CN101431107A - Laminated film and solar cell panel employing the same - Google Patents
Laminated film and solar cell panel employing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101431107A CN101431107A CN 200710166979 CN200710166979A CN101431107A CN 101431107 A CN101431107 A CN 101431107A CN 200710166979 CN200710166979 CN 200710166979 CN 200710166979 A CN200710166979 A CN 200710166979A CN 101431107 A CN101431107 A CN 101431107A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laminated film which comprises a first layer polyfluoroethylene film, a polyethylene propylene glycol ester terephthalate middle layer and a second layer polyfluoroethylene film or polythene-vinyl acetate film, wherein the polyethylene propylene glycol ester terephthalate is laminated on a main surface of the first layer polyfluoroethylene film; and the second layer polyfluoroethylene film or polythene-vinyl acetate film is laminated on the reverse main surface of the polyethylene propylene glycol ester terephthalate middle layer. The invention also discloses a solar energy battery plate made by taking the laminated film as a backboard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of have improved steam block and flexible polymer laminated film, also relate to the solar panel that makes with this polymer laminated film.
Background technology
Along with warming of global climate, national governments are more and more higher to the requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction.Therefore seek the alternative fossil fuel of new forms of energy and become the problem that presses for solution.
Solar energy is a kind of clean pollution-free and inexhaustible energy.The utilization of solar energy at present mainly converts it into electric energy by solar panel, is used to drive for example electric heating water heater, electric automobile, satellite component etc. subsequently.
Solar panel is meant from light, and sunlight especially directly produces the photoelectric cell of electric current.Existing solar panel mainly comprises backboard, solar cell circuit, encapsulating material and header board.
The effect of encapsulating material in the solar panel (for example ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester film) is that header board and backboard are combined.In about 150 ℃ laminating operation, the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester melt can flow in the gap of solar cell, with solar cell package.Also can adopt electroconductive binder that solar cell is interconnected.
The effect of header board mainly is the influence that the protection solar cell exempts from machinery and weathering in the solar panel.In order to make full use of light, described header board must (for example for crystal silicon cell, this scope is 400-1100nm) have high light transmittance in certain spectral region.The header board of existing solar panel mainly is made up of glass (being generally the thick low taconite toughened glass of 3-4mm) or polymeric material.
The backboard of solar panel is mainly used in protection solar cell and encapsulating material or electroconductive binder and exempts from moisture and oxidation.In the process of assembling solar cell panel, also utilize backboard as the mechanical protection that prevents cut etc. with play an insulating effect.Therefore, require described backboard to have good steam barrier properties and flexible.
The adhesive laminate film that existing solar panel backboard is a kind of three-decker mainly contains following two kinds of situations:
1) TPE stack membrane: fluoropolymer (for example polyvinyl fluoride)/PETG/the contain vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer of 1%-70% vinyl acetate;
2) TPT stack membrane: fluoropolymer (for example polyvinyl fluoride)/PETG/fluoropolymer (for example polyvinyl fluoride)
In existing solar panel backboard stack membrane, fluoropolymer layer mainly plays the reflective of not transmission and uvioresistant effect; The PETG layer provides dielectric property and steam barrier properties; The vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer layer that contains the 1%-70% vinyl acetate is mainly at PETG be used to seal between the vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer layer of battery back-sheet compatibility is provided.
Along with environmental protection concept is rooted in the hearts of the people and follows the severe day by day of environmental regulation, people use solar panel to replace common fire coal or fuel oil device more and more, therefore, solar panel also uses under various harsh environmental conditions more and more, this is to the performance of solar panel, for example anti-steam performance has proposed new higher requirement.Though conventional solar panel backboard can provide good steam barrier properties, still leaves some room for improvement.
A goal of the invention of the present invention provides a kind of stack membrane, and it has good steam barrier properties and flexible.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of solar panel that comprises described stack membrane.
Summary of the invention
A first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of stack membrane, it comprises ground floor fluoro-containing copolymer film, superimposed intermediate layer on first type surface of described ground floor fluoro-containing copolymer film, this intermediate layer comprises PTT and superimposed backing film on the opposite major surfaces of described PTT intermediate layer.
In an example of the present invention, described backing film is selected from pvf film or polyethylene-vinyl acetate ester film.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of solar panel, and it comprises header board, backboard and the solar cell circuit between described backboard and header board, and described backboard is made by stack membrane of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Illustrate in greater detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing conventional solar panel;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the solar panel of an example of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the header board of solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of an example of the present invention or the schematic diagram of backboard second surface upper surface texture;
Fig. 4 is the profile of Fig. 3 superficial makings;
The schematic diagram of the header board of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of Fig. 5 the present invention or backboard second surface upper surface texture;
Fig. 6 is the profile of Fig. 5 superficial makings;
Fig. 7 is the header board of solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of the present invention or the schematic diagram of backboard second surface upper surface texture;
Fig. 8 is the profile of Fig. 7 superficial makings; With
Fig. 9 is the header board of solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of the present invention or the schematic perspective view of backboard second surface upper surface texture.
Embodiment
Stack membrane of the present invention comprises one deck fluoro-containing copolymer film.This fluoro-containing copolymer film is without particular limitation, can be the fluoro-containing copolymer film that routine is used for TPE stack membrane (fluoropolymer/PETG/contain the vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer of 1%-70% vinyl acetate) and TPT stack membrane (fluoropolymer/PETG/fluoropolymer).
The indefiniteness example of fluoropolymer that constitutes the fluoro-containing copolymer film of described routine has, for example polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, Kynoar, ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer and polytrifluorochloroethylene and their blend etc.
Be preferably, the fluoropolymer that constitutes described fluoro-containing copolymer film is selected from polyvinyl fluoride, Kynoar, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.Polyvinyl fluoride preferably.
Described fluoro-containing copolymer film also can be the stack membrane that two or more different fluoropolymers form.
In an example of the present invention, adopt pvf film, the density of this pvf film is 1.38-1.72cc/cm
3, tearing strength is that 129-196kJ/m, stretch modulus are 44-110MPa.In another example of the present invention, the elongation at break of above-mentioned polyvinyl fluoride thin film is 115-250%.
Suitable fluoro-containing copolymer film (for example pvf film) has good steam barrier properties.In an example of the present invention, the vapor permeability of described fluoro-containing copolymer film is 24-26g/m
2My god, dielectric strength is 0.15-0.19kV/ μ.
The thickness of suitable fluoro-containing copolymer film is without particular limitation, as long as it can give final stack membrane with enough intensity.In an example of the present invention, the thickness of described fluoro-containing copolymer film is the 10-200 micron, is preferably the 15-150 micron, more preferably the 20-100 micron.
Be suitable for to buy from the market as the pvf film of fluoro-containing copolymer film of the present invention.For example it can
The trade name of PV series is buied from du pont company.
At above-mentioned fluoro-containing copolymer film (for example pvf film) but a first type surface on lamination have one deck to comprise the intermediate layer film of PTT.
The intermediate layer film that comprises PTT that is suitable for stack membrane of the present invention is without particular limitation, and it can be any PTT film known in the art.In an example of the present invention, use degree of crystallinity to be 30-50%, vitrification point PTT as 45-70 ℃.In another example of the present invention, the hot strength of described PTT is that 60-70MPa, flexural modulus are that 2.4-3.0GPa, notched impact strength are 40-55J/m.The proportion that is suitable for PTT of the present invention can be 1300-1400kg/m
3, its water vapor absorption of 14 days is equal to or less than 0.15%.
The PTT that is suitable for the inventive method can be by 1, and ammediol and terephthalic acid (TPA) make by melt polycondensation, also can buy from the market.In an example of the present invention, use with
Trade name available from the PTT of du pont company.
Intermediate layer of the present invention also can comprise other polymer blend except PTT.Suitable other polymer blend and consumption thereof are without particular limitation, as long as it does not influence the vapor permeability of final stack membrane.
At one preferably in the example of the present invention, polyethylene terephthalate polymer also can randomly be contained in the intermediate layer except PTT.Of the present invention another preferably in the example, by the weight of PTT, the content of described polyethylene terephthalate polymer is 0-30 weight %, is preferably 0-20 weight %, more preferably 0-10 weight %.
Therefore, in the present invention, term " PTT intermediate layer " or " intermediate layer " can be general mutually, refer to the polymer film of the blend of other polymer of containing the PTT polymer and not influencing final stack membrane vapor permeability.
In stack membrane of the present invention, going back lamination on the opposite major surfaces in the PTT intermediate layer that contacts with described fluoro-containing copolymer film (pvf film) has a skim (in this article, also this film being called backing film sometimes).This backing film itself can be a monofilm, also can be the multilayer build-up film.When stack membrane of the present invention was used as the header board of solar panel, this backing film must be a printing opacity.When stack membrane of the present invention was used as the backboard of solar panel, this backing film can be lighttight.
In an example of the present invention, described backing film adopts pvf film or polyethylene-vinyl acetate ester film.
In another example of the present invention, described backing film is the stack membrane of aluminium film and pvf film.
In another example of the present invention, described backing film comprises one deck aluminium foil and one deck PTT film, and described aluminium foil, the PTT film PTT layer in stack membrane forms the laminated construction of folder one deck aluminium foil between the two-layer PTT film.
In another example of the present invention, described backing film comprises one layer of polymeric layer and one deck PTT film, and described polymeric layer, the PTT film PTT layer in stack membrane forms the laminated construction of folder one layer of polymeric layer between the two-layer PTT film.The polymer that forms described polymeric layer can be a polymer known in the art, and its indefiniteness example has for example PETG, PTT, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene etc.
Therefore, stack membrane of the present invention can have " fluoropolymer/PTT intermediate layer/fluoropolymer ", " fluoropolymer/PTT intermediate layer/ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester polymer ", " fluoropolymer/PTT intermediate layer/aluminium/fluoropolymer " structure etc.Wherein, " fluoropolymer/PTT intermediate layer/fluoropolymer " and " fluoropolymer/PTT intermediate layer/ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester polymer " two kinds of combinations are structures preferably.
In described " fluoropolymer/PTT intermediate layer/fluoropolymer " structure, two kinds of fluoro-containing copolymer films can be identical or different, preferably identical pvf film.Two kinds of pvf films all can be made by above-described polyvinyl fluoride.In an example of the present invention, described polyvinyl fluoride is all available from du pont company
PV series polyvinyl fluoride thin film.
In described " fluoropolymer/PTT intermediate layer/ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester polymer " stack membrane structure, suitable ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester polymer is without particular limitation, and it can be the vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer that is used to seal solar panel of any routine.In an example of the present invention, the content of vinyl acetate is 3-6 weight % in the described vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer, is preferably 4-5 weight %.
The thickness of the suitable polyvinyl fluoride or the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester film second layer is without particular limitation, as long as it can give final stack membrane with enough intensity.In an example of the present invention, the thickness of the described pvf film or the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester film second layer is the 10-200 micron, is preferably the 15-150 micron, more preferably the 20-100 micron.
In order to satisfy the requirement of different purposes, can carry out surface treatment at least one surface of stack membrane of the present invention.
The stack membrane surface treatment method that is fit to is without particular limitation, requires (escaping from the solar cell intralamellar part thereby the light reflectivity that for example improves the solar panel backboard prevents photon) as long as can satisfy purposes.
In an example of the present invention, the surface treatment of described stack membrane comprises that the first type surface to stack membrane carries out embossing, forms protruding micro-structural.Described protruding micro-structural comprises continuous or discrete pyramid, terrace with edge, circular cone, round platform, hemisphere etc.
The height of described protruding micro-structural is generally 500nm-500 μ m, is preferably 2-50 μ m; Depth-width ratio is generally 4:1-1:10, is preferably 1:1-1:4.
Term " height of protruding micro-structural " is meant that the bottom center of a micro-structural is to the distance between summit (situation of pyramid or circular cone), upper surface (situation of terrace with edge or round platform) or the peak (situation of hemisphere) of this micro-structural in the present invention.
As mentioned above, stack membrane of the present invention can comprise continuous or discrete microstructures.Comprise discrete protruding micro-structural on the first type surface of described stack membrane at one of the present invention preferably in the example, described protruding micro-structural evenly distributes on this first type surface, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2, be preferably 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
Comprise discrete protruding micro-structural on the first type surface of described stack membrane at one of the present invention preferably in the example, described protruding micro-structural forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, and the above protruding micro-structural is a continuous distribution on each island.
At one preferably in the example of the present invention, comprise discrete protruding micro-structural on the first type surface of described stack membrane, described protruding micro-structural forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, the above protruding micro-structural is a discrete distribution equably on each island, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2, be preferably 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
Can adopt the method for any routine to make described protruding micro-structural.For example, can adopt template (for example scoring roller) method with embossing on stack membrane that has required internal or female screw reason to suppress micro-structural.In an example of the present invention, the glass microsphere of hollow is coated in the micro-structural that forms projection on the surface of polymer sheet.
The manufacture method of stack membrane of the present invention is without particular limitation, and it can be the method for any routine, for example can adopt electroconductive binder that each tunic is bonded together, and perhaps adopts methods such as hot pressing, extrusion coating that it is superimposed together.
The gross thickness of stack membrane of the present invention is the 10-1000 micron, is preferably the 50-800 micron, more preferably the 100-400 micron.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of solar panel, and it comprises header board, backboard and the solar cell circuit between described backboard and header board, and described backboard is made by the above-mentioned stack membrane of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, existing solar panel comprises backboard 1, encapsulating material layer 2, solar cell circuit of being made by stack membrane 3 and the header board of being made by glass 4.Described stack membrane backboard 1 is made up of lamination 5,6 and 7 usually, and it can have " polyvinyl fluoride/PETG/polyvinyl fluoride " or " polyvinyl fluoride/PETG/ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester polymer " structure according to this.Though the stack membrane solar panel backboard of prior art has obtained steam block preferably, replace the stack membrane of prior art can further improve the steam block of solar panel with stack membrane of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the solar panel of an example of the present invention, and it comprises stack membrane backboard 1 of the present invention, solar cell circuit 3 and the header board of being made by glass or plastics 4.In the present invention, " backboard " of term solar panel is meant and is being positioned at the non-lip-deep superficies plate that is subjected to light one side of solar cell.
In the present invention, " header board " of term solar panel is meant being positioned at solar cell and is subjected to superficies plate on light one side surface that described header board has first surface and second surface.The first surface of described header board is a light receiving surface, and it faces the direction of the sun during use; The solar cell circuit of the contiguous solar cell of the second surface of described header board is placed.
In the present invention, term " contiguous solar cell circuit is placed " does not also mean that the second surface of described header board and/or backboard directly contacts with the solar cell circuit, also can comprise for example one deck vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer or electroconductive binder between the second surface of solar cell circuit and header board and/or backboard.
In the present invention, " plastics " that term is used to constitute header board are meant any normal direction light transmittance (is the light of 350-1150nm for wavelength) greater than 88%, better greater than 92%, better greater than 96% polymeric material.The indefiniteness example of this polymeric material has for example fluoropolymer, as tetrafluoraoethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytrifluorochloroethylene, ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer; Liquid crystal polymer; PETG; PEN; Polymethacrylates is as poly-(methyl) methyl acrylate, poly-(methyl) ethyl acrylate; Merlon; Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer; The laminate of polyurethane etc. and their two or more formation.
In the present invention, term " plastics " that are used to constitute backboard are meant stack membrane of the present invention.
In the present invention, term " solar panel " comprises various batteries or the battery module that is subjected to illumination can produce electric current, can make up to obtain required electrical power, voltage, electric current etc. the described solar module of polylith according to the requirement of concrete purposes.The indefiniteness example of solar panel of the present invention has that for example monocrystaline silicon solar cell, polysilicon solar cell, nano-silicon solar cell, non-crystalline silicon thin-film solar cell, cadmium telluride diaphragm solar battery, copper indium are sowed selenium thin-film solar cells and DSSC etc.
In the present invention, term " light is captured performance " is meant the performance of the amount that the amount that improves photon incident in solar panel and the photon that reduces incident escape in the solar panel.
In the present invention, term " has and can improve the superficial makings that light is captured performance " and is meant plastics or glass surface are carried out surface treatment to form many surface micro-structures on plastics or glass surface, described surface micro-structure can make and be incident on that this lip-deep light reflects, scattering, thereby it is retained in the inside of solar panel.Described surface treatment for example comprise embossing, microballoon apply, molded etc.
1. backboard
Solar panel of the present invention uses the invention described above stack membrane as backboard, and it is used to protect solar cell and encapsulating material or electroconductive binder to exempt from moisture and oxidation.In the process of assembling solar cell panel, also utilize backboard as the mechanical protection that prevents cut etc. with play an insulating effect.When adopting the stack membrane of " fluoropolymer/contain PTT intermediate layer/ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester " structure, the contiguous solar cell circuit of described ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester layer placed.
In order to improve the performance of capturing of light, can use a surface treated stack membrane of first type surface.Should place by the contiguous solar cell circuit of surface treated stack membrane during use, thereby the reflecting properties of raising backboard is placed light and is escaped from the backboard of solar panel.
In order further to improve the performance of capturing of light, in an example of the present invention, superficies (promptly on the backboard outer surface away from described solar cell circuit) at described stack membrane backboard apply one deck reflector, are used for the inside from the light reflected back solar panel of backboard outgoing.Described reflector is without particular limitation, and it can be the reflectance coating of any routine in this area, and for example it can be a nano thin-film.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of backboard second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of an example of the present invention.By its profile (Fig. 4) as seen, the superficial makings on this backboard second surface is the groove of many rules, and its section is triangular in shape.
The schematic diagram of the backboard second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of Fig. 5 the present invention; Can be more clearly visible its superficial makings by its profile (Fig. 6) and be made up of the pyramid of many rules, described pyramid is evenly distributed on the second surface of whole back plate, and these pyramids better are rectangular pyramids.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of backboard second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of the present invention; By its profile (Fig. 8) as seen, its superficial makings is made up of the hemisphere of many rules, and described hemisphere is evenly distributed on the second surface of whole back plate.
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of backboard second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of the present invention, and as seen from the figure, it is made up of the hollow transparent beads of many coatings.
2. header board
The present invention adopts glass or the polymeric material header board as solar panel, but glass preferably, with the assembly mechanical strength that provides plastic back plate to be difficult to provide.The main effect of header board is the influence that protection solar cell circuit exempts from cut for example etc. when allowing sunlight see through solar panel.
The thickness of header board is without particular limitation, as long as can see through sunlight to greatest extent and protect the solar cell circuit to exempt from for example impact of hail.In an example of the present invention, described header board is made by plastic material, and its thickness is the 20-500 micron.The glass or the plastic material that are suitable as solar panel header board of the present invention can be selected from the material with high-transmittance.It to the transmissivity of light in the 350-1150nm wave-length coverage generally greater than 88%, better greater than 92%, better greater than 96%.The indefiniteness example of this plastic material has for example fluoropolymer such as perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, Kynoar, ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer and polytrifluorochloroethylene etc.; Liquid crystal polymer; PETG; PEN; Polymethyl methacrylate; Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer; Merlon; Polyurethane etc.; The perhaps laminate of two or more formation in them.
In order to improve the light impingement rate of solar panel, can on the first surface of header board, increase antireflective coating or be anti-reflection film, increase the incident of sunray.
The anti-reflection film that is fit to has no particular limits.If preceding panel material is plastics, suitable and anti-reflection film material can be the high transmission rate material lower than the refractive index of preceding panel material.In an example of the present invention, preceding panel material Kynoar, anti-reflection film material perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer.If preceding panel material is plastics, suitable anti-reflection film material can be the high transmission rate material lower than the refractive index of glass.In another example of the present invention, preceding panel material glass, anti-reflection film material magnesium fluoride and silicon dioxide, this layer anti-reflection film can be used melten gel-gel method, evaporation, the technology manufacturing of thermal spraying or magnetron sputtering plating, the light transmittance of the glass of making like this can be brought up to more than the 94%-96% by 92%.
In order to improve the light capture efficiency of solar panel, thereby improve its whole power output, can carry out surface treatment to improve its light reflectivity near the surface of solar cell circuit, reduce the amount of light from the outgoing of solar cell intralamellar part to header board.
The front plane surface processing method that is fit to is without particular limitation, as long as thereby the light reflectivity that can improve header board prevents photon escapes from the solar cell intralamellar part.
In an example of the present invention, described header board is made by glass, and its surface treatment comprises that the first type surface to close solar cell circuit one side of header board carries out embossing, forms raised or sunken micro-structural.Described protruding micro-structural comprises two or more combination etc. of continuous or discrete groove, pyramid, terrace with edge, circular cone, round platform, hemisphere or its.
The height of described protruding micro-structural is generally 500nm-500 μ m, is preferably 2-50 μ m; Depth-width ratio is generally 4:1-1:10, is preferably 1:1-1:4.
As mentioned above, header board of the present invention can comprise continuous or discrete microstructures.Described header board is comprising discrete protruding micro-structural near on the first type surface of solar cell circuit preferably in the example at one of the present invention, and described protruding micro-structural evenly distributes on this first type surface, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2, be preferably 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
At one preferably in the example of the present invention, described header board is comprising discrete protruding micro-structural near on the first type surface of solar cell circuit, described protruding micro-structural forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, the above protruding micro-structural is a continuous distribution on each island.
At one preferably in the example of the present invention, described header board is comprising discrete protruding micro-structural near on the first type surface of solar cell circuit, described protruding micro-structural forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, the above protruding micro-structural is a discrete distribution equably on each island, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2, be preferably 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
Described protruding micro-structural can adopt the method for any routine to make.When header board is made by glass, can carry out surface treatment to apply superficial makings near the surface (being the second surface of glass) of solar cell circuit to glass front plate.The glass front plate surface treatment method that is fit to is without particular limitation, as long as thereby the light reflectivity that can improve backboard prevents photon escapes from the solar cell intralamellar part.
In an example of the present invention, the surface treatment of described glass front plate comprises the glass front plate thermoplastic, with template the first type surface (second surface) near solar cell circuit one side is carried out embossing subsequently, forms protruding micro-structural.Described protruding micro-structural comprises continuous or discrete pyramid, terrace with edge, circular cone, round platform, hemisphere or rule or irregular groove or top two or more combination.
In another example of the present invention, the glass of fusion can be cast directly in the mould, form the glass plate that a first type surface (second surface) has superficial makings, described superficial makings comprises continuous or discrete pyramid, terrace with edge, circular cone, round platform, hemisphere or rule or irregular groove or top two or more combination.
In another example of the present invention, use method for chemially etching on glass surface, to form described superficial makings.The method of suitable chemical etching glass is that those of ordinary skills are known.
The height of described protruding micro-structural is generally 500nm-500 μ m, is preferably 2-50 μ m; Depth-width ratio is generally 4:1-1:10, is preferably 1:1-1:4.
As mentioned above, glass front plate of the present invention can comprise continuous or discrete microstructures.Described glass front plate is comprising discrete protruding micro-structural near on the first type surface of solar cell circuit preferably in the example at one of the present invention, and described protruding micro-structural evenly distributes on this first type surface, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2, be preferably 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
At one preferably in the example of the present invention, described glass front plate is comprising discrete protruding micro-structural near on the first type surface of solar cell circuit, described protruding micro-structural forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, the above protruding micro-structural is a continuous distribution on each island.
At one preferably in the example of the present invention, described glass front plate is comprising discrete protruding micro-structural near on the first type surface of solar cell circuit, described protruding micro-structural forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, the above protruding micro-structural is a discrete distribution equably on each island, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2, be preferably 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of header board second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of an example of the present invention.By its profile (Fig. 4) as seen, the superficial makings on this header board second surface is the groove of many rules, and its section is triangular in shape.
The schematic diagram of the header board second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of Fig. 5 the present invention; Can be more clearly visible its superficial makings by its profile (Fig. 6) and be made up of the pyramid of many rules, described pyramid is evenly distributed on the second surface of whole header board.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of header board second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of the present invention; By its section (Fig. 8) as seen, its superficial makings is made up of the hemisphere of many rules, and described hemisphere is evenly distributed on the second surface of whole back plate.
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of backboard second surface upper surface texture of the solar cells made of crystalline silicon plate of another example of the present invention, and as seen from the figure, it is made up of the hollow transparent beads of many coatings.
In solar panel of the present invention, the superficial makings on the second surface of header board and the second surface of backboard can be identical or different.Those of ordinary skill in the art is according to the specific requirement of its professional knowledge in conjunction with battery, and for example thickness of the technological requirement of embossing, cell panel etc. can easily be determined suitable superficial makings.
3. solar cell circuit
Be applicable to that solar cell circuit of the present invention is without particular limitation, but can be to be not limited to monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, nano-silicon, non-crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride and copper indium to sow selenium etc.
4. polymeric encapsulate layer
The conventional polymeric encapsulate layer of solar panel use of the present invention is sealed the solar cell circuit and described header board and backboard is sticked on the solar cell circuit.The example of suitable polymers enclosure layer has for example vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer.The thickness of polymeric encapsulate layer is generally the 200-800 micron, is preferably the 250-750 micron, more preferably the 300-650 micron.
In an example of the present invention, use electroconductive binder to replace the polymeric encapsulate material.Described electroconductive binder can be any electroconductive binder commonly used in the area of solar cell.
The manufacture method of solar panel of the present invention can be the manufacture method of any routine in this area.In an example of the present invention, use the manufacture method of the disclosed solar panel of Chinese patent CN02143582.0, still header board and the backboard that replaces the document to mention with surface treated header board of the present invention and optional surface treated plastic back plate.
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
Test method
1. the water vapor rejection performance of stack membrane
The water vapor rejection performance of stack membrane is obtained by standard (measuring the standard method of test of plastic film steam transmitance with the infrared probe) test that a Permatran-W model 700 (available from U.S. Mocon company) measures the material standard ASTM F1249-06 of association according to the U.S..Be characterized in testing the only permeability rate under 100% relative humidity condition.Experimentation is observed the equal-pressure method principle, one side of sample is provided with 100% relative humidity, opposite side is purged by flowing nitrogen, and deliver to special pressure controlling infrared sensor by carrier gas, transducer receives water vapour, and be converted into signal of telecommunication output, be suitable for test to the insensitive high-isolation film material of steam.
2. stack membrane hydrothermal aging test
A VC4018 environmental cabinet (available from German Votsch company) is adopted in the test that stack membrane intercepts steam, carries out damp and hot test for 10.13 sections according to IEC 61215 standards.The condition of this test is 85 ℃, keeps 1000 hours under 85% relative humidity.This stack membrane and thickness are after 500 microns the EVA hot pressing together, to insert environmental cabinet, take out and test the peeling force of itself and EVA layer after 1000 hours.It is qualified that peeling force is considered as greater than 40N/cm.
3. light is captured performance
The method of describing according to the present invention prepares header board and backboard respectively, testing the performance that its light is captured, and compares with common header board and backboard.Lambda 950 ultraviolets/visible/near infrared spectrometer (containing the 150mm integrating sphere) difference with U.S. Perkinelmer Inc. is tested the light transmittance and the reflectivity of header board and backboard separately, and is done on average to 1100nm at wave-length coverage 400nm.When the reflectivity on a surface of test, whether hydrophilic for preventing the interference on another surface according to it, with the black marking pen of commercially available prepared Chinese ink or oiliness blacking is done on this another surface and handled.
4. solar module hydrothermal aging test
The flow process that solar module encapsulation is adopted comprises the sorting of battery sheet, single weldering, and series welding, lamination, lamination, module testing frames up and cleans.Adopt the damp and hot test of the solar module of stack membrane to adopt a VC4018 environmental cabinet (available from German Votsch company), carry out damp and hot test for 10.13 sections according to IEC 61215 standards.The condition of this test is 85 ℃, keeps 1000 hours under 85% relative humidity.After taking out assembly, the vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer is peeled off, use Lambda 950 ultraviolets/visible/near infrared spectrometer of U.S. Perkinelmer Inc. to test (containing the 150mm integrating sphere) the xanthochromia index Δ YI of this vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer again, this index is zero the best.
5. the power output method of testing of solar cell
The power output of solar cell is obtained by 3500 SLP component testers (available from U.S. Spire company) tests, and compares with the polysilicon solar cell plate of common header board and backboard preparation.
The anti-vapor permeability of present embodiment explanation stack membrane of the present invention
With a bed thickness be 250 microns the PTT film (
Du pont company) be clipped in two bed thickness be 37.5 microns pvf film (
PV2001, du pont company) between, hot pressing forms stack membrane under vacuum condition.Measure its water vapor rejection performance with top method, the result is 0.7g/m
2/ day.With thickness be 500 microns vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer (auspicious good fortune board photovoltaic cell EVA glued membrane, R767, available from the auspicious sunlight in Wenzhou volt Materials Co., Ltd) after the hot pressing together, test the adhesive force of itself and vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer with top method, the result is 70N/cm.A kind of glass (tempering ultra-clear glasses is provided, available from Dongguan Nanbo Solar Energy Glass Co., Ltd., 3.2mm is thick), on this glass surface, suppress uniform tetragonal pyramid superficial makings with the method for hot pressing, this superficial makings is evenly distributed on the whole surface of described glass plate, and distribution density is 1.0 * 10
6G/cm
2, the height of single tetragonal pyramid is 5.0 microns, and bottom side length is 10 microns, and the distance between two tetragonal pyramid summits is 10 microns.
Described glass is formed solar panel as header board, above-mentioned stack membrane as backboard, and wherein the contiguous solar cell circuit of a side of preceding strip texture is placed.
With the power output of said method mensuration battery component, the result is 179 watts.
With the hydrothermal aging of said method mensuration battery component, vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer xanthochromia index is zero.
Comparative example 1
As embodiment 1, but the TPT backboard of usefulness same thickness (
Thickness is respectively the 37.5/250/37.5 micron, available from Austrian Isovolta company, wherein
Be du pont company PV2001), its water vapor rejection performance is 1.0g/m
2/ day.After being 500 microns EVA (auspicious good fortune board photovoltaic cell EVA glued membrane is available from the auspicious sunlight in Wenzhou volt Materials Co., Ltd) hot pressing together with thickness, test the adhesive force of itself and EVA layer, be 60N/cm with said method.After preparing battery with above-mentioned same method, power output is 179 watts.With the hydrothermal aging of said method mensuration battery component, vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer xanthochromia index Δ YI is 2.
Comparative example 2
Header board such as embodiment 1, but usefulness TPE backboard (
/ PET/EVA thickness is respectively 37.5/50/100 micron, available from U.S. Medico company, wherein
Be du pont company PV2001), its water vapor rejection performance is 4.3g/m
2/ day.After being 500 microns EVA (auspicious good fortune board photovoltaic cell EVA glued membrane is available from the auspicious sunlight in Wenzhou volt Materials Co., Ltd) hot pressing together with thickness, test the adhesive force of itself and EVA layer, be 75N/cm with said method.After preparing battery with above-mentioned same method, power output is 179 watts.With the hydrothermal aging of said method mensuration battery component, vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer xanthochromia index Δ YI is 2.
Present embodiment explanation solar cell of the present invention has high-output power
Backboard such as embodiment 1, but not with EVA hot pressing before will stack membrane during at 140 ℃ through the scoring roller of U.S. BGE company, form the superficial makings of cubic taper on one surface, this superficial makings is evenly distributed on the whole surface of described copolymer plate, and distribution density is 1.0 * 10
6G/cm
2, the height of single tetragonal pyramid is 5.0 microns, and bottom side length is 10 microns, and the distance between two tetragonal pyramid summits is 10 microns.After EVA hot pressing, test the adhesive force of itself and EVA layer with said method, be 70N/cm.After preparing battery with above-mentioned same method, power output is 183 watts.
The anti-vapor permeability of present embodiment explanation stack membrane of the present invention
With a bed thickness be 250 microns the PTT film (
Du pont company) be clipped in a bed thickness be 37.5 microns pvf film (
PV2001, du pont company) and between the EVA film (auspicious good fortune board photovoltaic cell EVA glued membrane, R767 is available from the auspicious sunlight volt in Wenzhou Materials Co., Ltd) of 37.5 microns of layer thicknesses, hot pressing forms stack membrane under vacuum condition.Measure its water vapor rejection performance with top method, the result is 0.77g/m2/day.After being 500 microns EVA (auspicious good fortune board photovoltaic cell EVA glued membrane, R767 is available from the auspicious sunlight in Wenzhou volt Materials Co., Ltd) hot pressing together with thickness, test the adhesive force of itself and EVA layer with top method, the result is 70N/cm.
A kind of glass (tempering ultra-clear glasses is provided, available from Dongguan Nanbo Solar Energy Glass Co., Ltd., 3.2mm is thick), on this glass surface, suppress uniform tetragonal pyramid superficial makings with the method for hot pressing, this superficial makings is evenly distributed on the whole surface of described glass plate, and distribution density is 1.0 * 10
6G/cm
2, the height of single tetragonal pyramid is 5.0 microns, and bottom side length is 10 microns, and the distance between two tetragonal pyramid summits is 10 microns.
Described glass is formed solar panel as header board, above-mentioned stack membrane as backboard, and wherein the contiguous solar cell circuit of a side of preceding strip texture is placed.
With the power output of said method mensuration battery component, the result is 179 watts.
With the hydrothermal aging of said method mensuration battery component, vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer xanthochromia index Δ YI is 1.
The anti-vapor permeability of present embodiment explanation stack membrane of the present invention
A bed thickness be 37.5 microns pvf film (
PV2001, du pont company) goes up the aluminium film of 20 microns of vacuum evaporating one bed thickness, form lamination.With a bed thickness be subsequently 250 microns the PTT film (
Du pont company) be clipped in the aluminium film of described lamination and another bed thickness be 37.5 microns pvf film (
PV2001, du pont company) between, hot pressing forms stack membrane under vacuum condition.Measure its water vapor rejection performance with top method, the result is 0.07g/m
2/ day.After being 500 microns EVA (auspicious good fortune board photovoltaic cell EVA glued membrane, R767 is available from the auspicious sunlight in Wenzhou volt Materials Co., Ltd) hot pressing together with thickness, test the adhesive force of itself and EVA layer with top method, the result is 70N/cm.A kind of glass (tempering ultra-clear glasses is provided, available from Dongguan Nanbo Solar Energy Glass Co., Ltd., 3.2mm is thick), on this glass surface, suppress uniform tetragonal pyramid superficial makings with the method for hot pressing, this superficial makings is evenly distributed on the whole surface of described glass plate, and distribution density is 1.0 * 10
6G/cm
2, the height of single tetragonal pyramid is 5.0 microns, and bottom side length is 10 microns, and the distance between two tetragonal pyramid summits is 10 microns.
Described glass is formed solar panel as header board, above-mentioned stack membrane as backboard, and wherein the contiguous solar cell circuit of a side of preceding strip texture is placed.
With the power output of said method mensuration battery component, the result is 179 watts.
With the hydrothermal aging of said method mensuration battery component, vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer encapsulated layer xanthochromia index Δ YI is zero.
Claims (34)
1. stack membrane, it comprises:
The ground floor fluoro-containing copolymer film;
Superimposed PTT intermediate layer on first type surface of described ground floor fluoro-containing copolymer film; With
Superimposed back sheet on the opposite major surfaces of described PTT intermediate layer, described back sheet is selected from the stack membrane of stack membrane, polymeric layer and PTT of stack membrane, aluminium foil and the PTT film of pvf film, polyethylene-vinyl acetate ester film, aluminium film and pvf film, and described polymer is selected from PETG, PTT, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene.
2. stack membrane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described fluoropolymer is selected from polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, Kynoar, ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer and polytrifluorochloroethylene and their blend.
3. stack membrane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described PTT intermediate layer comprise PTT and, in PTT, the PETG of 0-30 weight %.
4. stack membrane as claimed in claim 1, the thickness that it is characterized in that described ground floor pvf film are that the thickness of 10-200 micron, described second layer pvf film or polyethylene-vinyl acetate ester film is the 10-200 micron.
5. stack membrane as claimed in claim 4, the thickness that it is characterized in that described ground floor pvf film are that the thickness of 15-150 micron, described second layer pvf film or polyethylene-vinyl acetate ester film is the 15-150 micron.
6. stack membrane as claimed in claim 5, the thickness that it is characterized in that described ground floor pvf film are that the thickness of 20-100 micron, described second layer pvf film or polyethylene-vinyl acetate ester film is the 20-100 micron.
7. stack membrane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that its gross thickness is the 10-1000 micron.
8. stack membrane as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that its gross thickness is the 20-800 micron.
9. stack membrane as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that its gross thickness is the 40-200 micron.
10. stack membrane as claimed in claim 1, the degree of crystallinity that it is characterized in that described PTT are that 30-50%, vitrification point are 45-70 ℃.
11. stack membrane as claimed in claim 1, the hot strength that it is characterized in that described PTT are 60-70MPa, flexural modulus is that 2.4-3.0GPa, notched impact strength are 40-55J/m.
12. stack membrane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the proportion of described PTT can be 1300-1400kg/m
3, its water vapor absorption of 14 days is equal to or less than 0.15%.
13. a solar panel, it comprises backboard, header board and the solar cell circuit between described backboard and header board, and described backboard is made by the described stack membrane of claim 1.
14. solar panel as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that described header board have the first surface that is subjected to light and with described solar cell circuit adjacent second surface, described second surface has can improve the superficial makings that light is captured performance.
15. solar panel as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that described header board is ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, Kynoar, ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer, polytrifluorochloroethylene, liquid crystal polymer, PETG, PEN, polymethyl methacrylate, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, the Merlon of fluoridizing by being selected from; The plastic material of the laminate of polyurethane or two or more formation in them makes.
16. solar panel as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that improving on the described second surface light and captures the superficial makings of performance and be selected from two or more combination of continuous or discrete pyramid, terrace with edge, circular cone, round platform, hemisphere or its.
17. solar panel as claimed in claim 16, the height that it is characterized in that described superficial makings are 500nm-100 μ m, depth-width ratio is 4:1-1:10.
18. solar panel as claimed in claim 17, the height that it is characterized in that described superficial makings are 1-10 μ m, depth-width ratio is 1:1-1:4.
19. solar panel as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that described superficial makings disperses, superficial makings evenly distributes on this first type surface, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2
20. solar panel as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that described density is 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
21. solar panel as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that described superficial makings disperses, and forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, the above protruding micro-structural is a continuous distribution on each island.
22. solar panel as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that described superficial makings disperses, form a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, is discrete distribution equably at the above texture of each island, its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2
23. solar panel as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that described density is 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
24. solar panel as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that having one deck anti-reflection film on the superficies of described header board.
25. solar panel as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that described stack membrane backboard can improve the superficial makings that light is captured performance near having on the surface of solar cell circuit, described superficial makings is selected from two or more combination of continuous or discrete pyramid, terrace with edge, circular cone, round platform, hemisphere or its.
26. solar panel as claimed in claim 25, the height that it is characterized in that described superficial makings are 500nm-100 μ m, depth-width ratio is 4:1-1:10.
27. solar panel as claimed in claim 26, the height that it is characterized in that described superficial makings are 1-10 μ m, depth-width ratio is 1:1-1:4.
28. solar panel as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that described superficial makings disperses, superficial makings evenly distributes on this first type surface, and its density is 1-10
8Individual/cm
2
29. solar panel as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that described density is 10
4-10
7Individual/cm
2
30. solar panel as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that described superficial makings disperses, and forms a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, the above protruding micro-structural is a continuous distribution on each island.
31. solar panel as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that described superficial makings disperses, form a plurality of discrete islands on this first type surface, is discrete distribution equably at the above texture of each island, its density is 1-10
4Individual/cm
2
32. solar panel as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that described density is 10
4-10
8Individual/cm
2
33. solar panel as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that having the layer of metal reflector at described stack membrane backboard on the surface away from described solar cell circuit.
34. solar panel as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that its backboard stack membrane is combined by individual layer or multilayer PTT and aluminium or other thin polymer film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710166979 CN101431107A (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2007-11-07 | Laminated film and solar cell panel employing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710166979 CN101431107A (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2007-11-07 | Laminated film and solar cell panel employing the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101431107A true CN101431107A (en) | 2009-05-13 |
Family
ID=40646356
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710166979 Pending CN101431107A (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2007-11-07 | Laminated film and solar cell panel employing the same |
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Application publication date: 20090513 |