SU877156A1 - Pneumatic drive - Google Patents

Description

. The invention relates to pneumatic actuators, in particular to pneumatic actuators, used in industrial robots, machine tools, presses and other mains for carrying out the movement and smooth stopping of a load-loaded machine organ. A pneumatic conduit is known, which contains a power pneumatic motor, a power source connected through two double position pneumatic distributors with input and output channels to the pneumatic valve, two reduction pneumatic valves connected to the distributor 1. . In the known pneumatic actuator, the pressure in the engine cavity through one of the distributors from one of the reducing pneumatic valves provides both the force and speed of the working device during forward travel and its braking during reverse flow of the pneumatic actuator. This dual purpose of the same pressure makes it difficult to choose the optimum speed and stopping distance for the drive. The known pneumatic actuator, which uses two relieving pneumatic valves with air discharge for driving and braking loads that have significantly varying two reduction valves, has speeds and braking paths that depend on the fluctuation of the load and the direction of the working body stroke, which also provides these parameters, as well as has an increased air flow, which generates a significant noise level, as a result of the release of pressure above the set pressure into the atmosphere. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of setting the braking distance, increasing the speed, and also reducing the noise level of the pneumatic actuator. The goal is achieved by the fact that the pneumatic actuator is equipped with two pneumatic capacitances, and each pneumatic rotary valve is made five-line with two output and three input channels, with two input channels of one of the pneumatic distributors communicating with the output channels of the other pneumatic distributor, the input channels of which are communicated through the tank. with reduction pneumatic valves. The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a pneumatic actuator.

The pneumatic actuator contains a power motor 1 with a piston 2, forming the working cavities 3 and 4, the pneumatic distributors 5 and 6, the reducing pneumatic valves 7 and 8.

The power source 9 is communicated through the distributors 10 and 5, the reducing pneumatic valve 11 with the workers: cavities 3 and 4 pneumatic motors - 1. The pneumatic distributors 5 and 6 are made pneumatic with two output 12 and 13, 14 and 15 and three output 16 - 1B and 19 - 21 channels. Input channels 16 and 18 of the pneumatic distributor

5 are communicated with the output channels 15 and 14 of the pneumatic distributor 6, the inlet channels 19 and 21 of which are communicated through pneumatic capacitances 22 and 23, respectively, with reducing pneumatic valves 7 and 8..

The pneumatic actuator works as follows.

Air from the power source 9 enters through the pneumatic valve 10, pneumatic valve 11, pneumatic valve 5, which is in the position indicated on the drawing, into the working cavity 3 of the pneumatic engine 1, the working cavity 4 of which through the pneumatic distributor 5 and 6 (the latter is in the right, according to the drawing , position) communicated with the atmosphere. The piston 2 of the pneumatic engine 1 moves at a high speed. When switching the pneumatic distributor to the position shown in the drawing, cavity 4 of the pneumatic engine 1 is connected through pneumatic distributors 5 and

6 with pneumatic capacity 23 and reduction pneumatic valve 8. Piston 21 pneumatic motor 1 brakes. The pressure in the working cavity 4 is determined by the parameters of air motor 1, the load, the stopping distance and the pneumatic actuator speed and is regulated by the reduction pneumatic valve 8.

Similarly, the air motor 1 when the piston moves in the opposite direction.

Thus, in the cavities 3 and 4 of the pneumatic motor 1, three pressures are supplied from three actuators of the pneumatic valves 11, 7 and 8. The first pressure from the reducing pneumatic valve 11 of the power supply 9 is alternately supplied to both cavities 3 and 4 of the pneumatic motor 1, providing force and piston 2 speed. The remaining two-pressure flows each of its own cavities 3 or 4 air motors from the reduction pneumatic valves 7 or 8, powered by the pressure reducing pneumatic valve 11 of the power supply 9f, providing braking of the drive.

In this pneumatic actuator, there is no connection to the way pressure, which provides force and speed, and pressure,

provide braking drive

 which expands the possibilities of increasing

braking distance adjustment accuracy

and achieving optimal speeds

 movement of the working body due to

adjusting the magnitude of the three pressure. In addition, in the pneumatic actuator there are two pneumatic capacitances, which are switched on separately at the outlet of each reducing pneumatic valve, which creates backpressure. The purpose of switching tanks is to reduce the flow of air discharged into the atmosphere as a result of an increase in back pressure resulting from a decrease in the capacity of the actuator brake cavity.

Thus, the use of the proposed technical solution will increase the accuracy of tuning the stopping distance and increase the speed of the pneumatic actuator, at the same time reducing the noise level.

Claims (1)

1. Directory. Pneumatic control systems for machines, presses and other machines. M., NIIMASH, 1971, p. 18, fig. 35