TW201135215A - Method for determining the concentration of nitric acid - Google Patents
Method for determining the concentration of nitric acid Download PDFInfo
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- TW201135215A TW201135215A TW100104705A TW100104705A TW201135215A TW 201135215 A TW201135215 A TW 201135215A TW 100104705 A TW100104705 A TW 100104705A TW 100104705 A TW100104705 A TW 100104705A TW 201135215 A TW201135215 A TW 201135215A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- nitric acid
- concentration
- nitrate
- eliminator
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004497 NIR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003638 H2SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000491 multivariate analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZEFWRWWINDLIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluorosilane;dihydrofluoride Chemical compound F.F.F[Si](F)(F)F ZEFWRWWINDLIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 titration Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000007704 wet chemistry method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001674044 Blattodea Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011878 Deafness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001463 antimony compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000895 deafness Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012992 electron transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000016354 hearing loss disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MBAKFIZHTUAVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-I hexafluoroantimony(1-);hydron Chemical compound F.F[Sb](F)(F)(F)F MBAKFIZHTUAVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002908 osmium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000008 strontium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K13/00—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
- C09K13/04—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions containing an inorganic acid
- C09K13/08—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions containing an inorganic acid containing a fluorine compound
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/12—Circuits of general importance; Signal processing
- G01N2201/129—Using chemometrical methods
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Description
201135215 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於矽基板濕式化學處理領域。本發明特定古 之係關於一種測定處理矽基板所用之水性處理溶液中硝酸 濃度的方法。 【先前技術】 含硝酸(HN〇3)之混合酸大量用於各種基板特別是矽基板 之淨化、粗化及平整處理》在該等混合酸中,硝酸用於氧 化基板。作為氧化成分之補充,此等混合酸另含有含氟化 合物,例如氫氟酸、氟化銨、氟化鈉或可與氧化基板反應 (例如,將基板溶解)之含氟化合物。 此外,該等混合酸中必要時亦添加其他成分,例如硫 酸、磷酸或表面活性劑。 上述混合酸之主要用途包括對基板(尤其是光電及半導 體工業用矽晶圓)進行表面粗化(粗化)及拋光(平整)處理。 製造光電元件時,藉由此等混合酸亦可有效實現晶圓之邊 緣隔離。該等混合酸另外亦可用於對矽基板進行預處理以 沈積金屬以及用於選擇性溶解矽或矽化合物。 如專業人士所知,上述處理過程與商業息息相關。 在所有上述用途中,混合酸的組成(包括硝酸含量)與處 理結果之間均存在極大關聯。 基板變化基於酸與基板表面間之複雜的化學反應。在該 等反應過程中’ S复被消耗,形成新的反應產物,受此等反 應產物影響,習知技術尚不能以簡單而可靠之方式自動測 154177.doc
S 201135215 定硝酸含量。故而在與本發明相關之矽基板濕式化學酸處 理過程中,除了如六氟合矽酸(H2SiF6)及水等液態反應產 物外,亦會產生氣態反應產物,例如NOx及揮發性氟/矽化 合物,該等氣態反應產物部分自處理溶液逸出,部分則溶 解於處理介質。 其中,反應機制、反應速度及化學/物理平衡方式及狀 況會受諸如各種成分之相對濃度、溫度、處理溶液湍流及 基板表面特性等參數的影響而發生變化。 不論早前抑或最近皆存在大量致力於解釋其中之關聯的 科學論著(參閱Μ. Steinert等人,Study on the mechanism of silicon etching in HN03-rich HF/HN03 mixtures, J. Phys. Chem.,111,2133-2140, 2007)。此等來自於基礎研究 領域之論文雖在闡明相關現象方面作出了極大貢獻,但仍 有大量問題未予解答》 此外,多年以來業界之研究力量一直致力於如何在對處 理過程進行在線物理及化學分析時推進此等理論知識之實 際應用(參閱 A. Henflge,J. Acker,Chemical analysis of acidic silicon etch solution, I. Titrimetric determination of HN03j HF, and H2SiF6, Talanta 73, 220-226, 2007 ; J.
Acker, A. Henfige, Chemical analysis of acidic silicon etch solution, II. Determination of HNO3, HF, and H2S1F6 by ion chromatography, Talanta 72, 1540-1545, 2007 ; M. Zimmer 等人,In-line analysis and process control in wet chemical texturing process, 22nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy 154177.doc 201135215
Conference and Exhibition, Milano, Italy, 2007 i W. Weinreich 等人,Determination of total fluoride in
HF/HNO3/H2S1F6 etch solution by new potentiometric titration methods, Talanta 71, 1901-1905, 2007 ; US 7,351,349 B2 ; M. Zimmer 等人,Spectroscopical inline analysis of wet chemical process, 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Cconference, Valencia, Spain, 2008 ; M. Zimmer 等人,NIR-spectroscopical process control for wet chemical processes, 24th European Solar Energy Conference^ Hamburg, Germany, 2009) 0 在前述混合酸中測定製程相關成分時,硝酸測定乃一關 鍵步驟。當瑞酸濃度已知時,藉由在水性介質中用驗液滴 定,遂可算出氫氟酸含量。 先前技術中有多種分析方法可用於測定硝酸,如滴定 法、近紅外光譜法、紫外光譜法/測光法及層析法。但此 等習知方法在提供可靠及精確資料方面無法滿足本發明之 要求。 滴定法可順利測定酸之總和。藉滴定法雖能單獨測定硝 酸,但其不足之處頗多。以有機溶劑(例如,丙酮)為滴定 劑可在前述混合酸中單獨滴定硝酸。但此種在溶劑中進行 的滴定並不適合在處理條件下實施。此外,矽之存在亦會 引發諸多問題(參閱A. Henflge und J. Acker,前述同處)。 另一種藉由滴定法測定硝酸的方法為:除了用鹼液滴定 各酸外,再以鑭鹽溶液為滴定劑進行第二次滴定以偵測含 154177.doc 201135215 敗化合物之總和(參閱W.Weinreich等人,前述同處)。計算 兩次滴定的結果後可測定硝酸含量。 但在工業應用中,鑭鹽溶液滴定法在成本方面存在極大 不利之處。鑭屬於稀土元素。倘若以每小時進行六次分析 計,持續偵測含氟化合物所需之鑭用量的費用將達到每年 50000歐元之數量級。 作為滴定法之替代方法,近年來業界普遍採用近紅外光 譜法來分析前述混合酸中的硝酸。 藉由近紅外光譜法可在流量計中精確測定Hf、hn〇3及 H2SiFe專邊種1,無需試樣尺寸與試樣處理❶此外,設備 結構簡單,分析時間極短,購置費用不高,連續運行成本 較低。 近紅外光譜法在混合酸分析方面之特定應用在各種公開 文獻中有所描述(參閱US 7,351,349 B2; M. Zimmer等人, 前述同處(2008) ; M. Zimmer等人,前述同處(2〇〇9))。 應用近紅外光譜法之缺點在於製作分析模型所需之校準 工作量頗大。近紅外光譜法在本發明之專門應用(即,對 上述混合酸進行過程分析)中亦存在特別嚴重的缺點。 本發明之應用t所存在的酸HN〇3、H2SiF6&HF在近紅 外範圍内不具有自有吸收帶。上述酸僅以特殊方式使水的 吸收帶發生形變從而僅可間接加以測定。此外,各種酸使 水帶發生特殊形變之能力差異極其細微。 因此,在真實工業應用之惡劣環境條件下使用近紅外光 譜法所獲得的混合酸測定結果必須加以嚴格評估。 154177.doc 201135215 原則上亦可採用紫外光譜法/測光法來測定硝酸。 眾所周知,硝酸鹽(no/)作為硝酸之陰離子在小於約330 nm之紫外線範圍内吸收輻射的能力極強’且相應顯示較高 之靈敏度。水及廢水中硝酸鹽含量即便再低(1·20 mg/l之 數量級),亦可在波長約為220 nm之紫外線範圍内直接予 以測定。 紫外光譜法/測光法極其精確、靈敏,成本低,實用, 故而原則上亦適用於過程分析。相關文獻中亦有多處提及 東外光譜法/測光法在前述混合酸中測定石肖酸之應用。 然而’此類方法在實際條件下的可用性有限,亦即,惟 本發明所涉及之混合酸尚未被使用時方可實施。即便是少 量消耗,亦即,僅使用少量混合酸來處理基板,亦會使紫 外光譜中與硝酸鹽測定有關之範圍(小於約33〇 nm)被其他 吸收帶完全覆蓋。 ,離子層析法乃此困境之解決之道。才目_文獻對離子層析 法在分析前述混合酸方面的應用有大篇幅描述。然考慮到 需使用靈敏度較兩之分離柱,高設備投人及高昂的維護費 用T子層析法目前仍為一種實驗室所應用的分析方法。 儘管業界已極盡努力,但迄今尚未能找到—種可為硝酸 提供既可靠亦精確之資料的實用型監測及控制方法,所謂 、尘J者係私適用於任何—種前述類型之濕式化學應 員域…'而此種方法(視情況須與已用化學藥品之受控 添,相結合)乃心處理結果穩定之先決條件。 【發明内容】 I54177.doc 201135215 有馨於此’本發明之目的在於提供__種可消除先前技術 2不足的方法。藉由本發明之方法可在包含㈣與含氣化 ^物且用於石夕基板之濕式化學處理的水性介質中可靠測定 石肖酸濃度。此外,該方法既適用於已用介質亦適用於未用 介質。 此目的藉由提供如獨立項所述之方法而達成。較佳實施 方式由各附屬項給出。 與本發明之方法用以在矽基板之產生N〇x化合物的濕式化 學處理過程中在包含賴與含氟化合物之水性介質中測定 肖西文濃度,具體係在存在至少一消除劑抑或使用至少一消 除劑之情況下藉由紫外光譜法/測光法測定硝酸鹽濃度, 該消除劑用於消除硝酸鹽之紫外吸收譜中由ΝΟχ引發的干 擾。 其中’硝酸鹽濃度等於硝酸濃度。 本發明長:供一種實用方法,藉由該方法可以極高之精度 測定混合酸内之硝酸含量,且該混合酸既可為未用混合 酸’亦可為已用混合酸。 本發明在相關工作中出人意料地發現,藉由添加(例如) 尿素幾乎可完全消除與硝酸鹽測量有關之小於約330 nm2 备、外線範圍所受到的干擾。因而在添加尿素後,無需稀釋 混合酸即可對其進行測量。僅測量管需相應選用較薄之層 厚°由此可證明,在小於約33〇 nm之紫外線範圍内引發干 擾性吸收者並非混合酸與基板發生反應所產生之其他反應 產物’而主要是NOx化合物。 154177.doc 201135215 本發明所用之「Ν〇χ化合物」概念涉及氮氧化物、亞硝 氣或氧化氮,係指氮之氣態氧化物。本發明以ΝΟχ簡稱 之’因為氮因具有諸多氧化態而存在多種氮氧化合物 (N20 ' NO ' N2〇3 ' N〇2 > n2〇4 ' N205) 0 進一步之實驗結果表明,除尿素外,亦可單獨或結合使 用胺基項酸及下文所列之其他物質來消除相關紫外線範圍 内由現存NOdb合物引發的干擾。 藉紫外光譜法/測光法測定硝酸時,小於約33〇 nm之相 關波長範圍會受到干擾’本發明用以消除此種干擾之機制 因適用消除劑之實際選擇的不同而不同。 為了成功應用本發明之方法,選擇及添加或使用適用消 除劑時必須遵循下文所述之各準則。 與現有頌酸量相符之待測硝酸鹽含量不得因所選用之一 或多種消除劑而發生變化。據此,消除Ν〇χ干擾時不得產 生會使測量受到影響的硝酸鹽量。此外亦不得因使用消除 劑而消耗足以產生影響的硝酸鹽量。 該消除劑必須消除或至少抑制紫外光譜中與硝酸鹽測量 有關之小於約330 nm的波長範圍由ΝΟχ化合物所引發之干 擾’使得至少透過多變量資料分析之採用可對硝酸鹽峰值 進行分析。 該消除劑及其反應產物自身不得在紫外光譜中與硝酸鹽 測量有關之小於約330 nm的波長範圍内存在吸收行為。該 消除劑及其反應產物在上述波長範圍内所引起的吸收至少 應如此之低’使得透過多變量資料分析之採用可對硝酸鹽 154177.doc •10- 201135215 峰值進行分析。 該消除劑對干擾性N〇x化合物之消除程度應確保Ν〇χ化 合物之反應產物不會在相關紫外線範圍内引發新的干擾。 NOdb 0物之反應產物在上述波長範圍内所引發的硝酸鹽 峰值干擾至少應如此之低,使得透過多變量資料分析之採 用可對硝酸鹽峰值進行分析。 在考慮上述準則之情況下,自下列物質所構成之群組中 選擇一或多種合適物質來消除由NOx引發的干擾: (1)虱、氨之衍生物(例如’如尿素、胺基磺酸 '甲醯胺、 乙酿胺等醯胺)及其混合物 消除機制係於相應反應條 件下將NOX還原成氣態氮。 ⑺氨基酸特別是甘氨酸及—級胺。消除機制係於相應反 應條件下使NOX經由不穩定重氮鹽還原為氣態氮。 ⑺其他胺類’例如對胺基苯續酸。其作用係在產生不同 化合物(例如,重氮鹽)之情況下與Ν〇χ發生反應。 ⑷還原劑(例如’亞硫酸鹽或亞硫酸)' 草酸及其鹽類。 其作用係於相應反應條件下將Ν〇χ還原成氣態氣或其 他不影響硝酸鹽峰值的化合物;及 (5)上述物質之混合物。 。以上建議在本發明方法範圍内選用的物質及化合物既可 早獨使用亦可組合使用,既可以固體物質形式添加,亦可 =液形式添加’纟中,每次添加時相對於而一應莫耳 匕㈣。必要時可按需要將配料加熱以加快反應。 根據本發明,亦可將上述物u化合物送1某種通試樣 154177.doc 201135215 溶液之喷射筒。 根據本發明之替代或補充方案,該消除劑可選自(6)經 用金剛石或電子轉移劑(例如,硫堇或金屬卟啉)專門處理 的載流(固體)電極(例如’觸摻雜金剛石電極;玻碳電 極)。其作用方式係使N〇x於上述類型之專用電極上發生電 化冬還原。除了須為電極供電外’此種替代實施方式無需 使用(1)至(5)中所列之物質或化合物。 最後亦可將(7)氫及/或甲酸用作本發明之消除劑,此可 替代(1)至(5)中所列之物質或化合物,亦可與之結合使 用。在此藉由氫之提供或藉由直接於催化劑上產生氫,以 催化方式(例如)在鈀或鈀摻雜催化劑上實現Ν〇χ2電化學 還原,抑或藉由添加還原劑(例如,曱酸或曱酸鹽)以實現 NOx之電化學還原。 根據本發明,藉此可在相應使用消除劑後利用紫外光譜 法/測光法直接測定前述混合酸内之硝酸鹽濃度。 採用本發明方法所測定之硝酸鹽含量可等同於硝酸含 量’因為除了來自於硝酸之硝酸鹽離子外,實際不存在其 他形式之硝酸鹽。 尿素乃特別適用於本發明之消除劑,使用時應相對於 Ν〇χ化合物莫耳過剩’事實證明,〇.2莫耳尿素對一公升混 合酸足以取得預期效果。 在設備技術方面,亦可將該消除反應設計成自最佳化過 程。其中’自動實施消除劑之多次定量添加,且自動對最 合適的峰值進行分析。 154177.doc -12·
S 201135215 必要時可藉由多變量資料分析以數學方式對硝酸鹽光譜 之可能剩餘覆蓋進行補償。 原則上既可分批亦可連續在試樣中添加或使用一或多種 消除劑。 根據一種較佳實施方式,使用由藍寶石構成的測量管實 施紫外光謹法/測光法。作為替代方案,建議使用氣化烴 制測量管’然而由於氟化烴自吸收較高,所需提供之光功 率應遠高於上述方案。 各種類型之發光器材均可用作光譜分析的光源,例如連 續發光型氛燈、高能量氣燈或雷射光源。雷射光源(例 如,雷射二極體)之特點在於其僅在窄波長範圍内發光, 近來亦可以合適價格購得波長低至紫外線(uv)範圍的雷射 光源。 只要雷射二極體之發射與分析物之吸收波長匹配,則使 用寬頻光電二極體即足以偵測被吸收光量,而無需使用包 含繞射光柵與二極體陣列之光譜儀。 本發明之方法既適用於線上及線内過程分析,亦適用於 實驗室分析。設備方面既可實施為單一式獨立設備,亦可 與其他設備及方法(例如,滴定法及/或近紅外光譜法)相結 合0 【實施方式】 下文將聯繫圖1透過非限制性實施例對本發明 說明。 仃砰細 實施例 154177.doc 201135215 將上述方法應用於矽基板之濕式化學處理。基板平放於 :當之輸送構件上,沿水平方向穿過一包含蝕刻液之容 °°示尺之外,5亥飯刻液内另含有氫氟酸(15 wt%)與确酸 (35 wt%)。姓亥j石夕絲時會產生反應產物,纽等反應產 物影響,很難甚或無法藉由紫外光譜法/測光法直接進行 硝I之即時測定,故而在該蝕刻液之2 5 ml試樣中添加2 5 ml之0.2莫耳尿素溶液。使用層厚為5 mm之藍寶石測量管 在200 nm至33 0 nm之波長範圍内用對該混合物進行硝酸鹽 含量之光譜測定。 圖1所示為測定結果。實線代表該蝕刻液未添加消除劑 時之測得紫外光譜。虛線為添加尿素後的結果。如圖所 示’在對照試驗中被所產生之N〇xt合物遮蔽的預期硝酸 鹽峰值在該圖中十分清晰,如此便可可靠定量;6肖酸鹽或硝 酸之濃度。 154177.doc
Claims (1)
- 201135215 七、申請專利範圍· 1 · 一種測定硝酸濃度的方法’用於在;ε夕基板之產生n〇x化 合物的濕式化學處理過程中在包含硝酸與含氟化合物之 水性介質中測定硝酸濃度’具體係在存在至少一消除劑 , 抑或使用至少一消除劑之情況下,藉由紫外光譜法/測光 • 法測定硝酸鹽濃度’該消除劑用於消除硝,酸鹽之紫外吸 收譜中由ΝΟχ引發的干擾。 2 ·如請求項1之方法’其特徵在於,該至少一消除劑選自 下列物質所構成之群組: (1) 氨及醯胺; (2) 氨基酸及一級胺; (3) 還原劑; (4) 氫; (5) 曱酸及曱酸鹽; (6) 載流電極;及 (7) 上述物質之混合物。 3 ·如凊求項1或2之方法,其特徵在於,採用尿素作為該消 除劑。 4. 如明求項1或2之方法’其特徵在於,在小於等於do nm 之波長範圍内實施該紫外光譜法/測光法。 5. 如明求項1或2之方法,其特舉在於,實施該紫外光谱法/ 測光法時使用由藍寶石或可透射紫外線之塑膠構成的測 量管。 154177.doc
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JPH01242940A (ja) * | 1988-03-24 | 1989-09-27 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 硝酸イオン濃度と亜硝酸イオン濃度の測定方法 |
US5376214A (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1994-12-27 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Etching device |
JP3772456B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-23 | 2006-05-10 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 太陽電池及びその製造方法、半導体製造装置 |
JPH11194120A (ja) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-07-21 | Nippon Kasei Chem Co Ltd | エッチングプロセスにおける混酸液の定量分析方法、定量分析装置およびエッチング制御方法ならびに上記の混酸液の製造方法 |
JP4393021B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-31 | 2010-01-06 | 三菱化学株式会社 | エッチング液の製造方法 |
TW511180B (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-11-21 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Mixed acid solution in etching process, process for producing the same, etching process using the same and process for producing semiconductor device |
IL145649A0 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2002-06-30 | Nira Sciences Ltd | Method and apparatus for real-time dynamic chemical analysis |
JP5058560B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-26 | 2012-10-24 | 株式会社平間理化研究所 | エッチング液管理装置 |
JP2009019877A (ja) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-29 | Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd | エッチング液成分の濃度測定装置および濃度測定方法 |
-
2011
- 2011-02-10 JP JP2012552308A patent/JP2013519098A/ja active Pending
- 2011-02-10 WO PCT/EP2011/000619 patent/WO2011098271A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-02-10 CN CN2011800093797A patent/CN102791830A/zh active Pending
- 2011-02-10 KR KR1020127023509A patent/KR101439901B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-02-10 US US13/576,119 patent/US20120292522A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-02-10 EP EP11704408.1A patent/EP2534222B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-02-11 TW TW100104705A patent/TW201135215A/zh unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101439901B1 (ko) | 2014-09-12 |
US20120292522A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
KR20120125523A (ko) | 2012-11-15 |
EP2534222B1 (de) | 2013-11-27 |
CN102791830A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
WO2011098271A1 (de) | 2011-08-18 |
JP2013519098A (ja) | 2013-05-23 |
EP2534222A1 (de) | 2012-12-19 |
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