SU933281A1

SU933281A1 - Apparatus for securing parts

Info

Publication number: SU933281A1
Application number: SU802941609A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Михаил Лазаревич Гешиктор; Нина Савельевна Баршина; Анатолий Иванович Дроздов
Priority date: 1980-06-16
Filing date: 1980-06-16
Publication date: 1982-06-07

Description

Изобретение относится к области механической обработки материалов, а именно к устройствам для закрепления деталей, например, в прутковых токарных автоматах.The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing of materials, and in particular to devices for fixing parts, for example, in bar turning machines.

Известно устройство для закрепления деталей, содержащее трехкулачковый самоцентрирующий патрон, установленный на шпинделе станка гидропривод, шток которого соединен посредством винтовой пары с диском патрона, а корпус гидропривода с поршнями встроен в переднюю бабку станка [1].A device for securing parts is known, comprising a three-jaw self-centering chuck mounted on a machine spindle with a hydraulic actuator, the rod of which is connected via a screw pair to the cartridge disk, and a hydraulic actuator body with pistons is integrated into the front headstock of the machine [1].

Недостатком устройства является необходимость остановки шпинделя станка при закреплении детали, что снижает производительность труда при обработке деталей на станке.The disadvantage of this device is the need to stop the spindle of the machine when securing the part, which reduces labor productivity when processing parts on the machine.

Целью изобретения является повышение производительности труда. ₂ The aim of the invention is to increase labor productivity. ₂

Эта цель достигается тем, что в предложенном устройстве гидропривод шарнирно установлен в передней бабке станка и выполнен в виде закреп2 ленных в его корпусе двух гидроблоков с установленным между ними двухрядным упорным подшипником, внутреннее кольцо которого жестко связано со штоком гидропривода, а наружные кольца установлены с возможностью взаимодействия с поршнями гидропривода.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device the hydraulic drive is pivotally mounted in the front headstock of the machine and is made in the form of two hydraulic units fixed in its body with a double-row thrust bearing installed between them, the inner ring of which is rigidly connected to the hydraulic drive rod, and the outer rings are installed with the possibility of interactions with hydraulic pistons.

На фиг.1 изображено устройство, продольный разрез; на фиг.2 - разрез А-А на фиг.1.Figure 1 shows a device, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

Устройство для закрепления деталей содержит коническое зубчатое колесо 1, входящее в зацепление со спиральным диском 2 универсального самоцентрирующего трехкулачкового патрона 3·The device for fixing parts contains a bevel gear 1, which engages with a spiral disk 2 of a universal self-centering three-jaw chuck 3 ·

На шпинделе 4 станка внутри передней бабки 5 встроен гидропривод 6, к штоку 7 которого прикреплен винт 8, контактирующий с гайкой 9. Гайка 9 выполнена за одно целое с колесом 1 и представляет собой штифты 10, зат рессованные во втулочную часть коле са 1 по спирали, шаг которой соответствует шагу винта 8.A hydraulic actuator 6 is mounted on the spindle 4 of the machine inside the front headstock 5, to the stem 7 of which a screw 8 is attached, which contacts the nut 9. The nut 9 is made integrally with the wheel 1 and consists of pins 10, helical in the hub part of the wheel 1 whose step corresponds to that of screw 8.

Гидропривод 6 содержит корпус 11 и закрепленные в нем противоположно направленные гидроблоки 12 и 13. Между блоками свободно установлена с возможностью перемещения обойма 14. В обойму 14 вмонтирован двухрядный упорный подшипник 15· Внутреннее кольцо подшипника 15 посредством гайки 16 и упорной шайбы 17 крепится к штоку 7.The hydraulic actuator 6 comprises a housing 11 and oppositely directed hydroblocks 12 and 13 fixed therein, a ferrule 14 is freely mounted between the units to move the ferrule 14. A double row thrust bearing 15 is mounted in the ferrule 14. The inner ring of the bearing 15 is attached to the rod 7 by means of a nut 16 and a thrust washer 17 .

Гидроблоки 12 и 13 имеют расположенные по окружности (фиг.2) глухие цилиндрические полости 18, в которых подвижно установлены поршни 19- Поршни 19 торцами воздействуют с двух сторон на наружные кольца подшипникаThe hydraulic units 12 and 13 have circular cylindrical cavities 18 located around the circumference (FIG. 2), in which the pistons 19 are movably mounted. The pistons 19 end to end affect the outer rings of the bearing

15. Полости 18 гидроблоков 12 и 13 каналами 20 соединены с гидромагистралью (на чертеже не показана).15. The cavities 18 of the hydroblocks 12 and 13 of the channels 20 are connected to the hydraulic highway (not shown in the drawing).

Гидропривод 6 опирается на один шарикоподшипник 21, т.е. шарнирно установлен на одной опоре в -передней бабке 5 станка.The hydraulic actuator 6 is based on a single ball bearing 21, i.e. pivotally mounted on one support in the front headstock 5 of the machine.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

При подаче гидросреды под давле1 нием через каналы 20 в гидроблок 13 поршни 19 воздействуют на правое наружное кольцо подшипника 15 и через его внутреннее кольцо толкает влево шток 7, который перемещает влево винт 8, а последний вращает гайку - колесо 1 со спиральной канавкой, разжимая тем самым кулачки патрона 3. Обрабатываемая деталь-пруток подается механизмом подачи (на .чертеже не показан ) на заданную величину .When the hydraulic fluid is supplied under pressure through the channels 20 to the valve body 13, the pistons 19 act on the right outer ring of the bearing 15 and push rod 7 to the left, which moves screw 8 to the left, and the latter rotates the nut - wheel 1 with a spiral groove, thereby the cams of the cartridge 3. The workpiece-bar is fed by a feed mechanism (not shown in the drawing) by a predetermined value.

При подаче гидросреды в гидроблок 12 его поршни 19 воздействуют на левое наружное кольцо подшипника 15 и через его внутреннее коль цо толкают шток 7 вправо, перемещая тем самым кулачки патрона 3.When the hydraulic medium is supplied to the hydraulic unit 12, its pistons 19 act on the left outer ring of the bearing 15 and push the rod 7 to the right through its inner ring, thereby moving the cams of the cartridge 3.

При этом пруток зажимается в патроне.In this case, the bar is clamped in the cartridge.

Такая конструкция гидропривода позволяет производить разжим, подачу и зажим прутка при вращающемся шпинделе, что позволяет проводить работы в автоматическом режиме и обеспечивает повышение производитеЮ льности труда.This design of the hydraulic drive allows to expand, feed and clamp the bar with a rotating spindle, which allows you to carry out work in automatic mode and provides increased productivity.

Установка гидропривода шарнирно на одной опоре позволяет ему самоцентрироваться и увеличивать силу зажима прутка вследствие уменьше15 ния числа трущихся поверхностей.The installation of the hydraulic drive pivotally on one support allows it to self-center and increase the force of clamping of the rod due to a decrease in the number of friction surfaces.

Claims

The invention relates to the field of machining materials, namely, devices for fixing parts, for example, in bar-type automatic lathes. A device for securing parts is known, which contains a three-cam self-centering oatron mounted on a machine spindle, the hydraulic shaft of which is connected by means of a screw pair to the cartridge disk, and the hydraulic drive housing with pistons is embedded in the front headstock of machine 1. A disadvantage of the device is the need to stop the machine spindle when fixing parts, which reduces productivity when processing parts on the machine. The aim of the invention is to increase productivity. This goal is achieved by the fact that, in the proposed device, the hydraulic actuator is pivotally mounted in the fore headstock of the machine and made in the form of two hydraulic blocks fixed in its case with a two-way thrust bearing installed between them, the inner ring of which is rigidly connected to the hydraulic drive rod, and the outer rings are installed with the possibility of interaction with the pistons of the hydraulic drive. Figure 1 shows the device, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1. The device for securing parts contains a bevel gear 1, which engages with the spiral disk 2 of a universal self-centering three-jaw chuck 3H, a hydraulic actuator 6 is built into the spindle of the machine inside the headstock 5, and a screw 8 in contact with the nut 9 is attached to the spindle. integral with the wheel 1 and consists of pins 10, which are inserted into the stub part of the wheel 1 and 1 in a spiral, the pitch of which corresponds to the pitch of the screw 8. The hydraulic actuator 6 includes a housing 11 and fixed However, the directional hydraulic blocks 12 and 13. Between the blocks, the holder 1 is freely mounted to move. In the holder 14, a two-row thrust bearing 15 is mounted. The inner ring of the bearing 15 is fastened to the rod 7 by means of a nut 16 and the thrust washer 17. circumference (figure 2) blind cylindrical cavities 18, pistons 19 are movably mounted. Pors 19 with ends face the outer rings on both sides of the bearing 15. Cavities 18 of hydroblocks 12 and 13 are connected by channels 20 with hydraulic main {not shown in the drawing on). The hydraulic actuator 6 is supported on one ball bearing 21, i.e. pivotally mounted on a single support in the - headstock 5 of the machine. The device works as follows. When supplying hydraulic medium under pressure through channels 20 to hydraulic unit 13, pistons 19 act on the right outer ring of the bearing 15 and through its inner ring pushes the rod 7 to the left, which moves the screw 8 to the left, and the last nut rotates the wheel 1 with a spiral groove , thereby uncoupling the jaws of the chuck 3. The workpiece-current is fed by a feed mechanism (not shown in the drawing) by a predetermined amount. When the hydraulic medium is supplied to the hydraulic unit 12, its pistons 19 act on the left outer ring of the bearing 15 and push the rod 7 to the right through its inner ring, thereby moving the jaws of the cartridge 3. At the same time, the duck is clamped in the cartridge. This hydraulic design allows unclamping, feed and clamp rods with a rotating spindle, which allows you to work in automatic mode and provides increased productivity. Installing the hydraulic actuator pivotally on one support allows it to self-center and increase the clamping force of the rod due to a decrease in the number of rubbing surfaces. 1 The invention The device for securing parts containing a three-cam self-centering cartridge mounted on the spindle of the machine hydraulic drive, the rod of which is connected by means of a screw pair to the disk of the cartridge and the body of the hydraulic drive with the piston is built into the front headstock of the machine, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity , the hydraulic actuator is pivotally mounted in the front headstock of the machine and is made in the form of two hydraulic blocks fixed in its case with a two-way thrust bearing installed between them, inside The inner ring of which is rigidly connected with the hydraulic actuator stem, and the outer rings are installed with the possibility of interaction with the hydraulic actuator piston. Sources of information taken into account in examination 1, Bloomberg B, A. and others. Progressive design of machine tools. L., Mechanical Engineering, 1968, p. 222, fig. 110 (prototype).