TW200405095A - Transflective liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

A transflective liquid crystal display device is provided which is bright in the transmission mode, high in contrast, designable to be thin, and less dependence on the viewing angle. The transflective liquid crystal display comprises a first substrate having a transparent substrate, a second substrate having a transflective electrode, a nematic liquid crystal layer sandwiched therebetween, a first optical anisotropic element disposed on the first substrate, a polarizer disposed on the first optical anisotropic element, a second optical anisotropic element disposed on the first substrate, and a polarizer disposed on the second optical anisotropic element wherein the first optical anisotropic element comprises a phase difference film fulfilling the specific requirements and the second optical anisotropic element is formed with a liquid crystalline polymeric substance exhibiting positive uniaxial properties.

Description

200405095 发明 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention is applied to 0A devices such as word processors or personal computers, mobile information devices such as electronic manuals and mobile phones, or camera-type VTRs equipped with liquid crystal displays. Both reflective and transmissive liquid crystal display elements. [Prior art] In recent years, liquid crystal display devices have gradually increased their market demand for displays for mobile information terminal devices, while making the most of their thin and lightweight features. Because mobile information terminals are usually battery-driven, reducing power consumption has become an important issue. Therefore, liquid crystal display elements such as mobile applications are particularly focused on reflective liquid crystal display elements that do not use a backlight that consumes a large amount of power, or that are not frequently used, and can achieve low power consumption, thinness, and light weight. A reflective liquid crystal display element is a two-plate reflective liquid crystal display element that uses a pair of polarizing plates to set up a liquid crystal cell, and a reflective plate on the outside. It is widely used for black and white displays. In addition, recently, a polarizing plate one-piece reflective liquid crystal display element using a polarizing plate and a reflecting plate in which a liquid crystal layer is disposed, is brighter in principle and easier to colorize than the polarizing plate two-piece type. It is practical. A polarizing plate is a one-piece reflective liquid crystal display element. In order to make the retardation plate disposed between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell have a slightly circular polarizing plate function, a 1/4 wavelength plate is used, and the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell is further used. The thickness is approximately 1/4 wavelength, and a normal white reflective liquid crystal display element can be realized (for example, refer to Japanese Patent 6 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 JP 6-1 1 7 1 Bulletin, International Publication No. 9 8/4 3 2 0, etc.). In terms of retardation plates, the use of a 1/4 wavelength plate can impart good circular polarizing plate characteristics. Therefore, it has been proposed to use at least: the phase difference of the birefringent light of monochromatic light at 5 50 nm is approximately 1/4 wavelength Two or more retardation films composed of a 1/4 wave plate and a 1 / 2-wave plate with a birefringent light phase difference of approximately 1/2 wavelength at 550 nm for monochromatic light (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1) 0-6 8 8 16). However, such reflective liquid crystal display elements usually perform display by using external light. Therefore, when used in a relatively dim environment, they have the disadvantage that the display is not easy to see. As a technique for solving this problem, there is a proposal to replace a reflective plate in a polarizing plate one-piece reflective liquid crystal display element with a transflective reflective plate having a property of transmitting a part of incident light and a transflective reflective type having a backlight source. A liquid crystal display element (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2 0 6 8 4 6). In this case, the reflection type (reflection mode) that uses external light can be used when the backlight is not lit, and the transmission type (transmission mode) that lights the backlight can be used in a dim environment. ). This polarizing plate is a one-piece transflective reflective liquid crystal display element. In the transmission mode, it is necessary to pass through the transflective reflective layer and emit slightly circular polarized light into the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, one or more pieces of polycarbonate are represented The polymer stretched film and the circular polarizing plate composed of a polarizing plate must be disposed between the semi-transmissive reflective layer and the backlight. However, in a transmission mode liquid crystal display element, because the refractive index anisotropy possessed by the liquid crystal molecules, when viewed from an oblique direction, it is essentially impossible to avoid a change in display color or display. ()) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 The problem of reduced viewing angle, in the circular polarizer using polymer stretch film, it is difficult to enlarge the viewing angle in essence. In addition, in terms of mobile information terminal equipment, the demand for thinness and lightening has been increasing in recent years. The components used in the display of mobile information terminal equipment have also strongly demanded to be thin and lightweight, but the polymer stretch film There are limits not only to manufacturing aspects, but also to thinness. In view of the foregoing, an object of the present invention is to provide a transflective reflective liquid crystal display element which has a bright and high-contrast display in a transmission mode and can be designed to have a thin thickness and a small viewing angle dependency. [Summary of the Invention] The first invention of the present invention relates to a transflective liquid crystal display element, comprising: a first substrate having a transparent electrode; and a transflective reflective electrode formed by a region having a reflective function and a region having a transmissive function A second substrate; a nematic liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first optically anisotropic element disposed on a back surface of a surface adjacent to the liquid crystal layer of the first substrate and One polarizing plate; and a second optical anisotropic element and one polarizing plate provided on the back surface of the surface adjacent to the liquid crystal layer of the second substrate; the first optical anisotropic element is composed of one When a retardation film composed of a polymer alignment film is set to Re (450), Re (550), and Re (650), the retardation values at the wavelengths (long) of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm are determined by A retardation film composed of the following formulae (I) and (Π),

Re (4 5 0) < Re (5 5 0) < Re (6 5 0) (I) 0.2 ^ Re (λ) / λ ^ 0.3 (Π) 8 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 The second optical anisotropic element is substantially formed of at least one liquid crystalline polymer substance exhibiting optical positive uniaxiality, and the liquid crystalline polymer substance contains A liquid crystal film (A) in which a nematic mixed alignment is fixed is formed. Furthermore, the second invention of the present invention is the above-mentioned transflective liquid crystal display element, wherein the second optically anisotropic element is composed of: at least one liquid crystalline polymer exhibiting optical positive uniaxiality The substance is substantially formed, and the liquid crystalline polymer substance contains a liquid crystal film (A) in which a nematic mixed alignment formed in a liquid crystal state is immobilized; and at least one polymer stretched film. Furthermore, the third invention of the present invention is the transflective liquid crystal display device described above, wherein the second optically anisotropic element is composed of: at least one liquid crystalline polymer exhibiting optical positive uniaxiality Substance is formed substantially, and the liquid crystalline polymer substance contains a liquid crystal film (A) in which a nematic hybrid alignment formed in a liquid crystal state is immobilized; and at least one piece has high liquid crystallinity showing optical uniaxiality The molecular substance is formed substantially, and the liquid crystalline polymer substance contains a liquid crystal film (B) in which a nematic alignment formed in a liquid crystal state is fixed. Furthermore, the fourth invention of the present invention is the above-mentioned semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display element, wherein the above-mentioned liquid crystal film (A) is a liquid crystal material that performs nematic mixing and alignment under the state of liquid crystal, and then cools from this state. The column mixing is biased toward the glass-immobilized liquid crystal film. Furthermore, the fifth invention of the present invention is the above-mentioned semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display element 'wherein' the above-mentioned liquid 1 crystal thin film (A) is a liquid crystal material that advances in a liquid crystal state 9 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92- 10/92121964 200405095 Liquid crystal film with row-nematic hybrid alignment, and then cross-linking reaction will be used to immobilize the nematic hybrid. In addition, the sixth invention of the present invention is the transflective liquid crystal display element described above, wherein the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the reflective function region and the transmissive function region is different, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer with the reflective function region is thinner than that of the transmissive liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer in the functional region is thick. Furthermore, the seventh invention of the present invention is the above-mentioned transflective liquid crystal display element, and adopts an electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) method. Furthermore, the eighth invention of the present invention is the transflective liquid crystal display element described above, and adopts a twisted nematic (T w i s t e d N e m a t i c, T N) method. Furthermore, the ninth invention of the present invention is the above-mentioned transflective liquid crystal display element, which adopts a hybrid alignment nematic (Hy b r d A 1 i g n e d N e m a 1: i c, H A N) method. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The transflective liquid crystal display element of the present invention is composed of a polarizing plate, a first optically anisotropic element, a liquid crystal cell, a second optically anisotropic element, a polarizing plate, and a backlight. If necessary, a light diffusion layer, a light control film, a light guide plate, a prism sheet, etc. may be further added. This type of liquid crystal display element can be used in two modes of reflection mode and transmission mode by providing a backlight in the rear. Next, a liquid crystal cell used in the present invention will be described. The liquid crystal cell used in the present invention is composed of the following components: a first substrate having a transparent electrode 10 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095; A second substrate having a transflective reflective electrode formed in the functional region; and a nematic liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal cell includes a semi-transmissive reflective layer formed by a reflective function region and a transmissive function region, and the reflective function region will become a reflective display section that performs reflective display, and the transmissive function region will become a transmissive display section that performs transmissive display. . The liquid crystal layer of the reflective display portion of the liquid crystal cell is preferably thicker than the transmissive display portion. The reason is explained below. First, when the liquid crystal layer thickness is set to a layer thickness suitable for reflective display, the transmission display of the transmission display section will be described. When the setting of the liquid crystal layer suitable for reflective display is performed, the amount of change in the polarization state derived from the alignment change in the external field such as the electric field of the liquid crystal layer is for the incident light to pass through the liquid crystal layer from the observer's end on the reflective layer. After being reflected, after passing through the liquid crystal layer again, it is emitted from the viewer's end, whereby the degree of sufficient contrast can be obtained by going back and forth to the liquid crystal layer. However, in this setting, the amount of change in the polarization state of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer through the display portion is insufficient. Therefore, even if a polarizing plate is additionally provided on the observer side of the liquid crystal cell used for reflective display, and the polarizing plate used only for the transmissive display is viewed from the observer side, it is arranged on the back of the liquid crystal cell, but it is still not available on the transmissive display portion. Full display. That is, when the liquid crystal alignment conditions are set to the liquid crystal layer alignment conditions suitable for the reflective display section, the transmission display section will show insufficient brightness, or even if the brightness is sufficient, the transmittance of the dark display is not reduced, so that The display cannot be fully contrasted. 11 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 Furthermore, if it is explained in detail, when performing a reflective display, a phase method of giving approximately 1/4 wavelength to light that passes through the liquid crystal layer only once is performed. 'The liquid crystal state in the liquid crystal layer is controlled by the applied voltage. In this way, if the thickness of the liquid crystal layer suitable for reflective display is to perform voltage modulation (m 0du 1 ati ο η) that imparts wavelength phase modulation and perform transmissive display, the transmittance of the transmissive display portion during dark display is sufficient. Below this, during the bright display through the display portion, the polarizing plate at the light emitting end will absorb half of the light, and a sufficient bright display cannot be obtained. In addition, if the display unit is configured to increase the brightness during bright display, and the arrangement of optical elements such as polarizing plates and phase compensation plates is adopted, the brightness of the display unit when it is dark will be the brightness during bright display. The contrast of bright display of about 1/2 will be insufficient. Conversely, when the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is set to a condition suitable for transmission display, it is necessary to apply a voltage modulation to the liquid crystal layer by applying a 1/2 wavelength retardation formula to the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer. Therefore, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the reflective portion must be smaller than that of the liquid crystal transmitted through the display portion in a display with high resolution and excellent visibility both in reflected and transmitted light. Preferably, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective display portion is about 1/2 of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transparent portion. Examples of the liquid crystal cell method include: a twisted nematic (TN) method, a super twisted nematic (STN) method, an electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) method, and a horizontal direction. In-Plane Switching (IPS) method, vertical S direction (Vertic 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964, the difference between the direction of the difference is 1/4, and the degree of transmission is displayed.) , Fang Zhifang's thickness of the light-emitting layer is too high. Al 12 200405095

Alignment (VA) method, Optically Compensated Birefringence (0CB) method, Hybrid Aligned Nematic (HAN) method, Axially Symmetric Aligned Microcell (ASM), halftone grayscale (halftone) grayscale) method, domain division method, or a display method using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal. In the case of the TN method, the twist direction of the liquid crystal layer may be left-handed or right-handed. The twisting angle is preferably below 90 degrees, especially below 70 degrees. When it is more than 90 degrees, there is a fear that an undesirable phenomenon in which the liquid crystal display element is attached with an unnecessary color may occur. In addition, the driving method of the liquid crystal cell is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a passive matrix method used in STN-LCD, etc., and a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) electrode, TFD (Thin Film Doide) electrode, etc. Any driving method, such as active matrix method and plasma addressing method. The transparent electrode system constituting the liquid crystal cell is only required to display the liquid crystal material constituting the liquid crystal layer, and the orientation is not particularly limited as long as the orientation is in a specific orientation direction. Specifically, a transparent substrate having the property of aligning liquid crystals, although the substrate itself lacks the ability to align, can be any transparent electrode provided with an alignment film or the like having the property of aligning liquid crystals. In addition, the electrode of the liquid crystal cell may be a known one such as I T 0. The electrode can usually be placed on the surface of the transparent substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer. When a substrate with an alignment film is used, it can be placed between the substrate and the alignment film. 13 312 / Explanation of the Invention (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 The material that does not show the liquid crystal properties of the liquid crystal layer is not particularly limited. Examples include: · Common low molecular liquid crystals that can form various liquid crystal cells Substances, polymer liquid crystal substances, and mixtures thereof. In addition, as long as the liquid crystallinity is not impaired, a pigment, a c h i r a 1 agent, a non-liquid crystal substance, or the like may be added. There are no particular restrictions on the area of the transflective reflective electrode that has a reflective function (hereinafter referred to as the "reflective layer"). Examples include metals such as Ming, silver, gold, chromium, platinum, alloys containing them, and oxidation. An oxide such as magnesium, a dielectric multilayer film, a liquid crystal exhibiting selective reflection, or a combination thereof. The reflective layers may be flat or curved. In addition, the reflective layer may be processed into a surface shape such as a concave-convex shape so as to have a diffuse reflectance, an electrode on the electrode substrate that has both an observer end and a back end of the liquid crystal cell, or a combination thereof. The polarizing plate used in the present invention is not limited as long as it can reach the purpose of the present invention, and ordinary ones used in liquid crystal display elements can be appropriately used. Specifically, a hydrophilic polymer film composed of a PVA system such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or a partially acetalized PVA, or a saponified product of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc., can be used by adsorbing iodine. And / or a polarizing film in which a dichroic pigment is stretched, and a polarizing film composed of a polyolefin alignment film such as a PVA dehydration treatment product or a vinyl chloride dehydrochlorination treatment product. Alternatively, a reflective polarizing film may be used. This polarizing plate can use a polarizing film alone, and for the purpose of improving the strength, improving the moisture resistance, and the heat resistance, a transparent protective layer or the like can be provided on one or both sides of the polarizing film. The transparent protective layer may be, for example, a transparent plastic film such as polyester or triethyl cellulose, laminated directly or through an adhesive layer, 14 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 clear resin coating Fabric layer, light-curable resin layer such as acrylic or epoxy. When these transparent protective layers are coated on both sides of the polarizing film, different protective layers may be provided on both sides. The first optically anisotropic element used in the present invention is configured by setting retardation values at wavelengths (λ) of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm to Re (450), Re (550), and Re (650), respectively. At this time, a retardation film is composed of one polymer alignment film satisfying the following formulae (I) and (Π).

Re (4 5 0) < Re (5 5 0) < Re (6 5 0) (I) 0.2 ^ Re (A) /A^0.3 (n) satisfies the above formula (I), that is, the shorter the wavelength A retardation film composed of one polymer alignment film having a smaller retardation value can be obtained by using a polymer alignment film that satisfies the following conditions (A) or (B). (A) having the following (1) to (3) alignment films, (1) a monomer unit (hereinafter referred to as a "first monomer unit") containing: a monomer compound forming a polymer compound having positive refractive index anisotropy; A thin film composed of a polymer compound (hereinafter referred to as a "second monomer unit") that forms a polymer unit having a negative refractive index anisotropic polymer compound; (2) a film based on the first monomer unit The Re (450) / Re (550) of the polymer compound is smaller than the Re (450) / Re (550) of the polymer compound based on the second monomer unit; and (3) each has a positive refractive index Anisotropy. (B) the following (1) to (3) an alignment film, (1) a monomer unit (hereinafter referred to as a "first monomer unit") comprising: a polymer compound having a positive refractive index anisotropy; Formed with polymer units that form polymer units with negative refractive index anisotropy (hereinafter referred to as "second monomer units") 15 312 / Explanation of the Invention (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 Film; (2) Re (450) / Re (550) of the polymer compound based on the first monomer unit is larger than Re (450) of the polymer compound based on the second monomer unit / Re (550); and (3) has negative refractive index anisotropy. An example of a condition that satisfies the conditions (A) and (B) above is the one that satisfies the following conditions (C) and (D). (C) It has the following (1) to (3) alignment films, (1) a polymer compound composed of a polymer compound having a positive refractive index anisotropy and a polymer compound having a negative refractive index anisotropy A polymer and / or a copolymer composed of a monomer unit forming a polymer compound having positive refractive index anisotropy and a monomer unit forming a polymer compound having negative refractive index anisotropy Thin film; (2) Re (4 50) / Re (550) of the polymer compound having positive refractive index anisotropy is smaller than that of polymer compound having negative refractive index anisotropy R e (4 5 0) / R e (5 5 0); and (3) has positive refractive index anisotropy. (D) having the following (1) to (3) alignment films, (1) a polymer compound composed of a polymer compound having a positive refractive index anisotropy and a polymer compound having a negative refractive index anisotropy A polymer and / or a copolymer composed of a monomer unit forming a polymer compound having positive refractive index anisotropy and a monomer unit forming a polymer compound having negative refractive index anisotropy Thin film; (2) Re (4 50) / Re (550) of the polymer compound having positive refractive index anisotropy is larger than that of polymer compound having negative, refractive index anisotropy R e (4 5 0) / R e (5 5 0); and (3) has positive refractive index anisotropy. The “polymer compound with positive or negative refractive index anisotropy” here refers to the polymer 16 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 that imparts an alignment film with positive or negative refractive index anisotropy. / 92121964 200405095 compounds. In the present invention, as described above, the polymer alignment film used in the first optically anisotropic element may be composed of a polymer blend or a copolymer. The polymer material constituting the polymer alignment film need only belong to a blended polymer or copolymer satisfying the above-mentioned conditions. The polymer material can be a thermoplastic polymer having excellent heat resistance, excellent optical properties, and solution-forming films. For example, one can be appropriately selected from polymers such as polyacrylate-based, polyester-based, polycarbonate-based, polyolefin-based, polyether-based, polysulfide-based, polystone-based, and polyetherstone-based polymers. 2 or more. Among them, if the water absorption of the alignment film is not less than 1% by weight, it will cause practical problems when used as a retardation film. Therefore, it is best for the film material to meet the water absorption of the film below 1% by weight (especially 0 · 5% by weight or less). This is an important part. If it is a blended polymer, from the viewpoint of requiring optical transparency, it is preferably a miscible blend or a refractive index of each polymer compound. The specific combination of the blended polymer may include, for example, polymethyl methacrylate of a polymer compound having negative optical anisotropy, polyvinylidene fluoride, and a polycyclic ring of a polymer compound having positive optical anisotropy. Ethylene oxide, or combination of vinylidene oxide-trifluoroethylene copolymers; polyphenylene ethers with polymer compounds with positive optical anisotropy, polystyrenes with polymer compounds with negative optical anisotropy, benzene Ethylene-lauric acid maleimide copolymer, styrene-cyclohexyl maleimide diimide copolymer, or styrene-phenyl maleimide diimide copolymer; with negative optical isotropy Anisotropic styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, and polycarbonate with positive optical anisotropy; or positive optical 17 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 anisotropic propylene The nitrile-butadiene copolymer and the acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer having negative optical anisotropy are not limited to these. In particular, in terms of transparency, a combination of polystyrene and polyphenylene ether such as poly (2,6-difluorenyl-1,4-phenylene ether) is preferred. In the case of such a combination, the proportion of the polystyrene is preferably 67% by weight or more and 75% by weight or less. Furthermore, the copolymer may be used, for example, butadiene-styrene copolymer, ethylene-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and polycarbonate copolymer. Polymers, polyester copolymers, polyester carbonate copolymers, polyacrylate copolymers, etc. In particular, in order to make a segment having a fluorene skeleton into negative optical anisotropy, it is preferable to use a polycarbonate copolymer, polyester copolymer, polyester carbonate copolymer, polyacrylate copolymer, or the like having a fluorene skeleton. Polycarbonate copolymers prepared by reacting bisphenols with carbonate-forming compounds such as phosgene (Ph osgene) or diphenyl carbonate, which are excellent in transparency, heat resistance, and productivity, and are particularly suitable for use . The polycarbonate copolymer preferably contains a copolymer having a fluorene skeleton structure. The alignment film material of the present invention is preferably formed by an alignment film of a polycarbonate composed of a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) and a repeating unit represented by the following formula (2), and the formula (1) The repeating unit shown represents 30 to 90 mole% of the entire polycarbonate, and the repeating unit represented by formula (2) is a material of 70 to 10 mole% of the overall polycarbonate.

312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 18 200405095

In the above formula (1), R! To R 8 refer to groups independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, respectively; X refers to the formula (3) base. In addition, in the above formula (2), R 9 to R! 6 refer to a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 22, respectively; and Y refers to the formula (4) The base selected from the bases shown.

——C-0—R20-〇——C——One Si ———— R23 ~ Ο Ο, R22 In the above formula (4), RI 7 ~ R 1 9, R 2 1 and R 2 2 refer to R 2 0 and R 2 3 are independently selected from a 氲 i atom, a halogen atom, and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms; R 2 0 and R 2 3 are each independently a carbonized rat having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The selected group among the groups; AI * is an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. 19 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 This material is a polycarbonate copolymer composed of a repeating unit with a fluorene skeleton shown in the above formula Π) and a repeating unit shown in the above formula (2) And a blend polymer of a polycarbonate composed of a repeating unit having a fluorene skeleton represented by the above formula 0) and a polycarbonate copolymer composed of a repeating unit represented by the above formula (2). In the case of a copolymer, two or more kinds of repeating units represented by the formulae (1) and (2) may be combined, and in the case of a composition, the two or more kinds of repeating units may be combined respectively. In the above formula (1), R! To R 8 are groups selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which are independent of each other. Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include alkyl groups such as fluorenyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and cyclohexyl, and aryl groups such as phenyl. Among them, a hydrogen atom methyl group is preferred. In the above formula (2), R 9 to R! 6 refer to a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, which are independent of each other. Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms include alkyl groups having 1 to 9 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and cyclohexyl; aryl groups such as phenyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl . Among these, a hydrogen atom and a methyl group are preferred. In the above formula (4), R 1 7 to R 1 9, R 2 1 and R 2 2 are selected from a hydrogen atom, an i atom, and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 2 2 carbon atoms, which are each independently selected. base. Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms include alkyl groups having 1 to 9 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and cyclohexyl; aryl groups such as phenyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl . Among these, a hydrogen atom and a methyl group are preferred. R20 and R23 refer to groups independently selected from hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A r is an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group and an f group. The content ratio of the above formula (1) (that is, the composition of the copolymer in the case of a copolymer, and the blending composition ratio in the case of a composition of 20 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095) 30 to 90 mole% of the whole carbonate. When it is out of this range, the absolute value of the phase difference is not shorter and shorter at the measurement wavelength of 400 to 700 nm. The content ratio of the formula (1) is preferably 35 to 85 mol% of the entire polycarbonate, and more preferably 40 to 80 mol%. Among them, the above-mentioned molar ratio-independent copolymers and blended polymers can be obtained by using, for example, a nuclear magnetic resonance (N M R) element in the entire polycarbonate as a whole to form an alignment film. The polycarbonate of this material is preferably a polycarbonate copolymer and / or a polycarbonate composition (doped with a repeating unit represented by the following formula (5) and a repeating unit represented by the following formula (6) Polymer).

(6) In the above formula (5), R 2 4 and R 2 5 refer to a group selected from a separate hydrogen atom or a methyl group; in the above formula (6), R 2 6 and R 2 7 Refers to a group selected from independently independent hydrogen atoms or fluorenyl groups; Z refers to a group selected from the groups represented by formula (7).

312 / Description of the Invention (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 21 200405095 Furthermore, among the copolymers composed of the repeating units represented by the following formulae (8) to (1 2), the ratio of the repeating unit (1 2) is the most It is preferably 40 to 75 mole%. In a copolymer composed of repeating units represented by the following formulae (9) and (1 2), the ratio of (1 2) is preferably 30 to 70 mole%. In a copolymer composed of repeating units represented by the following formulae (1 0) and (1 2), the ratio of (12) is preferably 30 to 70 mole%; in the following formulae (8) and (11), In the copolymer composed of repeating units, the ratio of (1 1) is preferably 40 to 75 mole%.

The best material is a copolymer or polymer blend containing bisphenol A [BPA, corresponding to the above formula (8)] and biscresol hydrazone [BCF, corresponding to the above formula (1 2)], or 22 312 / invention Instruction (Supplement) / Milk 10/92121964 200405095 The blending ratio of these ingredients is a BCF content rate of 55 to 75 mole%, preferably 55 to 70 mole%. These materials can get closer to the ideal λ / 4 plate or λ / 2 plate. The above-mentioned copolymer and / or blended polymer can be produced by a known method. As the polycarbonate, for example, a method of polycondensation polymerization of a dihydroxy compound and phosgene, a melt polycondensation method, or the like can be suitably used. In the case of blending, a miscible blend is preferred. Even if they are not completely miscible, if the refractive index between the components is blended, the phenomenon of light scattering between the components can be suppressed and the transparency can be improved. The limiting viscosity of the polymer compound of the polymer alignment film of the present invention is preferably 0.3 to 2.0 d 1 / g. If the viscosity is lower than this, it will become fragile and the mechanical strength will not be maintained. On the other hand, if the viscosity is higher than this, the solution viscosity will be excessively increased, which will cause die Π ne in the solution filming, etc. Problems, and the refining at the end of polymerization will also tend to be a difficult problem. The polymer alignment film of the present invention is preferably transparent, the haze value (h a z e v a 1 u e) is preferably 3% or less, and the total light transmittance is preferably 85% or more. In addition, the glass transition temperature of the polymer alignment film material is preferably 100 ° C or more, and more preferably 120 ° C or more. In addition, UV absorbers such as phenylsalicylic acid, 2-hydroxybenzophenone, terphenyl phosphate, or blue inks (b 1 u i n g a g e n t) for changing colors, antioxidants, etc. may be added. The polymer alignment film of the present invention is a film in which the above-mentioned thin films such as carbonates are aligned by stretching or the like. As a method for manufacturing the film, a known melt extrusion method, a solution casting method, or the like can be used, but from the viewpoint of uneven film thickness and appearance, the solution casting method is preferably used. The solvent in the solution casting method, 23 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 can be suitably used, such as: dichloromethane. In addition, although the stretching method can also be used to extend uniaxially in the longitudinal direction. It can contain phthalates such as phthalate and dibutyl phthalate, which are well-known plasticizers, and aliphatic dibasic esters. When stretched, the film can be left in the film and stretched. This solid content is 1 to 20 mass ° / 〇. In addition, the above-mentioned plasticizer or liquid crystal retardation wavelength dispersion changes, and is less than 10% by mass, especially in the film thickness of 3 polymer alignment films, which is not 40 μm. The specific chemical structure is determined by the necessary chemical structure, but the state and the like vary. The polymer alignment film is particularly superior to the one-fourth formula (Π) because of its low storability. 0.2 ^ Re (λ) /λ^0.3 The second optically positive uniaxial liquid crystal polymer dioxolane and the like used in the present invention. The well-known stretching method is used, but for the purpose of the best stretchability in the film, dimethyl acetate, phthalic acid diacetate, glycerin derivatives such as tributyl phosphate, and glycols Derivatives, etc. The amount of the organic solvent and residual organic solvent used in film formation is preferably an additive such as a polymer, which allows the polymer alignment film to be added, and the added amount is preferably a polymer solid content of less than mass%. Special limitation, it is best to be 1 μπι until the retardation becomes shorter and shorter. The phase retardation and wavelength dispersion are required. Most of the systems should also pay attention to having an alignment film depending on the extension conditions and the composition. The wavelength depends on the wavelength plate. (Λ / 4 plate), so the following (Π) anisotropic element is composed of a display optical substance (specifically, the display optical property is positive 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92 · 10/92121% 4 24 200405095 It is composed of a uniaxial liquid crystal polymer compound or an optically positive uniaxial liquid crystal polymer composition containing at least one kind of the liquid crystal polymer compound, and contains at least the liquid crystal polymer compound or The liquid crystal polymer composition has a nematic hybrid alignment structure with an average inclination angle of 5 ° to 35 ° formed in a liquid crystal state, and the liquid crystal film (A) to be immobilized has slightly 4 points in the visible light region. Element with a phase difference of 1 wavelength. The so-called "nematic hybrid alignment" herein means that the liquid crystal molecules are nematically aligned. At this time, the angle between the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the plane of the film is different from that of the film. Therefore, it can be said that the angle between the pointing direction and the plane of the film is different near the upper interface and near the lower interface, so the angle will continuously change between the upper and lower sides of the film. In addition, the film in which the nematic mixed alignment state is fixed is such that the liquid crystal molecules are directed in different directions in all directions in the film thickness direction. Therefore, when the film is viewed from the structure of the film, the optical axis does not exist. Furthermore, the "average tilt angle" in the present invention refers to the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules point in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal film. The average value of the angle formed with the film plane. The liquid crystal film provided by the present invention is an absolute value of the angle formed between the pointing direction and the plane of the film near one of the interfaces of the film, usually an angle of 20 ° ~ 90 °, preferably an angle of 30 ° ~ 70 ° At the back of the face, the absolute value is usually 0 ° ~ 20 °, preferably 0 ° ~ 10 °, and the absolute value of the average tilt angle is usually 5. ~ 4 5. It is preferably 7 ° ~ 40 °, especially 10 ° ~ 38 °, and more preferably 15 ° ~ 35 °. 25 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 0; 1 0 200405095 When the average tilt angle deviates from the above range, adverse phenomena such as reduced contrast may occur, so it is best not to. The average tilt angle can be obtained by a crystal rotation method. The liquid crystal film (A) constituting the second optically anisotropic element used in the present invention is only formed substantially from a liquid crystal polymer substance exhibiting optical positive uniaxiality, and the liquid crystal polymer substance is In the liquid crystal state, the formed nematic mixed alignment state may be fixed, and the manufacturing method is not particularly limited. For example, a low-molecular liquid crystal can be formed into a nematic hybrid alignment in a liquid crystal state, and then the obtained liquid crystal film can be fixed by photocrosslinking or thermal crosslinking * or a nematic liquid crystal can be formed in a liquid crystal state. After the alignment is mixed, the liquid crystal film obtained by fixing the alignment is cooled again. The "liquid crystal film" in the present invention refers to a film obtained by thinning a liquid crystal material such as a low-molecular liquid crystal and a high-molecular liquid crystal, regardless of whether the film itself is liquid crystalline. In addition, the liquid crystal film (A) has a better viewing angle improvement effect on the transflective liquid crystal display element. Although the thickness of the film depends on the form of the target liquid crystal display element or various optical parameters, it cannot be generalized. However, it is usually in a range of 0.2 μm to 10 μm, preferably in a range of 0.3 μm to 5 μm, and more preferably in a range of 0.5 μm to 2 μm. When the film thickness is less than 0.2 μm, it may not be able to obtain a sufficient compensation effect. Conversely, if the film thickness exceeds 10 μm, the display may cause unnecessary color adhesion. Next, using FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the optical anisotropic element composed of the liquid crystal film (A) is placed above and below, and the inclined side of the optical anisotropic element 26 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / The 92121964 200405095 direction and the pre-tilt direction of the liquid crystal cell layer are defined as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when an optical anisotropic element composed of a liquid crystal film (A) is used above and below the vicinity of a film interface of the liquid crystal film (A) constituting the optical anisotropic element, If the angle between the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the plane of the film is defined separately, set the angle formed by the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the plane of the film to be an acute angle end and form an angle of 20 to 90 degrees as the b-plane. The surface at an acute angle end and forming an angle of 0 to 20 degrees is set as the c-plane. When the c-plane is seen from the b-plane of the optically anisotropic element through the liquid crystal film layer, the angle formed between the liquid crystal molecules pointing direction and the projection component of the c-plane toward the pointing direction becomes an acute angle direction. And the direction parallel to the projection component is defined as the oblique direction of the optically anisotropic element. Secondly, in FIG. 3, usually in the unit interface of the liquid crystal cell layer, the driving low-molecular liquid crystal does not have a parallel state to the unit interface but an inclined state with a certain angle. This angle is generally referred to as a pre-tilt angle; The direction formed by the liquid crystal molecules of the cell interface and the angle formed by the projection component on the interface of the pointing direction is an acute angle direction, and the direction of the projection component parallel to the pointing direction is defined as the pre-tilt direction of the liquid crystal cell layer. In addition, the second optical anisotropic element may be a liquid crystal film (B) that is fixed in combination with other polymer stretched films or nematically aligned. The polymer stretched film is a substance that exhibits uniaxiality or biaxiality. For example, polycarbonate carbonate (PC), polymethyl acrylate (PMA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can be used. , ART ON (trade name) film made by Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. and other stretch films. In this case, a combination of a single liquid crystal film 27 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 and a polymer stretched film is most practically practical if the cost increase is a concern. The liquid crystal film (B) is only required to be in a state where the nematic alignment state is fixed, and may be formed of any type of liquid crystal. For example, after the low-molecular liquid crystal is formed into a nematic alignment in a liquid crystal state, the obtained liquid crystal film may be fixed by photo-crosslinking or thermal cross-linking, or after the polymer liquid crystal is formed into a nematic alignment in a liquid crystal state. And the liquid crystal film obtained by fixing the alignment after cooling. In addition, the so-called "liquid crystal film (B)" in the present invention is the same as the liquid crystal film (A), which refers to a person obtained by thinning liquid crystal materials such as low-molecular liquid crystal and high-molecular liquid crystal, regardless of whether the film itself is liquid crystalline. . Furthermore, the liquid crystal film contained in the second optical anisotropic element may be used as a liquid crystal film alone, or a transparent plastic film that is designed to support a substrate may be used. When the liquid crystal film is used alone, after the liquid crystal film is laminated on the transparent plastic film such as polyester or triethyl cellulose used in the production of the polarizing plate, it is integrated with the polarizing plate. Can be made. The retardation value (product of the birefringence Δη and the film thickness d) of the second optically anisotropic element of the present invention will be described. The in-plane apparent retardation value when viewed from the normal direction of the liquid crystal film (A). In a film with nematic hybrid alignment, the refractive index parallel to the direction of orientation (hereinafter referred to as "ne") and the refractive index in the vertical direction. (Hereinafter referred to as "η 〇") is different. When the subtraction value from dividing ne by η 〇 is set as the apparent complex refractive index, the apparent retardation value is the apparent complex refractive index and absolute Product of film thickness. This apparent retardation value can be easily obtained by using polarized optical measurement such as an ellipsometry (e 1 1 i p s 0 m e t r y). 28 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 The above-mentioned second optical anisotropic element, zone

When only the nematic liquid crystal film is classified into a mixed liquid crystal film (A) and a liquid crystal film (A) formed by the liquid crystal film (A) which has been fixed to the nematic direction At this time, the apparent retardation value of the liquid crystal film (A) is usually set to 70 nm to I80 nm (preferably 90 nm to 160 nm, especially 1 2 0 n to 1 5 0) relative to 550 nm monochromatic light. nm is preferred), and superior circular polarization characteristics can be obtained. When the apparent retardation value is lower than 7 nm or larger than 8 nm, the phenomenon that color does not need to adhere to the liquid crystal display element may occur. When a liquid crystal film (A) is combined with a polymer stretched film or a liquid crystal film (B), as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 丨 〇—〇6 8 8 丨 6, monochromatic light at 50 nm The retardation of the birefringent light is approximately 1/4 wavelength plate with a wavelength of ¼ / 4 'and the retardation of the birefringent light with monochromatic light at 550 nm is approximately 1/2 wavelength with a retardation of 1/2 wavelength plate. When the lamination is performed with the retarded axes intersecting, good circular polarization characteristics can be obtained. The retardation value of the 1/4 wavelength plate is usually in the range of 70nm to 180nm, preferably 90nm to 160nm, and more preferably 120nm to 150nm. The retardation value of a 1/2 wavelength plate is usually in a range of 180 nm to 320 nm, preferably 200 nm to 300 nm, and particularly preferably in a range of 2 2 0 η 2 to 2 8 0 m. If the retardation range of the 1/4 wave plate and the 1/2 wave plate deviates from the above range, the liquid crystal display element may adhere to an unwanted color. The angle formed by the retardation axis of the 1/4 wave plate and the retardation axis of the 1/2 wave plate is usually 40 ° ~ 90 ° at the acute angle end, preferably 50 ° ~ 80 29 312 / Invention Specification (Supplementary Document) ) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 degrees, especially those in the range of 55 to 75 degrees. The liquid crystal film (A) having the nematic hybrid alignment immobilized can be used for a 1/4 wave plate or a 1/2 wave plate. When the liquid crystal film (A) is used in the case of a 1/4 wave plate, it is only necessary to use a polymer stretch film or a liquid crystal film (B) in the 1/2 wave plate, and when the liquid crystal film (A) is used in In the case of a 1/2 wavelength plate, it is only necessary to use a polymer stretch film or a liquid crystal film (B) for the 1/4 wavelength plate. A case where the second optically anisotropic element uses only one liquid crystal film (A) for a transflective liquid crystal display element will be described. The liquid crystal film (A) is preferably disposed between the second substrate of the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate. Here, the arrangement conditions of the liquid crystal film (A) will be described with reference to Fig. 6. In the liquid crystal cell 15 of Fig. 6, a straight line overlapping the pre-tilt direction of the upper substrate and a straight line overlapping the pre-tilt direction of the lower substrate are assumed. The two straight lines are projected on the same plane. At this time, of the four angles formed by the intersection of the straight lines as the center, the two angles at the acute angle ends are respectively drawn to form a straight line with a left-right symmetrical angle. This straight line is defined as a bisector in the present invention. In addition, when a line overlapping the pre-tilt direction of the upper substrate and a line overlapping the pre-tilt direction of the lower substrate overlap each other (that is, the straight lines are in a parallel state), this overlapping straight line will become the so-called in the present invention. Second line. The angle formed between the bisector and the linear component based on the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film (A) is usually preferably arranged at an absolute value of 0 degrees to 30 degrees (preferably 0 degrees to 20 degrees, 0 degrees to 10 degrees is preferred, and slightly 0 degrees is preferred). When the angle between the two is greater than 30 degrees, it may be impossible to obtain a sufficient viewing angle compensation effect of 30 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095. Next, a case where the second optically anisotropic element is a combination of (A) with one polymer stretched film or one liquid crystal film, and a transflective liquid crystal display element will be described. The liquid crystal film (A) is preferably arranged in the same manner as described above. In other words, it is preferable that the oblique direction of the liquid crystal film molecule is in the direction of the above-mentioned bisector. The angle between the roughly oblique direction and the pre-tilt direction is preferably in the range of 0 degrees, especially 0 degrees to 20 degrees, and more preferably 0 In the transflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the light source, light control film, light guide plate, and cymbal are not particularly known. In addition to the transflective liquid crystal display element of the present invention, other constituent elements may be attached. For example, by providing the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, a color liquid crystal display element with high multi-color or full-color display can be produced. (Industrial Applicability) The transflective liquid crystal display element of the present invention is characterized in that the transmissive display is bright and has high contrast, and can be designed in a thin state with less flexibility. (Preferred Embodiment) Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be used to explain the invention in more detail. The invention is not limited to these. In addition, under the premise that there is no particular limitation in this embodiment, 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964, which is set to a wavelength of 5 50 nm, is a single liquid crystal film and is used in a semi-transparent case. The liquid crystallinity in the medium is in a consistent state. To 30 degree range, the degree range is better. The limitation of the light diffusing layer and the back enables the above-mentioned component color filter to have a field-of-view dependence in the implementation of color purity over mode. However, the present retardation Δ nd is at a value of 0 31 200405095 (Example 1). The outline of the transflective liquid crystal display element of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The structure of the related embodiment 1 is described with reference to FIG. 5. On the second substrate 8, a reflective electrode 6 made of a material having a relatively low reflectance such as A 1 and a transparent electrode 7 made of a material having a high transmittance such as I T 0 are designed. A counter electrode 4 is provided on the first substrate 3. A liquid crystal layer 5 made of a liquid crystal material showing a positive dielectric anisotropy is interposed between the reflective electrode 6 and the transparent electrode 7, and the counter electrode 4. A first optically anisotropic element 2 and a polarizing plate 1 are provided on the back surface on the side of the counter electrode 4 on which the first substrate 3 is formed, and on the back side of the surface on which the reflective electrode 6 and the transparent electrode 7 of the second substrate 8 are formed, A second optical anisotropic element 9 and a polarizing plate 10 are designed. A backlight 11 is provided on the back of the polarizing plate 10. A nematic hybrid alignment with an average inclination angle of 28 degrees in the film thickness direction was produced, and the fixed film thickness was 0.77 μm liquid crystal film 1 3, and the following TN-type transflective reflection type was produced using the arrangement shown in FIG. 5. Liquid crystal display element. The 15-series liquid crystal material used is ZLI-1 6 9 5 (Merck). The thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 3.5 μm in the reflective electrode region 6 (reflective display), and in the transparent electrode region 7 (transmissive display). ) Is 4.0 μm. The pre-tilt angle of the double interface of the substrate of the liquid crystal layer is 2 degrees, the twist angle of the liquid crystal cell is 70 degrees left-handed, and the Δ nd of the liquid crystal cell is approximately 230 nm in the reflective display portion and approximately 2 6 2 in the transmission display portion. nm. A polarizing plate 1 (thickness of about 180 μm; SQW- 8 6 2 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is disposed on the observer end (above the figure) of the liquid crystal cell 15, and is disposed between the polarizing plate 1 and the liquid crystal cell 15. With the first optical anisotropic element 2, the 32 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 The first optical anisotropic element 2 satisfies the requirements (I) and (Π) of the present invention. Teijin (Strand) uniaxially stretched polymer stretch film (product name: Bias) 2. The Δ n d of the polymer stretched film 2 is approximately 12 0 n m. In addition, the second optical anisotropic element 9 is arranged behind the liquid crystal cell 15 as viewed from an observer, and a liquid crystal film 13 and a polymer stretched film 14 composed of a uniaxially stretched polycarbonate film are arranged. Further, a polarizing plate 10 is arranged on the back. The Δnd of the liquid crystal film 13 fixed with the mixed nematic bias structure is 135 nm, and the Δη of the polymer stretched film 14 (1 is 275 nm. The absorption axes of the polarizing plates 1 and 10, the first optical anisotropic material 2 and The retarded phase axis of the polymer stretched film 14, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell 15 interface, and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film 13 are arranged according to the conditions shown in Fig. 6. The light source points shown in Fig. 7 are at the backlight point. When it is on (transmission mode), the transmittance ratio of white display 0 V and black display 6 V (white display) / (black display) is set as the contrast, and the comparison chart is comprehensive. Figure 8 shows the backlight source point. When it is on (transmission mode), the viewing angle characteristics of the transmittance in the left-right direction from 0 V to black to 6 V in black are displayed in 6 color steps. Figure 9 shows the backlight when it is lit (transmission mode). From 0 V to black to 6 V to black, the transmittance viewing angle characteristics in the up and down direction when displaying in 6 color levels. Figures 7 to 9 show that it has excellent viewing angle characteristics especially in the transmission mode. (Implementation Example 2) A nematic hybrid deflection with an average inclination angle of 28 degrees in the film thickness direction was produced, after 33 312 / Invention Manual (Supplements) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 The fixed thickness of 0.60 μm liquid crystal film 1 3, and the configuration shown in FIG. 5 was used to produce the following ECB-type transflective liquid crystal display element. The 16-series liquid crystal material used is ZLI-1 6 9 5 (Merck). The thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 2.1 μm in the reflective electrode region 6 (reflective display portion), and in the transparent electrode region 7 ( (Transmitting display portion) is 4.9 μm. The pretilt angle of the double interface of the substrate of the liquid crystal layer is 2 degrees, and the Δ nd of the liquid crystal cell is approximately 1 3 8 nm in the reflective display portion and approximately 3 2 1 in the transmissive display portion. A homogeneous alignment of n in. A polarizing plate 1 (thickness of about 180 μm; SQW- 8 6 2 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is arranged at the observer end (above the figure) of the liquid crystal cell 16, and the polarizing plate 1 and the liquid crystal cell are arranged. Between 16 and 16, a first optically anisotropic element 2 is arranged, and the first optically anisotropic element 2 is a uniaxially-stretched polymer made by Teijin (stock) which satisfies the requirements of the present invention in formula (I) and formula (Π). Stretch film (product name: Bias) 2. And of polymer stretch film 2 is about 115n m. In addition, the second optical anisotropic element 9 is a liquid crystal film 13 having a mixed mixed nematic bias structure fixed and having Δnd of 105 nm and Δη of the polymer stretched film 14 (1 is 270nm. The absorption axes of the polarizing plates 1 and 10, the retardation axis of the first optical anisotropic material 2 and the polymer stretched film 14, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell 16 interface, and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film 13 It is configured according to the conditions shown in Figure 10. Figure 11 shows the transmittance ratio of white display 0 V and black display 6 V (white display) / (black display) as contrast when the backlight is on (transmission mode), and a comprehensive comparison chart . 34 312 / Invention Manual (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 Figure 1 2 shows when the backlight is on (transmission mode), 6 V is displayed from ί to black, and the left and right directions are displayed in 6 color steps. Lower penetration angle characteristics. Figure 13 shows the transmission characteristics when the backlight is on (transmission mode), displaying 6 V from white I and black, and up and down when displaying in 6 color levels. It can be seen from Figures 1 to 13 that the E C B type is also like the TN type, and has particularly excellent viewing angle characteristics in transmission. (Comparative Example 1) As shown in the layout diagram of FIG. 14, except that instead of the liquid crystal film 13, 17 (Δ nd is approximately 130 nm) is used, and Δ nd of the polycarbonate 14 is set to 3 in the liquid crystal cell 1 5 The polarizing plates 10 on the back side, the absorption axis of 10, and the retardation phase of the stretched film 14 and 17 are in accordance with the conditions shown in FIG. 15 and the rest are manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. The liquid crystal display element is shown in FIG. 16 When the backlight is on (transmission mode), the transmittance ratio (white display) / (black display) of 6 V for white and black display is set as a comprehensive comparison chart. Figure 17 shows the transmission angle characteristics in the left-right direction when the backlight is on (transmission mode), and 6 V is displayed from έ to black. Figure 18 shows the transmission characteristics when the backlight is on (transmission mode), displaying 6 V from rud to black, and up and down in 6-level display. For viewing angle characteristics, perform Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964? Display 0V over-rate field of view I shows 0V to rate field-of-view angle mode Polycarbonate 7 2 6 0 nm »Polymer extended configuration 0 shows 0 V, contrast, while f shows 0 V over-rate field of view f shows 0 V-rate field of view comparison. 35 200405095 If the iso-contrast curves in all directions are shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 16, it is known that a wide viewing angle characteristic is obtained by using the liquid crystal film 1 3 with a mixed nematic structure. In addition, regarding the left, right, up, and down characteristics of the shortcomings of the transmission mode, comparing Figs. 8 and 9 with Figs. 17 and 18 shows that the liquid crystal film with a mixed nematic structure can greatly improve the inversion characteristics ( Comparative Example 2) As shown in the layout diagram of FIG. 14, except that instead of the liquid crystal film 13, 17 (Δ nd is approximately 110 nm) is used, and Δ nd of the polycarbonate 14 is placed on the back of the liquid crystal cell 16 The polarizing plates 10 on the side, the absorption axis of the polarizing film, and the retardation phase axes of the stretched films 14 and 17 are in accordance with the conditions shown in FIG. 19, and the rest are manufactured as in Example 2. The liquid crystal display element is shown in FIG. When the backlight is turned on (transmission mode), the transmittance ratio (white display) / (black display) of 6 V for white and black display is set as a comprehensive comparison chart. Figure 21 shows the transmission angle characteristics when the backlight is on (transmission mode), displaying 6 V from έ to black, and displaying in the left and right directions according to the 6 color steps. Figure 2 shows the transmission characteristics when the backlight is on (transmission mode), displaying 6 V from έ to black, and up and down in 6-level display. With respect to the viewing angle characteristics, Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are compared in all directions. If we proceed according to FIG. 11 and FIG. 20, it is learned that by using a liquid crystal film 1 3 312 with a mixed nematic structure / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 f * Comparison, you can get the characteristic of the color gradation. Polycarbonate〉 270 nm, polymer extended configuration 〇 shows 0 V, contrast, and 丨 shows 0 V over-rate field of view 丨 shows 0 V-rate field of view angle comparison. By comparison, you can get a wide viewing angle characteristic of 36 200405095. In addition, regarding the gradation characteristics of the left and right and up and down directions that constitute the shortcomings of the transmission mode, comparing Figs. 12 and 13 with Figs. 2 and 2 2 shows that by using a liquid crystal film with a mixed nematic structure, Significantly improves reverse characteristics. In this embodiment, although the experiment is performed in the form of a colorless filter, if a color filter is provided in the liquid crystal cell, it is of course possible to perform good multi-color or full-color display. [Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the tilt angle and twist angle of liquid crystal molecules. Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an alignment structure of a liquid crystal film constituting a first optically anisotropic element. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a pre-tilt direction of a liquid crystal cell. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective liquid crystal display element of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective liquid crystal display element of Examples 1 and 2. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the angular relationship between the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell, the retardation axis of the polymer stretched film, and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film in Example 1. Fig. 7 is a contrast diagram when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Example 1 is viewed from all directions. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the viewing angle characteristics of the transmittance of left and right directions when the semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display element of Example 1 is displayed in 7 color steps from 0V to 6V.

FIG. 9 shows the vertical and horizontal azimuth transmittance viewing angle characteristics when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Example 1 is displayed in 7 color steps from 0V 37 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 to 6V Illustration. Fig. 10 is a plan view showing the angular relationship between the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell, the retardation phase axis of the polymer stretched film, and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film in Example 2. Fig. 11 is a contrast diagram when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Example 2 is viewed from all directions. FIG. 12 is a graph showing the viewing angle characteristics of the transmittance of left and right directions when the semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display element of Example 2 is displayed from 0 V to 6 V in 7 color steps. FIG. 13 is a view showing the viewing angle characteristics of the transmissive and transmissive liquid crystal display element of Example 2 in the vertical direction when the display is from 0V to 6V in 7 color steps. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective liquid crystal display element of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Fig. 15 is a plan view showing the angular relationship between the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell, and the retardation axis of the polymer stretched film in Comparative Example 1. FIG. 16 is a contrast diagram when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 1 is viewed from all directions. FIG. 17 is a graph showing the viewing angle characteristics of the transmittance of left and right azimuths when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 1 is displayed in 7 color steps from 0V to 6V. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the viewing angle characteristics of the transmissive and transmissive liquid crystal display elements of Comparative Example 1 in the vertical direction when displaying from 7V to 6V in 7 color steps. Fig. 19 is a plan view showing the angular relationship between the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell, and the retardation axis of the polymer stretched film in Comparative Example 2. 38 312 / Description of the Invention (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121% 4 200405095 Figure 20 shows the pair 1 when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 2 is viewed from an all-round view. 21 is a graph showing the viewing angle characteristics of the transmittance of left and right azimuth when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 2 is displayed from 0 V to 6 V in 7 color steps. Fig. 22 is a view showing the characteristics of the field angle of the transmittance in the upper and lower positions when the transflective liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 2 is displayed from 0 V to 6 V in 7 color steps. (Description of element symbols) 1, 10 polarizing plate 2 First optically anisotropic element 2, 14, 17 Polymer stretched film 3 First substrate 4 Opposite electrode 5 Liquid crystal layer 6 Reflective electrode 6 Reflective electrode area 7 Transparent electrode 7 Transparent Electrode area 8 Second substrate 9 Second optical anisotropic element 11 Backlight source 12, 1 5, 1 6 Liquid crystal cell 13 Liquid crystal film 39 312 / Invention specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964

Claims (1)

200405095 The scope of patent application: 1. A transflective liquid crystal display element, comprising: a first substrate with a transparent electrode; and a first transmissive reflective electrode formed with a reflective function region and a transmissive function region. 2 substrates; a nematic liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first optical anisotropic element and a polarizing plate provided on a back surface of a surface adjacent to the liquid crystal layer of the first substrate; And a second optical anisotropic element and a polarizing plate provided on the back surface adjacent to the surface of the liquid crystal layer of the second substrate; the first optical anisotropic element is characterized by a polymer alignment film; When a retardation film is constituted, and when retardation values at wavelengths (λ) of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm are set to Re (450), Re (550), and Re (650), respectively, the following formula (I ) And (Π) composed of retardation film, Re (4 5 0) < Re (5 5 0) < Re (6 5 0) (I) 0.2 ^ Re (A) /A^0.3 (n) The second optically anisotropic element is substantially formed by at least one liquid crystalline polymer substance exhibiting optical positive uniaxiality. The liquid crystal high-molecular substance contains a liquid crystal film (A) in which a nematic mixed alignment formed in a liquid crystal state is fixed. 2. The transflective liquid crystal display element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second optically anisotropic element is composed of the following: substantially at least one sheet exhibits high optical liquid crystal with uniaxial uniaxiality The liquid crystal polymer material is formed of a molecular substance, and the liquid crystal polymer material contains a liquid crystal film (A) in which a nematic mixed alignment formed in a liquid crystal state is immobilized; and at least one polymer stretched film. 40 312 / Inventory Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 200405095 3. If the material is formed, the nematic film shows that the liquid crystal is given 4 · If the liquid crystal is in the nematic state 5 · If the crystal is not In the state, 6 is given. • If the thickness of the layer is above 7. If it is, it is B irefr 8 • If the transflective reflective liquid crystal display of item 1 of the patent application is applied, the second optical anisotropic element is composed of At least one of the following liquid crystal polymers exhibiting optical uniaxiality and the liquid crystal polymer substance contains a liquid crystal film (A) which is fixed by mixing and alignment in a liquid crystal state; and The substantially crystalline polymer substance contained in the liquid crystal polymer substance contains a liquid crystal film (B) to be formed and immobilized in a liquid crystal state. The semi-transmissive non-element of any of the items 1 to 3 of the scope of the application for patents, wherein the above-mentioned liquid crystal film (A) is a liquid crystal material that is nematically mixed under the liquid crystal material, and then cooled and deflected from this state to fix the glass liquid crystal. film. The semi-transmissive transflective element 5 according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the above-mentioned liquid crystal film (A) is a liquid crystal film in which the liquid crystal material is nematically mixed and aligned, and the nematic is fixed by a cross-linking reaction. In the semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display of item 1 of the patent application scope, the above-mentioned region with reflection function is different from the region with transmission function, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer with the reflection function region is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer with the transmission function region. The semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display of the first scope of the patent application adopts an electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) method. Semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal display 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964 in the scope of application for patent No. 1 Composition: At least 10% of the material is formed, and the nematic reflection material is in liquid,射 The liquid crystal in which the jet liquid is mixed with the polarizing element of the liquid crystal is thinner than the non-element 41 200405095 (HAN) element, which adopts the twisted nematic (TN) method. 9 For example, when applying for a patent The semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal device of the first item in the range adopts a hybrid alignment nematic (Hybrid A 1 igned N emati I method. 42 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-10 / 92121964