TW201003869A - Wire bonding structure, method for bonding a wire and method for manufacturing a semiconductor package - Google Patents

Wire bonding structure, method for bonding a wire and method for manufacturing a semiconductor package Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201003869A
TW201003869A TW097142458A TW97142458A TW201003869A TW 201003869 A TW201003869 A TW 201003869A TW 097142458 A TW097142458 A TW 097142458A TW 97142458 A TW97142458 A TW 97142458A TW 201003869 A TW201003869 A TW 201003869A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
wire
bonding
intermediate material
pad
copper
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TW097142458A
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English (en)
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TWI436465B (zh
Inventor
Hsiao-Chuan Chang
Tsung-Yueh Tsai
Yi-Shao Lai
Ho-Ming Tong
Jian-Cheng Chen
Wei-Chi Yih
Chang-Ying Hung
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Advanced Semiconductor Eng
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Publication of TW201003869A publication Critical patent/TW201003869A/zh
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Publication of TWI436465B publication Critical patent/TWI436465B/zh

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    • H01L24/02Bonding areas ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
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    • H01L24/06Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bonding areas prior to the connecting process of a plurality of bonding areas
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Description

201003869 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種銲線接合結構及方法,更 特別有關於一種銲線接合方法,藉由一加熱裝置, 使銅製銲線接合於晶片接墊。 【先前技術】 參考第1圖,在半導體封裝構造製程中,銲線 r 接合方法的技術廣泛地將銲線14應用於晶片1〇之 接墊11與基板12之接墊13間的電性連接。打線接 合製程是以金線為主,但鋼線具有低成本的優勢。 1較於金’銅具有較佳的導電性及導熱性,可使銅 製銲線之線徑較細及散熱效率較佳。然而,銅具有 延性不足及易氧化的缺點’使銅製銲線在應用上仍 有所限制。 ί ^目前’銅製銲線只能應用在大尺寸之晶片接塾 或低介電值材料(1,κ)晶圓之晶片接墊,其原因在 =鋼製銲線接合製程之成功將取決於晶片接塾之結 構強度。為了避免銅製銲線接合製程之失敗,小尺 寸晶片接墊將被限制。 :考第2至4圖,其顯示習知銅製銲線接合方 ;〇::ίί 2圖’藉由一打線機,提供-銅製銲線 用放雷鋼線22及一銅球24 °該銅球24是利 "、法或氫焰燒結成球而連接於該銅線22 3 201003869 之一端。參考第3圖,將該銅球24施壓而變形。參 考第4圖,藉由一振動製程,將該銅球24接合於一 銘製接塾3 2。然而,在施壓製程時,由於銅之硬度 較大,因此施壓時銅製銲線20所造成之力將可能損 壞鋁製接墊32之結構。再者,先前技術之鋁製接墊 32與銅製銲線20之間的介金屬化合物(intermetallic compound ; IMC)所形成之數量不足,因此先前技術 之銲線接合結構具有較小的鍵結力,進而只具有較 ( 低的可靠度。 參考第5圖,美國專利第6,329,722 B1號,標 題為“用於積體電路之具有銅金屬化處理的接墊 (Bonding Pads for Integrated Circuits Having Copper Interconnect Metallization)” ,揭示一種裝置具有薄 金屬塗層70(諸如錫),其針對用於積體電路之具有 銅金屬化處理的接墊60形成強大的鍵結。該薄金屬 # 塗層70之表面氧化可被限制,且其氧化物可容易地 被移除。再者,具有該薄金屬塗層70之接墊60可 在低溫時形成介金屬,致使該接墊60可銲接與相容 於銲線80。 然而,該專利仍藉由習知施壓及振動製程將該 銲線80之球狀部接合於具有該薄金屬塗層70之接 墊6 0,而非藉由一簡單加熱製程。 因此,便有需要提供一種銲線接合結構及方 201003869 法,能夠解決前述的問題。 【發明内容】 本發明提供—種多 —種銲線接合方法
並固定於該鋁 接合於該中間材料。 方法,包含下列步 ,將一銅製銲線之 藉此使該銅製銲線 根據本♦ a月之銲線接合方法,在力。熱製程時, 由於該銅製銲線並無施壓於位於該鋁製接墊之中間 材料’因此銅製銲線將不會損壞鋁製接墊之結構。 再者,本發明之銲線接合結構的中間材料與銅製銲 線之間以及中間材料與鋁製接墊之間皆具有較大的 鍵結力,進而具有較高的可靠度。 為了讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優 點能更明顯,下文將配合所附圖示’作詳細說明如 下。 【實施方式】
之半導體封裝構造的製造方法。參考第6圖,提供 —晶圓100,装宗羞右if數徊陆κ.丨i ...
製接墊132)。該保護層112覆蓋該鋁製接塾132 ,201003869 並裸露出一部分之該鋁製接墊132,藉此該鋁製接 墊132具有一外面積A卜參考第8圖,將一中間材 料140覆蓋該紹製㈣132 ’並固定於該銘製接塾 132上。該中間材料14〇之厚度介於約〇1與約2密 爾(mil)之間。
在本實施例中,可藉由一電鍍製程,將該中間 材料140覆蓋該紹製㈣132,並固定於該銘製接 塾132上。在另一實施例中,可藉由一賤鑛製程, 將該中間材料140覆蓋該鋁製接墊132,並 該鋁製接墊132上。在又一實施例中,可藉由一印 刷製程,將該中間材料14〇覆蓋該鋁製接墊132, 並固定於該I呂製接墊132上。 由於該鋁製接墊132不須考慮氧化問題,因此 該中間材料140不須覆蓋整個該鋁製接墊所裸 露之外面積A1。較佳地,該鋁製接墊132被該中間 材料140所覆蓋之面積A2可小於該鋁製接墊Η] 之99%外面積A1。同時,可節省該中間材料14〇之 用量。再者,由於該中間材料14〇所覆蓋之面積八2 必須有足夠大,才能用以銲接於一銲線,因此該鋁 製接墊132被該中間材料140所覆蓋之面積A2可大 於該鋁製接墊之30%外面積A1。 參考第9圖,將該晶圓1〇〇切割成複數個晶片 no,如此以形成具有鋁製接墊132及中間材料^4〇 201003869 的阳片110。參考第10圖,藉由諸如黏膠1〇4將該 晶片110固定於一載板1〇6上。該載板1〇6可為基 板或導線架。 參考第11圖,藉由一打線機1〇2,提供一銲線(諸 如銅製銲線120),其中該銅製銲線12〇僅由單—線 狀部122所組成’且該線狀部122由一端124至另 缟126之剖面面積大體上相同。參考第12圖,在 ί 本實施例中,可將該銅製銲線120之一端124接觸 該中間材料140。參考第13圖,在另一實施例中, 可將該銅製鲜線120之-端124插入該中間材料 參考第14圖,藉由一加熱裝置1〇8,將一銅製 銲線120之-端124與該中間材料⑽之間的介面 加熱而熔融,或者將該中間材料14〇加熱而熔融, 糟此使-部分之線狀部122被該中間材料14〇所 包覆’且該銅製銲線12〇接合於該中間材料14〇, 如此以形成本發明之銲線接合結構’並完成本發明 之銲線接合方法。舉例而言’該加熱裳置⑽可為 运射加熱裝置,將熱源集中於該銅製銲線12〇與該 =材料uo之間的介面,可使該銅製鲜線12〇之 :m與該中間材料140瞬間熔融。然後,該銅 ^線120之一端124與該中間材料⑽固化而結 δ (如第15圖所示,即第14圖之八部 7 201003869 或者,將熱源集中於該中間材料14〇,可使該中間 材料140瞬間溶融。然後,該銅製鲜線12〇之一端 124與該中間材料14〇固化而結合(如第圖所示, 亦P第14圖之B部分之剖面),其中該銅製銲線 之線狀部122仍可保持由一端m至另一端126之 剖面面積大體上相同。 、參考第17圖,該中間材料140及鋁製接墊132 可視為-晶片接塾15〇 ’ ^該銅製料12()之一端 124電性連接於該晶片㈣15(),該㈣銲線12〇之 另^ 126 了電性連接於該载板1〇6之接墊^ο?, 如此以完成本發明之半導體封裝構造的製造方法。 該晶片接塾電性連接於該晶片之線路(圖未示)。 %. 1.: 在本實施例中,該中間材料140選自錫(Sn)、金 (AU)、辞(Zn)、麵(Pt)、把 _、猛(Mn)、鎮(Mg)、 銦(In)、鍺(Ge)及銀(Ag)所構成之群組。該中間材料 140曰與銅製銲線12〇之間的介金屬化合物所形成之 數量大於製接墊132與銅製銲線m之間的介 ^屬化合物所形成之數量,且該中間材料14〇與銘 )接塾132之間的介金屬化合物所形成之數量大於 該铭製接塾132與銅製銲線12()之間的介金屬化合 物所形成之數里。因此,該中間材料刚與銅製鲜 線120之間的鍵結力大於該銘製接# U2與銅製銲 線120之間的鍵結力,且該中間材料140與紹製接 201003869 墊132之間的鍵結力大於該鋁製接墊132與銅製銲 線12 0之間的鍵結力。 在一替代實施例中,該中間材料140亦可選自 鎳(Ni)、飢(V)、銘(A1)、銅(Cu)、鈦(Ti)、錫(Sn)、 金(Au)、鋅(Zn)、鉑(Pt)、鈀(Pd)、錳(Μη)、鎂(Mg)、 銦(In)、鍺(Ge)及銀(Ag)所構成之群組中的單一元素 或一種以上的元素合金。較佳的組合可為:鎳纪金 (Ni/Pd/Au)之元素合金、鎳鈀(Ni/Pd)之元素合金、鋁 鎳銅(Al/Ni/Cu)之元素合金、鈦鎳銅(Ti/Ni/Cu)之元 素合金、鈦銅(Ti/Cu)之元素合金或銅錫(Cu/Sn)之元 素合金。 根據本發明之銲線接合方法,在加熱製程時, 由於該銅製銲線並無施壓於位於該鋁製接墊之中間 材料,因此該銅製銲線將不會損壞鋁製接墊之結 構。再者,本發明之銲線接合結構的中間材料與銅 製銲線之間以及中間材料與鋁製接墊之間皆具有較 大的鍵結力,進而具有較高的可靠度。 參考第18圖,其顯示本發明之第二實施例之半 導體封裝構造製造方法之銲線接合方法。該第二實 施例之半導體封裝構造製造方法大體上類似於該第 一實施例之半導體封裝構造製造方法,相同元件標 示相同的標號。兩者之不同處是在於第二實施例之 半導體封裝構造製造方法之銲線接合方法包含下列 9 .201003869 步驟:先將該銅製輝,線120之一端124接觸該中 間材料140 ;然後藉由一加熱裝置,將該銅製銲線 120之一端124加熱而熔融,藉此使該銅製銲線 120接合於該中間材料14〇。或者,先藉由一加埶 裝置’將一銅製銲線12〇之一端124加熱而炼融、| 然後將該銅製鮮、線12〇之-端124接觸該中間材 料140,藉此使該銅製銲線12〇接合於該中間材料 140 〇 根據本發明之銲線接合方法,在加熱製程時, 由於該銅製銲線亦無施壓於位於該铭製接墊之中間 材料,因此該銅製銲線將不會損壞鋁製接墊之結 構^再者,树明之銲線接合結構的中間材料與銅 製銲線之間以及中間材料與鋁製接墊之間皆具有較 大的鍵結力,進而具有較高的可靠度。 參考第19圖,其顯示本發明之第三實施例之半 導體封裝構造製造方法之銲線接合方法。該第三實 把例之半導體縣構造製造方法大體上類似於該第 =實施例之半導體封裝構造製造方法,相同元件桿 示相同的標號。兩者之不同處是在於該第三實施: 之半導體封裝構造製造方法並未包含將一中間材料 H0覆蓋該鋁製接墊132,並固定於該鋁製接墊η) ^之步驟。再者,該第三實施例之半導體封裝構造 製造方法之銲線接合方法包含下列步驟:先將該銅 .201003869 製銲線之一端接觸該鋁製接墊132;然後藉由一加 "’、裝置,將该銲線之一端加熱而熔融,藉此使該 銅製銲線接合於該銘製接塾132。或者,先藉由一 加熱裝置,將一銅製銲線之一端加熱而溶融;然 後將該銅製銲線之一端接觸該鋁製接墊132,藉此 使該銅製銲線接合於該铭製接墊132。 根據本表明之知線接合方法,在加熱製程時, f .由於該銅製銲線亦無施壓於位於肋製接塾,因此 ' 銅製銲線將不會損壞鋁製接墊之結構。 、,然本發明已以前述實施例揭示,然其並非用 =限定本發明,任何本發明所屬技術領域中具有通 常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍内,當可 作各種之更動與修改。因此本發明之保護範圍;視 後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 【圖式簡單說明】 ί 第1圖為先前技術之銲線接合方法之剖面示竟 圖。 、、 第2至4圖為先前技術之銅製銲線接合方法之 剖面示意圖。 第5圖為先前技術之銲線接合結構之刮面示意 圖。 第6至17圖為本發明之第—實施例之半導體封 裝構造的製造方法之剖面示意圖。 11 201003869 造的製造方生φ 第二貞施例之半導體封裝構 +立园 /中之銲線接合方法之部分放大之剖面 ”思圖’其顯示第14圖之c部分之剖面。 、生的=19圖為本發明之第三實施例之半導體封裝構 方法中之銲線接合方法之部分放大之剖面 :忍圖’其顯示第14圖之d部分之剖面。 【主要元件符號說明】 10晶片 12基板 14 鲜線 20 銲線 24 銅球 60 接墊 80 銲線 102打線機 10 6載板 108加熱裝置 112保護層 120銲線 124端 132接墊 150晶片接墊 11 接塾 13 接墊 22 銅線 32 接墊 70 金屬塗層 100 晶圓 104 黏膠 107 接墊 110 晶片 122 線狀部 126 端 140 中間材料 A1 外面積 A 部分 C 部分 A2 面積 B 部分 D 部分 12

Claims (1)

  1. 201003869 七、申請專利範圍: 1· 一種銲線接合結構,包含: 一接塾; 並固定於該接墊上; 一中間材料,覆蓋該接墊, 以及 條贫於该中間材料,其令該 =線狀料組成,且-部分之線狀部被該中段 材料所包覆。 2·,申請專利範圍帛1項之銲線接合結構,其中該 銲線為一銅製銲線,且該接墊為一鋁製接墊。 3. 依申請專利範圍第2項之銲線接合結構,其中該 中間材料及鋁製接墊組合成一晶片接墊。 4. 依申請專利範圍第2項之銲線接合結構,其中該 中間材料選自鎳(Ni)、釩(V)、鈦(Ti)、錫(Sn)、金 ( (Au)、鋅(Zn)、鈾(pt)、鈀(pd)、猛(Mn)、鎂(Mg)、 姻(〖η)、鍺(Ge)及銀(Ag)所構成之群組。 5. 依申請專利範圍第2項之銲線接合結構,其中該 該中間材料選自鎳(Ni)、釩(V)、鋁(A1)、銅(Cu)、 鈦(Ti)、錫(sn)、金(Au)、鋅(Zn)、鉑(Pt)、鈀(Pd)、 猛(Μη)、鎂(Mg)、銦(In)、鍺(Ge)及銀(Ag)所構成 之群組中一種以上的元素合金。 6. 依申請專利範圍第2項之銲線接合結構,其中該 13 201003869 中間材料與銅製銲綠 之數量大於該鋁制妞 介金屬化合物所形成 化合物所形成=θ塾與銅製銲線之間的介金屬 ,介金St所料靖接塾 塾與銅製銲線之間的^ 之數量大於該銘製接 量。 、"金屬化合物所形成之數 / ::材料與銅製銲線之間的鍵結力大於該;= 鍵結力,且該中間材= 之間的鍵結力鍵、,,。力大於該銘製接塾與銅製銲線 8·依申請專利範圍第2項之銲線接合結構,其中該 銘製接墊被該中間材料所覆篆 乂 接—與30%之 =;面盍積⑽ 9’依申請專利範圍冑1項之銲線接合結構,其中該 .泉狀4自$而至另一端之剖面面積大體上相同。 10. 一種銲線接合方法,包含下列步驟: 將一中間材料覆蓋一接墊,並固定於該接墊 上;以及 藉由一加熱裝置,將該中間材料加熱而熔融,藉 此使一銲線接合於該中間材料。 曰 11. 依申請專利範圍第10項之銲線接合方法,另包 14 201003869 含下列步驟: 將該銲線之該端接觸該中間材料。 12.依申請專利範圍第1〇項之銲線接合方法另包 含下列步驟: 將該銲線之該端插入該中間材料。 13·依申請專利範圍第1〇項之銲線接合方法,其中 # 該加熱裝置為雷射加熱裝置。 ' 14\ ,申請專利範圍第10項之銲線接合方法,其中 1銲線僅由單—線狀部所組成,且該線狀部由一 端至另一端之剖面面積大體上相同。 15.,申請專利範圍帛9項之銲線接合方法,其中 S早表為銅製銲線,且該接墊為一銘製接墊。 種銲線接合方法,包含下列步驟: ( 將中間材料覆蓋一接墊,並固定於該接墊 上;以及 藉^加熱裝置,將一銲線之一端與該中間材 之;1面加熱而熔融,藉此使該銲線接合於該中 間材料。 τ 17人依中請專利範圍第16項之銲線接合方法, 含下列步驟: 匕 將該銲線之該端接觸該中間材料。 15 201003869 18.依申请專利範圍第16項之銲線接合方法,另包 含下列步驟: 將該銲線之該端插入該中間材料。 19·依申請專利範圍第16項之銲線接合方法,其中 該加熱裝置為雷射加熱裝置。 20. 一種知線接合方法,包含下列步驟: 將一中間材料覆蓋一接墊,並固定於該接墊 Γ 上;以及 “藉由-加熱裝置,冑—銲線之_端加熱而溶融, 藉此使该銲線接合於該中間材料。 21. 依申請專利範圍第2〇項之桿線接合方法,另包 含下列步驟: 將該銲線之該端接觸該中間材料。 22依申請專利範圍第2〇項之銲線接合方法,其中 該加熱裝置為雷射加熱裝置。 23. 依申請專利範圍帛2〇項之鲜線接合方法,其中 該銲線為一鋼製銲線,且該接墊為一鋁製接墊。 24. 一種銲線接合方法,包含下列步驟: 提供一接墊;以及 +藉由加熱裴置,將一銲線之一端加熱而熔融, 藉此使該銲線接合於該接墊。 16 201003869 25. 依申請專利範圍第24項之銲線接合方法,另包 含下列步驟: 將該銲線之該端接觸該接墊。 26. 依申請專利範圍第24項之銲線接合方法,其令 該加熱裝置為雷射加熱裝置。 27·依申請專利範圍第24項之銲線接合方法,其中 該銲線為一銅製銲線,且該接墊為一鋁製接墊。 種半^Γ體封裝構造的製造方法,包含下列步 提,一晶圓,其定義有複數個陣列式排列之晶 片,母一晶片包含至少一接塾; 將一中間材料覆蓋該接墊,並固定於該接墊上; 將該晶圓切割成複數個晶片; 將該晶片固定於一载板上;以及 藉由-加熱農置,將一銲線、該中間材料或兩 ^間的介面加熱而溶融’藉此使該 於 該中間材料。 2 9 申請專利範圍第28項之半導體封裝構造的製 3。法,其中該加熱裝置為雷射加熱裝置。 。·造::請甘專利範圍第28項之半導體封裝構造的製 銘製接墊、。中該鲜線為一鋼製鲜線,且該接墊為— 17
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TWI436465B (zh) 2014-05-01
TW201003867A (en) 2010-01-16

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