SU926454A1

SU926454A1 - Refrigeration machine

Info

Publication number: SU926454A1
Application number: SU802914003A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Павлович Латышев
Original assignee: Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Холодильной Промышленности
Priority date: 1980-04-23
Filing date: 1980-04-23
Publication date: 1982-05-07
Also published as: SU1079968A1

Description

Изобретение относится к холодильной технике, а именно к холодильным машинам с охлаждаемым компрессором. · Известна холодильная машина, содержащая замкнутый контур для хладагента, в который последовательно включены компрессор с охлаждающей рубашкой, форконденсатор, маслоотделитель, йонденсатор, первый и второй теплообменники, дроссельный вентиль и испаритель, и линию, охлаждения компрессора с охладителем, соединенным через автономный дроссельный вентиле с охлаждающей полостью,первого теплообменника, причем всасывающая сторона компрессора через охлаждающую полость второго теплообменника подключены к выходу испарителя (1].The invention relates to refrigeration, in particular to refrigerators with a refrigerated compressor. A known refrigeration machine containing a closed circuit for refrigerant, which consistently includes a compressor with a cooling jacket, a condenser, an oil separator, a condenser, a first and second heat exchanger, a throttle valve and an evaporator, and a compressor cooling line with a cooler connected through an autonomous throttle valve to the cooling cavity of the first heat exchanger, the suction side of the compressor through the cooling cavity of the second heat exchanger connected to the output of the evaporator (1].

Недостатком известной холодильной машины является относительно невысокая энергетическая эффективность Цель изобретения - повышение энергетической эффективности путем использования масла в качестве охлажда- 25 ющей среды в рубашке компрессора.A disadvantage of the known refrigeration machine is the relatively low energy efficiency. The purpose of the invention is to increase energy efficiency by using oil as a cooling medium in the compressor jacket.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что машина дополнительно содержит масляную магистраль, в которую последовательно включены маслоотдели- 30 тель, охладитель и охлаждающая полость первого теплообменника, а также дополнительно введен5 ные после охладителя обратный клапан, фильтр и отделитель жидкости, включенный между охлаждающей полостью первого теплообменника и рубашкой компрессора, причем параллельΙθ но охладителю и обратному клапану масляная магистраль имеет байпасную линию с своими масляным насосом и фильтром, а отделитель жидкости связан с рубашкой охлаждения через насос, а по пару подключен к всасы‘5 вающей стороне компрессора.This goal is achieved by the fact that the machine additionally contains an oil line, which includes an oil separator, a cooler and a cooling cavity of the first heat exchanger, as well as a check valve, a filter and a liquid separator additionally introduced after the cooler, connected between the cooling cavity of the first heat exchanger and with the compressor jacket, and parallel to Ιθ but to the cooler and the non-return valve, the oil line has a bypass line with its own oil pump and filter, and the liquid separator connected to the cooling jacket through the pump, and in a couple connected to the suction side of the compressor.

Кроме того, в контуре для хлад-, агента между маслоотделителем конденсатором, а также перед компрессором установлены дополнительные обратные . клапаны.In addition, in the circuit for the refrigerant agent between the oil separator condenser, and also in front of the compressor, additional inverses are installed. valves.

На чертеже приведена схема холодильной машины.The drawing shows a diagram of a refrigeration machine.

Машина содержит компрессор 1, форконденсатор 2, маслоотделитель 3, конденсаторы 4, первый 5 и второй 6 теплообменники, дроссельный вентиль 7, испаритель 8, охладитель 9, автономный дроссельный вентиль 10, обратный клапан 11, фильтр 12, отделитель 13 жидкости, масляный насос 14, и хладагента после масляный фильтр 15, насос 16, допол нительные обратные клапаны 17 и 18 и вентили 19The machine contains a compressor 1, a pre-condenser 2, an oil separator 3, condensers 4, a first 5 and a second 6 heat exchangers, a throttle valve 7, an evaporator 8, a cooler 9, an autonomous throttle valve 10, a non-return valve 11, a filter 12, a liquid separator 13, an oil pump 14 , and refrigerant after oil filter 15, pump 16, optional non-return valves 17 and 18 and valves 19

Холодильная машина работает следующим образом.The chiller operates as follows.

Смесь масла компрессора 1 охлаждают в форконденсаторе 2 до температуры не ниже 1,05 от температуры конденсаций и направляют в маслоотделитель 3, где отделяют пары от масла и конденсируют затем пары в конденсаторе 4 с переохлаждением конденсатора в теплообменнике 5 выпариванием хладагента из масла при давлении кипейия. Жид кий хладагент еще более переохлажда-,^ резазтономный дроссельный вентиль ют парами ’.’Хладона-22* ’, Образующи- ’ сохлаждаквдейполостью первого тепломися в испарителе 8 после дросселиро-обменйика, причем всасывающая сторо------ „ - ид компрессора через охлаждающую полость второго теплообменника подхладона смешивают в трубопроводе ключена к-выходу испарителя,о т л и—------—- , о-—.. ——— й _{а ю} эд _{а я} £ я тем, что, с целью повышения энергетической эффективности путем использования масла в качестве охлаждающей среды в рубашке -.Компрессора, машинадополнительно Фильтр 15 насосом 14, а после вывода ⁴³ содержит масляную магистраль, в ко.... . . торую последовательно включены маслоотделитель, охладитель и охлаждающая полость первоготеплообменника, а такж* дополнительно введенные послеохладителяобратный клапан, фильтр и отделитель жидкости/ включенный между охлаждающей полостью первого теплообменникаи рубашкой компрессора, Причем параллельно охладителю и обратному клапану масляная магистраль имеёт' байпасную линию с своими масляным насосом и фильтром, а Отделитель жйдкости связан с рубашкой охлаждения через насос, а пару подключен к всасывающей компрессора.The oil mixture of compressor 1 is cooled in a pre-condenser 2 to a temperature not lower than 1.05 from the condensation temperature and sent to an oil separator 3, where the vapor is separated from the oil and then the vapor is condensed in the condenser 4 with supercooling of the condenser in the heat exchanger 5 by evaporation of the refrigerant from the oil at boiling pressure. The liquid refrigerant is even more subcooled -, the resonant throttle valve is used in pairs '.' Freon-22 * ', forming -' cooled by cooling the cavity of the first heat in the evaporator 8 after the throttle-exchange, and the suction side ------ „- compressor id through the cooling cavity of the second heat exchanger podhladona mixed in the pipeline, the key to the exit of the evaporator, and a t l --------- o-- .. --- th _{and th} Ed _{and I} £ I that with The goal is to increase energy efficiency by using oil as a cooling medium in a shirt. Compressor, machine optionally Filter 15 by pump 14, and after terminal ⁴³ contains an oil line, in .... . The oil separator, cooler and cooling cavity of the first heat exchanger are sequentially connected, as well as the * after-cooler inlet valve, filter and liquid separator / connected between the cooling cavity of the first heat exchanger and the compressor jacket, and the oil line has a bypass line with its oil pump and filter, and the liquid separator is connected to the cooling jacket through the pump, and the couple is connected to the suction compressor.

2. Машина по п..1, о т л и щ а я с ятем, что в контуре хладагента между маслоотделителем в масле, 4$ и конденсатором, а также перед компрессором установлены дополнительные обратные клапаны.2. The machine according to claim 1, with the exception that in the refrigerant circuit between the oil separator in the oil, $ 4 and the condenser, and also additional check valves are installed in front of the compressor.

вания переохлажденного хладагента в дроссельном вентиле 7. Масло и пары : всасывания компрессора 1. Затем смесь сжимают в компрессоре 1 с одновременным добавлением масла через распределитель. В пусковой период масло подают из маслоотделителя 3 черев, давления конденсации) масляный Фильтр автономный дроссельный вентиль где его дросселируют до давлевсасывания, в теплообменник 5» производят выпаривание хладагенСмесь паров и масла подают в ________ откуда масло на режим масло идет самотеком (под действием через охладитель 9, 12, Ю, НИЯ где та. отделитель жидкости 13, отбирают полностью или частично насосом 16 и сжимают до давления, Необходимого для нагнетания через рас-· . пределитель в компрессор 1.supercooled refrigerant in the throttle valve 7. Oil and vapors: compressor suction 1. Then the mixture is compressed in compressor 1 with the simultaneous addition of oil through the distributor. In the start-up period, oil is supplied from the oil separator by 3 cells, condensation pressure) oil Filter is an autonomous throttle valve where it is throttled before pressure is suctioned, refrigerant is evaporated into the 5 ”heat exchanger. A mixture of vapor and oil is fed into ________ from where the oil goes to oil mode by gravity (under the action of cooler 9 , 12, Yu, NII where that. Liquid separator 13, is taken out completely or partially by pump 16 and is compressed to the pressure necessary for pumping through the distributor to the compressor 1.

Повышение энергетической эффектив- ности достигается за счет использо- , вания хладагента, растворенного в масле для переохлаждения жидкости, с целью снижения потерь при дроссе* пировании. Кроме того, на сжатие . хладагента, растворяющегося тратится меньше энергии, чем на сжатие паров хладагента. Это еще · более повышает энергетическую эффективность холодильной машины.An increase in energy efficiency is achieved through the use of a refrigerant dissolved in oil to supercool a liquid in order to reduce losses during drossing. In addition, compression. A refrigerant dissolving consumes less energy than compressing refrigerant vapor. This further enhances the energy efficiency of the chiller.

При том же общем количестве циркулирующего .хладагента часть его ' получается с меньшими затратами и весь холод за счет этой части передается в испаритель.With the same total amount of circulating refrigerant, part of it is obtained at a lower cost and all the cold due to this part is transferred to the evaporator.

Claims

The invention relates to refrigeration engineering, namely to refrigeration machines with a cooled compressor. .. Known refrigerating machine containing a closed circuit for a refrigerant, in which a compressor with a cooling head, forcondenser, oil separator, condenser, first and second heat exchangers, a throttle valve and an evaporator, and a cooling valve of a compressor with a cooler connected through an independent throttle are connected in series : valve with a cooling cavity, the first heat exchanger, and the vacuum side of the compressor through the cooling cavity of the second heat exchanger connected to the outlet of the evaporator Ts. izvestyoy chiller is relatively low effektivnos An energy object of this invention - ene-energy efficiency improvement by using oil as a guide Cooling medium in the jacket of the compressor. This goal is achieved by the fact that the machine additionally contains an oil line, into which the oil separator, the cooler and the cooling cavity of the first heat exchanger are therefore included, and the non-return valve additionally introduced after the coolant, connected between the cooling cavity of the first heat exchanger and compressor jacket, and parallel to the cooler and return “at the valve, the oil to the line has a bypass line with its own oil pump and filter, and the liquid separator connected to the cooling jacket through the pump, and a pair connected to the suction side of the compressor. In addition, additional check valves are installed in the circuit for the refrigerant agent between the oil separator and the condenser, as well as in front of the compressor. The drawing shows a diagram of the refrigeration machine. The machine contains compressor 1, precondenser 2, oil separator 3, condensers 4, first 5 and second 6 heat exchangers, throttle valve 7, evaporator 8, cooler 9 / independent throttle valve 10, check valve 11, filter 12, separators, 13 liquids, oil pump 14, oil filter 15, pump 16, additional check valves 17 and 18, and fans 19 to 23. The chiller works as follows. The mixture of oil and refrigerant after compressor 1 is cooled in the forecondenser 2 to a temperature not lower than 1.05 from the condensation temperature and sent to the oil separator 3, where the vapors are separated from the oil and the vapors are then condensed in the heat exchanger 5 by condensation of the refrigerant from the oil at boiling pressure. The liquid refrigerant is even more supercooled with Freon-22 vapors, Generating in the evaporator 8 ttoqnQ Jarosvlyj |) ABOUT NNIN of the supercooled refrigerant in the throttle valve 7. Mas O And mixing the refrigerant in a pipe DIe suction kompressyra 1. Then, the mixtures are compressed in the compressor 1 with the simultaneous addition of oil through the valve. During the start-up period in May, they are supplied from the oil separator 3 rounds. filter 15 by pump 14, and after oil flow to the mode, the oil goes by gravity (driven by the pressure of cbmdanceC8I through cooler 9 / oil oil from tpu 12t, an independent throttle valve, 10, where it is throttled before avvvini suction, into heat exchange to S where evaporation takes place A mixture of vapors and oil is fed to the liquid separator 13, from where the m & layer is taken completely or partially by pump 16 and compressed to the pressure required for pumping the discharge valve into compressor 1. The increase in energy 300etcTt is achieved by using ladagenta, rastvorv "1Yogo oil for supercooling sidkost) in order to reduce losses in the dross lation. KjioMe addition for compression. a refrigerant dissolving in oil spends less energy than neither compressing refrigerant vapors. This further enhances the energy efficiency of the chiller. With the same total amount of circulating refrigerant, part of it is obtained at lower cost, and all the cold is transferred to the evaporator through this part. Claim 1. Refrigeration machine containing a closed circuit for a refrigerant in which a compressor is sequentially included with a cooling jacket, forcondenser oil separator, a condenser, first and second heat exchangers, a throttle valve and an evaporator, and a compressor cooling line with a chiller connected via an autonomous throttle the valve with the cooling chamber of the first teploobidanmuyts, let us take the side of the suction “(shrvssor through the ohllakakutay cavity of the second t of obmodvikaka CONNECTED H vypodka tel, tl and haeca with a tvm that, for the purpose of increasing aiieptHsTirttecKoft effec ture of oil and oil in scA “ctBe oxnaagiiftiittteftft average in kOMitcopcopa Maidtma, in addition, eojU & fxiaff c co rus aa ture of the program c co rus aa ture of the program c co rus Maidtma Maidtma to improve the oil and oil included mas oo de ntesh, cooler and cooling | a scoop n iibro booster, and also added after 0 coolant reversing the valve, filter and discharge of liquid r included between the first 1 heat exchanger and the shirt of the pressure distributor parallel to the cooler of the non-return valve There is a bypass line with a low-pressure pump and filter, and a liquid separator is connected to the jacket through the pump, and the spring is connected to the suction side of the KOwof.

2. Kaaaa on. According to Claim 1, it is different in that there are additional non-return valves in the refrigerant circuit between the oil separator And / condenser, as well as in front of the compressor. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, USSR Author's Certificate € 85880, class, F 25 V 1/02, 1976.