SU873463A1 - Television area meter - Google Patents

Description

(54). TELEVISION AREA

one

The invention relates to a technique for transmitting and reproducing images and can be used to measure individual objects that are flattened and arbitrarily located among others and having a complex shape.

A well-known television area meter containing serially connected tracking gating unit whose input is intended for supplying video signals from objects from the output of a transmitting television camera, a measuring pulse counter of the reference frequency, a digital display unit, an output element OR, a video monitoring unit, and a control unit whose output is connected to the control input of the block of the next gating and to the second input of the output element OR, the third input of which is connected to the input of the block of the next with the first input of the control unit, the second input of the tracking gating unit and the second input of the video monitoring unit are designed to feed the line: sync pulses, and the third input of the tracking gate unit, the second input of the control unit and the third input of the video monitoring unit are assigned to feed frame sync pulses, at the same time, the CJEne gating block contains a square pulse shaper, four flip-flops, an OR element, seven AND elements, a reference frequency generator, the output of which By connecting the first input of the first AND gate, the input of the rectangular

10 pulses and the output of the first element I are, respectively, the first input and output of the gating unit til

However, the famous television

15 square gauge has a low measurement accuracy. .

The purpose of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the tele20 contains a number of space meters. serially connected tracking gating unit, the input of which is intended for supplying video signals from objects from the output of the transmitting television camera 25, the measuring counter of the pulses of the reference frequency, the digital display unit, the output element OR, the video monitoring unit, as well as the control unit, the output

30 of which is connected to the control input of the tracking gating unit and to the second input of the output element OR, the third input of which is connected to the input of the tracking gating unit, while the first input of the control unit, the second input of the tracking gating unit and the second input of the video monitoring unit are designed to filing line sync pulses, and the third input of the tracking gating unit, the second input of the control unit and the third input of the video monitoring unit are intended to supply frame sync pulses, while the trace unit I strobe contains a square pulse shaper, four flip-flops, an OR element, seven AND elements, a reference frequency generator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first AND element, and the rectangular pulse shaper input and the output of the first And element are respectively the first and the output of the next gating unit, in addition to the next gating unit, two reversible counters, two AND-OR-NOT elements, a code comparison unit, a block for determining, beginning and ending of the image No object, an additional delay block, while the output of the square pulse generator is connected to the R input of the first trigger, to the first input of the second element I, to the input of the object determining the beginning and ending image of the object, to the S input of the second trigger R, which connects with the S input of the first trigger, with the first input of the OR element, with the first input of the third element AND, with the first input of the fourth element AND, with the second input of the first element AND and with the output of the delayed video signal of the beginning and ending determination unit nor an object whose output of the beginning of an object is connected to the second input of the OR element and to the first input of the first element. AND-OR-NOT; the second and third inputs of which are connected to the first input of the second element AND-OR-NOT and the third trigger output, S input which is connected to the third input of the first element AND, to the fourth input of the first AND-OR-NOT element and to the output of the fifth AND element, the first input of which is connected jk to the output of the code comparison block, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the first and second reversible counters, input 4-1 of the first reversible counter is connected to the output of the first AND-OR-NOT element and to the output of the third AND element, the second input of which is connected to the first input of the sixth AND element and to the 5th output of the fourth trigger d whose output is connected to the second input The first element And, and the output of the first trigger is connected to the second input of the second element AND, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second element AND-OR-NOT through the additional delay unit, the third input of which is connected to the output of the signals of the object's end the start and end of the image of the object and the first input of the seventh element I, the second input of which is connected to the output of the code comparison unit, and the output of the seventh element I is connected to the R input of the fourth trigger, which is the third input of the next gating unit, S The control input of the servo gating unit, the second input of the fourth element AND is connected to the output of the second trigger, and the output of the fourth element AND is connected to the third input of the OR element and to the fifth input of the first element -OR-NOT, and the output of the second element AND-OR is NOT connected to the input -1 of the first reversible counter, the input +1 of which is connected to the output of the element OR, and the second input of the sixth element AND, which is the second input of the tracking gate, is connected With the R input of the second reversing counter and with the R input of the third trigger, R the input of the first reversing counter is connected to the output of the sixth element I, the second input of the measuring pulse counter of the reference frequency is used to feed the horizontal sync pulses Frova display connected to the output of the control unit. . FIG. Figure 1 shows the structural electrical circuit of the proposed area; in fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a block gating unit; in fig. 3 is a graph illustrating the essence of the following digital gating. Television area meter contains control block 1, video control block 2, measuring counter 3 pulses of the reference frequency, digital indication block 4, output element OR 5, block g of tracking gating, which consists of block 7 for determining the beginning and end of the image of the object, first, second , third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh elements. AND 8-14 respectively of the first and second elements AND-OR-NOT 15 and 16, respectively, of the element OR 17, the first and second reversible counters 18 and 19, respectively, block 20 comparison codes of the first, second, third and fourth triggers 21-24, respectively, of the generator 25 pulses of the reference frequency, the square driver 26, the extra delay block 27 containing a resistor 28 and a capacitor 29, and has four inputs 30-33 and one output 34. The device works as follows. When a frame and line sync pulses arrive at the control unit 1, it generates a trigger pulse, which enters the next gating block B, and, at the command of the trigger pulse, selects the measured video pulses, the edges of which are calibrated by the reference frequency, are formed by one element. The calibrated video pulses are fed to the measuring counter 3 to the other input of which a horizontal sync pulse is also fed. The signal from the measuring counter 3 is fed to the digital display unit 4, where a signal is generated that passes the OR element 5, goes to the video control unit 2. In addition, the video control unit 2 receives the signals (video signal) and the signal as the light of the touch line repeated on several lines. This stroke operator sets on the measured object. The essence of digital tracking is explained using the graph in FIG. 3, where the dot means the moment of occurrence, on the delayed signal line, the Beginning, Ending, Upper Saddle, Lower Saddle in the analysis of adjacent lines fastened with an arrow; codes formed in reversible counters 18 and 19 (FIG. 2) are displayed as a fraction, where the numerator is the number of pulses in the first reversing counter 18, the denominator is the number of pulses in the second reversing counter 19. Before the trigger pulse arrives from the control unit 1, the reversing counters 18 and 19 are recorded on leading fronts, video pulses delayed for a period, appearing on a horizontal scan when objects are intersected, and Start, End of objects pulses. If, before the end of the start line, the pulse (in Fig. 3 shown as) does not appear, the horizontal sync pulse sets the counters fe to the zero position. In addition, the signal of equality of codes in reversible counters is blocked by element I until a triggering pulse appears. After the arrival of this impulse in one of the reversing counters 18, the AND element remains at 3, the second reversal counter 19 is set to zero position. On the next line, the reversible counter 18, in which the number 3 is fixed, does not receive video pulses, only the Beginning or End of Objects passes to the last one, the reversing counter 19 operates as before. Therefore, with the arrival of the first video pulse of the subsequent line in the first reversing counter 18, the number 3 remains, in the reversing counter 19 it is recorded 1, on the trailing edge of the same video pulse from both reversing counters is subtracted by one pulse, as the object on the next line ends, resulting in codes are formed in the reverse meters, then the - codes appear similarly, the next time the Low saddle signal appears, and in both reverse meters the single pulse is entered. The latter is done because on the subsequent line this video pulse is split in two. When a signal appears, the Upper saddle from both reversible counters, on the contrary, is subtracted by one pulse (object 3 in Fig. 3). With the front edge of the measured section in reversible counters, the codes | (- | -) coincide, block 20 of the code comparison generates a strobe to measure this video signal. On the following lines, similar operations take place, you should pay attention to the penultimate line, where the measured object ends: the first reversing counter 18 leaves the previous line with the number 4, therefore on the leading edge of the first video impulse, codes are formed on the reverse edge - | - since one of the two impulses is subtracted from both reversible counters. Ending, later the codes W T T are formed similarly, the measuring section ends in this strobe, the signal is received. ory unit 6 returns to its original state. Thus, alternately, when each line is scanned, the video pulse is measured, the leading and trailing edges of which are formed by one element, which eliminates the distortion of its duration and eliminates the error introduced by the block 6 of the next gating. . The frame sync pulse sets at output Q of the fourth trigger 24 a logical 1, which arrives at elements 10 and 13 and allows delayed video to pass to the +1 input of the reversing counter 18 and the horizontal sync pulse to the input R of the same reversible counter. The output Q from the fourth trigger 24 with its logical O blocks the code comparison block 20. Following the vertical horizontal sync pulse, sets the reversible counters to zero position

18 and 19, at the output of the third flip-flop 23, it sets 1, thereby allowing all types of signals to be received at the inputs +1 and -1 of the reversing counter 18, namely: pulses The beginning of the object vertically, the bottom saddle at: input +1, and the pulses object vertically, upper saddle - to the input -1. (Accounting for objects of upper and lower saddles (Fig. 3) is necessary to protect against digital gating failures).

Prior to the occurrence of a trigger pulse from the control unit 1, the reversible counters 18 and 19 record the same number of pulses arising from the beginning of the delayed row. The output of the code comparison block 20 is blocked by the Q output of the fourth flip-flop 24. After the arrival of a triggering pulse, the Q output of the fourth flip-flop 24 causes logical 1, which allows the signal from block 20 to pass through the AND-OR-HE element 15, prohibiting the passage to the end of the line pulses Start at the entrance +1 of the reversing counter 18. On the trailing edge of the strobe, the third trigger 23 changes its state, and sending its signals to both AND-OR-NOT 15 and 16 elements, prohibits all pulses from being passed through to the end of the line. counter 18. In addition, four first flip-flop 24 to its Q output delayed video signal blocks the passage through the AND gate 10 in the up-down counter 18 at all times measuring object. As a result of these operations, the previously recorded number of pulses is recorded in the reversible counter 18.

On the next line, the third trigger 23 is reset to the starting position by solving the horizontal sync pulse, allowing the signals to go to the reversing counter 18 (except for the delayed video signal); reversible counter 19 to the zero position, which starts counting all types of pulses from zero. When the numbers are matched, a strobe is generated that permits the passage of the measured video pulse through the first element AND 8 to the measuring counter 3 (Fig. 1). The fixation of the previously recorded pulses in the reverse counter 18 is carried out in a similar way as after the arrival of the transient pulse.

At the end of the object being measured, a pulse arrives at the strobe. The end of these signals, which hit the inputs of the seventh And 14, returns the fourth trigger 24 to its original state, preparing the unit for the next measurement.

Thus, the reliability of the television workstation and the measurement accuracy of the individual

objects that are randomly located among others and having various outlines become significantly higher, since they are determined only by the accuracy and reliability of the method used for counting reference pulses during the sweep time of the measured section.

Claims (1)

1. USSR author's certificate 0 253125, class H 04 N 7/02, 1966 (prototype). i7 edfloSut but .2S Nat / L Ih r Di Akaliga / t eudeocusMOuil J T-I --33-JTi- - Ik Jfiacif / ui, Sed / Yueina ten n 1b Yu five t L. t itis neither W at B 25 No.