JP2005189633A - Transmission type liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transmission type liquid crystal display element which is high in contrast and is little in dependence on a visual field angle. <P>SOLUTION: The transmission type liquid crystal display element comprises, successively from a back light side, at least a polarizing plate (A), a uniaxial phase difference film (A), a liquid crystal film (A) obtained by immobilizing nematic hybrid orientation, a twisted nematic liquid crystal cell (B), a liquid crystal film (B) obtained by immobilizing nematic hybrid orientation, a uniaxial phase difference film (B), and a polarizing plate (B). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmissive liquid crystal display element.

A liquid crystal display element is normally comprised from a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing element, and an optical compensation sheet (retardation plate). In the transmissive liquid crystal display element, two polarizing elements are attached to both sides of the liquid crystal cell, and one or a plurality of optical compensation sheets are disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing element.
The liquid crystal cell is composed of a rod-like liquid crystal molecule, two substrates for enclosing it, and an electrode layer for applying a voltage to the rod-like liquid crystal molecule. The liquid crystal cell is different in the alignment state of rod-like liquid crystal molecules. As for the transmission type, TN (Twisted Nematic), IPS (In-Plane Switching), FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal), OCB (Optically Compensatory Bend), STN (STN) Various display modes such as TN, HAN (Hybrid Aligned Nematic), and GH (Guest-Host) have been proposed for Supper Twisted Nematic (VA), VA (Vertically Aligned), and reflection type.

Optical compensation sheets are used in various liquid crystal display elements in order to eliminate image coloring and expand the viewing angle. As the optical compensation sheet, a stretched birefringent film has been conventionally used. Moreover, various compensation sheets made of a liquid crystal film in which liquid crystal alignment is fixed have been developed and put into practical use as an optical compensation sheet with improved display performance over stretched birefringent films (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-333134 JP-A-11-119211 JP-A-11-194325 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-194371 JP-A-11-271760

By providing various optical compensation sheets, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element with improved viewing angle dependency. However, in recent years, further improvement in display characteristics is desired, and more optimal combinations and arrangements of several optical films are desired. Development of conditions etc. was required.
The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a transmissive liquid crystal display element having high contrast and less viewing angle dependency.

That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, in order from the backlight side, the polarizing plate (A), the uniaxial retardation film (A), the liquid crystal film (A) obtained by fixing the nematic hybrid alignment, the twisted nematic liquid crystal cell, the nematic The present invention relates to a transmissive liquid crystal display element comprising at least a liquid crystal film (B) obtained by fixing hybrid alignment, a uniaxial retardation film (B), and a polarizing plate (B).
The second aspect of the present invention relates to a transmissive liquid crystal display element in which the uniaxial retardation film is a polymer stretched film.
A third aspect of the present invention is the above-described transmissive liquid crystal display, wherein the uniaxial retardation film is a liquid crystal film formed by fixing a nematic alignment formed in a liquid crystal state by a liquid crystal material exhibiting optically positive uniaxiality. It relates to an element.

  The fourth aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal film in which the liquid crystal film is made of a liquid crystal material exhibiting optically positive uniaxial property, and the nematic hybrid alignment formed in the liquid crystal state by the liquid crystal material is fixed. The present invention relates to the above-described transmission type liquid crystal display element, which is a liquid crystal film having an average tilt angle of 5 to 35 degrees in alignment.

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, an angle formed by a tilt direction obtained by projecting a hybrid direction of the liquid crystal film (A) onto a substrate plane and a slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (A) is 85 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. In addition, the present invention relates to the transmissive liquid crystal display element described above, wherein an angle formed between the absorption axis of the polarizing plate (A) and the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (A) is 85 ° to 95 °.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, an angle formed by the direction in which the hybrid direction of the liquid crystal film (B) is projected onto the substrate plane and the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (B) is 85 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, and The present invention relates to the above-described transmission type liquid crystal display device, wherein an angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizing plate (B) and the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (B) is 85 ° or more and 95 ° or less.
A seventh aspect of the present invention relates to the above-described transmission type liquid crystal display element, wherein the twist angle of the liquid crystal cell is 80 to 100 degrees and Δnd is 250 nm to 500 nm.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The polarizing plate (polarizing plate (A) and polarizing plate (B)) constituting the transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved, and the conventional liquid crystal display element What is used for can be used suitably. In particular, in recent years, it is preferable to use a thin polarizing plate that has been developed and marketed in response to the demand for thinning.

  Specifically, as a polarizing plate, a hydrophilic polymer film made of PVA such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or partially acetalized PVA, a partially saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, or the like is used. A polarizing film formed by adsorbing and stretching a dichroic dye and a polyene oriented film such as a dehydrated PVA product or a dehydrochlorinated polyvinyl chloride product can be used. A reflective polarizing film can also be used.

  The polarizing plate may be used alone, or may be provided with a transparent protective layer or the like on one side or both sides of the polarizing film for the purpose of improving strength, moisture resistance, heat resistance and the like. Examples of the transparent protective layer include those obtained by laminating a transparent plastic film such as polyester or triacetyl cellulose directly or through an adhesive layer, a transparent resin coating layer, an acrylic or epoxy photocurable resin layer, and the like. . When these transparent protective layers are coated on both sides of the polarizing film, the same protective layer may be provided on both sides, or different protective layers may be provided. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 60 μm or less, and particularly preferably 45 μm or less from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness and weight. Moreover, it is also possible to use the uniaxial retardation film mentioned later as a transparent protective layer.

The liquid crystal film (the liquid crystal film (A) and the liquid crystal film (B)) constituting the transmission type liquid crystal display element of the present invention uses a liquid crystal material that exhibits optically positive uniaxiality, and the liquid crystal material is nematic hybrid aligned. A film in which the orientation is fixed.
As the liquid crystal substance exhibiting optically positive uniaxiality, specifically, a low-molecular liquid crystal substance exhibiting optically positive uniaxiality, a polymer liquid crystal substance exhibiting optically positive uniaxiality, or at least one kind Polymer liquid crystal materials such as a polymer liquid crystal composition having optically positive uniaxial properties containing the above polymer liquid crystal material.

The nematic hybrid alignment referred to in the present invention refers to an alignment form in which liquid crystal molecules are nematically aligned, and the angle formed by the director of the liquid crystal molecules and the film plane at this time is different between the upper surface and the lower surface of the film. Therefore, since the angle formed by the director and the film plane is different between the vicinity of the upper surface interface and the vicinity of the lower surface interface, it can be said that the angle continuously changes between the upper surface and the lower surface of the film. .
In the film in which the nematic hybrid alignment state is fixed, the directors of the liquid crystal molecules are oriented at different angles at all positions in the film thickness direction. Therefore, the film no longer has an optical axis when viewed as a film structure.

  In the liquid crystal film used in the present invention, in the vicinity of one interface of the film, the angle formed by the director and the film plane is usually 30 to 90 degrees as an absolute value, preferably 40 to 90 degrees, In the vicinity of the interface of the surface opposite to the surface, it is desirable that the absolute value is usually an angle of 0 to 30 degrees, preferably 0 to 20 degrees. The average tilt angle is usually 5 to 35 degrees as an absolute value, preferably 7 to 33 degrees, more preferably 10 to 30 degrees, and most preferably 13 to 28 degrees. When the average tilt angle is out of the above range, there is a risk of a decrease in contrast when the transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention is viewed from an oblique direction. The average tilt angle as used in the present invention means the average value of the angle formed between the director of the liquid crystal molecules and the film plane in the film thickness direction of the liquid crystal film. The average tilt angle can be obtained by applying a crystal rotation method.

  The liquid crystal film used in the present invention may be formed of any liquid crystal as long as the above nematic hybrid alignment state is fixed. For example, a liquid crystal film obtained by forming a nematic hybrid alignment in a liquid crystal state with a low molecular liquid crystal material exhibiting optically positive uniaxiality and then fixing by photocrosslinking or thermal crosslinking, or a polymer liquid crystal material in a liquid crystal state After forming into nematic hybrid alignment, a liquid crystal film obtained by cooling the alignment to glass by cooling can be used. The liquid crystal film as used in the present invention does not ask whether the film itself exhibits liquid crystallinity, but means a film obtained by forming a liquid crystal material such as a low-molecular liquid crystal material or a polymer liquid crystal material into a film. To do.

  In addition, as the apparent retardation value in the plane when viewed from the normal direction of the liquid crystal film, in a film with nematic hybrid orientation, the refractive index in the direction parallel to the director (hereinafter referred to as ne) is perpendicular to the director. When the refractive index (hereinafter referred to as “no”) is different and the value obtained by subtracting “no” from “ne” is the apparent birefringence, the apparent retardation value is the difference between the apparent birefringence and the absolute film thickness. Is given as a product. This apparent retardation value can be easily obtained by polarization optical measurement such as ellipsometry. The apparent retardation value is preferably 50 nm to 200 nm, more preferably 70 nm to 150 nm. Outside this range, when the transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention is viewed from an oblique direction, there is a risk of a decrease in contrast, which is not desirable. The liquid crystal film in the transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions, but the liquid crystal film (A) and the liquid crystal film (B) are more preferably the same.

  In addition, the liquid crystal film can also be used as a substrate having a substantially isotropic in-plane retardation in order to provide appropriate support. Examples of such nearly isotropic films sold under the trade names such as Fujitac (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.), Zeonex (Nihon Zeon Co., Ltd.), and ARTON (Nihon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.). Various optical films and optical films made of polystyrene, polyimide, polyester, or the like can be used. More preferably, it is preferable to use a uniaxial retardation film, which will be described later, as a support substrate from the viewpoints of thinness and reliability.

The uniaxial retardation film (uniaxial retardation film (A) and uniaxial retardation film (B)) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it functions as a uniaxial retardation film. In the present invention, among these, a preferred embodiment includes a uniaxial liquid crystal film or a polymer stretched film fixed in a nematic alignment state.
Examples of the uniaxial liquid crystal film in which the nematic alignment state is fixed include, for example, a liquid crystal film obtained by forming a low molecular liquid crystal material into a nematic alignment in a liquid crystal state and then fixing by photocrosslinking or thermal crosslinking, or a polymer liquid crystal material. Examples thereof include a uniaxial liquid crystal film obtained by forming a nematic alignment in a liquid crystal state and then fixing the alignment to glass by cooling.

The polymer stretched film is not particularly limited as long as it has excellent transparency and uniformity. In the present invention, for example, a resin selected from cellulose-based, polycarbonate-based, polyarylate-based, polysulfone-based, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) -based, polyacrylic-based, polyethersulfone-based, and cyclic olefin-based polymers is melt-extruded. Or a polymer stretched film obtained by stretching the film uniaxially or biaxially under moderate heating after obtaining the film by a solution casting method is preferred.
The film thickness of the stretched polymer film depends on the strength of the selected resin, the birefringence value caused by stretching, etc., but cannot be determined unconditionally, but is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less. .
Among the polymer stretched films, a cyclic olefin-based or polycarbonate-based stretched film is preferable from the viewpoint of optical properties and film uniformity, and particularly when high durability is required or when it also serves as a protective film for a polarizing plate, It can be said that an optical film marketed under a trade name such as ZEONEX (manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) or ARTON (manufactured by JSR Corporation), which is a cyclic olefin polymer, is particularly preferable.

  The retardation value of the uniaxial retardation film is usually from 70 nm to 300 nm, preferably from 100 nm to 250 nm, particularly preferably from 120 nm to 200 nm for a monochromatic light of 550 nm, thereby obtaining good viewing angle characteristics. It is done. If the retardation value is out of the above range, the transmission type liquid crystal display element may be unnecessarily colored or may have a decrease in contrast when viewed from an oblique direction.

Next, a liquid crystal cell constituting the transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described.
The pair of transparent substrates constituting the liquid crystal cell is not particularly limited as long as the liquid crystalline material constituting the liquid crystal layer can be aligned in a specific alignment direction. Specifically, a transparent substrate in which the substrate itself has the property of aligning the liquid crystalline material, a transparent substrate provided with an alignment film having the property of aligning the liquid crystalline material, although the substrate itself lacks the alignment ability, etc. Can be used. Moreover, the electrode provided on a transparent substrate can use a well-known thing suitably, and is normally provided on the surface of the transparent substrate which liquid crystalline material contacts. When a transparent substrate having an alignment film is used, it can be provided between the transparent substrate and the alignment film.
The liquid crystal material forming the liquid crystal layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include various normal low-molecular liquid crystal substances, high-molecular liquid crystal substances, and mixtures thereof that can constitute various liquid crystal cells. In addition, a dye, a chiral agent, a non-liquid crystal substance, or the like can be added to these as long as liquid crystallinity is not impaired.

As a liquid crystal cell system, a TN (Twisted Nematic) system can be preferably used, and the twist angle is preferably 80 to 100 degrees, and more preferably 87 to 93 degrees. Further, Δnd of the liquid crystal cell is preferably 250 nm to 500 nm, and more preferably 300 nm to 480 nm. If it is out of this range, unnecessary coloring and brightness decrease are undesirable.
The driving method of the liquid crystal cell is not particularly limited, and is a passive matrix method used for STN-LCDs, an active matrix method using active electrodes such as TFT (Thin Film Transistor) electrodes and TFD (Thin Film Diode) electrodes, and plasma. Any driving method such as an address method may be used.

  Next, specific arrangement conditions of the polarizing plate, the uniaxial retardation film, the liquid crystal film, and the liquid crystal cell in the transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described. In explaining the arrangement conditions more specifically, the tilt of the liquid crystal film is described. The direction and the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell will be described below.

In FIG. 1, the angle between the liquid crystal molecule director and the film plane in the vicinity of the film interface of the liquid crystal film is respectively defined as an angle between 30 to 90 degrees on the acute angle side. The formed surface is defined as b-plane (upper surface in FIG. 1), and the surface having an acute angle of 0 to 30 degrees is defined as c-plane (lower surface in FIG. 1). .
When the c-plane is viewed from the b-plane through this liquid crystal film layer, the compensation element has a direction in which the angle formed by the director of the liquid crystal molecules and the projection component of the director on the c-plane is an acute angle and parallel to the projection component. Is defined as the tilt direction.

  In general, at the interface between the substrate of the liquid crystal cell and the liquid crystal layer (hereinafter referred to as the cell interface), the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer are not parallel to the cell interface but are inclined at an angle. The angle between the director of the liquid crystal molecules at the cell interface and the projection component on the director interface is an acute angle, and the direction parallel to the projection component of the director is the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal cell. Define.

  The arrangement of the transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention is “polarizing plate (A) / uniaxial retardation film (A) / liquid crystal film (A) / liquid crystal cell / liquid crystal film (B) / uniaxial in order from the backlight side. The phase difference film (B) / polarizing plate (B) ”is essential.

The angle formed by the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (A) and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film (A) is preferably 85 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. More preferably, it is 87 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. If it is 90 degrees or more, or less than 85 degrees, the front contrast may be lowered, which is not preferable.
Similarly, the angle formed by the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (B) and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film (B) is preferably 85 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. More preferably, it is 87 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. If it is 90 degrees or more, or less than 85 degrees, the front contrast may be lowered, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, the angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizing plate (A) and the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (A) is preferably 85 to 95 degrees, and more preferably 89 to 91 degrees. If it is out of this range, the front contrast is lowered.
Similarly, the angle between the absorption axis of the polarizing plate (B) and the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (B) is preferably 85 to 95 degrees, more preferably 89 to 91 degrees. If it is out of this range, the front contrast is lowered.

  In the uniaxially stretched film or liquid crystal film used for the transmission type liquid crystal display element of the present invention, a protective layer, an antireflection layer, an antiglare treatment layer, a hard coat, for example, on the surface of each film, as long as the effect is not impaired. A layer, an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer, a light diffusing layer, a light diffusing adhesive layer, or the like can be included.

  The transmissive liquid crystal display element of the present invention has features that display is bright, front contrast is high, and viewing angle dependency is small.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to these. The retardation (product of birefringence Δn and film thickness d) in this example is a value at a wavelength of 550 nm unless otherwise specified.

(Example 1)
The acetylation reaction was performed at 140 ° C. for 2 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere using 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid 100 mmol, terephthalic acid 100 mmol, chlorohydroquinone 50 mmol, tert-butylcatechol 50 mmol, and acetic anhydride 600 mmol. Subsequently, polymerization was carried out at 270 ° C. for 2 hours, at 280 ° C. for 2 hours, and at 300 ° C. for 2 hours. Next, the obtained reaction product was dissolved in tetrachloroethane, and then purified by reprecipitation with methanol to obtain 40.0 g of a liquid crystalline polyester (polymer 1). The logarithmic viscosity of this liquid crystalline polyester (phenol / tetrachloroethane = 6/4 (mass ratio) mixed solvent, measured at 30 ° C.) is 0.35 dl / g, has a nematic phase as a liquid crystal phase, and isotropic phase-liquid crystal phase transition temperature. Was 300 ° C. or higher and the glass transition point was 135 ° C.

  A solution was prepared by dissolving 20 g of polymer 1 in 80 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. This solution is applied onto a polyimide film (product name: Kapton, manufactured by DuPont) rubbed with a rayon cloth, and after removing the solvent by drying, it is heat treated at 210 ° C. for 20 minutes to form a nematic hybrid alignment structure. Formed. After the heat treatment, the nematic hybrid alignment structure was fixed by cooling to room temperature to obtain a liquid crystal material layer 1 uniformly aligned with an actual film thickness of 0.7 μm on the polyimide film. The actual film thickness was measured using a stylus type film thickness meter.

  A commercially available UV curable adhesive (UV-3400 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) was applied to the obtained liquid crystal material layer 1 to a thickness of 5 μm, and further, 80 μm thick triacetylcellulose was applied on the adhesive layer. A (TAC) film (SZ-TAC manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) was laminated, and the adhesive layer was cured by UV irradiation of about 600 mJ. Next, the liquid crystal material layer 1 was transferred onto a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film by peeling the polyimide film from the obtained laminate, and the liquid crystal film 1 was obtained. Δnd of the obtained liquid crystal film 1 was 100 nm, and the average tilt angle was 28 degrees.

(Example 2)
In Example 1, in place of the triacetyl cellulose film, a uniaxial retardation film (Arton manufactured by JSR Co., Ltd.) of Δnd = 180 nm was used, and a laminate of the uniaxial retardation film and the liquid crystal film 2 was obtained. It was. The angle formed between the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal material layer hybrid-aligned was 89.5 degrees.

(Example 3)
The liquid crystal film 1 produced in Example 1, a 180 nm uniaxial retardation film (Arton manufactured by JSR Corp.) and a polarizing plate (SRW-862AP manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) are arranged as shown in FIG. And bonded to a liquid crystal cell. Each layer was bonded with an adhesive. The angle formed by the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film 1 is 89.5 degrees.
The liquid crystal cell used was ZLI-4792 (manufactured by Merck) as a liquid crystalline material and 90 ° twisted nematic alignment. The liquid crystal layer thickness was 4.5 μm, the pretilt angle at the cell interface was 2 degrees, and Δnd of the liquid crystal cell was approximately 440 nm.
Table 1 shows the contrast ratio in the vertical and horizontal directions when the backlight ratio is in the lit mode (transmission mode), with the ratio of the transmittance of white display 0V and black display 6V (white display) / (black display) as the contrast ratio. The angle for ensuring the above and the front contrast are shown.
From Table 1, it is clear that the viewing angle characteristic is particularly good in the left-right direction.

Example 4
FIG. 3 shows a laminate of the liquid crystal film 2 produced in Example 2 and a 180 nm uniaxial retardation film (Arton manufactured by JSR Corporation) and a polarizing plate (SRW-862AP manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.). In the arrangement, it was bonded to a liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal cell was evaluated using the same cell as in Example 3. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

(Example 5)
A new polarizing plate was prepared using the laminate of the liquid crystal film 2 prepared in Example 2 and a 180 nm uniaxial retardation film (Arton manufactured by JSR Corporation) as a protective layer for the polarizing plate. It was bonded to the liquid crystal cell in the arrangement shown. The liquid crystal cell was evaluated using the same cell as in Example 3. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 1)
The uniaxial retardation film was removed from Example 3 and bonded to a liquid crystal cell in the arrangement shown in FIG. The liquid crystal cell was evaluated using the same cell as in Example 3. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 2)
The uniaxial retardation film and the liquid crystal film 1 were removed from Example 3 and bonded to the liquid crystal cell in the arrangement shown in FIG. The liquid crystal cell was evaluated using the same cell as in Example 3. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 3)
The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that the angle formed by the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal film 1 was 90 degrees. It bonded to the liquid crystal cell by the arrangement | positioning shown in FIG. The results obtained are shown in Table 1.

It is a conceptual diagram of the definition of the orientation structure and tilt direction of a liquid crystal film. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a layer configuration and arrangement of a liquid crystal display element of Example 3. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a layer configuration and arrangement of a liquid crystal display element of Example 4. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a layer configuration and an arrangement of a liquid crystal display element of Example 5. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a layer configuration and arrangement of a liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a layer configuration and an arrangement of a liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 2. FIG. It is the figure which represented typically the layer structure and arrangement | positioning of the liquid crystal display element of the comparative example 3.

Claims (7)

  In order from the backlight side, polarizing plate (A), uniaxial retardation film (A), liquid crystal film (A) obtained by fixing nematic hybrid alignment, twisted nematic liquid crystal cell (B), and nematic hybrid alignment are fixed. A transmissive liquid crystal display device comprising at least a liquid crystal film (B), a uniaxial retardation film (B), and a polarizing plate (B).   The transmissive liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the uniaxial retardation film is a stretched polymer film.   2. The transmissive liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the uniaxial retardation film is a liquid crystal film formed by fixing a nematic alignment formed in a liquid crystal state by a liquid crystal material exhibiting optically positive uniaxiality. element.   The liquid crystal film is a liquid crystal film made of a liquid crystal material that exhibits optically positive uniaxiality, and has a fixed nematic hybrid alignment formed in the liquid crystal state, and the average tilt angle in the nematic hybrid alignment is 5 The transmissive liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, which is a liquid crystal film of ˜35 degrees.   The angle formed by the tilt direction in which the hybrid direction of the liquid crystal film (A) is projected onto the substrate plane and the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (A) is 85 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, and the absorption of the polarizing plate (A) The transmission type liquid crystal display element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an angle formed by the axis and a slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (A) is 85 degrees or more and 95 degrees or less.   The angle formed by the direction in which the hybrid direction of the liquid crystal film (B) is projected onto the substrate plane and the slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (B) is 85 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate (B) 6. The transmissive liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein an angle formed by a slow axis of the uniaxial retardation film (B) is 85 degrees or more and 95 degrees or less. The transmissive liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the twist angle of the liquid crystal cell is 80 to 100 degrees and Δnd is 250 nm to 500 nm.

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