SU793456A1 - Mechanism for levelling and cutting root crops haulm - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to mechanisms for leveling and cutting the tops of root crops used in harvesting machines of the top-lifting type.

A pulling machine for harvesting two-line seeding root crops is known, which includes pulling conveyors under which leveling tapes are placed, in the back of which are mounted the toothed knives, the cutting edge of which is located under the leveling tapes 1.

The disadvantage of this device lies in the low quality of the leveling and trimming of the tops of the root crops, which is caused by the position of the pan below the leveling tapes.

A known mechanism for leveling and trimming the tops of root crops, including two leveling endless conveyors installed under the topping elements, and a topper-cutting knife 2 located in their rear part. In this device, the knife blade is located under the leveling conveyors.

This mechanism is closest to the invention of the essence of the technical solution.

The disadvantage of this device lies in the poor quality of the leveling of the root crops and the trimming of their tops. Since the knife is located under the leveling conveyors, it does not exclude its contact with the head of the root and, consequently, damage to the latter. In addition, with this arrangement of the knife and leveling conveyors, the root crop during pruning deviates from the vertical position, which also reduces the quality of pruning.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of trimming of root-crops tops.

This is achieved by the fact that the leveling conveyor is provided with a fork-holding fingers mounted on its working surface, made in the form of a fork, the boom-cutting knife is fixed between the teeth of the fork, and the cutting edge of the knife is made concave in the direction of movement of the working legs of the leveling conveyors.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of the mechanism; in fig. 2 — view A of FIG. one; in fig. 3 - section bb FIG. 2; in fig. 4 shows a section bb of FIG. 2

On the frame of the harvester 1 there is a top-lifting 2 and leveling 3 conveyors of chain-and-finger type. The drive of the conveyor 2 is carried out from the engine of the machine through the drive shaft 4, pivotally connected to the shaft 5 of the drive of the leveling conveyor. Conveyors 2 and 3 are provided with fingers 6 and 7. In the plane of movement of fingers 7 of leveling conveyor 3, a knife 8 is installed, the cutting edge 9 of which is concave is placed in the closing zone of fingers 7 between their upper 10 and lower And planes.

The lower planes 11 of the fingers 7 have a rear 12 and front 13 cutting edges. The chains of conveyors are provided with rollers 14 in contact with drive sprockets (not shown in the drawings).

The device works as follows.

The harvesting machine, moving along the row, with the help of an undercutter, lifts the roots together with the leaves to a small height, while ensuring a reduction in the adhesion of the roots to the soil.

Wedge-shaped lifters (not shown) form tops for convenient grasping with the fingers of a teretable conveyor. In this case, the tops are divided into equal shares by the fingers and clamped between them with a force sufficient to pull the roots out of the soil. The roots are pulled out of the row in a vertical position, since the conveyor 2 is made oblique, and the speed of movement of its closed fingers relative to the floor is zero. With further movement of the topper machine, raised from a row of root crops is picked up by the fingers 7 of the conveyor 3. Due to the fact that conveyors 2 and 3 are located at a certain angle to each other, the distance between the planes of movement of the fingers b and 7 in the direction of movement of the clamped tops tops increases and the whole root is pulled from the tops until the head is in contact with the lower plane AND of the fingers 7 of the conveyor 3, and this is the reason for the leveling of the roots. Next, the tops are cut by a fixed knife 8, the edge of which is located between the upper 10 and 11 (Fig. 4) planes of the fingers 7, while the ends of the planes 10 and I act as counter-plates. The cut-off tops of the top-end elements are carried out to the harvested field, and the roots fall to the ground or into the container.

When the mechanism is operated, the tops are fixed with the fingers of the leveling conveyors, which ensures an even cut of it at a certain level, while

The nol located inside these fingers does not come into contact with the head of the root, which helps to reduce their damage.

formula of invention

Claims (2)

1.Mechanism for leveling and trimming the tops of root crops, including those installed under the topping elements, two leveling, their endless transporters and, placed in their rear part, a topper-cutting knife, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of trimming the tops of root crops, the leveling conveyor is provided with boom fingers mounted on its working surface, in the form of a fork, and the cutting-edge knife is fixed between the teeth of the fork. 2. A mechanism for leveling and trimming the tops of the root crops of claim 1, wherein the cutting edge of the knife is made concave in the direction of movement of the working branches of the leveling conveyors. Information sources, taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 365971, cl. A 01D 23/04, 1973. 2. Handbook of designer agricultural machines. M., “Mechanical Engineering, 1969, Vol. 3, pp. 145-146.