SU881425A1

SU881425A1 - Centrifugal starting coupling

Info

Publication number: SU881425A1
Application number: SU802886336A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Николай Дмитриевич Абрамов; Иван Андреевич Бабинцев; Виктор Федорович Мосалев; Борис Александрович Русанов
Original assignee: Всесоюзное Научно-Производственное Объединение "Циклон" Министерства Мелиорации И Водного Хозяйства Ссср
Priority date: 1980-02-25
Filing date: 1980-02-25
Publication date: 1981-11-15

Description

Изобретение относится к машиностроению и может быть использовано в приводах ветроагрегатов.The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in drives of wind turbines.

Наиболее близким к изобретению по тех-’, нйческой сущности и достигаемому результату является центробежная пусковая муфта, содержащая две полу муфты с нажимным' и упорными дисками и фрикционными накладками, а также механизм включения в виде шариков, установленных между нажимным и упорным дисками [1].The closest to the invention in terms of its technical essence and the achieved result is a centrifugal starting clutch containing two half couplings with pressure 'and thrust discs and friction linings, as well as a switching mechanism in the form of balls mounted between the pressure and thrust discs [1] .

Однако эта муфта не обеспечивает разгона приводного двигателя без нагрузки. • Цель изобретения — улучшение пусковой характеристики муфты.However, this coupling does not accelerate the drive motor without load. • The purpose of the invention is to improve the starting characteristics of the coupling.

Эта цель достигается тем, что центробежная пусковая муфта, содержащая две полумуфты с нажимным и упорным дисками и 15 фрикционными накладками, а также механизм включения в виде шариков, установленных между нажимным и упорным дисками, снабжена кольцевым магнитом с канавкой полукруглого профиля и прокладками из немагнитного материала, при этом 2® кольцевой магнит установлен под шариками и обращен к ним канавкой, а прокладки установлены между полумуфтой и магнитом.This goal is achieved by the fact that the centrifugal starter clutch, containing two coupling halves with pressure and stop discs and 15 friction linings, as well as a switching mechanism in the form of balls installed between the pressure and stop discs, is equipped with an annular magnet with a semicircular groove and gaskets made of non-magnetic material with a 2® ring magnet mounted under the balls and facing them with a groove, and gaskets mounted between the coupling half and the magnet.

На фиг. 1 изображена центробежная пусковая муфта, осевой разрез; на фиг. 2 — разрез А—А на фиг. 1.In FIG. 1 shows a centrifugal starting clutch, axial section; in FIG. 2 — section A — A in FIG. 1.

Муфта состоит из ведущей полумуфты 1, ведомой полумуфты 2 с фрикционной накладкой 3. Механизм включения содержит шарики 4, кольцевой магнит 5, нажимной диск 6, гайки 7, направляющие стержни 8, пружины 9, дистанционные шайбы 10. Перемычки для шариков и разделительные прокладки между магнитом и ведущей полумуфтой объединены в общее кольцо II, выполненное из немагнитного материала, например из дюраля марки Д16Т. В зоне нерабочих контактов шариков установлены дюралевые прокладки 12. Для увеличения поверхности контакта в кольцевом магните предусмотрена для шариков канавка полукруглого профиля, а для концентрации магнитных силовых линий — осевые прорези в зоне каждого шарика. Рабочие поверхности диска 6 и полумуфты 1 выполнены плоскими с односторонним скосом, образующим конус, вершина которого находится на оси муфты, а угол конуса составляет , не менее 160° во избежание заклинивания шариков между рабочими поверхностями, В состоянии покоя шарики находятся в круговой выемке кольцевого магнита возможно ближе к оси муфты для уменьшения центробежной ⁵силы в период пуска. Шарики отделены от стального , корпуса дюралевым кольцом 11 и прокладками 12. 'The coupling consists of a leading coupling half 1, a driven coupling half 2 with a friction lining 3. The switching mechanism comprises balls 4, an annular magnet 5, a pressure disk 6, nuts 7, guide rods 8, springs 9, spacer washers 10. Jumpers for balls and spacers between magnet and the leading coupling half are combined into a common ring II, made of non-magnetic material, for example from duralumin brand D16T. In the area of inoperative contact of the balls, duralumin gaskets 12 are installed. To increase the contact surface in the ring magnet, a groove of a semicircular profile is provided for balls, and for the concentration of magnetic lines of force - axial slots in the area of each ball. The working surfaces of the disk 6 and the coupling half 1 are made flat with a one-sided bevel, forming a cone, the apex of which is located on the axis of the coupling, and the cone angle is at least 160 ° to avoid jamming of the balls between the working surfaces. At rest, the balls are in a circular recess of the ring magnet possibly closer to the axis of the coupling to reduce centrifugal force ⁵ during the start-up period. The balls are separated from the steel casing by a duralumin ring 11 and gaskets 12. '

Муфта работает следующим образом. _f The coupling operates as follows. _f

При пуске двигателя, например ветроколсса, ведущая муфта начинает вращаться вхолостую вместе с нажимным диском 6. Пружины 9 устанавливают зазор между накладкой 3 и диском 6. Магнит 5 притягивает шарики 4 до тех пор, пока центробежные си- is лы с их масс не преодолеют силы притяжения на некоторой, заранее определенной частоте вращения, составляющей, например, половину номинальной частоты. Шарики, оторвавшиеся от -магнита, по каналам в кольце 11 перемешаются от центра, нажимают ²⁰на диск 6, преодолевая усилйя относительно слабых пружин 9. После того, как усилие пружин преодолено, зазор между накладкой 3 и диском 6 ликвидируется, и муфта начинает передавать крутящий момент. При ₂₅снижении частоты вращения пружины 9 через диск 6 выдавливают шарики к оси муфты, и они притягиваются магнитом. Муфта готова к включению.When starting the engine, for example, a wind turbine, the drive clutch starts to rotate idle together with the pressure disk 6. The springs 9 establish a gap between the cover 3 and the disk 6. Magnet 5 attracts the balls 4 until the centrifugal forces from their masses overcome the forces attraction at a certain predetermined speed, comprising, for example, half the nominal frequency. The balls detached from the β-magnet are mixed through the channels in the ring 11 from the center, press ²⁰ on the disk 6, overcoming the effort of relatively weak springs 9. After the force of the springs is overcome, the gap between the pad 3 and the disk 6 is eliminated, and the clutch begins to transmit torque. With a ₂₅ reduction in the frequency of rotation of the spring 9, the balls are squeezed out through the disk 6 to the axis of the coupling, and they are attracted by a magnet. The clutch is ready to turn on.

Эффективность изобретения заключается в увеличении времени работы ветроагрегата на слабых скоростях ветра, поскольку появляется возможность разбега ветроколеса на холостом ходу до половины номинальной частоты вращения. В муфте также предусмотрена автоматическая компенсация величины износа фрикционных накладок за счет продвижения шариков к периферии.The effectiveness of the invention is to increase the operating time of the wind turbine at low wind speeds, since it becomes possible to run the wind wheel at idle to half the nominal speed. The clutch also provides automatic compensation for the amount of wear of the friction linings by moving the balls to the periphery.

Claims

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in drives of wind turbines. The closest to the invention in technical-; The essence and the achieved result is a centrifugal start-up clutch, which contains two fields at the clutch with pressure n thrust disks and friction linings, as well as a switching mechanism in the form of balls installed between the pressure and thrust disks 1. However, this clutch does not provide motor without load, the purpose of the invention is to improve the starting characteristics of the clutch. This goal is achieved by the fact that the centrifugal start-up clutch, which contains two half-couplings with pressure and stop discs and friction linings, as well as a switching mechanism in the form of balls, fitted between the pressure and stop discs, is equipped with a ring magnet with a semi-circular profile and gaskets of non-magnetic material, at the same time, the ring magnet is installed under the balls and the groove faces them, and the gaskets are located between the coupling half and the magnet. FIG. 1 shows a centrifugal starting clutch, axial section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. 1. The clutch consists of a leading half coupling 1, a driven half coupling 2 with a friction lining 3. The switching mechanism contains tongues 4, an annular magnet 5, a pressure disk 6, nuts 7, guide rods 8, springs 9, distance washers 10. Jumpers for balls and spacers between the magnet and the leading coupling half are combined into a common ring 11 made of a non-magnetic material, for example, of Duralumin grade D16T. In the area of non-working contacts of the balls, install duralumin seals 12. To increase the contact surface in the annular magnet, provide for the balls a groove of a semicircular profile, and for concentrating magnetic lines of force, axial slots in the area of each ball. The working surfaces of the disk 6 and the half-coupling I are made flat with a one-sided bevel that forms a cone, the top of which is located on the axis of the coupling, and the angle of the cone is equal to. not less than 160 ° in order to avoid seizure of the balls between the working surfaces. In the quiescent state, the balls are located in the circular recess of the ring magnet as close as possible to the axis of the coupling in order to reduce the centrifugal force during the start-up period. The balls are separated from the steel housing with duralumin ring I and gaskets 12. The clutch works as follows. When starting the engine, such as a propeller, the drive clutch begins to idle along with the pressure disk 6. Springs 9 set the gap between the plate 3 and disk 6. Magnet 5 attracts balls 4 until centrifugal forces from their masses overcome the force of attraction at some predetermined frequency of rotation, amounting to, for example, half of the nominal frequency. The balls detached from the magnet move through the channels in the ring P from the center, press the disk b, overcoming the forces of relatively weak springs 9. After the force is overcome, the gap between the pad 3 and disk b is eliminated and the clutch begins to transfer torque By reducing the frequency of rotation of the spring 9 through the disk 6, the balls are squeezed out to the axis of the coupling, and they are attracted by a magnet. The clutch is ready to be turned on. The effectiveness of the invention is to increase the operating time of the wind turbine at low wind speeds, since it is possible to run the wind turbine at idle up to half the nominal rotational speed. The clutch also provides automatic compensation for the amount of wear of the friction linings due to the advancement of the balls to the periphery. Claims of the invention A centrifugal start coupling comprising two half couplings with pressure and stop discs and friction linings, as well as an engagement mechanism in the form of balls mounted between the pressure and stop discs, characterized in that, in order to improve the starting characteristic, it is equipped with an annular magnet groove semicircular profile and gaskets of non-magnetic material, while the ring magnet is installed under the balls and facing them with a groove, and gaskets are installed between the coupling half and the magnet. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 418645, cl. F 16 D 43/10, 1972.

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