illuminating zone may be in a given area of the panel, such as the central zone, and the decorative zone may be further peripheral. From a dimensional point of view, it is conceivable that at least one of the following features: the width of the first illumination zone (which is preferably the width of the first diffusion means) is less than 30% of the width of the inlaid glass (or even 20% or 10) % ), 19· 201243213 • The width of the vertical projection of the width of the reflector onto the inlaid glass is less than 30% of the width of the inlaid glass, or even less than 20% or less than 10%, • The first (continuous) decorative area The width is greater than or equal to 50% of the width of the inlaid glass or even greater than or equal to 70% or greater than or equal to 80% or 90%, • the length of the first illumination zone is at least 50 mm, and in particular substantially equal to the mosaic of the corners The length of the lateral or longitudinal edge of the glass (square, rectangular, etc.), • the length of the reflector is equal to the length of the first diffusing mechanism, • the length of the first (PCB) support is substantially equal to the length of the reflector • first ( The PCB) supports a thickness of less than 1 cm or even 5 mm. The first decorative zone (single or multiple, uniform or non-uniform) may be selected from: • a reflective zone forming a mirror by depositing a reflective coating (eg, silver plating) on the inlaid glass, particularly on the back side, Preferably, the first diffusing means formed by etching the mirror, and/or a translucent area, made of a forged surface, for example by a mosaic glass texture, and/or opaque and/or The colored areas are either opaque and/or colored, or by inlaid glass colored in the lumps.
確保鏡子功能之反射表面通常是以銀爲基礎的層。鏡 子可以是來自公司 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS的產品 SGG Miralite ’具有抗氧化保護塗料，或作爲以鉻爲基礎的變 形’諸如來自公司 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS的產品 SGG -20- 201243213Make sure that the reflective surface of the mirror function is usually a silver-based layer. The mirror may be from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS. SGG Miralite 'has an antioxidant protection coating, or as a chromium-based deformation' such as the product from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS SGG -20- 201243213
Mirastar 等。 與第一漫射機構相關聯之鑲嵌玻璃顯現出低於85%、 4 0及8 5 %之間較佳的發光透射。 漫射機構配置在玻璃的厚度中及/或在背面上較佳， 它們被如此保護，及與外面環境相接觸之正面可以是平滑 且可容易清潔的。 第一漫射機構與背面更具關聯性較佳，例如，第一漫 射機構係藉由鑲嵌玻璃的表面紋裡所形成，尤其是噴沙， 酸化、磨蝕、或藉由以琺瑯或漫射層的絲網印刷來添加漫 射元件尤其作爲一層，或者依據與鑲嵌玻璃疊層之漫射塑 膠來形成。 酸腐蝕、噴沙、蝕刻（藉由雷射是有利的）、或絲網 印刷將較佳，因爲這些提供可容易控制及企業可再生之所 處理的區域之定界。 能夠引用來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 的 Satinovo®玻 璃以及具有來自 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 的漫射層 Smoothlite®之玻璃作爲酸化玻璃。 (裸）鑲嵌玻璃可具有至少70%或甚至至少80%之 TL。鑲嵌玻璃係可由透明或甚至超透明礦物玻璃製成。關 於超透明玻璃，能夠爲超透明玻璃的組成參考專利申請案 WO04/025 3 3 4。能夠選擇尤其是具有低於Fe III或Fe203 的 0.05%之silico-sodo-calcic玻璃。能夠選擇例如來自 SAINT-GOBAIN 的 Diamant®玻璃、來自 SAINT-GOBAIN 的 Diamant Solaire®玻璃、來自 SAINT-GOBAIN 的 Albarino® -21 - 201243213 玻璃（具有紋裡或平滑的），來自Pilkington的OptiWHITE® 玻璃、來自Schott的B270®玻璃。 而且，由於其多種好處，所以礦物玻璃用於鑲嵌玻璃 較佳： •玻璃顯現出良好的耐熱性，其可被選擇給二極體， 儘管它們構成熱斑點， •玻璃在機械性上是強的，以便其顯現出容易清潔及 不劃傷’藉以特別有利於安裝在必須完全衛生之處的面板 ， •玻璃符合火力安全標準的要求。 經由例子’尤其依據審美解釋或想要的光學作用及/ 或面板的目的： •標準組成玻璃，諸如稍微綠色之來自公司SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 的 Planilux®玻璃， •具有沒有色彩（中性）之超透明玻璃，諸如來自公 司 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 的 Diamant®玻璃和 Diamant S ο 1 a i r e ® 玻璃， •金字塔型的印花玻璃，諸如來自公司SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS的Albarino®玻璃，以建立在面向照明單 元的外面環境之基板的外面上之三角錐形式浮雕， •顯現出更好的機械強度之堅固玻璃， •透過其正面具有額外的鑲嵌玻璃之疊層玻璃，第一 漫射機構然後可能在®層中間層上或在額外的鑲嵌玻璃上 或鑲嵌玻璃中， -22- 201243213 •著色玻璃。 根據本發明之面板可包括任何其他功能性塗層（防刮 痕、防塵等等）。 第一發光區的照明可以是裝飾用、架構性的，用於發 信或用於顯示。 裝飾與發光用面板尤其可以是： •用於建築公司，作爲天花板燈光、壁磚、隔間， •用於運輸交通工具，尤其是公共運輸的，火車，地 下鐵’有軌電車，巴士或水上或航空交通工具（飛機）， •用於道路或城市照明， •用於城市傢俱面板，作爲巴士遮蔽的一部分，欄杆 ’展示架，或玻璃展示櫃，用於棚架元件， •用於內部陳設傢倶鑲嵌玻璃，浴室牆壁，傢俱的品 項。 【實施方式】 爲了清楚’具體指定所陳述的物體之各種元件（包括 角度）不一定按照比例。而且，在圖式中，發光射線不— 定嚴格遵循光學法則。 圖1爲槪要陳述本發明的第一實施例中之具有發光二 極體100的裝飾與發光用面板之橫剖面圖。 面板1 0 0包含： •平面礦物玻璃之單一鑲嵌玻璃1，例如正方形或矩 形玻璃薄片，具有形成背面的第一主要面.u和形成正面Mirastar et al. The inlaid glass associated with the first diffusing mechanism exhibits a preferred illuminating transmission of less than 85%, 40% and 85 %. The diffusing means are preferably disposed in the thickness of the glass and/or on the back side, they are so protected, and the front surface in contact with the outer environment can be smooth and easily cleanable. The first diffusing mechanism is more closely related to the back surface, for example, the first diffusing mechanism is formed by the surface grain of the mosaic glass, especially sandblasting, acidification, abrasion, or by rubbing or diffusing. Screen printing of the layers is used to add diffusing elements, especially as a layer, or in accordance with a diffusing plastic laminated with a mosaic glass. Acid etching, sand blasting, etching (which is advantageous by laser), or screen printing will be preferred because these provide a demarcation of the areas that can be easily controlled and processed by the enterprise. It is possible to quote Satinovo® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS and glass with a diffusing layer of Smoothlite® from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS as acidified glass. The (naked) inlaid glass may have a TL of at least 70% or even at least 80%. The inlaid glass system can be made of transparent or even ultra-clear mineral glass. Reference is made to the patent application WO 04/025 3 3 4 for the composition of ultra-clear glass for ultra-clear glass. It is possible to select, in particular, a silico-sodo-calcic glass having a content of 0.05% lower than Fe III or Fe203. Ability to select, for example, Diamant® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN, Diamant Solaire® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN, Albarino® -21 - 201243213 glass from SAINT-GOBAIN (with grain or smooth), OptiWHITE® glass from Pilkington, B270® glass from Schott. Moreover, due to its many advantages, mineral glass is preferred for inlaid glass: • Glass exhibits good heat resistance, which can be selected for diodes, although they constitute hot spots, • Glass is mechanically strong So that it appears to be easy to clean and not scratched 'so that it is particularly advantageous for installation in panels that must be completely hygienic, • Glass meets fire safety standards. By way of example 'in particular based on aesthetic interpretation or desired optical effects and/or the purpose of the panel: • Standard composition of glass, such as a slightly green Planilux® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, • with no color (neutral) super Transparent glass, such as Diamant® glass and Diamant S ο 1 aire ® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, • Pyramid-type printed glass, such as Albarino® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, to be built outside the lighting unit Triangular conical relief on the outside of the substrate of the environment, • sturdy glass showing better mechanical strength, • laminated glass with additional inlaid glass on the front side, the first diffusing mechanism may then be in the middle layer of the ® layer On or in additional mosaic glass or inlaid glass, -22- 201243213 • Colored glass. The panel according to the invention may comprise any other functional coating (scratch resistant, dust resistant, etc.). The illumination of the first illumination zone can be decorative, architectural, for signaling or for display. Panels for decoration and lighting can in particular be: • for construction companies, as ceiling lights, wall tiles, compartments, • for transport vehicles, especially for public transport, trains, subways 'tram, bus or water Or air transport (aircraft), • for road or urban lighting, • for urban furniture panels, as part of bus shelter, railings 'display stands, or glass display cases for scaffolding elements, • for interior furnishings Home decoration glass, bathroom walls, furniture items. [Embodiment] The various elements (including angles) of the specified objects are not necessarily to scale. Moreover, in the drawings, illuminating rays do not strictly follow the laws of optics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a decorative and light-emitting panel having a light-emitting diode 100 in a first embodiment of the present invention. Panel 100 includes: • A single inlaid glass 1 of planar mineral glass, such as a square or rectangular glass sheet, having a first major surface forming a back surface. u and forming a front side
S -23- 201243213 的第二.主要面12， •沿著鑲嵌玻璃100的第一縱向邊緣之第一群無機發 光二極體2 (或LED)，配置在背面的側邊上，二極體對 準及規律地分佈在條狀之第一拉長的PCB二極體支撐20 上， •沿著鑲嵌玻璃100的第二縱向邊緣之第二群無機發 光二極體2 (或LED )，配置在背面的側邊上，二極體對 準及規律地分佈在條狀之第二拉長的PCB二極體支撐20 上。 二極體2的每一個具有可見範圍中之給定的發射光譜 ，例如白光，及具有主要發射射線F，被稱作第一主要射 線，實質上平行於第一面1 1。 爲了更加簡化，該群的二極體被選定具有發射F的同 一（單一）主要方向。爲了均勻照明，一及同—群組的二 極體被選定具有同一光譜，單色或色彩變化的。發射圓錐 體可以相對於F對稱或不對稱。發射圓錐體例如可以是朗 伯的。各個二極體的光束被發散及中高半角60°界定。第 一群的鄰接二極體之光束重疊在第一漫射機構的表面上。 二極體2是SMD型或“晶片板”型。第一和第二PCB 支撐2 0爲直線金屬條，尤其是鋁的，及選用地具有漫射 表面（未圖示）在二極體2四周，用於再利用收射線。 各群的二極體2被設計用以產生的周邊發光帶40，是 給定寬度的，及包含漫射由與鑲嵌玻璃相關聯之二極體2 所發出的光之機構4(被稱作第一漫射機構）在其整個寬 -24- 201243213 度之上。 與第一群二極體相關聯之第一周邊發光帶40係沿著 鑲嵌玻璃100的第一縱向邊緣。沿著鑲嵌玻璃100的第二 縱向邊緣，另一第一周邊發光帶40係與第二群二極體相 關聯。 例如以其在40與8 5%之間的此種方式’第一漫射機 構4能夠修改鑲嵌玻璃1的發光透射。漫射機構4防止二 極體所發出之射線的過度密集透射，及爲朝鑲嵌玻璃100 看的個人實質上減少強光。 獲得玻璃的面11上之漫射機構4: •此處藉由玻璃的噴沙或酸化，諸如爲來自SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 的 Satinovo®玻璃等， •或藉由以琺瑯或漫射層的絲網印刷完成作爲漫射層 的添加之變形，諸如來自公司SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS的 Smoothlite®玻璃等，絲網印刷具有使其能夠獲得定義清楚 的定界之任何類型的設計之有利點。 •或藉由雷射蝕刻作爲玻璃的厚度之變形* 在另一變形中，當玻璃1透過疊層中間層與另一額外 玻璃疊層時，漫射機構係藉由設計漫射塑膠中間層所構成 〇 此處，第一兩發光帶40爲各個具有第一縱向邊緣41 及第二縱向邊緣42之直線（如圖1 C所示）。 自然地’經由其形狀、其寬度、其顏色、其本質（不 同的漫射機構等等）’第一兩發光帶40可以是完全相同 -25- 201243213 的或有區別的。 各個第一發光帶40的寬度例如小於200 mm或甚至小 於 1 0 0 m m。 在鑲嵌玻璃1上，寬於發光帶較佳之中央裝飾區60 分開第一發光帶4。此處這是形成沉積在背面之鏡子的反 射區或著色或半透明的裝飾區。 關於各群二極體2，面板1〇〇在背面11的側邊上另外 包含形成來自該第一群二極體（2)的光之反射器3的第 一軌道，其爲金屬單塊拉長的組件，包含： •面向此群二極體之主要反射表面30，其傾斜於背面 ’及能夠包括第一主要射線F的該第一群二極體之所謂的 中央射線’且在二極體與主要反射表面之間的區域中（藉 由反射）將它們返回到第一漫射機構上。 •所謂的上反射表面32，接合至主要反射表面30， 面向背面11’及能夠直接接收偏離背面U的該第一群二 極體之所謂的上橫向射線B，且將它們（單獨）返回， •到第一漫射機構4上，面向上反射表面的寬度及面 向主要反射表面的寬度， •或到傾斜主要反射表面上（其將它們返回到第一漫 射機構上）， 主要反射表面3 0和上反射表面3 2的範圍係使得上橫 向射線的至少80%朝第一漫射機構4反射。 反射器3包含所發出的射線a之反射的第一限制區， 其與發射F的主要方向形成角度αΐ，第一漫射機構4的 -26- 201243213 範圍係使得所謂的下橫向射線之大多數或甚至至少8 0 %超 出αΐ ’及在背面11的方向上被第—漫射機構4漫射。 以簡單方式’反射器軌道3是金屬的，例如電鑛鋁， 尤其是厚度小於或等於3 mm或甚至1 mm，其包含： •拉長的所謂主要部分3 0，傾斜於背面，包含主要反 射表面30’形成銳角20°至.60°，尤其是相對於該背面從 30到50° ’延伸直到其與背面丨1相接觸爲止，或直到其 與背面留下最多小於5 mm的空隙爲止， •拉長的所謂上部分32，其延伸主要部分，面向背面 11，包含上反射表面32。 形成反射器3的軌道亦包含拉長的所謂橫向部分3 }， 其延伸包含上反射表面之上部分32，尤其是平面及實質上 垂直於背面11，及其包含二極體2在其PCB支撐20上。 二極體2焊接在與PCB支撐20的金屬材料電絕緣之 軌道上。支撐的金屬材料爲導熱體，支撐可直接靠著導熱 體以獲得散熱。然後可例如以夾子固定及/或以螺釘擰緊 來完成固定支撐到基座。 此處’插入例如膠水或雙面黏附膠帶之導熱體黏合材 料2 1，以便獲得更好的散熱。 黏附膠帶21顯現出提供校準的厚度，使二極體2支 撐20能夠是完美平面，及保證二極體具反射器全都是相 等距離之有利點。而且’黏附膠帶使其先行固定至支撐20 。亦能夠利用熱油脂在支撐與第一基座3 0之間較佳，諸 如由公司Jetart販售之化合物CK4960®。 -27- 201243213 關於各個反射器軌道3,添加所謂的主要部分30的末 端之所謂的正面遮罩之機構61、62到第一面11較佳（或 作爲變形，在第二面上或在與第二面相關聯的額外鑲嵌玻 璃上），及選自形成鏡子之反射層、漫射區、尤其是鑲嵌 玻璃的毛玻璃，裝飾層，尤其是彩色的，及尤其是與第一 漫射機構或與第一裝飾區相同的類型較佳。 例如延伸漫射區超出發光區（因此在末端下方）或就 裝飾區而言延伸以（單獨）伸長到主要部分下方就足夠。 例如藉由形成面板的圍繞物之橫向部分，具有返回33 在正面上，面板100係固定至壁面1’（牆壁、天花板、隔 間等等）。 各個反射器軌道3具有用以藉由配置在上反射部分之 背面中之螺釘5 ’固定到壁面1’（牆壁、天花板、隔間等等 )之表面。 經由各種元件的尺寸例子： •鑲嵌玻璃的面積爲600x600 mm及其爲厚度2.9 mm 的超透明玻璃， •壁面1’與鑲嵌玻璃之間的距離爲28 mm, •各個第一發光帶的寬度爲40 mm及各個第一發光帶 40的長度爲550 mm， •中央裝飾區的寬度約爲400mm， •各個支撐含有30個二極體，爲1〇 mm寬、550 mm 長，厚度爲1.9 mm等級，以及 •沒有光學之二極體高度爲2 mm等級，寬度小於6 -28- 201243213 mm，在18 mm的二極體2之間具有規律距離， •二極體與第一漫射機構之間的距離爲15 mm的等級 •二極體具有個別功率（約）0.3 W，效率至少4〇 lm/W (流明/瓦特）。 照明尤其會發光，係根據至少40 lm/W的總發光效率 及大於70%的光學效率（總效率對二極體的效率之比例） (流明/瓦特），同時是均質和顯現出極小的強光。 藉由測角器幫助及在周遭溫度中，以一般方式測量效 率。二極體的支撐之基座以及用以黏合支撐到基座之機構 的導熱特性產生由LED所釋出之熱的散逸，有助於保證 發光效率。 如此能夠形成= •在建築應用中，天花板燈光、壁磚、隔間， •用於運輸交通工具的面板，尤其是公共運輸、火車 ，地下鐵，有軌電車，巴士或水上或航空交通工具（飛機 )， •道路或城市照明， •城市傢倶面板，作爲巴士遮蔽的一部分，欄杆’展 示架，或玻璃展示櫃， •棚架元件， •內部陳設傢俱面板，作爲浴室牆壁’傢倶的品項。 鑲嵌玻璃可包含各種形狀’諸如矩形、正方形、圓形 、或適應想要的設計之任何其他幾何形狀等。 -29- 201243213 鑲嵌玻璃顯現出至少8 5 %的高發光透射。經由例子， 尤其依據審美解釋或想要的光學作用及/或鑲嵌玻璃的目 的： •標準組成玻璃，諸如稍微綠色之來自公司SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 的 PUnilux®玻璃； •具有沒有色彩（中性）之超透明玻璃，諸如來自公 司 SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS 的 Diamant®玻璃； •金字塔型的印花玻璃，諸如來自公司SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS的Albarino®玻璃，以建立在面向照明單 元的外面環境之基板的外面上之三角錐形式浮雕； •顯現出更好的機械強度之堅固玻璃。 圖Id爲可整合到根據本發明的具有發光二極體之裝 飾與發光用面板之另一反射器軌道3的背面軌道圖。 裝飾區60爲環形，及主要反射部分30形成環形物。 爲了形成此反射器軌道’能夠使用在中央鑽孔及彎曲及/ 或藉由塑模所獲得之薄片金屬。 圖le爲圖Id之反射器軌道的立體之局部槪要圖。 圖If從具有圖示環形中央裝飾區及周邊發光區40的 圖le之反射器軌道的裝飾與發光用面板之上方的槪要圖 〇 圖2a爲根據本發明的第二實施例之具有發光二極體 200的裝飾與發光用面板之橫剖面槪要圖。 只說明與面板100有關的差異。 面板200不同於面板1〇〇尤其是在於反射器包含面向 -30- 201243213 裝飾區60之中央鏈結部分34較佳。 漫射機構4係藉由添加漫射層所產生。裝飾區爲著色 層6，〇 圖2b爲圖2a之裝飾與發光用面板200的反射器軌道 之立體的槪要圖。 圖2c爲從圖不環形中央裝飾區40及周邊發光區60 及反射器的返回33之圖2a的裝飾與發光用面板200之上 方的槪要圖。 圖3a爲本發明的另一實施例之具有發光二極體的裝 飾與發光用面板300之橫剖面槪要圖。 只說明與面板100有關的差異。 面板300不同於面板1〇〇尤其是在於： •發光區爲中央的，及具有兩周邊裝飾區，包含中央 之軌道的移位， •軌道的複製品（喇叭U型雙十字區）， •添加用以固定鑲嵌玻璃1至壁面1’之周邊框7。 圖3b爲圖la之裝飾與發光用面板300的反射器軌道 之立體的局部槪要圖。 圖3c爲從圖示發光帶4〇、裝飾帶60及框73的返回 之圖3a的裝飾與發光用面板300之上方的槪要圖。 圖4a至4h爲具有或未具有二極體載體部分之反射器 軌道的其他例子圖。 在圖4a中’主要部分3 〇顯現出末端，其與背面間隔 開，及朝向與二極體2相對的方向彎曲30’。 -31 - 201243213 在圖4b中’減少上反射平面部分32。 在圖4c中，中央反射平面部分32和上反射平面部分 是凹形十字區。 在圖4d中，中央反射平面部分32是凹形十字區。 在圖4e中，反射器爲有著平面主要反射表面30和平 面上主要反射表面32之具有三角十字區的組件。 【圖式簡單說明】 在閱讀根據藉由下面圖式所圖解之本發明的裝飾與發 光用面板之例子，將可更加明白本發明的其他細節和有利 特徵： 圖la爲本發明的第一實施例之具有發光二極體的裝 飾與發光用面板1 00之橫剖面槪要圖； 圖lb爲圖la之裝飾與發光用面板100的反射器軌道 之立體的局部槪要圖； 圖lc爲從圖1之裝飾與發光用面板100的上方之槪 要圖； 圖Id爲可整合到根據本發明之具有發光二極體的裝 飾與發光用面板內之另一反射器軌道3的背面槪要圖； 圖le爲圖Id之反射器軌道的立體之局部槪要圖； 圖If爲從具有圖le之反射器軌道的裝飾與發光用面 板之上方的槪要圖； 圖2a爲根據本發明的第二實施例之具有發光二極體 的裝飾與發光用面板200之橫剖面槪要圖； -32- 201243213 圖2b爲圖2a之裝飾與發光用面板200的反射器軌道 之立體的局部槪要圖； 圖2c爲從圖2a之裝飾與發光用面板200的上方之槪 要圖； 圖3a爲根據本發明的另一實施例之具有發光二極體 的裝飾與發光用面板3 0 0之橫剖面槪要圖； 圖3b爲圖3a之裝飾與發光用面板300的反射器軌道 之立體的局部槪要圖； 圖3c爲從圖3a之裝飾與發光用面板3 00的上方之槪 要圖； 圖4a至4e爲反射器軌道的另一例子圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 ’ ：壁面 1 :鑲嵌玻璃 2 :發光二極體 3 :反射器 4 :第二漫射機構 4 ’ ：第二漫射機構 5 :螺釘 5’ ：螺釘 6’ ：著色層 7 :框 1 1 :第一主要面 -33- 201243213 12 :第二主要面 20 :支撐 21 :導熱體黏合材料 30’ ：彎曲 30:主要反射表面 3 1 :橫向部分 3 2 :上反射表面 33 :返回 3 4 :中央鏈結部分 40:第一周邊發光帶 41 :第一縱向邊緣 6 0 :中央裝飾區 6 1 :正面遮罩 62 :正面遮罩 73 :返回 1 0 0 :面板 2 0 0 :面板 3 00 :面板 42 :第二縱向邊緣 -34-S -23- 201243213 second main face 12, • a first group of inorganic light-emitting diodes 2 (or LEDs) along the first longitudinal edge of the mosaic glass 100, disposed on the side of the back side, the diode Aligned and regularly distributed on the strip of the first elongated PCB diode support 20, • along the second longitudinal edge of the mosaic glass 100, the second group of phosphor II (or LED), configured On the side of the back side, the diodes are aligned and regularly distributed over the strip of the second elongated PCB diode support 20. Each of the diodes 2 has a given emission spectrum in the visible range, such as white light, and has a primary emission ray F, referred to as a first primary ray, substantially parallel to the first face 11. To be more simplified, the diodes of the group are selected to have the same (single) primary direction of emission F. For uniform illumination, the same-group of diodes are selected to have the same spectrum, monochromatic or color-changing. The emission cone can be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to F. The emitting cone can for example be Lange. The beam of each diode is diverged and defined by a mid-high half angle of 60°. The beam of the first group of adjacent diodes overlaps the surface of the first diffusing mechanism. The diode 2 is of the SMD type or "wafer board" type. The first and second PCB supports 20 are linear metal strips, particularly aluminum, and optionally have a diffusing surface (not shown) around the diode 2 for re-use of the radiation. Each of the groups of diodes 2 is designed to produce a peripheral illumination strip 40 that is of a given width and that includes a mechanism 4 that diffuses light emitted by the diode 2 associated with the inlaid glass (referred to as The first diffusing mechanism is above its entire width -24 - 201243213 degrees. The first perimeter illumination strip 40 associated with the first population of diodes is along the first longitudinal edge of the inlaid glass 100. Along the second longitudinal edge of the inlaid glass 100, another first peripheral illumination strip 40 is associated with the second population of diodes. For example, in such a manner that it is between 40 and 85%, the first diffusing mechanism 4 can modify the illuminating transmission of the inlaid glass 1. The diffusing mechanism 4 prevents excessive dense transmission of rays emitted by the diode and substantially reduces glare for an individual looking toward the inlaid glass 100. Obtaining the diffusing mechanism 4 on the face 11 of the glass: • here by sandblasting or acidification of the glass, such as Satinovo® glass from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, etc., or by means of a mesh with a 珐琅 or diffusing layer Printing is done as an added variant of the diffusing layer, such as Smoothlite® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, and screen printing has the advantage of enabling any type of design with a clearly defined demarcation. • or by laser etching as the deformation of the thickness of the glass. * In another variant, when the glass 1 is laminated through the laminated intermediate layer with another additional glass, the diffusing mechanism is designed by diffusing the plastic intermediate layer. Here, the first two light-emitting strips 40 are straight lines each having a first longitudinal edge 41 and a second longitudinal edge 42 (as shown in FIG. 1C). Naturally by its shape, its width, its color, its nature (different diffusing mechanisms, etc.), the first two strips 40 may be identical or different -25-201243213. The width of each of the first light strips 40 is, for example, less than 200 mm or even less than 100 mm. On the inlaid glass 1, the central decorative area 60, which is wider than the preferred strip, separates the first strip 4 from the strip. Here, this is a reflective area or a colored or translucent decorative area that forms a mirror deposited on the back side. Regarding each group of diodes 2, the panel 1 另外 additionally includes a first track on the side of the back surface 11 that forms the reflector 3 of light from the first group of diodes (2), which is a metal monolithic pull The long component comprises: • a primary reflective surface 30 facing the group of diodes, inclined to the back side and a so-called central ray of the first group of diodes capable of including the first primary ray F and at the pole The regions between the body and the primary reflective surface (by reflection) return them to the first diffusing mechanism. • a so-called upper reflective surface 32 joined to the main reflective surface 30, facing the back side 11' and capable of directly receiving the so-called upper transverse rays B of the first group of diodes offset from the back side U, and returning them (separately), • onto the first diffusing mechanism 4, facing the width of the upper reflecting surface and facing the width of the main reflecting surface, or onto the inclined main reflecting surface (which returns them to the first diffusing mechanism), the main reflecting surface 3 The range of 0 and the upper reflective surface 32 is such that at least 80% of the upper transverse rays are reflected toward the first diffusing mechanism 4. The reflector 3 comprises a first confinement zone of the emitted radiation a, which forms an angle αΐ with the main direction of the emission F, the range of -26-201243213 of the first diffusing mechanism 4 making the majority of the so-called lower transverse rays Or even at least 80% exceeds αΐ' and is diffused by the first diffusing mechanism 4 in the direction of the back surface 11. In a simple manner, the reflector track 3 is metallic, such as electro-aluminum, in particular having a thickness of less than or equal to 3 mm or even 1 mm, which comprises: • an elongated main part 30, inclined to the back, containing the main reflection The surface 30' forms an acute angle of 20° to .60°, in particular extending from 30 to 50° with respect to the back surface until it comes into contact with the back side 丨1, or until it leaves a gap of at most less than 5 mm with the back side, • An elongated so-called upper portion 32, which extends the main portion, faces the back side 11, and includes an upper reflective surface 32. The track forming the reflector 3 also comprises an elongated so-called lateral portion 3} which extends over the upper reflective surface portion 32, in particular planar and substantially perpendicular to the back surface 11, and which comprises the diode 2 on its PCB support 20 on. The diode 2 is soldered to a track that is electrically insulated from the metal material of the PCB support 20. The supporting metal material is a heat conductor, and the support can directly lean against the heat conductor to obtain heat dissipation. The fixed support to the base can then be accomplished, for example, by clips and/or by screwing. Here, the heat-conducting material bonding material 2, such as glue or double-sided adhesive tape, is inserted to obtain better heat dissipation. Adhesive tape 21 appears to provide a calibrated thickness, enabling diode 2 support 20 to be a perfect plane, and ensuring that the diode reflectors are all equally advantageous. Moreover, the adhesive tape is fixed to the support 20 first. It is also possible to utilize thermal grease between the support and the first susceptor 30, such as the compound CK4960® sold by the company Jetart. -27- 201243213 With respect to the respective reflector rails 3, the so-called front mask mechanisms 61, 62 to which the ends of the so-called main portions 30 are added are preferably (or as a variant, on the second side or in the An additional inlaid glass associated with the second side), and a frosted glass selected from the group consisting of a mirror-forming reflective layer, a diffusing region, in particular a mosaic glass, a decorative layer, especially colored, and especially with the first diffusing mechanism or The same type of the first decorative area is preferred. For example, it may be sufficient to extend the diffusing zone beyond the illuminating zone (and thus below the end) or to extend (individually) to below the main section in terms of the decorative zone. For example, by forming a lateral portion of the surround of the panel, having a return 33 on the front side, the panel 100 is secured to the wall 1' (wall, ceiling, compartment, etc.). Each of the reflector rails 3 has a surface for fixing to the wall surface 1' (wall, ceiling, compartment, etc.) by screws 5' disposed in the back surface of the upper reflecting portion. Examples of dimensions through various components: • The area of the inlaid glass is 600x600 mm and it is ultra-clear glass with a thickness of 2.9 mm. • The distance between the wall 1' and the inlaid glass is 28 mm. • The width of each first strip is 40 mm and each first illuminating strip 40 has a length of 550 mm, • the central decorative area has a width of approximately 400 mm, • each support contains 30 diodes, 1 mm wide, 550 mm long and 1.9 mm thick And • no optical diodes with a height of 2 mm, widths less than 6 -28- 201243213 mm, regular distances between 18 mm diodes 2, • between the diodes and the first diffuser The distance is 15 mm. • The diode has an individual power of approx. 0.3 W and an efficiency of at least 4 μm/W (lumens/watt). Illumination, in particular, is based on a total luminous efficiency of at least 40 lm/W and an optical efficiency of more than 70% (the ratio of total efficiency to the efficiency of the diode) (lumens/watt), while being homogeneous and exhibiting minimal strength. Light. The efficiency is measured in a general manner by the goniometer and in the ambient temperature. The susceptor of the support of the diode and the thermal conductivity of the mechanism for bonding to the pedestal produce heat dissipation from the LED, which helps to ensure luminous efficiency. This can form = in ceiling applications, ceiling lighting, wall tiles, compartments, • panels for transporting vehicles, especially public transport, trains, subways, trams, buses or water or air transport ( Aircraft), • Road or urban lighting, • Urban furniture panels, as part of bus shelter, railings 'display stands, or glass display cabinets, • Scaffolding elements, • Interior furnished furniture panels, as bathroom walls' furniture item. The inlaid glass can comprise various shapes such as rectangles, squares, circles, or any other geometric shape that accommodates the desired design, and the like. -29- 201243213 Mosaic glass exhibits a high luminous transmission of at least 85%. By way of example, in particular based on aesthetic interpretation or desired optical effects and/or inlaid glass: • Standard composition of glass, such as slightly green PUnilux® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS; • with no color (neutral) Ultra-clear glass, such as Diamant® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS; • Pyramid-type printed glass, such as Albarino® glass from the company SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, built on the outside of the substrate facing the outside environment of the lighting unit Triangular conical relief; • Sturdy glass that exhibits better mechanical strength. Figure Id is a rear track diagram of another reflector track 3 that can be integrated into a decorative and illuminating panel having a light emitting diode according to the present invention. The decorative area 60 is annular and the primary reflecting portion 30 forms an annulus. In order to form this reflector track', it is possible to use a sheet metal which is bored and bent in the center and/or obtained by molding. Figure le is a partial schematic view of the solid of the reflector track of Figure Id. Figure If a top view of the decorative and illuminating panel of the reflector track having the illustrated annular central decorative area and the peripheral illuminating area 40 is shown in Figure 2a as a second embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view of the panel of the decorative body and the light-emitting panel of the polar body 200 is schematically illustrated. Only the differences related to the panel 100 will be explained. The panel 200 differs from the panel 1 in particular in that the reflector comprises a central link portion 34 facing the -30-201243213 decorative area 60. The diffusing mechanism 4 is produced by adding a diffusing layer. The decorative area is a colored layer 6, and Fig. 2b is a schematic view of the three-dimensional view of the reflector track of the decorative and light-emitting panel 200 of Fig. 2a. Figure 2c is a schematic view of the decorative and illuminating panel 200 of Figure 2a from the non-annular central decorative region 40 and the peripheral illumination region 60 and the return 33 of the reflector. Fig. 3a is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a decorative and light-emitting panel 300 having a light-emitting diode according to another embodiment of the present invention. Only the differences related to the panel 100 will be explained. The panel 300 differs from the panel 1 in particular in that: • the illumination zone is central and has two perimeter decorative zones, including displacement of the central track, • replica of the track (horn U-shaped double cross zone), • added It is used to fix the frame 7 of the mosaic glass 1 to the wall 1'. Fig. 3b is a partial, isometric view of the reflector track of the decorative and illuminating panel 300 of Fig. 1a. Fig. 3c is a schematic view of the upper side of the decorative and light-emitting panel 300 of Fig. 3a from the return of the illustrated light-emitting belt 4, the decorative tape 60 and the frame 73. Figures 4a through 4h are other examples of reflector tracks with or without a diode carrier portion. In Fig. 4a, the main portion 3 〇 shows an end which is spaced apart from the back surface and which is bent 30' in a direction opposite to the diode 2. -31 - 201243213 In Fig. 4b, the upper reflection plane portion 32 is reduced. In Fig. 4c, the central reflecting plane portion 32 and the upper reflecting plane portion are concave cross regions. In Figure 4d, the central reflective planar portion 32 is a concave cross region. In Figure 4e, the reflector is a component having a triangular cross section with a planar primary reflective surface 30 and a primary reflective surface 32 on the flat surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other details and advantageous features of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading an example of a decorative and illuminating panel according to the present invention illustrated by the following drawings: Figure la is a first embodiment of the present invention FIG. 1b is a partial cross-sectional view of a decorative or illuminating panel 100 having a light-emitting diode; FIG. 1b is a partial perspective view of the reflector track of the decorative and illuminating panel 100 of FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the upper side of the decorative and illuminating panel 100; FIG. 1d is a rear view of another reflector rail 3 that can be integrated into the decorative and illuminating panel having the light emitting diode according to the present invention. Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of the reflector track of Figure Id; Figure If is a schematic view from above the panel for decoration and illumination with the reflector track of Figure 1; Figure 2a is a diagram according to the present invention FIG. 2b is a partial perspective view of the reflector track of the decorative and illuminating panel 200 of FIG. 2a. Figure 2c is from Figure 2a Figure 3a is a cross-sectional view of a decorative and illuminating panel 300 with a light-emitting diode according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3b is a view 3a is a partial perspective view of the reflector track of the decorative and illuminating panel 300; FIG. 3c is a schematic view from above of the decorative and illuminating panel 300 of FIG. 3a; FIGS. 4a to 4e are reflector tracks. Another example picture. [Description of main component symbols] 1 ' : Wall surface 1: Mosaic glass 2: Light-emitting diode 3: Reflector 4: Second diffusion mechanism 4 ': Second diffusion mechanism 5: Screw 5': Screw 6': Coloring Layer 7: Frame 1 1 : First main face - 33 - 201243213 12 : Second main face 20 : Support 21 : Thermal conductor bonding material 30 ′ : Bending 30 : Main reflective surface 3 1 : Lateral portion 3 2 : Upper reflective surface 33: return 3 4: central link portion 40: first peripheral light strip 41: first longitudinal edge 6 0: central decorative area 6 1 : front cover 62: front cover 73: return 1 0 0 : panel 2 0 0: Panel 3 00: Panel 42: Second longitudinal edge - 34-