SU831728A1

SU831728A1 - Method of producing porous granulated ammonium nitrate

Info

Publication number: SU831728A1
Application number: SU782589012A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Николай Николаевич Поляков; Валерия Николаевна Невская; Анастасия Николаевна Мухина; Шорик Амбарцумович Аракелян; Иван Григорьевич Наумов; Саша Гургенович Багдасарян; Любовь Афанасьевна Гладун
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я Р-6603
Priority date: 1978-03-06
Filing date: 1978-03-06
Publication date: 1981-05-23

Description

Изобретение относится к способам' получения пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитры, являющейся основой для приготовления простейших взрывчатых веществ.The invention relates to methods for producing porous granular ammonium nitrate, which is the basis for the preparation of simple explosives.

Известен способ получения· пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитры путем сушки раствора нитрата аммония с концентрацией 80-83% в грануляторе с псевдоожиженным слоем при температуре сушильного агента 130-140°С и температуре слоя 80-90°С В.] .A known method of producing a porous granular ammonium nitrate by drying a solution of ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 80-83% in a fluidized bed granulator at a temperature of a drying agent of 130-140 ° C and a temperature of a layer of 80-90 ° C B.].

Недостатком этого способа является то, что получаемый продукт обладает недостаточно высокой впитывающей 15 способностью.The disadvantage of this method is that the resulting product does not have a sufficiently high absorbency 15.

Известен также способ получения пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитры путем введения в раствор нитрата аммония с концентрацией 20There is also a method of producing porous granular ammonium nitrate by introducing a solution of ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 20

60-80%, добавки сульфата аммония в’количестве 0,3-0,8%, с последующим упариванием раствора, введением в расплав веществ, способствующих образованию пористых структур в коли- честве 0,2-0,5 вес.% и его гранулированием [2] .60-80%, the addition of ammonium sulfate in the amount of 0.3-0.8%, followed by evaporation of the solution, the introduction of substances contributing to the formation of porous structures in the amount of 0.2-0.5 wt.% And its granulation [2].

Недостаток этого способа состоит в сложности процесса, обусловленной -необходимостью упаривания раствора 30 и введения в расплав порообразующих веществ.The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the process, due to the need for evaporation of the solution 30 and the introduction of pore-forming substances into the melt.

Кроме того, полученные гранулы обладают недостаточно высокой прочностью, составляющей 400 г/гранулу.In addition, the obtained granules have insufficiently high strength of 400 g / granule.

Целью изобретения является упрощение процесса и повышение прочности гранул продукта.The aim of the invention is to simplify the process and increase the strength of the granules of the product.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в известном способе получения пористой гранулированной аммиачной селитры, включающем введение в раствор нитрата аммония с концентрацией 65-80% добавки сульфата.аммония й последующую переработку раствора в готовый продукт, добавку сульфата аммония вводят в количестве 0,1-0,25% от веса нитрата аммония, после чего раствор подвергают гранулированию в псевдоожиженном слое.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method for producing porous granular ammonium nitrate, which includes introducing a solution of ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 65-80% of an additive of sulfate. , 25% by weight of ammonium nitrate, after which the solution is subjected to granulation in a fluidized bed.

При этом гранулирование раствора в псевдоожиженном слое осуществляют при температуре 85-95°С.In this case, the granulation of the solution in the fluidized bed is carried out at a temperature of 85-95 ° C.

В результате отпадает необходимость в упаривании раствора нитрата аммония и введении в расплав перед гранулированием порообразующих добавок. Кроме того, прочность гранул 1аммиачной селитры повышается до. (800-880 г/гранулу.As a result, there is no need to evaporate a solution of ammonium nitrate and introduce pore-forming additives into the melt before granulation. In addition, the strength of the granules of ammonium nitrate increases to. (800-880 g / granule.

Пример. В раствор нитрата 'аммония с концентрацией 65-80% вводят добавку сульфата аммония в количестве 0,1-0,25%, после чего раствор гранулируют сушкой в грануляторе с псевдоожиженным слоем·при температуре слоя 90°C.Example. In the solution of ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 65-80%, an addition of ammonium sulfate in an amount of 0.1-0.25% is introduced, after which the solution is granulated by drying in a fluidized bed granulator · at a temperature of 90 ° C.

Качественные характеристики полуденного продукта представлены в таблице. =Показатели качества продуктаQualitative characteristics of the midday product are presented in the table. = Product Quality Indicators

Добавка (мн₄ )_г so₄, %Additive (pls ₄ ) _g so ₄ ,%

ΞΞΙ’ϊϊΞΞΙ’ϊϊ

а) Концентрация раствора 80%a) The concentration of the solution is 80%

Впитывающая способностьAbsorbency

г/100 г g / 100 g 9,5 9.5 9,8 9.8 Содержание фракций 1мм в продукте после гранулятора, % The content of fractions of 1 mm in the product after the granulator,% 59,0 59.0 50,0 50,0 Содержание влаги, % Moisture contents, % 0,11 0.11 0,1 0.1 Прочность гранул, г/гранулу The strength of the granules, g / granule 830 830 850 850 б) Концентрация b) concentration раствора solution

3%3%

Впитывающая способность, г/100 г Absorbency, g / 100 g 1^,0 1 ^, 0 11,8 11.8 35 35 Содержание фракций 1 мм в продукте, % Fraction Content 1 mm in the product,% 60,0 60.0 42,0’ 42.0 ’ Содержание влаги, % Moisture contents, % 0 ,17 0, 17 0,2 0.2 Прочность гранул, г/гранулу The strength of the granules, g / granule 850 850 880 880 40 40

Продолжение табл.Continuation of the table.

Показатели качества продукта Product Quality Indicators Добавка (nh₄)_zso₄,%Additive (nh ₄ ) _z so ₄ ,% 0,1 0.1 lo, 2 lo, 2 в) Концентрация раствора 65% c) The concentration of the solution is 65% Впитывающая способность, г/100 г Absorbency, g / 100 g 14,0 14.0 14,8 14.8 Содержание фракций 1 мм в продукте, % Fraction Content 1 mm in the product,% 53,0 53.0 38,0 . 38.0. Содержание влаги, % Moisture contents, % 0,25 0.25 0,22 0.22 Прочность гранул, г/гранулу The strength of the granules, g / granule 800 800 870 870

Claims

The invention relates to methods for producing porous granulated ammonium nitrate, which is the basis for the preparation of simple explosives. A method is known for producing porous granulated ammonium nitrate by drying an ammonium nitrate solution with a concentration of 80-83% in a fluidized bed granulator at a drying agent temperature of 130-140 ° C and a layer temperature of 80-90 ° C V. The disadvantage of this method is The fact that the resulting product does not have sufficiently high absorbency. There is also known a method of producing porous granulated ammonium nitrate by introducing ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 60-80% into the solution, adding ammonium sulfate in the amount of 0.3-0.8%, followed by evaporation of the solution, and introducing into the melting of substances that contribute to the formation of porous structures in the amount of 0.2-0.5 wt.% and its granulation 2. The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the process, due to the need to evaporate the solution and introduce pore-forming substances into the melt. . In addition, the resulting granules do not have a sufficiently high strength of 400 g / granule. The aim of the invention is to simplify the process and increase the strength of the product granules. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a known method of producing porous granulated ammonium nitrate, including the introduction of ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 65-80% ammonium sulfate into the solution and the subsequent processing of the solution into the finished product, the ammonium sulfate is added in 0.1 -0.25% by weight of ammonium nitrate, after which the solution is subjected to granulation in the fluidized bed. At the same time, granulation of the solution in the fluidized bed is carried out at a temperature of 8.5-95 ° C. As a result, there is no need to evaporate the ammonium nitrate solution and add it to the melt before granulating the pore-forming additives. In addition, the strength of ammonium nitrate granules is increased to 800-880 g / granule. EXAMPLE Into a solution of ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 65-80%, injecting ammonium sulfate in an amount of 0.1-0.25%, after which the solution is granulated by drying in a granulator with a liquified bed at a bed temperature. The qualitative characteristics of the full product are presented in the table. Additive Quality indicators for (NH) product 0.1 j 0, al Solution concentration 80% Absorbency 9.59 g / 100 g Fraction content 1mm in the product after 59.050 granulator,% 0.110 Moisture content,% Granule strength, 8308 g / granule b) Solution concentration 73% - Absorbency, Q q 11 g / 100 g Fraction content 1 mm in product,% Moisture content,% Granule strength, 850 8 g / granule Continued Ta6ji. c) Solution concentration 65% Absorption capacity, g / 100 g 14.0 14.8 Fraction content 1 mm in product,% 53.0 38.0 Moisture content,% 0.25 0.22 Durability of granules, g / granules y800 870 Claim 1. Method of obtaining porous granulated ammonium nitrate, including introduction into the solution of ammonium nitrate with a concentration of 65-80% of the additive ammonium sulfate and the subsequent processing of the solution in the finished product, characterized in that, in order to simplify the process and increase the strength of the granules of the product, adding ammonium sulfate is introduced in an amount of 0.1-0.5% by weight ammonium nitrate, after which the solution is subjected to granulation in the fluidized bed. 2. The method according to claim 1, is also distinguished by the fact that the granulation of the solution in the fluidized bed is carried out at a temperature of 85-95 ° C. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1.Sb. Hydrodynamics, heat mass transfer in a fluidized bed Ivanovo, 1971, p. 131-142.

2. Patent Czechoslovakia I 140240, cl. 12 K 1/18, 1971 (prototype).