SU845168A1 - Telemetering system - Google Patents

Description

one

The proposed device belongs to the telemetry area and can be used to transmit messages over wire lines, wave guides, radio links, and the like.

Adaptive telemetric systems are known that automatically redistribute the bandwidth of a communication channel between individual sources, taking into account the current bandwidths of their spectrum.

A known radio telemetry system with adaptive circuit switching, comprising successively connected adaptive switch (AK /, error analyzer (AP), measurement unit and coding device. The first additional AK output is connected to the auxiliary input of the encoder, and the second additional AK output to the output of the output unit measurements, the additional output of which is connected to the auxiliary input AK, and the inputs AK connected to the input system In this system, N input signals to 11) They are connected to the N inputs of the adaptive switch in which the approximation is performed.

continuous signals (t) (for example, using algebraic polynomials). For each of the N parameters, the approximation errors are calculated €, ..., Е „. The UA determines the channel for which the errors at the moment have a maximum value compared to the errors of other parameters. The measurement output unit selects the parameter, the readout of which is to be transferred to the encoder. Further encoded and assigned to it. The issuance of important parameters reads through

15 equal time intervals.

The disadvantage of such a system can be attributed to the need to transfer address information, the speed of performance and the complexity of the technical implementation.

Non-adherent systems with channel separation in time are known for various types of modulation of channel signals (AIM, FIM, CMM, etc.).

25

The closest to the invention is a multichannel system with time division channels, containing N channels, and in each channel is a key whose input is connected to the system input, the output of each of the N keys is connected to the corresponding input of the adder, serially connected clock generator , pulse distributor and driver of clock pulses, the output of which is connected to the auxiliary input of the adder. Other outputs of the pulse distributor are connected to the control inputs of the corresponding keys, the output of the adder is connected via a communication channel to the input of the clock selector and the measuring inputs N of the key. The output of each of the keys through the demodulator is connected to the corresponding output of the system. The output of the sync pulse selector is connected to the generator input of synchronizing pulses, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the corresponding keys f27.

The pulses of the clock generator are fed to the distributor, at the outputs of which, in turn, pulses appear that close the corresponding key and connect the system input to the adder. At the input of the adder, a sequence of amplitude modulated measuring pulses of all channels plus a sync pulse is generated. Depending on the communication line, the PAM signal may be converted into CMM signals, etc. At the receiving side of the group PAM signal, the keys are divided into N channel signals, which in demodulators (memory blocks) are converted into analog signals necessary for the consumer. The synchronous operation of the keys of the receiving and transmitting parts of the system is ensured by the selector of clock pulses and the generator of clock pulses.

The disadvantage of this system is low accuracy of operation, since in order to reduce the approximation error it is necessary to choose the sampling frequency in accordance with the extreme dynamism of the parameters, which dramatically increases the flow rate of the transmitted communication channel capacity.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of tele-measurement of an ensemble of independent input signals. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known tele-measurement system, which contains a clock pulse generator on the transmitting side, the output of which is connected to the input of the pulse distributor, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the accumulator through the driver of the sync pulses and in each information channel the second input of the adder, the output of which is connected to the communication channel, on the receiving side is a clock selector, the output of which is connected via the clock generator Inen with the impulse distributor input and in each information channel - serially connected key and unit, the first inputs of the keys of all information channels are combined with the input of the sync pulse selector and connected to the communication channel, the second inputs of the keys are connected to the corresponding impulse distributor outputs, put into to the transmitting side, the Walsh direct orthogonal transform unit and to each information channel, a memory and difference unit and an adder, the output of which is connected to the key input, the first input is from the output House unit memory and the difference. The second outputs distribute the pulses connected to the first inputs of the corresponding blocks of the units and the difference. The inputs of the direct Walsh orthogonal transform unit are connected to the system inputs, the outputs are connected to the combined second inputs of the memory unit and the difference and the adder of the corresponding information channel. At the receiving side, a Walsh inverse orthogonal transform unit is inserted, the inputs of which are connected to the output of the memory blocks of the corresponding information channels, the outputs to the system outputs.

Due to this, the Walsh-converted signals, summed with a part of the approximation error at the time of the count, are transmitted to the communication channel. On the receive side, the zero-extrapolated signals are re-converted according to the Walsh matrix, and the approximation errors are summed up so that the smallest total approximation error appears in the most dynamic channels.

The structural scheme of the proposed system is shown in the drawing.

The telemetering system contains on the transmitting side in each information channel 1 adder 2, block 3 of memory and difference and key 4, as well as adder 5, generator of 6 clocks, distributor 7 of pulses, driver of sync pulses, block 9 of direct orthogonal Holsh transform on the receiving side, in each information channel 10, a key 11 and a memory unit 12, as well as a Walsh inverse orthogonal transformation unit 13, a clock pulse generator 14, a pulse distributor 15, a clock selector 16 and a channel 17 connection.

Claims (2)

Block 9 serves for a continuous linear Wonsh orthonormal transformation of an ensemble of independent inputs of continuous input signals X (t) transformed ensemble ((t) {t; where W is an N-ro Walsh matrix of the order. for example, based on N-input adders by the number of channels. The transmission coefficient for each input of adders corresponds to the value of the element of the Walsh matrix (± 1) divided by YU.G. Block 3 serves to memorize the value at the reference point and calculate the difference between the stored value signal its current value. Memorization takes place on the trailing edge of the pulse. Logic signal 1 at the first (control) input of the block (an example of the technical implementation of the BPRZ is given in the collection of articles 4LETI call, issue 133, Leningrad, 1973, p. 86). 4 and 11 are designed to transmit the input measurement signal to the output without distortion when there is a logical unit on the control input. Adders 2 and 5 are designed to add the input signals and can be implemented on the basis of operational amplifiers. Generators 6 and 14 are used to generate a periodic pulse train. The generator 14 has an input for adjusting the phase frequency of the oscillations generated. Distributors 7 and 15, as the input pulses arrive, form signal 1 alternately at each of their outputs. The imaging unit 8 is used to form the clock pulses. The communication channel 7 serves to convert the input signal into a convenient signal for transmission to the distance along the communication line and extract the group signal from the communication line. The selector 6 serves to separate the sync pulses from the group PAM signal. The memory blocks 12 serve to restore the continuous signal and the samples (samples). With zero interpolation, for example, the storage unit 12 may simply be an analog storage element (in particular, based on a capacitor). Block 13 is used for continuous Walsh transform of an ensemble of signals C (t) to ensemble y (ti (t), where N is the number of information channels. For Walsh matrices, the transposed matrix w completely coincides with W. The proposed system works as follows. Block 9 is continuous time produces a linear orthogonal transformation of an ensemble of independent input signals 7 (t) into an ensemble C (t) (t). In each channel, the block and the difference 3 continuously outputs an approximation error signal based on zero extrapolation 6 (t) C (t) - C (t,) where the moment of the last reading. At the time of the next reading t, - the error (t) with a weight -j is summed by €. with the value С U, -). As a result, from the output of block 3, a countdown y (t, -) s (tij + 1/2 / C () C (t)) comes. Due to this, the approximation error at the receiving side becomes alternating on the approximation interval (for zero interpolation J. The generator 6 pulses are fed to the valve 7, the outputs of which, in turn, appear the signals that control the operation of block 3 and close the corresponding key 4, connecting output of adder 2 to adder 5. At the output of adder 5, a sequence of amplitude-modulated measurement pulses of all channels plus a sync pulse, i.e. a group PIM signal, is received to the communication channel 17. At the receiving side, the recovered group PAM is divided by keys 11 into N channel signals (discrete sequences), which in memory blocks 12 are converted into analog signals C (t J based on zero extrapolation (without time delay). ), but with an approximation error on an interval close in character to the error with symmetric zero interpolation. Next, in block 13, ensemble C (t) is converted into ensemble X (t ;. At the same time, it turns out that the approximation errors are the smallest in those signals (t), which are currently the most dynamic in the ensemble of telemetry signals. This happens because in the proposed system, the signals are not directly sampled and approximated on the basis of zero extrapolations (biases). (t), and the signals obtained by using the Walsh transform (t), as a result of which the errors of approximation of signals with it) depend on the errors of approximation of signals with C) as follows x (t) x (ib t; NW (t) -X (t) HNVrc (i) 4rc (t) Jx (, (tj, i.e., the approximation error of all C signals.; (b) in accordance with the matrix line w 4. (t), (ti) e. (t i. J + -I Studies show that for alternating errors of approximation (including for zero extrapolation with bias) v errors of €, j (t / due to mutual crippling are summed up in such a way that compensates for each other in channels with the most dynamic signals (:). The magnitude of the gain in accuracy depends on the magnitude of the load factor K. The relative number of dynamic signals in the ensemble X (t //, in particular, when (only one of the signals X (t) is not alternately equal to the zero and relatively large N () gain in the variance of the maximum approximation error in the interval is N times. For another extreme, the K 1 load factor (all signals X (stationary independent random processes) the variance gain em 4 times. Thus, in the proposed system, with the same bandwidth of the communication channel as the prototype, a significant gain in the accuracy of telemetry is achieved without delay in the transmission of information. The invention The telemetering system contains on the transmitting side a clock pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the input of a pulse distributor, the first output of which is connected through a synchromesh 9msov shaper to the first input of the summatord and in each information channel, the output of which is connected to the corresponding second input sum of the torus, the output of which is connected to the communication channel, on the receiving side of the clock selector, the output of which through the clock generator is connected to the input of the distribution Pulse solvers and Bi of each information channel are sequentially connected key and memory block, the first inputs of the keys of all information channels are combined with the input of the sync pulse selector and connected to the communication channel, the second inputs of the keys are connected to the corresponding outputs of the pulse distributor, characterized in that In order to increase the accuracy of telemetry, a direct orthogonal Walsh transform block is inserted into the system on the transmitting side, and into each information channel, a memory block and a difference and an adder, the stroke of which is connected to the key input, the first input to the output of the memory unit and the difference, the second outputs of the pulse distributor are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding memory blocks and differences, the inputs of the direct Walsh orthogonal transformation unit are connected to the system inputs, the outputs to the combined the second inputs of the memory unit and the difference and the adder of the corresponding information channel; on the receiving side, a reverse Wescho orthogonal transformation unit is inserted, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the memory blocks relevant information channels, outputs - with the output of the system. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. RT Safarov. and others. Radio telemetry. 1973, p. 1., p. 190, Figure 6.12, 2. Bare N.N. and Ignatov V.А., Multi-channel Information Transmission Systems. M., Knowledge, 1974, p. 22-24, Fig. b (prototype).