SU976886A1 - Agricultural crop harvesting machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for harvesting agricultural crops, mainly cereals.

There is a known harvesting machine containing a finger comb with a fixed knife JIJ mounted at its base.

The absence of a mechanism in a known machine for forcing the stems to the knife does not ensure a guaranteed cutting off of the ears, and consequently, causes a blockage of the working member.

The known machine for harvesting agricultural crops contains a cutting apparatus mounted on the frame, longitudinal fingers of the grab lifter mounted inclined forward and a slaty conveyor located above them for pulling the stems between the fingers, the slats of which are not perpendicular to the fingers (2).

However, in this machine, a cutting apparatus mounted behind the stem, picking the stems only at the same height from the surface soil, does not provide reliable cutting of the ears with differently high stem, since in this case a low stem can detach from the root system until it is cut from the ear.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the process of harvesting agricultural crops.

5The goal is achieved by the fact that

an agricultural crop harvesting machine containing a cutting apparatus mounted on a frame, inclined forward longitudinal fingers, a stem, and a slaty conveyor above them for pulling stems between the fingers, the plates of which are perpendicular to the fingers, the cutting apparatus is made in the form of fixed on the upper surfaces of the fingers and set with

15 with a gap between each other izhozhi with lateral cutting edges, and the adjacent edges of the neighboring izhozh are angled to one another, the top of which is directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the machine

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In addition, the cross-section of each finger is made round at its end and T-shaped in the area of fastening the knife.

The end of each finger is stretched bent upwards.

On the conveyor plates, which are located with the direction of inclination alternating with respect to the fingers, the blades are fixed, having increasing rigidity from their ends to the bases.

The design of the cutting aplarat provides a reliable cut to the co-sides from stems of different heights. Round section from. the upwardly curved ends of the fingers, which perform the functions of lifting and guiding the stems, at the same time, prevent their cutting and clogging of the plant residues. The T-shaped section of the fingers provides their rigidity and ease of fastening the knives. The construction of the conveyor plates ensures an even distribution of the stems between the cutting edges of the knives and the reliability of the process of pulling the stems between the fingers with a decrease in grain losses.

FIG. 1 depicts maschia, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 - finger staple with iozhom, side view; in fig. 4 - the same, top view; in fig. 5 is a section A-A in FIG. four; in fig. 6 is a section BB in FIG. four; in fig. 7 is a sectional view BB in FIG. four.

The machine contains fixed on the frame I the cutting apparatus, installed with the forward inclination of the longitudinal fingers of the 2 stem, located above the fingers 2 slat conveyor 3, the slats 4 of which. The skulls are mounted with an inclination direction alternating with respect to the fingers 2, a scraper conveyor 5 and a collecting collar 6. The cutting apparatus is made in the form of knives 7 fixed with a gap between them, with side cutting edges, which are notched, and the adjacent edges in neighboring knives they are angled to one another, the top of which is directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the machine, so that at the beginning of the cutting zone the gap between the knives 7 is equal to the gap between the fingers 2, and at the end of the cutting zone (at the base of the fingers 2) - zero.

The cross section of each finger 2 is made round at its end and T-shaped in the knife fastening zone (Fig. 5, 7). The transition from one section to another is made smooth (Fig. 6). The end of the finger is bent up.

On the slats 4, blades 8 are installed, having stiffness increasing from their ends to the bases. The machine also contains a reel 9 for supplying the stems to the conveyor 3, a mechanism for changing the position of the fingers 2 in a vertical plane with hydraulic cylinders 10 and P and a mechanism for changing the height of the reel 9 with a hydraulic cylinder 12. Conveyor 5

placed in the casing 13. To ensure a guaranteed cut of the ears, the length of the conveyor 3 exceeds the length of the knives 7. The fingers 2 are provided with a mechanism for copying the soil relief (not shown).

Maschina works as follows.

When the machine moves across the field, the reel 9 delivers a mass of stems to the fingers 2 and the conveyor 3. The blades 8 of the conveyor 3 pick up the stems and drag them between the knives 7. Due to the decreasing gap between the knives 7, a guaranteed cut of the ears is made. The possibility of changing the position of the fingers 2 in the vertical plane by means of the hydraulic cylinders 10 and 11 allows for cleaning with varying stem (high, low, lodged, differently high).

The proposed machine increases the reliability of the technological process of harvesting, and also reduces the loss of grain and straw.

Claims (4)

Invention Formula . An agricultural crop harvesting machine containing a cutting apparatus mounted on the frame, longitudinal fingers of a stem lifter mounted inclined forward and a slaty conveyor located above them for pulling the stems between the fingers, the slats of which are not perpendicular to the fingers, differing 0 in order to increase the reliability of the technological process, the cutting apparatus is made in the form of knives mounted on the upper surfaces of the fingers and set with a gap between them with side cutting edges, with adjacent edges of adjacent knives angled to one another, the top of which directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the machine. 2. A machine according to claim I, characterized in that the cross section of each finger is made round at its end and is T-shaped in the fastening zone of the knife. : 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the end portion of each finger is bent upwards. 4. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that on the conveyor plates arranged with the direction of inclination alternating with respect to the fingers, the blades are fixed, having stiffness increasing from their ends to the base. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. German Patent No. 514541, cl. 45 p 47/00, 1930. 2. USSR author's certificate for application number 2862850 / 30-15, cl. A 01 D 45/30, 1979. YU trt CM