TW201230353A - Back-surface protective sheet for solar cell module, and solar cell module - Google Patents
Back-surface protective sheet for solar cell module, and solar cell module Download PDFInfo
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- TW201230353A TW201230353A TW100136975A TW100136975A TW201230353A TW 201230353 A TW201230353 A TW 201230353A TW 100136975 A TW100136975 A TW 100136975A TW 100136975 A TW100136975 A TW 100136975A TW 201230353 A TW201230353 A TW 201230353A
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- solar cell
- protective sheet
- cell module
- back protective
- pbt
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- -1 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002380 dibutyl phthalate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 7
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane;methanol Chemical compound OC.OC.C1CCCCC1 VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012966 insertion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/056—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means the light-reflecting means being of the back surface reflector [BSR] type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
201230353 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關封入複數之單面光入射型之太陽能電池 元件的太陽能電池模組用背面保護薄片及太陽能電池模組 ，詳細爲有關提高發電變換效率之太陽能電池用背面保護 薄片及太陽能電池模組。 【先前技術】 近年來，根據對於環境意識的高漲，作爲利用清淨能 源之發電手段之一，具備太陽能電池模組之太陽能電池發 電系統則爲普及。太陽能電池模組係複數片配置板狀之太 陽能電池元件，由稱作封閉材之乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物夾 合此等太陽能電池元件，於太陽光接觸側，依序重合玻璃 等之前面板，於相反側重合具有耐候性，防濕性之太陽能 電池模組用背面保護薄片（以下，略記爲背面保護薄片） 。並且，經由真空加熱層積法等而加以一體成形。 此背面保護薄片係保護太陽能電池元件或封閉材，其 中，要求有保護來自外部的機械性衝擊，壓力保護太陽能 電池元件，防止水分浸透而防範太陽能電池元件的劣化等 ' 之機能。因此，背面保護薄片係與封閉材的黏著性者爲重 要，於高溫高濕中即使長期間放置亦未產生剝離的黏著力 則爲必要。 在如此之中，在太陽能電池模組之開發，將入射至太 陽能電池模組之太陽光能量效率佳地變換爲電性能量，所 -5- 201230353 謂如何提高電力變換效率則成爲最大的課題’太陽能電池 元件係當然亦對於背面保護薄片提案有各種方法。 對於專利文獻1係提案有在具有透光性前面板與太陽 能電池元件與封閉材與背面保護薄片之太陽能電池模組中 ，於背面保護薄片的前面板側形成有具有光散亂反射機能 之凹凸構造之背面保護薄片。背面保護薄片之凹凸構造係 於平面打印板等之凹凸形成面，塗佈或注入熱硬化型樹脂 或紫外線硬化型樹脂等，並於其上方配置聚乙烯對苯二甲 酸酯等之基材，於硬化處理後，由從打印板將聚乙烯對苯 二甲酸酯薄片脫模之方法加以形成，更理想係經由使白色 顔料，金屬粒子，高折射粒子，中空粒子的散亂要素分散 於樹脂中之構成，塗佈於凹凸構造表面之時而得到。如此 ’對於製造具有光散亂反射機能之背面保護薄片，具有需 要許多的工程之課題。 爲了形成於聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯的薄片表面形成凹凸 構造’必須選擇將以如上述之打印板等而形成之熱硬化型 樹脂或紫外線硬化型樹脂所成之凹凸構造載置·黏接於聚 乙烯對苯二甲酸酯薄片表面之手段情況，係對於由形成所 期望之凹凸構造之壓花輪等加熱熔融之聚乙烯對苯二甲酸 醋薄片表面進行賦形加工，亦在冷卻過程凹凸構造產生緩 和之故而轉印.再現性變差，產生凸部的頂上變爲平順之 現象’而有無法得到所期望之表面形狀之問題之故。另外 ’即使作爲假設由某種方法得到形成所期望之凹凸構造的 聚乙燃對苯二甲酸酯薄片，爲了貼合該聚乙烯對苯二甲酸201230353 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a solar cell module back surface protective sheet and a solar cell module in which a plurality of single-sided light incident type solar cell elements are enclosed, and the details are related to improving power generation conversion. Back side protective sheet for solar cells and solar cell module for efficiency. [Prior Art] In recent years, solar cell power generation systems including solar battery modules have become popular as one of power generation means using clean energy, in response to the rise in environmental awareness. The solar cell module is a solar cell element in which a plurality of sheets are arranged in a plate shape, and the solar cell elements are sandwiched by an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer called a sealing material, and the front panel of the glass or the like is sequentially superposed on the sunlight contact side. On the opposite side, a back protective sheet for a solar cell module having weather resistance and moisture resistance (hereinafter, abbreviated as a back protective sheet) is placed. Further, it is integrally molded by a vacuum heating lamination method or the like. This back protective sheet protects a solar cell element or a sealing material, and is required to protect a mechanical impact from the outside, pressure protect the solar cell element, prevent moisture from penetrating, and prevent deterioration of the solar cell element. Therefore, it is important that the back surface protective sheet is adhered to the sealing material, and it is necessary that the adhesive strength does not occur even if it is left for a long period of time in high temperature and high humidity. In this way, in the development of solar cell modules, the solar energy energy incident on the solar cell module is efficiently converted into electrical energy, and it is said that how to improve the power conversion efficiency becomes the biggest problem. Solar cell components are of course also known in the art for back protection sheets. Patent Document 1 proposes a solar cell module having a translucent front panel and a solar cell element, a sealing material, and a back protective sheet, and a bump having a light scattering reflection function is formed on the front panel side of the back surface protective sheet. The back side of the construction protects the sheet. The uneven structure of the back surface protective sheet is applied to a concave-convex forming surface such as a flat printing plate, and a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curing resin or the like is applied or injected, and a substrate such as polyethylene terephthalate is disposed thereon. After the hardening treatment, a method of demolding the polyethylene terephthalate sheet from the printing plate is formed, and more preferably, the white pigment, the metal particles, the high refractive particles, and the scattering elements of the hollow particles are dispersed in the resin. The composition is obtained by applying it to the surface of the uneven structure. Thus, there is a need for many engineering problems in the manufacture of a back protective sheet having a light-scattering reflection function. In order to form a concavo-convex structure on the surface of a sheet of polyethylene terephthalate, it is necessary to select and attach the uneven structure formed by a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin formed by a printing plate or the like as described above. In the case of the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate sheet, the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate sheet which is heated and melted by the embossing wheel or the like which forms the desired uneven structure is shaped, and is also embossed during the cooling process. The structure is moderated and the transfer is deteriorated, and the reproducibility is deteriorated, resulting in a phenomenon in which the top of the convex portion becomes smooth, and there is a problem that the desired surface shape cannot be obtained. Further, even if it is assumed that a polyethene terephthalate sheet having a desired uneven structure is obtained by a certain method, in order to fit the polyethylene terephthalate
-6- S 201230353 酯薄片於封閉材之乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物而在減壓下使兩 者緊密同時，以150 °C進行30分鐘加熱時，亦有形成於 聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯薄片表面之凹凸構造產生平坦化而無 法達成初期目的之問題。 [專利文獻] [專利文獻1]日本特開20 1 0-123720號公報 【發明內容】 [發明欲解決之課題] 本發明係有鑑於上述課題所作爲之構成，其目的爲提 供轉印•再現性佳地形成特定之凹凸構造於表面，可提高 電性變換效率之背面保護薄片及使用此之太陽能電池模組 [爲解決課題之手段] 本發明者們係在經由示差掃描熱量測定機的測定（以 下’略記爲DSC測定）之升溫時的吸熱峰値溫度與降溫 時的發熱峰値溫度之溫度差（以下，略記爲△ Tmc )爲小 之聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯（以下，略記爲PBT)或聚對苯二 甲酸丁二酯共聚物（以下，略記爲PBT共聚物），係經 Μ成特定凹凸構造之壓花輪等於熔融狀態之薄片表 面之時’發現可轉印.再現性佳地賦形特定凹凸構造於薄 片表面，至完成本發明。 201230353 即，如根據本發明， (1) 在具備單面光入射型之太陽能電池元件之太陽 能電池模組用背面保護薄片中，提供背面保護薄片之至少 單側表面層則在D S C測定之升溫時的吸熱峰値溫度與降 溫時之發熱峰値溫度的溫度差爲40 °c以下之聚對苯二甲 酸丁二酯，或聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯共聚物所成，該表面具 有在斜面所形成之凹凸構造的太陽能電池模組用背面保護 薄片。 (2) 提供使用（1)所記載之背面保護薄片的單面光 入射型之太陽能電池模組。 (3) 提供背面保護薄片滿足式（1)之（2)所記載 之太陽能電池模組。 1/n^s in20^x/ (x2 + y2) 1/2 式（1) (但、0 < 0 < 4 5) Θ:前面板表面與背面保護薄片凹凸構造之斜面的延 長面之所成角度（度）。 X :鄰接之太陽能電池元件的間隔（mm )。 y :太陽能電池元件之前面板側表面與背面保護薄片 之凹陷部的間隔（mm) η:前面板之折射率 (4) 提供連結位於背面保護薄片表面之凹凸構造的 最短距離之凸部間的線方向與太陽能電池元件之排列方向 之所成角度爲10度〜80度之（2)或（3)所記載之太陽 能電池模組。-6- S 201230353 Ester sheet in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer of the sealing material, and the two are tightly combined under reduced pressure. When heated at 150 ° C for 30 minutes, it is also formed in polyethylene terephthalate. The uneven structure on the surface of the sheet is flattened and the initial purpose cannot be achieved. [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 20-100-123720 [Description of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide transfer and reproduction. The back surface protective sheet which can improve the electrical conversion efficiency and the solar cell module using the same are formed in the surface of the present invention. The present inventors determined the measurement by the differential scanning calorimeter. (The following is a brief description of the temperature difference between the endothermic peak temperature at the time of temperature rise and the exothermic peak temperature at the time of temperature drop (hereinafter, abbreviated as ΔTmc) is small polybutylene terephthalate (hereinafter, abbreviated as follows) It is a PBT) or a polybutylene terephthalate copolymer (hereinafter, abbreviated as a PBT copolymer), which is found to be transferable and reproducible when the embossing wheel which is formed into a specific uneven structure is equal to the surface of the sheet in a molten state. It is preferable to form a specific unevenness on the surface of the sheet to complete the present invention. 201230353 In other words, according to the present invention, (1) in a back surface protective sheet for a solar cell module including a solar cell element of a single-sided light incident type, at least one side surface layer of the back surface protective sheet is provided at a temperature rise of DSC measurement a polybutylene terephthalate having a temperature difference between the endothermic peak temperature and the exothermic peak temperature at a temperature of 40 ° C or less, or a polybutylene terephthalate copolymer having a beveled surface A back protective sheet for a solar cell module having a concave-convex structure formed. (2) A solar cell module of a single-sided light incident type using the back protective sheet described in (1). (3) The back surface protective sheet is provided to satisfy the solar battery module of the above (2). 1/n^s in20^x/ (x2 + y2) 1/2 Equation (1) (But, 0 < 0 < 4 5) Θ: The extension surface of the slope of the front panel surface and the back surface protection sheet The angle formed (degrees). X: interval (mm) of adjacent solar cell elements. y : spacing between the front side surface of the solar cell element and the depressed portion of the back protective sheet (mm) η: refractive index of the front panel (4) providing a line connecting the convex portions of the shortest distance of the uneven structure on the surface of the back protective sheet The solar cell module described in (2) or (3) of the direction in which the direction of the solar cell elements is arranged is 10 to 80 degrees.
-8- S 201230353 [發明之效果] 本發明之背面保護薄片係使用△ Tmc爲40°C以下的 PBT，或PBT共聚物之故，而可於薄片表面轉印.再現性 佳地形成特定之凹凸構造，可有效利用本來成爲損失之太 陽光而具有提高發電變換效率之效果。另外，亦具有經由 表面之凹凸構造而動摩擦係數小而組裝太陽能電池模組時 之處理容易之效果。 【實施方式】 以下，對於本發明之太陽能電池模組用背面保護薄片 及太陽能電池模組詳細加以說明。 圖4係使用本發明之背面保護薄片之太陽能電池模組 1之模式性部分剖面圖。本發明之太陽能電池模組1係具 有背面保護薄片1 1，和封閉材1 2，和太陽能電池元件1 3 ，前面板14。太陽光L1係由前面板入射，大部分之太陽 光L2係入射至太陽能電池元件表面。另一方面，通過太 陽能電池元件間之太陽光L3係使用本發明之背面保護薄 片之太陽能電池模組情況，以具有在斜面所形成之複數凹 凸所成之表面的背面保護薄片加以反射而成爲L4，更且 在前面板加以反射而成爲太陽光L5，入射至太陽能電池 沿元件，將太陽光能量變換爲電性能量，可提昇發電變換 效率。對此，在使用以往之背面保護薄片之太陽能電池模 組中，通過太陽能電池元件間之太陽光L3係在背面保護 薄片進行散亂，效率佳而未入射至太陽能電池元件而成爲 -9 - 201230353 太陽光能量的損失。 如此，經由使用形成特定凹凸構造之背面保護薄片之 時，可得到有效利用通過以往成爲損失之太陽能電池元件 間之太陽光的太陽能電池模組’但如前述，以往係對於得 到具有特定凹凸構造之背面保護薄片，係必須許多的工程 〇 本發明之太陽能電池模組用背面保護薄片係可適當使 用△ Tmc爲40°c以下的PBT，或PBT共聚物。另外，亦 可使用對於PBT或PBT共聚物少量混合聚碳酸酯或聚乙 烯對苯二甲酸酯等之熱可塑性樹脂之構成。在此，△ Tmc 係意味在PBT或PBT共聚物之DSC測定，升溫時（升溫 速度10°C /min)之吸熱峰値溫度（Tm)與降溫時（降溫 速度l〇°C/min)之發熱峰値溫度（Tc)之溫度差（ATmc =T m - T c ) 。 作爲PBT係有使1，4-丁二醇與對苯二甲酸聚縮合的 方法’使1,4-丁二醇與對苯二甲酸之低級烷基酯聚縮合的 方法等，亦可使用在任一方法所得到之PBT。在本發明所 使用之PBT之固有黏度係0.6〜1.5爲佳，更佳爲〇.8〜 1.4 〇 另一方面，作爲PBT共聚物係可舉出將丁烯乙二醇 之一部分，置換爲乙烯乙二醇，丙烯乙二醇，或環己烷二 甲醇之構成’或者將對苯二甲酸之一部分，置換爲異苯二 甲酸，2，6-萘二甲酸，或己二酸之構成。 太陽能電池模組係要求長期安定將太陽光能量變換爲-8- S 201230353 [Effect of the Invention] The back surface protective sheet of the present invention is a PBT having a ΔTmc of 40° C. or less or a PBT copolymer, and can be transferred onto a sheet surface to form a specific reproducibility. The concavo-convex structure can effectively utilize the solar light that is originally lost, and has an effect of improving power generation conversion efficiency. Further, it is also effective in that the process of assembling the solar cell module is easy by the uneven structure of the surface and the coefficient of dynamic friction is small. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, a back protective sheet for a solar cell module and a solar cell module of the present invention will be described in detail. Fig. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a solar cell module 1 using the back protective sheet of the present invention. The solar cell module 1 of the present invention has a back protective sheet 1 1 and a closing member 12, and a solar cell element 13 and a front panel 14. The sunlight L1 is incident on the front panel, and most of the sunlight L2 is incident on the surface of the solar cell element. On the other hand, in the case of the solar cell module using the back surface protective sheet of the present invention, the solar light module between the solar cell elements is reflected by the back surface protective sheet having the surface formed by the plurality of irregularities formed on the inclined surface to become L4. Further, it is reflected on the front panel to become the sunlight L5, and is incident on the solar cell along the element, and converts the solar energy into electrical energy, thereby improving the power conversion efficiency. On the other hand, in the solar cell module using the conventional back protective sheet, the solar light L3 between the solar cell elements is scattered on the back protective sheet, and the efficiency is good, and the solar cell element is not incident on the -9 - 201230353 The loss of solar energy. As described above, when the back surface protective sheet having the specific uneven structure is used, it is possible to obtain a solar battery module in which solar light between the solar battery elements that have been lost in the past is effectively utilized. However, as described above, conventionally, a specific uneven structure is obtained. For the back surface protective sheet, it is necessary to use a large amount of the back surface protective sheet for a solar cell module of the present invention. PBT having a ΔTmc of 40 ° C or less or a PBT copolymer can be suitably used. Further, a configuration in which a thermoplastic resin such as polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate is mixed in a small amount with respect to the PBT or PBT copolymer can also be used. Here, Δ Tmc means DSC measurement of PBT or PBT copolymer, endothermic peak temperature (Tm) at the time of temperature rise (temperature increase rate 10 ° C / min) and temperature drop (cooling speed l 〇 ° C / min) The temperature difference of the peak temperature (Tc) of the exothermic peak (ATmc = T m - T c ). PBT is a method of polycondensing 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid. A method of polycondensing 1,4-butanediol with a lower alkyl ester of terephthalic acid, etc. The PBT obtained by a method. The inherent viscosity of the PBT used in the present invention is preferably 0.6 to 1.5, more preferably 〇.8 to 1.4. On the other hand, as a PBT copolymer, one part of butene glycol is substituted with ethylene. The composition of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or cyclohexane dimethanol' or a part of terephthalic acid is replaced by the composition of isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, or adipic acid. Solar cell modules require long-term stability to convert solar energy into
S -10- 201230353 電性能量，對於本發明之太陽能電池模組用背面保護薄片 ，亦要求長期不會使其特性大大降低。適合於本發明之上 述PBT及PBT共聚物係含有酯結合，經由水分而引起加 水分解而分子量下降，而長期使用時，有物性下降之虞。 隨之，使用於本申請發明之PBT或PBT共聚物係在高溫 高濕下不易引起加水分解之故，末端的羧基的數量爲少則 佳。具體而言，羧基當量爲40meq/kg以下，更理想爲 30meq/kg以下之PBT或PBT共聚物爲佳。 對於本發明之背面保護薄片，係爲了抑制加水分解而 對於上述PBT或PBT共聚物添加碳二醯亞胺系化合物， 爲了防止熔融加工爲薄片狀時之熱劣化而添加酚系，磷系 ，硫系等之氧化防止劑，爲了防止經由含於太陽光之紫外 線的劣化而添加紫外線吸收劑或光安定劑，其他因應必要 而添加反阻斷劑或難燃劑等亦可。 另外，背面保護薄片係經由著色成白色而反射率提昇 ，從太陽光能量至電性能量之太陽能電池模組的電性變換 效率提高之同時，亦可得到背面保護薄片之耐候性提昇之 效果。對於將背面保護薄片著色成白色，係對於背面保護 薄片添加氧化鈦，氧化鋅，氧化鋁等之白色系顏料（金屬 氧化物）爲佳。此等之中’氧化鈦係折射率高，容易分散 於PBT或PBT共聚物之故而特別理想。另外，此等之添 加量係對於PBT或PBT共聚物1〇〇重量份而言，5重量 份〜3 0重量份爲佳。 本發明之背面保護薄片係爲了對於薄片表面賦予特定 -11 - 201230353 之凹凸構造而經由壓花輪等之打印板而進行壓花加工，但 上述△ Tmc爲4〇°C以下的PBT，或PBT共聚物係可更忠 實地轉印•再現賦予凹凸構造之打印板表面形狀，容易得 到所期望之凹凸構造之故而爲理想。另一方面，使用 △ Tmc超過40°C之熱可塑性樹脂，例如聚乙烯對苯二甲 酸酯薄片之情況係即使以打印板對於薄片表面進行壓花加 工’聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯薄片則於冷卻固化之間而轉印之 凹凸構造則緩和，無法忠實地轉印·再現表面形狀，而所 得到之聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯薄片表面之特別是凹凸構造之 頂上附近形狀成爲平順，而無法有效利用太陽光之故，並 不理想。 如此，△ Tmc爲40°C以下的PBT或PBT共聚物則可 更忠實地轉印•再現壓花輪等之打印板之表面形狀之情況 係如以下加以推測。即，熔融狀態之熱可塑性樹脂係以壓 花輪等賦形後加以冷卻時，伴隨冷卻而產生體積收縮，但 因ATmc爲小的PBT或PBT共聚物係冷卻固化後迅速進 行結晶化，認爲較結晶化慢之熱可塑性樹脂，經由冷卻之 體積收縮變小之故。如以上，△ Tmc爲小的PBT或PBT 共聚物係固化後迅速開始結晶化之同時，全體則急速固化 之故而體積收縮變小，推測可忠實地轉印·再現壓花輪表 面之凹凸構造於背面保護薄片表面。 上述背面保護薄片之凹凸構造係具有周期構造亦可， 而亦可爲不定形。作爲凹凸構造之間距係5 00 M m以下爲 佳，而400 // m以下更佳。前述凹凸構造之間距則較500S -10- 201230353 Electrical energy, for the back protective sheet for a solar cell module of the present invention, is also required to be greatly reduced in characteristics for a long period of time. In the present invention, the PBT and PBT copolymers contain an ester bond, which causes hydrolysis by hydrolysis and a decrease in molecular weight, and when used for a long period of time, the physical properties are lowered. Accordingly, the PBT or PBT copolymer used in the present invention is less likely to cause hydrolysis by hydrolysis under high temperature and high humidity, and the number of carboxyl groups at the terminal is preferably small. Specifically, a PBT or PBT copolymer having a carboxyl group equivalent of 40 meq/kg or less, more preferably 30 meq/kg or less is preferred. In the back protective sheet of the present invention, a carbodiimide-based compound is added to the PBT or PBT copolymer in order to prevent hydrolysis, and a phenol-based, phosphorus-based, or sulfur-based compound is added to prevent thermal deterioration when the melt processing is in the form of a sheet. In order to prevent the ultraviolet ray absorbing agent or the light stabilizer from being added to the ultraviolet ray contained in the sunlight, the anti-blocking agent or the flame retardant may be added as necessary. Further, the back protective sheet is improved in reflectance by coloring white, and the electrical conversion efficiency of the solar cell module from solar energy to electrical energy is improved, and the weather resistance of the back protective sheet can be improved. In the case where the back surface protective sheet is colored white, a white pigment (metal oxide) such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide or aluminum oxide is preferably added to the back surface protective sheet. Among these, the titanium oxide has a high refractive index and is particularly preferably dispersed in a PBT or PBT copolymer. Further, the amount of addition is preferably 5 parts by weight to 30 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the PBT or PBT copolymer. The back protective sheet of the present invention is embossed by a printing plate such as an embossing wheel in order to impart a concave-convex structure of a specific -11 - 201230353 to the surface of the sheet, but the above Δ Tmc is PBT of 4 ° C or less, or PBT copolymerization. It is preferable that the material system can more faithfully transfer and reproduce the surface shape of the printing plate provided with the uneven structure, and it is easy to obtain a desired uneven structure. On the other hand, in the case of using a thermoplastic resin having a ΔTmc exceeding 40 ° C, for example, a polyethylene terephthalate sheet, even if the surface of the sheet is embossed with a printing plate, a polyethylene terephthalate sheet is used. Then, the uneven structure of the transfer between the cooling and solidification is alleviated, and the surface shape cannot be faithfully transferred and reproduced, and the shape of the surface of the obtained polyethylene terephthalate sheet, particularly the uneven structure, becomes smooth. It is not ideal to use sunlight effectively. As described above, the PBT or PBT copolymer having a ΔTmc of 40 ° C or less can more faithfully transfer and reproduce the surface shape of the printing plate such as the embossing wheel, as will be estimated below. In other words, when the thermoplastic resin in a molten state is shaped by an embossing wheel or the like and cooled, volume shrinkage occurs due to cooling. However, it is considered that the PBT or PBT copolymer having a small ATmc is cooled and solidified, and then rapidly crystallized. The thermoplastic resin which is slowly crystallized has a small volume shrinkage due to cooling. As described above, Δ Tmc is a small PBT or PBT copolymer which is rapidly crystallization after solidification, and the whole body is rapidly solidified, and the volume shrinkage is small. It is presumed that the uneven structure of the surface of the embossing wheel can be faithfully transferred and reproduced on the back surface. Protect the surface of the sheet. The uneven structure of the back surface protective sheet may have a periodic structure or may be amorphous. It is preferable that the distance between the uneven structures is 5 00 Mm or less, and 400 kb or less is more preferable. The distance between the above-mentioned concave and convex structures is more than 500
-12- 201230353 爲大之情況係於凹凸構造形成時，不易塡充樹脂於凹 凸構造之前端部分，而轉印性變差之故，並不理想。另一 方面，凹凸構造之間距過小時，壓花輪等之打印板的製作 則變爲困難之故，上述凹凸構造之間距係25 # m以上爲 佳。另外’凹凸構造之凸部的高度係50/zm以下爲佳， 更理想爲40/zm以下，而此高度超過50#m之情況係轉 印打印板表面之凹凸構造於背面保護薄片時之轉印·再現 性變差，凸部之前端部分則容易破裂。另一方面，凹凸構 造之凸部的高度係5//m以上爲佳，更理想爲l〇ym以上 ，而此高度不足5 /z m之情況係無法有效利用太陽光。在 此，「凹凸構造之間距」係指鄰接之2個凸部之山部15 (參照圖3 )之頂點間距離。另外，「凹凸構造之凸部的 高度」係指凸部之山部頂點1 5與凹陷部1 6之間的垂直於 背面保護薄片平面之方向的距離。 更且，上述凹凸構造係在斜面加以形成爲佳，其斜面 接近於平面形狀爲更佳。將凹凸構造在接近於平面之斜面 加以形成時，可使從太陽能電池元件間入射之太陽光，反 射至任意方向，更且經由適當地選擇該斜面之角度之時， 可使來自背面保護薄片的反射光，以臨界角以上入射至前 面板，將來自背面保護薄片的反射光封入於太陽能電池模 組內之故而更爲理想。 前述背面保護薄片表面之有規則性的凹凸構造則作爲 如圖1或圖2所示之周期構造情況係將連結位於最短距離 之凸部間的線（D 1，或D2 )與圖5所示之太陽能電池元 -13- 201230353 件之排列方向（D3)之所成角度a (參照圖6)，呈成爲10 度〜8 0度地層積太陽能電池元件與背面保護薄片之情況則 特別理想。連結位於凹凸構造最短距離之凸部間的線（ D 1，或D 2 )與太陽能電池元件之排列方向（D 3 )之所成角 度α爲接近於90度之情況係在背面保護薄片所反射的太 陽光，即使以臨界角以上的角度入射至前面板，其反射光 係由只在太陽能電池元件間的前面板與背面保護薄片之間 反覆反射而往返衰減在太陽能電池元件間，而接觸於太陽 能電池元件表面的太陽光則變少之故而效果減少。 如前述，對於爲了將來自背面保護薄片的反射光封入 於太陽能電池模組內，係前面板表面與背面保護薄片凹凸 構造之斜面的延長面之所成角度0則滿足式（1)爲佳。 l/n 彡 sin20Sx/(x2 + y2)1/2 式（1) (但、0 < 0 < 4 5) Θ:前面板表面與背面保護薄片凹凸構造之斜面的延 長面之所成角度（度） X :鄰接之太陽能電池元件的間隔（mm ) y :太陽能電池元件之前面板側表面與背面保護薄片 之凹陷部的間隔（mm) η :前面板之折射率 前面板表面與背面保護薄片凹凸構造之斜面的延長面 之所成角度0滿足式（1)之情況係在背面保護薄片所反 射的太陽光係入射至前面板之角度成爲臨界角以上，而因 可在前面板進行全反射，將太陽光封入於太陽能電池模組-12- 201230353 In the case where the uneven structure is formed, it is not easy to fill the resin at the front end portion of the concave-convex structure, and the transfer property is deteriorated, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the distance between the uneven structures is too small, the production of the printing plate such as the embossing wheel becomes difficult, and the distance between the uneven structures is preferably 25 m or more. Further, the height of the convex portion of the uneven structure is preferably 50/zm or less, more preferably 40/zm or less, and the height exceeds 50#m, which is a case where the unevenness of the surface of the transfer printing plate is formed on the back protective sheet. The print/reproducibility is deteriorated, and the front end portion of the convex portion is easily broken. On the other hand, the height of the convex portion of the uneven structure is preferably 5/m or more, more preferably 10 〇 ym or more, and the height is less than 5 / z m, and sunlight cannot be effectively utilized. Here, the "distal between the concavo-convex structures" means the distance between the apexes of the mountain portions 15 (see Fig. 3) of the two adjacent convex portions. Further, the "height of the convex portion of the uneven structure" means the distance between the vertex 15 of the convex portion and the concave portion 16 which is perpendicular to the plane of the back surface protective sheet. Further, the above-mentioned uneven structure is preferably formed on the inclined surface, and the inclined surface is preferably closer to the planar shape. When the uneven structure is formed on the inclined surface close to the plane, the sunlight incident from the solar cell elements can be reflected to an arbitrary direction, and when the angle of the inclined surface is appropriately selected, the back protective sheet can be obtained. It is more preferable that the reflected light is incident on the front panel at a critical angle or more and the reflected light from the back surface protective sheet is sealed in the solar cell module. The regular concavo-convex structure on the surface of the back protective sheet is a line (D 1, or D2 ) connecting the convex portions located at the shortest distance as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. In the case of the solar cell element-13-201230353, the angle a (see Fig. 6) of the arrangement direction (D3) is particularly preferable when the solar cell element and the back surface protective sheet are laminated at 10 to 80 degrees. The angle α between the line (D 1, or D 2 ) connecting the convex portions located at the shortest distance of the concave-convex structure and the arrangement direction (D 3 ) of the solar cell elements is close to 90 degrees, which is reflected by the back protective sheet. Even if the sunlight is incident on the front panel at an angle higher than the critical angle, the reflected light is reflected by the front panel and the back protective sheet between the solar cell elements and is reciprocally attenuated between the solar cell elements, and is in contact with The amount of sunlight on the surface of the solar cell element is reduced and the effect is reduced. As described above, in order to seal the reflected light from the back surface protective sheet into the solar cell module, it is preferable that the angle 0 formed by the extension surface of the slope of the front panel surface and the back surface protection sheet uneven structure satisfies the formula (1). l/n 彡sin20Sx/(x2 + y2)1/2 Equation (1) (But, 0 < 0 < 4 5) Θ: Angle formed by the extended surface of the slope of the front panel surface and the back surface protective sheet (degrees) X : spacing of adjacent solar cell elements (mm) y : spacing between the front side surface of the solar cell element and the depressed portion of the back protective sheet (mm) η : refractive index of the front panel front panel surface and back protective sheet When the angle 0 of the extended surface of the inclined surface of the concave-convex structure satisfies the formula (1), the angle of the sunlight reflected by the back protective sheet is incident on the front panel to be a critical angle or more, and the total reflection can be performed on the front panel. , encapsulating sunlight into solar modules
S -14- 201230353 內之故而更爲理想。 本發明之背面保護薄片係作爲至少單側表面則經由將 △ Tmc爲4(TC以下的PBT或PBT共聚物成形爲薄片狀， 賦形特定表面形狀之時而得到，但背面保護薄片係亦可爲 單層，而經由共押出而層積具有其他目的的層之多層構成 之背面保護薄片亦可。更且’爲了賦予氣體阻障性，貼合 蒸鍍無機氧化物之氣體阻障性薄膜等而作爲多層之背面保 護薄片亦可。此時，至少於單側表面，配置△ Tmc爲40 °C以下的PBT或PBT共聚物，作爲於最表面具有凹凸構 造爲佳。 對於得到如此之背面保護薄片，係例如，對於裝著T 字模之押出機，供給△ Tmc爲4〇°C以下的PBT或PBT共 聚物，經由以形成特定凹凸構造之壓花輪夾持取出從押出 機的T字模所押出之PBT或PBT共聚物薄片，可轉印. 再現性佳地形成特定凹凸構造於PBT或PBT共聚物薄片 表面。所得到之背面保護薄片係可供保持未延伸使用。特 別是，PBT或PBT共聚物係比較於其他的聚酯，亦具有 結晶化速度快，未延伸而得到可耐實用之機械性特性之薄 膜的效果。然而，對於得到前述多層構成之背面保護薄片 ’係由裝著複數之押出機的T字模進行共押出，可以通常 的方法得到。 對於形成凹凸構造於背面保護薄片表面，係經由以以 下工程於加熱下具有特定凹凸構造之打印機等進行賦形加 工，而亦可得到押出P B T或P B T共聚物所得到之薄片， -15- 201230353 但以押出成形，PBT或PBT共聚物則從T字模加以押出 之後，以具有特定凹凸構造之壓花輪夾持而取出的方法， 以和通常押出成形同樣的工程’得到具有特定凹凸構造之 背面保護薄片之故而爲理想。 對於形成凹凸構造之本發明之背面保護薄片表面，係 有使用壓花輪之方法，但對於形成凹凸構造於壓花輪表面 ，例如可舉出以使用於製造凹版滾筒版時所使用之金剛石 針雕刻之雕刻製版法或銑刀押入法等。 如此，ΡΒΤ，或ΡΒΤ共聚物係可於製膜後未作延伸而 使用之故，可直接維持賦予製膜時之薄片的凹凸構造。對 此，聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯等之其他的聚酯係製膜之後，延 伸工程爲不可缺，在製膜工程賦予之薄片表面的凹凸構造 係在延伸工程加以延長，產生有無法維持特定之凹凸構造 的問題。從如此的點，對於具有特定凹凸構造之背面保護 薄片係有使用ΡΒΤ，或ΡΒΤ共聚物而製造之必要。 本發明之背面保護薄片係爲了不使水分透過於太陽能 電池模組內，厚度爲1 〇〇 # m〜600 爲佳。背面保護薄 片之厚度不足1 〇〇 A m之情況，係水分容易浸透於太陽能 電池模組內，更且，背面保護薄片之厚度爲薄之故，黏度 爲弱而在處理時容易產生縐摺等，背面保護薄片之處理變 難之故而爲不理想，而厚度當超過600 /z m之情況，係將 所得到之背面保護薄片捲成滾筒狀成爲困難之故並不理想 〇 如此作爲所得到之背面保護薄片係將形成背面保護薄 -16-S -14- 201230353 is more ideal. The back surface protective sheet of the present invention is obtained by forming a PBT or a PBT copolymer having a ΔTmc of 4 or less (the TBT or PBT copolymer into a flake shape to form a specific surface shape), but the back surface protective sheet may be used as the at least one side surface. In the case of a single layer, a back protective sheet composed of a plurality of layers having other purposes may be laminated by a total of a plurality of layers, and a gas barrier film may be bonded to the vapor-deposited inorganic oxide in order to impart gas barrier properties. Further, as the back surface protective sheet of a plurality of layers, a PBT or PBT copolymer having a ΔTmc of 40 ° C or less is disposed on at least one side surface, and it is preferable to have a concave-convex structure on the outermost surface. For example, for an extruder equipped with a T-shaped mold, a PBT or PBT copolymer having a ΔTmc of 4 〇 ° C or less is supplied, and is taken out by a embossing wheel which forms a specific concave-convex structure, and is taken out from a T-shaped mold of the extruder. The PBT or PBT copolymer sheet can be transferred. Reproducibility forms a specific concavo-convex structure on the surface of the PBT or PBT copolymer sheet. The resulting back protective sheet is available for unstretched use. In other words, the PBT or PBT copolymer has an effect of being faster than the other polyesters and having a film which is not stretched to obtain practical mechanical properties. However, the back protective sheet having the above-mentioned multilayer structure is obtained. 'It is obtained by a common method by a T-die of a plurality of extruders, and is formed by a conventional method. The surface of the back surface protective sheet is formed by a printer or the like having a specific uneven structure under heating. After processing, it is also possible to obtain a sheet obtained by extruding a PBT or PBT copolymer, -15-201230353, but by extrusion molding, the PBT or PBT copolymer is extruded from the T-shaped mold, and then clamped by an embossing wheel having a specific concave-convex structure. The method of taking out is preferable to obtaining a back protective sheet having a specific uneven structure in the same manner as the normal extrusion forming. The surface of the back protective sheet of the present invention in which the uneven structure is formed is a method using an embossing wheel, but Forming a concave-convex structure on the surface of the embossing wheel, for example, for manufacturing a gravure cylinder In this case, the engraving method of the diamond needle engraving method or the milling cutter insertion method, etc., so that the ruthenium or iridium copolymer can be used without stretching after the film formation, and can directly maintain the sheet which is imparted to the film formation. In this case, after the film formation of other polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, the elongation process is indispensable, and the uneven structure on the surface of the sheet imparted by the film forming process is extended in the extension process. There is a problem that the specific uneven structure cannot be maintained. From this point of view, it is necessary to use a ruthenium or a ruthenium copolymer for the back surface protective sheet having a specific uneven structure. The back protective sheet of the present invention is for not allowing moisture to pass through. In the solar cell module, the thickness is preferably 1 〇〇# m~600. When the thickness of the back protective sheet is less than 1 〇〇A m, moisture is likely to penetrate into the solar cell module, and the thickness of the back protective sheet is thin, the viscosity is weak, and it is likely to be collapsed during processing. The treatment of the back protective sheet is difficult, and when the thickness exceeds 600 /zm, it is difficult to roll the obtained back protective sheet into a roll shape, which is not preferable. Protective sheet will form a back protection thin-16-
S 201230353 片之凹凸構造的面，呈成爲封閉材側地，可經由依序將前 面板，封閉材，太陽能電池元件，封閉材，背面保護薄片 作爲一體化而作爲太陽能電池模組。 [實施例] 於以下，經由實施例而更詳細說明本發明，但本發明 係並未經由此等實施例而有任何加以限制。然而，特性的 評估係以下的方法進行。 (1 ) DSC測定 使用示差掃描熱量測定機（DSC)，以升溫速度10°C /min，降溫速度10°C /min而測定，測定在升溫時之吸熱 峰値溫度，及降溫時之發熱峰値溫度。 (2 )溶液黏度之測定 將PBT溶解於酚-四氯乙烷混合溶媒（重量比爲1: 1 )，經由以25 °C使用烏別洛特型黏度計而測定之時求得 固有黏度。 (3 )電性變換效率之評估 呈將圖4所示之太陽能電池元件之前面板側表面與背 面保護薄片之凹陷部的間隔y，成爲0.6mm，將各圖5所 示之太陽能電池元件之間隔成爲a: 2.5mm，b: 2.5mm地 依序將前面板，封閉材’太陽能電池元件（將4片配置成 -17- 201230353 田字型）’封閉材，背面保護薄片作爲一體化而得到太陽 能電池模組。太陽能電池模組之電性變換效率係使用太陽 光模擬器（日清紡績製，測定條件：照射以濾光片調整全 天曰射基準太陽光的光，空氣質量1.5)。 (參考例） 對於PBT，聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯進行DSC測定，由 吸熱峰値溫度與發熱峰値溫度求得△ Tmc而示於表1。 [表1] 試料 吸熱峰値溫度 rc ) 發熱峰値溫度 (°C ) △ Tmc fc ) PBT 222.5 187.5 35 聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯 250 186.9 63.1 PBT :固有黏度U、羧基當量：7meq/kg [實施例1] 使用裝著T字模之單層製膜裝置，對於PBT (固有黏 度：1 : 1，羧基當量：7meq/kg) 100重量份而言，押出 調配氧化鈦10重量份之混合物，以具有一邊78ym，高 度27/zm，斜面角度（0 ) 35度之正四角錐的凹部於全 面之壓花輪加以賦形同時而取得，得到於表面具有正四角 錐的凸構造之厚度1 8 8 // m之背面保護薄片。所得到之背 面保護薄片表面之凹凸構造部分之剖面測定結果示於圖7 。另外，將連結位於背面保護薄片之凹凸構造的最短距離S 201230353 The surface of the uneven structure of the sheet is placed on the side of the closed material, and the front panel, the closing material, the solar cell element, the sealing material, and the back protective sheet are integrated as a solar battery module. [Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto by the examples. However, the evaluation of characteristics is performed by the following methods. (1) DSC measurement using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), measuring at a temperature increase rate of 10 ° C / min, a temperature drop rate of 10 ° C / min, measuring the endothermic peak temperature at the time of temperature rise, and the exothermic peak at the time of temperature drop値 Temperature. (2) Measurement of solution viscosity PBT was dissolved in a phenol-tetrachloroethane mixed solvent (weight ratio of 1:1), and the intrinsic viscosity was determined by measurement using a Ubbelite type viscosity meter at 25 °C. (3) The evaluation of the electrical conversion efficiency is such that the interval y between the front panel side surface of the solar cell element shown in Fig. 4 and the depressed portion of the back surface protective sheet is 0.6 mm, and the solar cell elements shown in Fig. 5 are spaced apart. The front panel, the closing material 'solar battery component (four pieces are arranged in -17-201230353 field type)' closed material, and the back protective sheet as solar energy are integrated in order to form a: 2.5mm, b: 2.5mm. Battery module. The solar cell module's electrical conversion efficiency is based on a solar simulator (Nissin Textiles Co., Ltd., measurement conditions: irradiation with a filter to adjust the light of the reference solar light throughout the day, air quality 1.5). (Reference Example) For PBT, polyethylene terephthalate was subjected to DSC measurement, and Δ Tmc was obtained from the endothermic peak temperature and the exothermic peak temperature, and is shown in Table 1. [Table 1] Sample endothermic peak temperature rc) Fever peak temperature (°C) △ Tmc fc ) PBT 222.5 187.5 35 Polyethylene terephthalate 250 186.9 63.1 PBT: Intrinsic viscosity U, carboxyl equivalent: 7 meq/kg [Example 1] Using a single-layer film forming apparatus equipped with a T-die, 100 parts by weight of a PBT (intrinsic viscosity: 1:1, carboxyl equivalent: 7 meq/kg) was extruded, and 10 parts by weight of a titanium oxide was blended. The concave portion having a square pyramid with a side of 78 μm and a height of 27/zm and a slope angle of (0) of 35 degrees is formed at the same time as the entire embossing wheel, and the thickness of the convex structure having a regular square pyramid on the surface is obtained. The back of the m protects the sheet. The results of the cross-sectional measurement of the uneven structure portion of the surface of the back protective sheet obtained are shown in Fig. 7. In addition, the shortest distance connecting the uneven structure of the back protective sheet will be
S -18- 201230353 之凸部間的線之方向與太陽能電池元件之排列方向之所成 角度（α )作爲45度而組裝之太陽能電池模組之特性示 於表2。 [實施例2] 除使用表面爲半墊片加工之橡膠滾筒以外係與實施例 1同樣作爲，得到表面半墊片調性之背面保護薄片。將所 得到之背面保護薄片之凹凸構造部分的剖面側定結果示於 圖8，而使用背面保護薄片而組裝之太陽能電池模組之特 性示於表2。 [表2] 凸部之一邊長度 (U m) 凹凸面之所成角度0 (度） 電性變換效率 (%) 實施例1 78 35 9.2 實施例2 - - 9.0 凹凸面之所成角度0:前面板表面與背面保護薄片凹凸面之延長面之所成角度 採用使用實施例1，實施例2之ΡΒΤ而具有凹凸之背 面保護薄片之太陽能電池模組係較使用未具有以往之凹凸 的背面保護薄片的太陽能電池模組，電性變換效率爲佳。 更且，使用實施例1之ΡΒΤ的背面保護薄片表面係凸部 接近於平面之斜面所成，再現性佳地轉印壓花輪表面之凹 凸構造之故，使用實施例1之背面保護薄片的太陽能電池 模組係比較於使用具有實施例2之隨機的凹凸之背面保護 -19- 201230353 薄片的太陽能電池模組，可使電性變換效率提升0.2 %。 [產業上之可利用性] 本發明之背面保護薄片係因於其表面具有特定之凹凸 構造之故，具有經由有效利用本來成爲損失之太陽光之時 ，可提升電性變換效率之效果之同時，亦具有經由表面之 凹凸構造而動摩擦係數小，在組裝於太陽能電池模組時光 滑爲佳地容易處理之效果。更且，亦具有PBT及PBT共 聚物之特長的優越機械性特性，耐濕熱特性，與封閉材之 良好黏著性，低水蒸氣透過率之故，不僅提高電性變換效 率，還抑制太陽能電池元件之劣化，作爲太陽能電池模組 用背面保護薄片可長期間適當地利用。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係顯示本發明之背面保護薄片之一實施形態之模 式斜視圖。 圖2係顯示本發明之背面保護薄片之其他實施形態之 模式斜視圖。 圖3係圖1所示之背面保護薄片之ΙΠ-ΠΙ’之剖面圖 〇 圖4係使用本發明之背面保護薄片之太陽能電池模組 之模式性部分剖面圖。 圖5係顯示本發明之太陽能電池模組之一實施形態的 模式性平面圖。The characteristics of the solar cell module in which the direction of the line between the convex portions of S -18-201230353 and the direction in which the solar cell elements are arranged (α ) as 45 degrees are shown in Table 2. [Example 2] A back surface protective sheet having a surface half-pad tempering property was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a rubber roller having a surface of a half-shield was used. The results of the cross-sectional side view of the uneven structure portion of the obtained back protective sheet are shown in Fig. 8, and the characteristics of the solar cell module assembled using the back protective sheet are shown in Table 2. [Table 2] Length of one side of the convex portion (U m) Angle formed by the uneven surface 0 (degree) Electrical conversion efficiency (%) Example 1 78 35 9.2 Example 2 - - 9.0 Angle formed by the uneven surface 0: The solar cell module having the back surface protective sheet having the unevenness and the use of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the front panel surface and the back surface protective sheet has a back surface protection which does not have the conventional unevenness. The thin-film solar cell module has good electrical conversion efficiency. Further, the surface of the back protective sheet of Example 1 was formed to be close to the inclined surface of the flat surface, and the uneven structure of the surface of the embossing wheel was reproducibly reproduced, and the solar energy of the back protective sheet of Example 1 was used. The battery module was improved in electrical conversion efficiency by 0.2% compared to the solar cell module using the back surface protection -19-201230353 sheet having the random unevenness of Example 2. [Industrial Applicability] The back surface protective sheet of the present invention has a specific uneven structure on its surface, and has an effect of improving electrical conversion efficiency by effectively utilizing sunlight which is originally lost. Moreover, the kinetic coefficient of friction is small through the uneven structure on the surface, and it is preferable to be smooth and easy to handle when assembled in a solar cell module. Moreover, it also has the superior mechanical properties of the PBT and PBT copolymers, the moist heat resistance, the good adhesion to the sealing material, and the low water vapor transmission rate, which not only improves the electrical conversion efficiency, but also suppresses the solar cell components. The deterioration of the back surface protective sheet for a solar battery module can be suitably used for a long period of time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a mode of an embodiment of a back protective sheet of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the back protective sheet of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the 背面-ΠΙ' of the back protective sheet shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a solar battery module using the back protective sheet of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of a solar cell module of the present invention.
-20- S 201230353 圖6係使用圖2所示之背面保護薄片之太陽能電池模 組之模式性平面圖。 圖7係經由在實施例1所得到之背面保護薄片表面附 近之雷射儀之剖面圖。 圖8係經由在實施例2所得到之背面保護薄片表面附 近之雷射儀之剖面圖》 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :太陽能電池模組 1 1 :背面保護薄片 1 2 :封閉材 1 3 :太陽能電池元件 14 :前面板 15:凹凸構造之山部 16:凹凸構造之凹陷部 D1:連結位於凹凸構造之最短距離之凸部間的線之 方向 D2 :連結位於凹凸構造之最短距離之凸部間的線之 方向 D3 :太陽能電池元件之排列的方向 L 1 :入射至太陽能電池模組之太陽光 L2 :入射至太陽能電池元件之太陽光 L3 :直進太陽能電池元件間的太陽光 L4 :在背面保護薄片加以反射之太陽光 -21 - 201230353 L5 :在前面板加以反射之太陽光 Θ:前面板表面與背面保護薄片凹凸構造之斜面的延 長面之所成角度 X :鄰接之太陽能電池元件的間隔 y:太陽能電池元件之前面板側表面與背面保護薄片 之凹陷部的間隔 a :鄰接之太陽能電池元件的間隔 b :鄰接之太陽能電池元件的間隔 a : D2與D3之所成角度-20-S 201230353 Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a solar cell module using the back protective sheet shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the laser apparatus in the vicinity of the surface of the back protective sheet obtained in Example 1. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the laser device in the vicinity of the surface of the back protective sheet obtained in Example 2. [Main element symbol description] 1 : Solar battery module 1 1 : Back protective sheet 1 2 : Cloth material 1 3 : Solar cell element 14: front panel 15: mountain portion 16 having a concavo-convex structure: recessed portion D1 having a concavo-convex structure: a direction D2 connecting a line between convex portions located at the shortest distance of the concavo-convex structure: connecting the convex portion located at the shortest distance of the concavo-convex structure The direction of the line D3: the direction in which the solar cell elements are arranged L 1 : the sunlight L2 incident on the solar cell module: the sunlight L3 incident on the solar cell element: the sunlight L4 between the straight solar cell elements: on the back Sunlight that protects the sheet from reflection - 201230353 L5: Sunlight reflected on the front panel: Angle formed by the extension surface of the slope of the front panel surface and the back surface protective sheet structure: X: The spacing of adjacent solar cell elements y: the interval between the front side surface of the solar cell element and the depressed portion of the back protective sheet a: the interval of the adjacent solar cell elements b: adjacent The spacing of the solar cell components a : the angle between D2 and D3
S -22-S -22-
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| TW201526269A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-07-01 | Okura Industrial Co Ltd | Reverse-surface protective sheet for solar cell module, and method for manufacturing same |
| JP2016072540A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Rear surface protective sheet and solar cell module using the same |
| JP6471501B2 (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2019-02-20 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Back surface protection sheet for solar cell module and solar cell module using the same |
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| US6660930B1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2003-12-09 | Rwe Schott Solar, Inc. | Solar cell modules with improved backskin |
| WO2008083042A2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-10 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Photovoltaic modules with a transparent material having a camouflaged pattern |
| EP2211390A4 (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2012-09-12 | Okura Industrial Co Ltd | Rear surface protection sheet for solar cell module and solar cell module protected by such protection sheet |
| KR20110052615A (en) * | 2008-08-12 | 2011-05-18 | 윈테크 폴리머 가부시키가이샤 | Polybutylene terephthalate resin mixture and film |
| TW201025647A (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2010-07-01 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Photovoltaic module |
| JP5365140B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2013-12-11 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Solar battery backsheet |
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