SU972497A1 - Device for interfacing computer to analog pickups - Google Patents

Description

(B) DEVICE FOR CONFIGURING COMPUTING MACHINE WITH ANALOG SENSORS

The invention relates to automation and can be used to interface a computer with analog sensors with centralized control. A device for interfacing a computer with two-position sensors is known, comprising a pulse shaping unit, a group coding unit, a matching unit, an OR element, an output register, conversion start-up nodes, reference voltage generators, a zero-time generator, a time pulse generator, a counter time pulses, the switch and the group of elements AND 1. The disadvantage of this device is the relatively low reliability of the transmitted information, due to the change in time characteristics using Mykh reference voltage generators. The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for interfacing a computer with analog sensors, containing a group of null organs, the first inputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of a group of device inputs, and the output — through a corresponding driver of the group of drivers with the corresponding input of the encoder; matching, the input of which is connected to the output of the encoder, and the output to the input of the OR element and the first input of the output register, the output of which is connected to the first output of the device The control input with the control input of the device, a conversion start unit, the output of which is connected to the input of a square pulse generator, the output of which is connected to a pulse counter, the output of which is connected to the second input of a group of read amplifiers and through a digital-to-analog converter the second inputs of the zero-organs, the first input of the read amplifier group 3E72 is connected to the output of the OR element and the control output of the device, and the output to the second input of the output register 2. However, the known device also has a high probability of overlapping signals that are simultaneously transmitted from several analog sensors, the current values of which for the moment of transmission coincide, which reduces the reliability of the device. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device. ; This goal is achieved by the fact that a device for interfacing a computer with analog sensors, containing a first pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second pulse generator, zero-organs, the first inputs of which are the corresponding inputs of the device, and the second the inputs are connected to the output of a digital-to-analog converter, the driver of the signals, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the encoder, the output of which is connected to the first input of the matching unit, the output of which It is connected to the input of the OR element and to the information input of the register, the output of which is the information output of the device, the control output of which is connected to the output of the OR element and to the first input of the read amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the counter and the input of the digital-analog converter , exit - and; The second information input of the register, the device setup input is the installation input of the device, a switch, a single vibrator, an AND element, a delay element and a decoder, whose input is connected to the counter output, are entered, the delay element is connected to the second input of the second pulse generator, with the installation input the counter and with the second input of the matching unit, the output of the OR element is connected to the input of the one-vibrator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the element AND, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second generator and pulses, and the output - to the counting input of the counter, the switch inputs are connected to the outputs of the corresponding zero-bodies, the outputs - with the corresponding inputs of the encoder. The switch contains threshold elements, load resistors, resis.

va. torus and inertial elements, the inputs of which are the corresponding inputs of the switch, the outputs are connected to the inputs of the corresponding threshold elements, the outputs of which are respectively connected to the outputs of the switch and Measure the corresponding load resistors to one input of the resistor, the other input to which is connected to the zero potential bus of the device. 1 shows a diagram of the device; on () ig. 2 is a switch diagram. The device contains zero-organs 1, switch 2, driver 3 signals, encoder k, matching unit 5, element OR b, register 7 first 8 and second 9 pulse generators, one-shot 10, element 11, pulse counter 12, read amplifier 13. Digital-analog converter 1, decoder 15, delay element 1b, inertia 17 and threshold 18 elements, load resistors 19, resistor 20. The device works as follows (Fig. 1). The voltages from the outputs of mated analog sensors are permanently applied through the group of information inputs of the device to the first inputs of nullorgans 1. The rhythm of information transmission from the mated analog sensors to the computer is given by generator 8, which is a low-frequency pulse generator. At the beginning of each successive transmission cycle of information from analog sensors, a generator B emits a single pulse, which turns on generator 9. The rectangular pulses issued by this generator are fed to the input of an And 11 element, to the other input of which in the considered mode the potential of the single vibrator 10 is applied. Therefore, the pulses of the generator 9 pass through the element 11 and arrive at the counting input of the counter 12. Upon receipt of each successive pulse, the counter 12 increases. Per unit stored in the trigger x counter code. The output potentials of the counter control the digital-analog converter 1, and with an increase in the unit of the counter code 12, the potential at the output of the digital-analog converter 1 increases by a certain amount. As the output of the digital-to-analog voltage converter 1, caused by the sum of the incoming pulses by the counter 12, rises, the moment comes when the voltages at the first and second inputs of any null organ 1 become equal. There is a voltage pulse that will be transmitted to the corresponding input of the switch.

If at the considered moment of time a pulse occurs at the output of only one null organ 1, then it will pass without delay through switch 2 and through the corresponding input of shaper 3. In the latter, a single pulse of the required shape is formed on its basis, which goes further to the corresponding The bypass of the encoder, which, at the command of the incoming pulse, produces at its output a signal, the code of which identifies the address of the analog sensor within the device. The voltage pulses that form the signal code are transmitted via the communication channel to block 5, where their shape results in the required operation of the subsequent elements of the device. Next, the signal code is fed to the first information inputs of the register 7 ,. in which it is remembered by part of the register triggers and to the inputs of the element OR 6. The latter, based on the incoming signal code, generates a single pulse, which is then transmitted to the control input of the device, which is a signal to the computer about the next message from the associated sensors. In addition, the pulse from the output of the element OR 6 is fed to the first input of the amplifier 13 as a command to overwrite the code at that moment in the counter 12 to the second part of the register 7 trigger, the second inputs of the amplifier 13 are controlled by the potentials of the counter 12, then the pulse from the output of the element OR 6 is fed to the input of the one-shot 10, which then goes into an unstable state. At the output of the one-cycle 10, a inhibitory potential appears, which is transmitted to the first input of element 11. The latter closes and does not transmit another impulse from the output of generator 9. After that, the single-oscillator 10 returns to steady state and again gives to the first input of element 11 potential. The computer, receiving a signal about the arrival of the next message from the mating analog sensors, sends out a command pulse to the installation input of the device, which enters the installation input of the register 7 and overwrites its contents into the memory of the computer. The next impulse from the output of the generator 9 through the open element I 11 will again increase its content by one, which causes a new increase in the voltage at the output of the digital-analog converter I to the set point.

If, at the next voltage increase at the output of the digital-analog converter, the voltage pulse appears at the output of several nuorgans 1, then, unlike the previously considered mode, switch 2 delays the transmission of signals from these sensors, except for one. Switch 2 determines the order in which signals are transmitted from analog sensors, the signals | on the outputs of the zero-organs 1 of which arose simultaneously. The first signal from the analog sensor is transmitted without delay (the operation of the elements of the device during its passage is described earlier), after which the device accepts transmission of the second, third, and the like. signals from the corresponding analog sensors. When passing through the device signals from the sensors, a pulse from the output of the element OR 6 each time transforms the one-vibrator 10 into an unstable state, which, in turn, closes the element 11. Therefore, counter-12 does not change its content until -. Signals from all matched analog sensors are transmitted, the voltage at the outputs of which coincides with the current voltage at the output of the digital-to-analog converter 14 with an accuracy of up to a set value.

In the process of increasing the amount stored in the counter 12, there comes a time when the amount will be equal to the specified maximum value. In this case, the decoder 15 will work, which will produce a forbidding potential at its output; the latter is fed to the input of element 16. After a period of time determined by the parameters of element 1b, the leading edge of the inhibiting potential enters the second inputs of the generator 9 of the counter 12 and block 5. The generator 9 stops the generation of pulses in the next transmission cycle of the analog sensors. Counter 12 arriving at the second bypass potential will be cleared. Block 5 will turn out to be locked and will not miss signals that will occur when the voltage decreases at the output of the D / A converter N. After the installation of the counter 12, the inhibitory potential at the output of the decoder I will disappear. 10 block 5 is opened, and generator E and counter 12 They will be prepared for a new cycle of transmission of information from the coupled analog sensors. The parameters of element 16 are chosen in such a way that

the pulse formed with its help by the decoder 15 had a duration sufficient for locking the matching unit for the required period of time and at the required moment of time, as well as for reliably turning off the generator 9 and setting the counter to zero.

The essence of the operation of switch 2 is as follows (Fig. 2). In the case of a voltage pulse at the output of one of the null organs 1, it is applied between the corresponding input and the switch case 2, i.e. the voltage pulse is applied to a series-connected inertial element 17 (transient capacitance), a threshold element 18, resistors 19 and 20. Transitional bone 17 is designed to isolate the corresponding input of its switch by a constant component. has a large value, and therefore its resistance to a pulse from the output of the nullorgan 1 is close to zero. The internal resistance of the inactive state of the threshold element 18 is much higher than the total resistance of the series connected x resistors 19 and 20. Consequently, at the initial moment almost the entire voltage of the pulse from the output of the null organ 1 is applied to the threshold element 18. As the pulse amplitude exceeds the response voltage of the threshold element 18, it begins to conduct, and its internal resistance becomes The pulse voltage from the output of the null organ 1 is redistributed in such a way that the main part of it is applied to the resistor 19 in the circuit of the corresponding null organ 1 of switch 2, and part of it is smaller than the amplitude of the working pulse and they are easily suppressed by the input circuits of the former 3.

If during signal transmission with

the output of one null organ 1 appears pulses at the outputs of other null organs 1, then they will not pass to the output of switch 2 because of the large internal resistance in

Claims (2)

It is not (the state of the corresponding threshold elements 18. In this case, the voltage of the pulses at the output of the later operated zero-organs 1 is divided into two parts. Part of the voltage on the resistor 20, common to all input circuits of the switch 2. The voltage pulse, arising in this mode on the series-connected resistors 19 and 20, through the corresponding output of the switch 2 is fed to the corresponding input of the driver 3. On the basis of this pulse, the driver 3 generates a pulse of the required shape. On the switch 2, interference voltage pulses are also generated, which are generated by the voltage drop across the resistor 20. However, the amplitude of these interference pulses is applied to the resistor 20 several times, although the voltage drops and the current flows through the previously triggered 11 element 18 in the circuit of another zero-body 1. The main part of the pulse voltage is applied to its own threshold element 18, but cannot transfer it to the working state: to transfer it to the working state of this voltage Eni is not enough. This state. switch 2 will persist until the current through the previously opened threshold element 18 ceases. The voltage drop across the resistor 20 due to its current becomes zero. Consequently, all the voltage at the outputs of the null organs, on which impulses were generated, will be applied. However, as soon as the first of them goes into a working state (in particular, due to the lower transition voltage to a working state), due to the appearance of voltage on a resistor 20 (similar to the previously considered case ) the transition to the operating state of all other threshold elements 18 will be delayed. The pulse of the signal is detected only at the output of switch 2, which is connected to the threshold element 18, which is in working condition. Such a sequence in the transmission of signals of simultaneously operating several null-bodies 1 is maintained until signals from all simultaneously operated null-organisms 1 are transmitted. Similarly, switch 2 also operates for any subsequent lazy pulses at the outputs of null-organov 1 in the process of increasing analog voltages at their second entrances. Due to the introduction of switch 2 in the proposed device, the possibility of superimposing signals from various sensors during their transmission over one common communication channel is eliminated, which results in improved reliability of the device, An invention device for interfacing a computer with analog sensors, comprising the first generator pulses, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second pulse generator, 30 zero-organs, the first inputs of which are the corresponding inputs of the device, and the second inputs under Connected to a digital-to-analog converter output, a driver, J5. In 1, the strokes of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the encoder, the output of which is connected to the first input of the matching unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the OR element and the first information input of the register, the output of which is the information output of the device, the control output of which is connected to the output of the OR element and with the first input of the amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the counter and the input of the digital-to-analog converter, the output to the second information input of the register, the setup input of which is the installation input of the device, which is aided by the fact that, in order to increase the reliability of the device, a switch, a one-shot, an AND element, a delay element and a decoder, whose input is connected to the output of the counter, are entered into it, the output through the delay element is connected to the second input of the generator pulses, with the installation input of the counter and with the second input of the matching unit, the output of the element OR is connected to the input of the one-shot, the output of which is connected to the first input of the element And, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second generator pulses, and the output - to the counting input of the counter, the switch inputs are connected to the outputs of the corresponding zero-organs, the outputs - with the corresponding inputs of the encoder. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate in accordance with the application And ° 26663 7., cl. G About F S / O, 1979. 2. USSR author's certificate in application number 293056, cl. G About F 3/04, 1980 prototype). IT 18 IS W FIG. g