SU889026A1 - Vacuum-apparatus for crystallization of solutions - Google Patents

Description

(54) VACUUM APPARATUS FOR THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF SOLUTIONS

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The invention relates to equipment for the crystallization of solutions, for example, sugar-containing solutions, and can be used in the food, chemical and other industries.

A known apparatus for the crystallization of solutions, made in the form of a tank, provided in the lower steam chamber and with a mechanical vane circulator mounted on a shaft, driven in rotation from an engine mounted above the apparatus. The device is also equipped with nozzles for supplying solution, steam, condenser and ammonia gases. The steam under the steam chamber is supplied with secondary steam for hydrodynamic circulation enhancement by means of nozzles located along the perimeter of the apparatus 1.

The main disadvantage of the known apparatus is that with an increase in the viscosity of the crystallized product during the boiling process, the load on the drive of the mechanical circulator increases. To ensure rotation, you must install

a circulator, an engine of increased power or a decrease in the frequency of rotation of the mechanical circulator, which leads to a decrease in the rate of circulation of the crystallized product and a decrease in the rate of crystallization. The steam injection intensifies the crystallization process by increasing the circulation rate, however, it is unevenly distributed in the product being crystallized and the nozzles are plugged with massecuite, especially when the vacuum unit is launched.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process due to the simultaneous effect of mechanical and hydrodynamic forces.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the shaft and the blades are made with channels communicating with each other.

In addition, the blades are equipped with nozzles, the axes of which are perpendicular to the axis of the blades.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed apparatus, a general view; in fig. 2 - shaft and circulator with channels and nozzles for supplying steam to the apparatus. The apparatus has a housing 1, in the lower part of which there is a steam chamber 2 with connections for supplying steam 3, removing ammonia gases 4 and removing condensate 5. The crystallisable solution is fed into the apparatus through the connection 6. In the lower conical part of the apparatus there is a discharge device 7 A steam box 8 with blades 9 is placed under the steam chamber 2, driven through shaft 10 by motor 11. Inside shaft 10 a channel 12 is provided for supplying steam, and inside blades 9 channels 13, at the ends of which are mounted nozzles 14. Steam supply to the dirku the torus 8 is carried out by communication 15 by means of a junction box-

ki 16 through the windows 17 formed in the shaft. Between the junction box 16 and the shaft 10 there is a stuffing box 18. The device works as follows.

The lower part of the apparatus with the coating of the steam chamber 2 is filled through the nozzle. 6 subject to crystallization solution. In the steam chamber 2 pipe 3 serves heating steam, which heats the solution. The condensate of heating steam accumulating in the lower part of the steam chamber 2 is removed through the nozzle 5.

In order to intensify heat exchange and crystallization, the engine and the circulator 8 are turned on in the vacuum apparatus, and simultaneously, via communication 15, steam is supplied to the junction box 16 with stuffing seals 18 to the shaft channel 12. Through the channel 12, which is made inside the shaft 10, the steam enters the circulator 8 and is distributed to the LPO channels 13, filled into the blades 9, ends with nozzles 14. The exit from the nozzles 14, the steam due to the rotation of the circulator 8 evenly mixes with the crystallizable solution, and wears the rate of movement of the solution in the sub-chamber space and in the lifting channels of the apparatus, which improves the heat transfer and crystallization of the treated solution;

As the solution concentrates and the crystals grow, the viscosity of the product's hem increases. In order to maintain intensive circulation in the apparatus, nozzles 14 are set tangentially to the circumference described by the blades of the circulator. With this arrangement, the nozzles 14 of the steam energy is converted into mechanical operation of the circulator 8, which is 8890 5 10

due to the combination of mechanical and hydrodynamic enhancement of the circulation of crystallizable solutions with a uniform distribution of injected into the crystallizable solution

steam, and reduces the power consumption of the mechanical circulator. In addition, the positive effect of using the proposed apparatus is expected to be obtained by reducing the loss from decomposition, deeper

depletion of the intercrystalline solution and improve the granulometric composition of sugar.

Claims (2)

1. A vacuum apparatus for the crystallization of solutions, predominantly sugar-containing, including a vertical body, a steam chamber located in the lower part of the body, and a circulator with radial blades mounted on the shaft, which is also distinguished, in order to intensify the process by simultaneously acting on mechanical and hydrodynamic forces; the shu, shaft, and blades are made with channels communicating with each other. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blades are provided with nozzles whose axes are perpendicular to the axis of the blade. Information sources, taken into account during the examination 1. Belostotsky, L. G. and others. Intensification of boiling mash with the use of artificial mixing and the input of secondary steam. Proceedings of VNIISP, l. XXI, 1974, p. 103-107 (prototype). 4 reduces the consumption of the electric motor to the engine and the circulator 8. After the mass of crystals in the solution being processed reaches 40-55% by weight of the product, the steam supply to the steam chamber 2 stops, the circulator 8 stops and simultaneously the steam supply stops. the product is lowered through the discharge device 7. After the vacuum apparatus is removed from the massecuite, the steam for steaming is supplied through communication 15 and then through the nozzles 14 into the apparatus. The proposed design of a vacuum apparatus for the crystallization of solutions can significantly reduce the time of crystallization.