SU60192A1 - The way of soaking and zolki wet with salted leather raw materials - Google Patents

Description

M, 3. Gelfgat, B.I. Gri. The method of soaking AND GRAINS is wet. July 1940 For about 10 Publication. To speed up the soaking of wet-salted ooichio raw materials, Xa.S., HOHON, Ca (OH) is used. or smachkvauzhtsie substances. However, all these means remained unsatisfactory. It has been established that with the use of slimes, even at very low concentrations, water penetrates only into the outer layers of the skin, which entails an excessive irrigation of the inlet and insufficient irrigation of the inner layers of the skin. This circumstance entails a suffocation in the finished product. Wetting substances such as organic alkalis act more gently, but in a number of countries, the cause of POC has not been widely applied. In addition, there are indications in the literature that the desired solutions do not penetrate the fine structure of collagen. Beneficially neutral electrolytes differ from alkalis. The effect of neutral electrolyte solutions on collagen has been repeatedly studied and their peptizing, but not hydrolyzing effect on collagen has been established. Already in 1922-1923. Laughlin pointed out that salt solutions are 3 Iches and A. A. Averbukh. Sphia deer leather in the NKLP for L 3454. I | - L, 4G: -r, May 1941. I GE-: g: - -L. . have the ability to enhance the swelling of the skins in aqueous solutions. He also proposed the use of 1050s of salt solutions for soaking fresh dry and sun-burnt raw materials. In 1938, Plis carried out work on finding;: the best way to soak fresh-dry raw materials. Supplements of 10% sodium chloride and 0.25% Xa, S, or 10% cooking-salt and 0.1-per-samic acid sodium, etc. were used. At the same time, it was observed that pre-washing in concentrated salt solutions entails poor convergence of the wool when peeling and getting loose skin in the finished product. Also known is the washing of wet salt skins in the presence of boiled salt. The authors have developed a method of soaking and dries of wet-salted leather raw materials using the above-mentioned properties of neutral electrolytes, leading to a new result and eliminating the above-described disadvantages of the old methods. The experiments conducted by the authors

confirmed that after salting, removal of the epidermis and gneist takes place perfectly; To the extent that, at the same time, for i skins of an ally, having passed through a salt i flush after amazi, a considerable straightening of this 10th layer is obtained. In addition, the experiments carried out showed that the pre-washing of the wet-salted raw materials in a bar — running on running water — results in extremely undesirable consequences for the saboi. In this case swelling; concentrates in saline solution; c in the outer layers and does not pass into the inner layers of the skins.

In addition, it was confirmed that the peptizylusha is strong, its action of salt solutions does indeed accelerate the flow, but the finished product is often obtained too loose I

and REDUCING:

in order to reduce the peptizing effect of table salt in the waste, the authors applied up-; a bank of calcium chloride, which in itself acts strongly lazy; In a tizing way, but in a mixture with, table salt acts in the opposite direction.

In the row with the beneficial effect of neutral electrolytes in the sense of accelerating soaking, it is also necessary to indicate their ability to dissolve the ballast proteins in the skin.

As a result of the study of the microstructure of the skin of the show "o", that in the salt whitewash, the fiber bundles are subjected to wrinkling without much change in the plexus angle, which cannot be achieved in silk soaps.

All these ethnical circumstances in the place taken make it quite possible to use neutral electrolytes in the washing.

The soaking of the software of the proposed method is carried out in such a way that at the beginning of the soaking no washing of the raw material in water is performed. The skins are directly loaded into a solution of sodium chloride 25-50 g / l + 3-5 g / l calcium chloride. In such a solution, a degree of aquedulence is required for fine hides in

for 3-4 hours, for cr. mpn for 6-9 hours. At the end of this, the skins are skinned and transferred for washing B water (non-flowing) for 30-50 minutes so that no more than 1-2% of salt is left in the skin.

Depending on the size of the skins, different concentrations of table salt are used. The higher the salt concentration in the range of 25-50 g / l, the greater the swelling. Therefore, for larger raw materials, a higher concentration of table salt is needed.

As for gold, the acceleration of ash processes is usually achieved in various ways. However, this issue is still not fully resolved.

One of the ways to accelerate the ashing of hides dehydrated by smearing-OE is the use of sulphide ash pads of higher concentrations in mobile equipment. This often results in significant facial straightening and inadequate treatment of the inner layers of the mole.

When the temperature rises to 30-35 face stresses, it can be avoided, however; the work in practice has shown that, under conditions of elevated temperatures, very precise observance of the established optimum temperature regime is required. Otherwise, skin is often too loose. In this connection, the following 5-th method of soaked grades is proposed for the above described raw material method.

After spreading, the charcoal is loaded into a solution of blue sodium 1-2 g / l at 20-22 and g. v. 1: 3 in movable a-equipment. After 1 hour after loading, calcium chloride is given 3–8 g / l. After 3 hours, the addition of Ha. 5 to 3 g / l (total amount of g alkaline bath) is made. The launch of the launch is carried out every hour for 3-5 minutes. The total time of ashing for small pelts of salt preparation is 4–5 hours, for more than 7–9 hours.

Sulfide ash pits, with the addition of calcium chloride, have long been known, and the wool was not preserved. The disadvantages and advantages of this method of ash are as follows. The addition of calcium chloride to sulphide solutions entails a decrease in alkalinity, and as a result, an ash is obtained under pressure and, as a result, alkali penetrates rapidly into the inner layers of the tar.

In the meantime, with low alkalinity, the enidermal layer is completely insufficiently treated and the gneist is insufficiently dissolved.

This circumstance entails a sharp decrease in the yield of colored goods and an increase in grayness.

With the proposed method of operation, these disadvantages are avoided, since the face treatment is strongest during the first hour of the ash, "when calcium chloride is not present in the solution. The addition of calcium chloride one hour after the beginning of ash is a specific feature of the method.

An example (oyek).

Weight 1000 kg.

1. Soaking. Waters 3000 lt 20 °, salts - 75 kg, calcium chloride

9 kg. Time 4 hours with rotation every hour for 3-5 minutes.

2. The milling and trimming of the knobs.

3. Flushing (water 3000 l t 20 °) for 45 minutes.

4. Sheathing. Smeared and whipping wool.

5. Zolka. Water 3000 l t 20, XaoS - 1 g / l. Unwashed castrel is cast on this liquid.

After 1 hour, 3 g / l of calcium chloride is obtained. After 3 hours, 1.5 g / l of sodium sulphate is given. Rotate every hour for 3 minutes. Zolka time 4-5 hours.

6. Fermenting and cleansing the face. The remaining operations are normal.

The subject matter of the invention.

The method of soaking and grains of mokosaline tanning raw materials using powdered salt in the suction, and in zolka Xa., S and CaCL, characterized in that, the salted raw material is loaded directly into the master bath containing NaCI and CaCL, then washed , de-anesthetize in the usual way, and produce roasting ash, first with Na.; S, and then with a mixture of Xa., S and CaCl.,.