SU433502A1 - DEVICE FOR CALCULATING THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN IN FOOD PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to computing and is intended to automatically calculate the determination of the body's need for baby food products. Such devices are not currently cyni, they exist and in practice these works are carried out manually. The purpose of the invention is to automatically determine the nutrient requirements of the child's body (proteins, carbohydrates, fats) depending on the child's weight at birth and age and the required amount of food products for the daily diet calculated by the need for nutrients. In the proposed device, the master oscillator is connected to the control inputs of three modulators, the control input of the fourth modulator is connected to the output of the third modulator, the operating potentials of the potentiometers are connected to the working inputs of the modulators, the output of the first modulator is directly connected, and the third and fourth - through the first OR circuit - to the inputs of the first AND circuit, to the output of which four amplitude limiters are connected, their outputs are connected through the appropriate integrators of the first group to the same inputs of four indicators at; the other inputs of the indicators are connected to the corresponding outputs of the integrators of the second group, the input of each of them is connected to the output of the corresponding OR circuit, and the inputs of the OR circuit are connected via amplitude limiters to the outputs of the first group of modulators, and the control input of the first one is connected to the master oscillator, and the control inputs of the others are connected in series with the output of the previous modulator, and the potentiometers of the setting potentiometers are connected to the working inputs of the modulators; to the correction inputs of the integrators of both groups are connected via the contact groups of two relays the outputs of four additional OR circuits, to the inputs of which the outputs of the second group of modulators are connected via the limiters A. amplitudes; the output of the second modulator is connected to the input of the inverter and to the input of the second AND circuit, the output of the first OR circuit is connected to the input of another inverter and the third AND circuit, and the outputs of both AND circuits are connected to the windings of the corresponding relays, as well as to the inputs of the second OR circuit, the output of which through the amplitude limiter and the integrator is connected to the master potentiometers of the correction circuits. The drawing shows a block diagram of the device. The device consists of a master oscillator 1, a unit for calculating the need of the child B for nutritional ingredients, including

Ri-Ra setpoint potentiometers, pulse width modulators 2–5, logic circuit OR 6, logic circuit 7, amplitude limiters 8–11, and integrators 12–15; node of installations of assignment of food products, including setting potentiometers pulse-width modulators 16-23 with amplitude limiters, logic circuits OR 24-27 and integrators 28-31; indicators 32-35 and a correction node, which includes setting potentiometers RIZ-Ri9, pulse-width modulators 36-43 with amplitude limiters, logic circuits OR 44-47, .inverters 48, 49, logic circuits And 50, 51: OR 52, amplitude limiter 53, integrator 54 and relay 55, 56.

The device works as follows.

In practice, the purpose of feeding the child is made according to the needs of the child in the nutrient ingredients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates) according to the formula

B ,, + B, (1)

where i is the prescribed amount of the ingredient (example of proteins) in grams;

B - the amount of protein received by the child in grams;

b - the child's need for proteins PA 1 kg of weight with normal growth;

P - child's weight in kilograms;

PU is the normal weight of a child of a given age in kilograms;

Rp Pp + P,

Рр - child's weight. When rodelenia in kilograms;

RT - normal weight gain in kilograms at a given age.

Similar calculations are also carried out for fats and carbohydrates.

When the child weighs less than the normal size by more than 20%, the value of 2 p is used instead of the RP value in the calculation.

The values of b and pT are taken from the respective tables. The value of B is calculated according to the tables of the content of nutritional ingredients in various food products in accordance with the nutrition received by the infant.

Then, using the same tables, the required amount of food is determined to cover the needs of the child for the nutritional ingredients.

I can convert the formula (1) to get the expression:

R-yan

(2)

B, BR, + Which is implemented in the proposed computing device. In the proposed device, all variables are specified in the form of shear-modulated square-wave pulses, multiplication by coefficients is carried out by limiting the amplitudes of these

rectangular pulses, i.e., their amplitude modulation. The addition operation is performed by integrating the logical sum of the time shifted pulses. On indicators 32-35, on the one hand, voltages are supplied that correspond to the prescribed amount of nutritional ingredients (for example,;) on the other hand, the requirements correspond to the needs of the child in the nutrients bRc. In addition,

p p

correction corresponding to member B

Formulas (2),. and if the difference between Р-РВ is positive, then the correction signal

sums with the dBc member, otherwise summed with the member B. Switching is performed using a relay.

Consider the work of individual nodes of the device.

Calculating the child's need for nutrients, the master oscillator 1 triggers the pulse width modulators 2-4. The input of modulators 2 and 3 comes from the potentiometer Pi, which is set depending on the weight of the child. The slope of their characteristics is chosen so that the pulse duration of the modulator 3 is proportional to P, and the modulator is 2-1.2 P. The pulse duration of the modulator 4 is determined by the position of the potentiometer Rz, set according to the weight of the baby at birth. The back edge of the pulse of the modulator 4 is started by the modulator 5, the duration of which is set by the potentiometer P3 in accordance with the child's age. The pulse duration of the modulator 5 is proportional to the normal weight gain with age. The pulses from the modulators 4 and 5 are fed to the circuit OR 6, on. the output of which is obtained by a rectangular pulse with a duration corresponding to the value of PH. This pulse, together with the pulse from modulator 2 corresponding to the PH value, is fed to the AND 7 circuit. Since the beginning of these

pulses coincide, then the output of the circuit And 7 will be a pulse equal in duration to the short of the input pulses. This impulse arrives at amplitude limiters 8-11, the cutoff level of which amplitude is set so that the pulse at the output of limiter 8 corresponds to the child's protein requirements, limiter 9 - in fats, limiter 10 - in carbohydrates, and limiter 11 - in calories x. These pulses are then integrated into the integrators 12-15, respectively, the output voltage of which is supplied from the inputs 32 and 35. A food destination assignment node: a master oscillator 1 triggers a pulse-width modulator 16, with a falling edge of which a similar modulator 17 is started, a modulator 18 from it, etc. to the eighth modulator 23. Each

of these modulators correspond to any food product (e.g. breast milk, cottage cheese, etc.). Any number of them can be taken, however, it is necessary to match the frequency of the master oscillator 1 with the total pulse duration of all these modulators. The quantity of each product is also set in the form of the pulse duration of the corresponding modulators using potentiometers Ri-Rn. At the output of each modulator there are four amplitude limiters, the adjustments of which are determined by the content of nutritional ingredients in the respective food products. The outputs of the amplitude limiters, corresponding to the amount of protein, are fed to the scheme OR 24; corresponding to fats - on the scheme OR 25; carbohydrates - on the scheme OR 26; and calories m - to the OR circuit 27. The multistage pulses received at the output of the OR circuits 24–27 arrive at the input of the integrators 28–31, respectively. The output voltages of these integrators are fed to the other inputs of the indicators 32-35. The amount of prescribed food can be adjusted by turning potentiometers. You can achieve zero indicator readings, i.e., complete compensation of the body's need for nutritional ingredients.

When the child’s weight deviates from the norm in accordance with formula (2), corrective signals are input that are sent to the integrators 28-31 or to the integrators 12-15 when the relay 55 or 56 is turned on, depending on which direction child's weight from the norm.

Node correction works as follows. The pulses corresponding to the PH and P are fed to the inverters 48 and 49. Then, the combination (RD, P) is fed to the circuit AND 50, and the combination AND (51 Pc, P) to the circuit 51. A pulse from output 50 triggers relay 56, and from the output of AND 51 - a relay 55. In addition, the pulses from circuits 50 and 51 come to the OR 52 circuit, the pulse duration at the output of which corresponds to the modulus of the difference between the child’s weight and the normal weight (Р-Рц ). This pulse arrives at the amplitude limiter 53, the level of which is determined by a potentiometer mounted on the same shaft as Pb, i.e. depending on the weight of the child. The pulse at the output of the amplitude limiter 53, respectively F-RP

The corresponding value is supplied to the integrator 54. The voltage at the output 54 is supplied to the potentiometers RK-Rig, which determine the duration of the modulators, respectively. The position of the potentiometers of the potentiometers Pi2-Ris is determined by the quantity of food products received by the child. Modulators 36-43 are similar to modulators 16-23. Their outputs, corresponding to proteins, fats, carbohydrates and calories, are fed to the schemes OR 44-47, the output of which produces multi-stage pulses corresponding to the correction term of formula (2) (for proteins). These pulses through relays 55 and 56 are sent to the group of integrators 28-31 or 12-15, making the necessary correction to the purpose of feeding the child.

Thus, when making calculations to determine the daily diet of a child, it is necessary to use the appropriate scales.

to establish the necessary position of potentiometer engines corresponding to the child’s weight at a given time, weight at birth and his age, as well as the products received by the child. In this case, the arrows of the indicators deviate by a certain angle. Then, by rotating the knobs of potentials corresponding to the food products being prescribed, it is necessary to achieve the zero position of the indicators. Assigned quantity

products are read on scales of indicated potentiometers.

Subject invention

A device for calculating the nutritional needs of children, comprising a master oscillator, pulse width modulators, potentiometers defining the parameters of the child and the quantities of products included in

ration, amplitude limiters, inverters, AND and OR logic circuits, integrators and indicators, characterized in that, in order to speed up the computation process, the master clock is connected to the control

the inputs of three modulators, the control input of the fourth modulator is connected to the output of the third modulator, the operating potentials of the set potentiometers are connected to the working inputs of the modulators, the output of the first modulator

directly connected, and the third and fourth through the first OR circuit to the inputs of the first AND circuit, to the output of which four amplitude limiters are connected, their outputs are connected via the corresponding

integrators of the first group to the same inputs of four indicators; The other inputs of the indicators are connected to the corresponding outputs of the integrators of the second group, the input of each of them is connected to the output of the corresponding

the OR circuit, and the inputs of the OR circuit are connected via amplitude limiters to the outputs of the first group of modulators, and the control input of the first one is connected to the master oscillator, and the control inputs

the rest are connected in series with the output of the previous modulator, the operating potentiometer sliders are connected to the working inputs of the modulators; to the inputs of the correction of integrators of both groups are connected

through the contact groups of two relays, the outputs of four additional OR circuits, to the inputs of which through the amplitude limiters are connected the outputs of the second group of modulators; second modulator output connected

to the input of the inverter and to the input of the second circuit AND,

the output of the first circuit OR is connected to the input of another inverter and the third circuit AND, the outputs of both AND circuits being connected to the windings of the corresponding relays, as well as to

the inputs of the second OR circuit, the output of which is connected through the amplitude limiter and the integrator to the reference potentiometers of the correction circuits.