TW201130564A - Method for upgrading combustion ash - Google Patents
Method for upgrading combustion ash Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201130564A TW201130564A TW99141910A TW99141910A TW201130564A TW 201130564 A TW201130564 A TW 201130564A TW 99141910 A TW99141910 A TW 99141910A TW 99141910 A TW99141910 A TW 99141910A TW 201130564 A TW201130564 A TW 201130564A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- ash
- mercury
- mortar
- depleted
- slurry
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 methoxypropan-2-yloxy Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010754 BS 2869 Class F Substances 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YNDGDLJDSBUSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum strontium Chemical compound [Al].[Sr] YNDGDLJDSBUSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNJPQTDTZAKTFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Ce+3] UNJPQTDTZAKTFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/26—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from raw materials containing flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B43/00—Obtaining mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
- B02B5/00—Grain treatment not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/006—Hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/12—Natural pozzuolanas; Natural pozzuolana cements; Artificial pozzuolanas or artificial pozzuolana cements other than those obtained from waste or combustion residues, e.g. burned clay; Treating inorganic materials to improve their pozzuolanic characteristics
- C04B7/13—Mixtures thereof with inorganic cementitious materials, e.g. Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/007—Modifying reagents for adjusting pH or conductivity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/04—Frothers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
- B03D2203/08—Coal ores, fly ash or soot
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S106/00—Compositions: coating or plastic
- Y10S106/01—Fly ash
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Description
201130564 六、發明說明: 【考务日月戶斤冬時々貝3 發明領域 本發明係有關於提高用於,諸如作為用於摻合水泥之 火山灰添加物或作為用於水泥燒塊製造之水泥窯原料的燃 燒灰品質之方法。 L· Ί 發明背景 在水泥製造之技藝中已知燃燒灰(尤其瀝青煤飛灰)由 於具有火山灰性質,所以可作為水泥製造之有用添加物。 火山灰為一種材料,其在與水進行水合期間,當與藉水泥 (例如波特蘭(Portland)水泥)而釋出之氫氧化弼化合時在水 存在水可顯示水泥性質。火山灰(諸如F級之瀝青飛灰)若符 合某些品質規格(例如ASTM C618),則可作為摻合水泥之 一組份。 仔自此專材料對捧合水泥之添加的技術上之優點包括 母單位體積水泥砂漿或混凝土之波特蘭水泥的使用量減 少、增加的強度、及該水泥砂漿或混凝土之透水性降低。 經濟上的優點係得自波特蘭水泥之使用量減少、所製成之 該水泥砂漿或混凝土的品質較高、及送至廢渣埋填地 (landfill)之煤飛灰減至最少。 該作為火山灰之煙煤飛灰的價值係藉降低其粒度而增 強’粒度之降低可增加⑪石及_質材料對藉波特蘭水泥^ 水合而產生的游離態氫氧化鈣之表面積及反應性、降2水 201130564 孔隙率及增加所形成混凝土之抗壓強度。瀝青飛灰之氨含 量降低亦可增其作為火山灰的價值,因為當添加該氨耗乏 之灰至水泥燒塊及水以製造摻合水泥、水泥砂漿或混凝土 時,幾乎無釋放氨。 亦已知用於水泥窯之鋁矽酸鹽原料(其包括瀝青飛灰) 的總粒度分佈的減少可增強水泥窯產量。與習知頁岩鋁矽 酸鹽投入量比較,Bhatty 等人在 “Utilization of Discarded Fly Ash as a Raw Material in the Production of Portland
Cement,” Journal of ASTM International, Vol. 3,No. l〇 (2006)中將水泥燒塊製造之9.7%增加量部份歸因於煤飛灰 之較低粒度。 然而,相對於頁岩或黏土,該瀝青飛灰之高汞含量會 大幅度地降低其作為水泥窯原料之被接受性。唯一具有高 於煤飛煙之平均汞含量的水泥窯原料為再生水泥窯微塵: Portland Cement Association, PC R&D Serial No. 2888, (2006)。就管理自水泥窯操作所排放之汞的規定而言,高汞 含量被認為是對水泥製造中之燃燒灰用途的一項障礙: Daniel Crowley, 4tCement Kiln Mercury Reduction Strategies A Case Study in Materials Management,55 Cement Industry Technical Conference, (2010)。 因此,需要可藉減少汞含量而提高燃燒灰(尤其瀝青煤 飛灰)品質之實用、合乎經濟的大規模製法。 L發明内容3 發明概要 201130564 本發明者已碟定濕泡殊浮選法可顯著地降低火山灰燃 k灰(尤其;歷青燃燒灰)之水含量。而且,當在濕泡沫浮選前 進行該灰之粉碎時’可進-步增絲減量,可改善采耗乏 之灰白汗選法回收,且由於減低的粒度及顯著減低的采含 s,所以該灰作為火山灰或水泥窯原料之價值可提升。 在-實施例中,本發明提供一種用於降低火山灰燃燒 灰的汞含量之方法。形成具有該燃燒灰及水之漿體並使其 進行泡沫浮選以形成富含汞之灰漿體、及汞耗乏之灰漿 體。自該富含汞之灰漿體分離該汞耗乏之灰漿體產物。 在本發明之某些貫施例中,該方法亦包括以下步驟: 在進行泡沫浮選前,將該燃燒灰粉碎以降低尤其呈漿體形 式之該燃燒存的平均粒度。 本發明進一步提供用於減少火山灰燃燒灰之氨含量藉 以減少該燃燒灰中之汞及氨的數量之方法。 本發明進一步提供藉上述方法而製成之汞耗乏的燃燒 灰漿體、及部份乾燥與完全乾燥之燃燒灰。就這些產物而 言,火山灰之應用包括在濕水泥窯、水泥砂漿或混凝土之 使用(就該濕汞耗乏的灰漿體而言)。該乾燥的汞耗乏之灰產 物可用於乾水泥窯以製造水泥燒塊。 本發明之其它方面及具體實施例之特徵描述在下文中。 圖式簡單說明 第1圖為本發明一實施例之示意圖。 t實施方式:j 較佳實施例之詳細說明 201130564 用於本發明之方法中之燃燒灰可以是具有采含量之任 何種類的火山灰燃燒灰’尤其煤燃燒灰,因此較佳減少用 於火山灰應用或水泥燒塊製造之該燃燒灰的汞含量。一實 例為瀝青煤燃燒灰,尤其瀝青煤飛灰。除了汞外,該燃燒 灰尚可包括氨。 參考第1圖,其中可视需要選用的步驟係以虛線表示, 藉在漿體混合槽S内混合燃燒灰(物料流20)及水(物料流22) 而形成燃燒灰漿體。將該燃燒灰漿體(物料流2 6)饋入習知泡 沫浮選裝置F内。 藉使用一合適化學收集劑而操作該泡沫浮選步驟而使 該汞變疏水性以將其分成泡沫。該收集劑可具疏水性、或 疏水性及微親水性。煤油、或煤油及松油之混合物為合適 收集劑的實例。在該泡沫浮選步驟進行期間,若必要可添 加水(物料流30)、該收集劑(物料流32)及起沫劑(物料流 34)。可選擇性添加酸(物料流36)。根據特定應用之需求, 選擇並控制在本項技藝中已為吾人所熟知之泡料選的習 知加工參數且其等包括浮選槽體積、pH控制、葉輪速度、 充氣流率、收集賴型及比率、起沫麵型及比率、混合 物溫度、㈣密度、灰調理期之長度(亦即試劑混合時間)。 該泡沐浮選步料以是單—p諸或多階段。 可調節該泡床浮選槽内之燃燒灰聚體的pH以使汞減少 的灰之產率最佳化。該崎灰之PH可大財·變且可以 是驗性或雜。可_續(·械)而在料職内將具 有’例如約8之P_驗性灰«酸化至約4之pH或在3.5_4.5 6 201130564 或3.8-4.2範圍内之pH。於低pH下,該浮選方法進行的更順 利。然而,若自該方法捨棄之灰欲排放至未用線標示之廢 渣埋填地,則可在該浮選槽内向上調整pH。 該泡沫浮選法可將該燃燒灰漿體分成富含汞之燃燒灰 漿體(亦即其汞濃度高於該投入的燃燒灰漿體)及汞耗乏之 燃燒灰漿體(亦即其汞濃度低於該投入的燃燒存漿體)。自該 浮選槽移除呈泡沫產物(物料流38)形式之富含汞的灰漿體 並送至泡沫收集器以便棄置或進一步加工。移除該汞耗乏 的灰漿體(物料流4 0)並使其從過量水中分離出來。該方法能 有效移除氧化汞及元素汞(其等皆可形成存在於燃燒灰中 之汞)。 可將該汞耗乏的灰漿體選擇性地送至乾燥器D,於其中 可部份或完全移除水(物料流42),留下部份或完全乾燥之汞 耗乏的灰產物(物料流44)。例如可藉離心處理該漿體以將其 部份乾燥或先進行離心處理,繼而於l〇5°C下進行烘箱乾 燥,費時24時以將其完全乾燥。若該汞耗乏的灰漿體欲用 於濕水泥窯内,則可省略該乾燥步驟。 在進行泡沫浮選前,可選擇性粉碎該燃燒灰。在該方 法之本實施例中,並未將其直接饋至該泡沫浮選裝置F,而 是將該燃燒灰漿體(物料流44)饋至粉碎機P。將該燃燒灰粉 碎可降低其平均粒度且業經確認可增強該汞耗乏的灰漿體 產物之浮選產率。可使用任何合適的粉碎裝置。例如該粉 碎機可以是由Nyberg等人在US 5,005,773中所述之聲頻超 音波處理機類型,其具有含有研磨介質之粉碎室,且其在 201130564 市面上係購自 Sonoro Energy Ltd. of Vancouver BC。可使用 研磨介質(諸如2毫米直徑或更小之氧化結珠粒)、50-400Hz 之操作頻率、及30秒或更少、或15秒或更少的粉碎時間操 作此種粉碎機。如Macas在US 5,318,228中所述’可以以分 批模式或較佳連續模式操作該聲頻超音波處理機粉碎器’ 其係使用該等研磨室上之篩以滯留其内之研磨介質。 然後將該粉碎的燃燒灰(物料流48)饋至泡沫浮選裝置F 且如上述持續進行該方法。 在另一可替代的實施例(該圖示内並未顯示)中’係以乾 燥形式粉碎該燃燒灰,然後將其饋至漿體混合槽,並如上 述使該漿體進行泡沫浮選。 實例1 使具有250ppb(每十億分之一)汞、28.6微米平均粒度及 8.4之pH的瀝青煤飛灰a進行泡沫浮選。其浮選條件為: 1200i*pm葉輪速度;每分鐘1〇升之充氣流率,亦即丨〇9升空 氣/每升漿料/每分鐘;作為收集劑之煤油及松油(得自松 樹),0.004克煤油/每克飛灰,〇〇〇4克松油/每克飛灰;作為 起珠劑之0.002克Dowfroth 250-C(l-(l-甲氧基丙-2-基氧)丙 -2-醇)/每克飛灰;10%漿料密度(灰之乾質量/灰漿體之質 置);黎·體溫度35°C ; 9.2升浮選槽;未進行pH調整;5分鐘 調理時間;20分鐘充氣時間。 一试樣在泡沫浮選前並未經粉碎,而其它試樣係使用 聲頻超音波處理機以分批模式或連續模式進行粉碎。泡沫 浮選後,測定平均粒度、汞含量及該汞耗乏之灰漿體產物 201130564 的產率。結果示於表1内。 表1 分批浮選數據(未酸化之浮選漿體) 未經粉碎 經粉碎 — 分批 連續 粉碎時間(秒) 0 15 2.7 15 平均粒度(微米) 28.4 11.6 25.0 17.2 汞含量(ppb) 40 <20 20 <20 產率(質量%) 52.3 65.9 54.9 64.5 表1内之“<20”表示汞含量小於該測試設備之檢測限值 (亦即20ppb)。 該等結果表示該燃燒灰之泡沫浮選可顯著地減少汞含 量,並表示初粉碎可增強該減少作用。 實例2 除了藉添加0.0037克硫酸/每克飛灰至該泡沫浮選槽而 將該灰漿體之pH調整至pH 4不同外,在相同條件下處理如 同貫例1内之遞青飛灰A試樣。結果不於表2内。 表2 分批浮選數據(酸化之浮選漿體) 未經粉碎 經粉碎 -- 分批 連續 粉碎時間(秒) 0 15 2.7 5 平均粒度(微米) 21.0 9.4 19.1 18.2 汞含量(ppb) 30 <20 <20 <20 產率(質量%) 69.3 75.1 69.8 73.1 該等結果證明該灰之酸化處理可增加該汞耗乏之灰漿 體的產率。 實例3 201130564 在下述條件下,在聲頻3升超音波處理室内將含205ppb 汞、及192ppm(每百萬之份數)有效氨態氮之粗未篩選F級瀝 青煤飛灰B粉碎,費時3分鐘,該等條件如下:8.8公斤之1.18 毫米鋼珠粉碎介質、0.6公斤水、及0.85公斤粗瀝青飛灰, 其等可形成23%之室空隙率。 粉碎後,該有效氨態氮含量為2.67ppm,因此可獲得 98.6%的減量。然後如實例1所述,使該經粉碎飛灰進行泡 沫浮選。該有效氨態氮可進一步減至1.86ppm或總共減少 99%。 前述說明文及圖示從頭至尾,具體細節業經揭示以使 熟悉本項技藝者更徹底瞭解。然而,已為吾人所熟知之要 素可未經詳述表示或描述以避免不必要地混淆本揭示文。 該描述文及圖示欲被視為闡明用而非限制用。 按照前述揭示文,熟悉本項技藝者可知只要不違背本 發明之範圍,在實踐本發明時可以有許多變更及修飾。本 發明之範圍欲根據以下申請專利範圍而推斷。 C圖式簡單說明3 第1圖為本發明一實施例之示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 20.. .燃燒灰 22,30,42··.水 26.. .燃燒灰漿體 32.. .收集劑 34.. .起沫劑 10 201130564 36.. .酸 38.. .泡泳產物 40.. .汞耗乏之灰漿體 44.. .部份或完全乾燥之汞耗乏灰產物 48.. .經粉碎之燃燒灰 D...乾燥機 F...泡沫浮選裝置 5.. .漿體混合槽 P...粉碎機
Claims (1)
- 201130564 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種減少火山灰燃燒灰(pozzolanic combustion ash)之汞含 量的方法,其包括以下步驟: (a) 形成該燃燒灰及水之漿體; (b) 使該灰漿體進行泡沫浮選以形成一富含汞的灰 漿體,及一汞耗乏的灰漿體;及 (c) 自該富含汞之灰漿體分離該汞耗乏的灰漿體產物。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該泡沫浮選包括調 整該灰漿體之pH。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該pH調整為pH降低 作用。 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中係使該pH減至 3.5-4.5範圍内之pH。 5. 如申請專利範圍第3或4項之方法,其中係使用硫酸以降 低該pH。 6. 如上述申請專利範圍中任一項之方法,其中用於該泡沫 浮選之起沫液體的pH係經減至一在3.5-4.5範圍内之 pH。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該泡沫浮選係在未 調整pH的情況下進行。 8. 如上述申請專利範圍中任一項之方法,其中用於該泡沫 浮選之收集劑具疏水性。 9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中該疏水收集劑為煤油。 10. 如申請專利範圍第1-7項中任一項之方法,其中用於該 12 201130564 …、μ π ·丨王跫微親水性。 11.如申請專利範圍第10項之 性收集劑為松油。 U錢水性暨微親水 專利範圍中任—項之方法,其中用於該泡沫 ,子起泳劑為叫甲氧丙-2-基氧)丙-2_醇。 13.如上述申請專利範圍中 控制該灰聚«料密度。法’其中步驟⑻包括 14=請專利範圍第⑽員中任一項之方法其中步驟⑻ 匕括控制料職_、葉輪速度、 體溫度、酸劑量、跄隹添θ ,予遊在 ^里㈣劑劑量、起沐劑劑量、試劑調理 時間及充氣時間。 15. 如上述申請專利範 祕人;卜人 方法,其中步驟⑻包括 移除3忒备含汞的灰漿體之泡沫。 16. 如上述申請專利範圍中任一項之方、& H丰〜 T任項之方法,在步驟(b)之前, 八進^匕括粉碎該燃燒灰之步驟。 •7. =利範圍第]6項之方法,其中該 驟⑷之後進行。 18‘如申請專利範圍第16或17項之方法,其令該粉碎步驟係 以分批模式進行。 、 Η‘如^專利範圍第Μ或Η項之方法,其中該粉碎步驟传 以連續模式進行。 哪你 2〇·如申請專利範圍第⑸9項中任一項之方法,其中 碎步驟係在研磨介質存在下進行。 1 礼如申請專利範圍第20項之方法,其中該研磨介質包含具 13 201130564 有2毫米或更小之直徑的珠粒。 22. 如申請專利範圍第20或21項之方法,其中該研磨介質為 氧化錯。 23. 如申請專利範圍第16或17項之方法,其中該粉碎步驟包 括控制研磨介質對燃燒灰之質量比,及該粉碎時間。 24. 如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中該質量比大於1。 25. 如申請專利範圍第24項之方法,其中該質量比大於10。 26. 如申請專利範圍第16-25項中任一項之方法,其中該粉 碎步驟係在一聲頻超音波處理所施用之室(chamber)内 進行。 27. 如上述申請專利範圍中任一項之方法,其中該燃燒灰為 煤燃燒灰。 28. 如申請專利範圍第27項之方法,其中該煤燃燒灰為瀝青 煤燃燒灰。 29. 如申請專利範圍第28項之方法,其中該瀝青煤燃燒灰為 飛灰。 30. 如上述申請專利範圍中任一項之方法,其中該燃燒灰含 有氨且該方法可降低氨含量以致使步驟⑻之該汞耗乏 的灰漿之氨含量低於步驟(a)之灰漿體的氨含量。 31. 如上述申請專利範圍中任一項之方法,在步驟(c)之後, 其進一步包括部份或完全乾燥該汞耗乏之灰漿體的步 驟。 32. —種汞耗乏之灰漿體,其係藉如申請專利範圍中任一項 之方法而製成。 14 201130564 33. —種經部份或完全乾燥之汞耗乏的灰,其係藉如申請專 利範圍第31項之方法而製成。 15
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US26629709P | 2009-12-03 | 2009-12-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201130564A true TW201130564A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
TWI499456B TWI499456B (zh) | 2015-09-11 |
Family
ID=43707773
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW099141910A TWI499456B (zh) | 2009-12-03 | 2010-12-02 | 用於提高燃燒灰品質的方法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8888909B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2507187B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101789344B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2785299C (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2507187T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2622555C2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI499456B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011067656A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201204447B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108554606B (zh) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-11-17 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | 一种焦化除尘灰安全利用系统及方法 |
EP4357314A1 (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-24 | Politechnika Slaska | A method of valorization and separation of aggregates, especially fly ash, in order to remove nh3 compounds |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK146216C (da) | 1981-02-16 | 1984-02-20 | Oeresund Kryolit | Fremgangsmaade til fraskillelse af kulpartikler fra flyveaske ved flotation |
US4592834A (en) | 1983-06-16 | 1986-06-03 | Board Of Control Of Michigan Technological University | Column froth flotation |
US4941134A (en) | 1988-04-01 | 1990-07-10 | Arc Sonics Inc. | Sonic generator |
US5244492A (en) | 1992-06-26 | 1993-09-14 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Process for recovery of metallic mercury from contaminated mercury-containing soil |
US5318228A (en) | 1992-12-15 | 1994-06-07 | Neos Technology Inc. | Sodium dispersion and organohalide reaction processes |
JP2792444B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-22 | 1998-09-03 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 飛灰からの重金属類の回収方法 |
JP3505000B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-17 | 2004-03-08 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | 石炭灰の処理方法 |
US5840179A (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1998-11-24 | Jtm Industries, Inc. | Ultrasonic conditioning and wet scubbing of fly ash |
US6290066B1 (en) | 1998-03-26 | 2001-09-18 | Board Of Control For Michigan Technological University | Method for removal of ammonia from fly ash |
US7217401B2 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2007-05-15 | Wisconsin Electric Power Company | Mercury removal from activated carbon and/or fly ash |
RU2306981C1 (ru) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-09-27 | Борис Семенович Ксенофонтов | Способ переработки зольных отходов |
WO2008069118A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Taiheiyo Cement Corporation | 石炭灰の処理方法及び処理装置 |
RU2438791C2 (ru) * | 2008-04-18 | 2012-01-10 | Владимир Александрович Бернштейн | Способ разделения угольсодержащего продукта |
-
2010
- 2010-12-02 TW TW099141910A patent/TWI499456B/zh active
- 2010-12-02 EP EP20100803628 patent/EP2507187B1/en active Active
- 2010-12-02 KR KR1020127017234A patent/KR101789344B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-12-02 RU RU2012127570A patent/RU2622555C2/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-12-02 WO PCT/IB2010/003077 patent/WO2011067656A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-12-02 PL PL10803628T patent/PL2507187T3/pl unknown
- 2010-12-02 CA CA 2785299 patent/CA2785299C/en active Active
- 2010-12-02 US US13/513,158 patent/US8888909B2/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-06-18 ZA ZA2012/04447A patent/ZA201204447B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20120128604A (ko) | 2012-11-27 |
ZA201204447B (en) | 2013-02-27 |
WO2011067656A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
US8888909B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
US20120234211A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
EP2507187B1 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
RU2622555C2 (ru) | 2017-06-16 |
PL2507187T3 (pl) | 2015-01-30 |
EP2507187A1 (en) | 2012-10-10 |
TWI499456B (zh) | 2015-09-11 |
RU2012127570A (ru) | 2014-01-20 |
KR101789344B1 (ko) | 2017-10-23 |
CA2785299A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
CA2785299C (en) | 2014-01-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN109516703B (zh) | 从拆除废料收回骨料和粉状矿物材料 | |
AU2009256088B2 (en) | Upgraded combustion ash and its method of production | |
JPH05238792A (ja) | 再生骨材の製造方法および再生骨材 | |
CN112551537A (zh) | 从铝土矿残留物中获得有价值物质的方法和装置 | |
TW201130564A (en) | Method for upgrading combustion ash | |
CN111422893A (zh) | 一种消石灰吸收剂的制备方法及相关的消石灰吸收剂 | |
CN114538874B (zh) | 一种利用铜尾矿湿磨加热活化技术来制备蒸压加气混凝土砌块的方法 | |
JP5194202B2 (ja) | 高強度ガラス質バルーンの製造方法 | |
JPH10114556A (ja) | 再生セメントの製造方法及び再生セメント | |
WO2011096605A1 (ko) | 생활폐기물 소각 바닥재를 활용한 이산화탄소 고정화 방법 | |
JP6768036B2 (ja) | 改質フライアッシュの製造方法およびフライアッシュ原粉の品質判断方法 | |
JPH11128881A (ja) | 石炭灰改質方法 | |
JP6912696B2 (ja) | 水硬性石灰及びその製造方法 | |
JP2020114790A (ja) | 回収二水石膏のセメント原料としての使用方法 | |
CN110563444B (zh) | 一种罗源红尾料的综合利用方法 | |
JP2010064903A (ja) | 高強度、高真球度シラスバルーンの製造方法 | |
CN106007419A (zh) | 一种基于建筑垃圾中再生微粉的活性激发方法 | |
KR100541463B1 (ko) | 습식 비중선별법에 의한 브라운관 연마재 슬러지의 재활용방법 | |
Groppo et al. | Classification and froth flotation of fly ash for producing high-quality pozzolan | |
JP2020011234A (ja) | 改質フライアッシュの製造方法およびフライアッシュ原粉の品質判断方法 | |
TW201210982A (en) | Building material made from sediments and method for fabricating the same | |
JP2011140422A (ja) | モルタル又はコンクリート用細骨材、及びこれを用いたモルタル、コンクリートの製造方法 | |
JP2001219029A (ja) | 排煙脱硫材及びその製造方法 | |
JPH10202227A (ja) | 生ごみの脱水処理方法 |