SU858723A1 - Method of electrohydrothermic treatment of fodder material - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to methods for the production of feed for ruminants.

The processing of coarse grains before feeding is carried out in order to increase the fertility of starch contained in the grain, as well as to increase the protein value of the grain by introducing nitrogen-containing chemicals into the feed.

I. a method of treating grain for feed is known, including wetting and roasting the grain, the grain being moistened with steam temperature; 99.9 - within 8–10 minutes to a moisture content of 20–25%, and roasting will be heated at 280–300 ° C for 8–10 minutes before the {1.

The method is inefficient, it requires more power to destroy the endosperm. Equipment for moistening grain with steam is expensive and also requires a lot of energy. In addition, the effect of high t-temperature for 8-10 minutes impairs the quality of the feed, as much of the nutrients (irreplaceable amic acids, vitilins, etc.) are lost.

There is also known a method for processing feed, in particular straw cutting, which includes wetting the cutting with a solution of soda ash with a concentration of 1-3% de wetting level 75-200%, sealing in the electrode chamber and heating by passing an alternating electric current with a field strength of 0.7- 1 V / cm 2.

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Significant disadvantages of this method are its long duration (2.5-3 hours) and high energy consumption exceeding 150 kWh of electricity per ton of dry matter.

15 straw.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce processing time and reduce energy consumption.

The goal is achieved

Moreover, in the method of electro-thermal treatment of materials, mainly fodder grain, including its wetting with an aqueous solution of a chemical reagent, compaction and electric current, the grain is subjected to an electric current with a electric field strength of 0.5-16 V / cm, before compaction, the grain is subjected to conditioning, and the subsequent exposure to an electric current is carried out at an electric field strength of 15-50 V / cm.

Salt and urea are used as reagents for the cleansing chemical solution, which increases the protein value of the forage feed.

Moistening the grain in an electric field with a solution of a chemical reagent reduces the removal time and at the same time increases the temperature of the material being processed, which leads to a reduction in the heat treatment time, as well as to a decrease in the energy intensity of the process Pkitseni.

As a result of flattening the feed material (grain), flakes are produced. which reach readiness in the process of heat treatment much faster than whole grains. In this case, the heterogeneous system becomes more homogeneous, which creates favorable conditions for the treatment with electric current,

The method is carried out as follows.

The grain is loaded into a humidification chamber, in which, in the process of moistening vodn4 pacTBOpcw of urea and sodium chloride, it is treated with an electric current with a hard floor of 5 V / cm for 10 minutes. The temperature of the grain reaches 20 ° Cf while the humidity, taking into account the surface moisture, is 25%. Then the grain is passed between the plc rollers and the resulting mass in the form of thin flakes with the help of a screw is fed into the electrode chamber (with a three-phase system of electrodes.) An alternating voltage is applied to the electrodes

50 Hz and electric field strength of 30 V / cm. In the electrode chamber, the feed material is treated for 3 minutes, and at the end of the treatment the temperature does not exceed 90 ° C.

The obtained feed directly after cooling can be fed to animals, in addition, it can be easily granulated, briquetted and, after drying, can be fed to long-term storage.

The data characterizing the processing time, energy consumption and quality of feed, are summarized in Table. 1 and 2.

Technical and economic indicators of methods for processing feed grain are given in table. one.

The degree of change of polysaccharides of coarse grains as a result of processing is given in table. 2

The high intensity of the field created by heat treatment by electric current ensures that a high density current flows through the mass of the product being processed, thereby greatly intensifying the heat treatment process, which leads to deeper gelatinization of the starch of the grain; significant acceleration of electrochemical reactions; Increasing the reactivity of molecules of the chemical moistening solution.

The volumetric input of energy carried out by the flow of electric current through the mass allows uniformly intensive heating of the material and reduces the final treatment temperature to 80-90 ° C, which significantly improves the quality of the processed feed.

Table

Brem processing, h.

Energy intensity, GJ

Degree of polymerization

Reducing sugar,%

dry matter

Labor costs

people h / t

Economic effect,

rub./t0, 05 - 0.1 - 1.0 167

6.33

3.4

6.2

Original product

Low pressure steam treatment for 15 minutes

Electrohydrothermal treatment for 2 minutes at 80 ° C

Claims (2)

1. USSR author's certificate 575079, cl. A 23 K 1/00, 1975. 2. Gayduk V.N. Electric processing of roughage. Electronica 1973, 5, material processing c. 81-83.