SU411793A1 - - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery.

A device for directing an agricultural machine in rows or between the rows of stem cultures is known, which contains articulated copying probes and a lever mechanism that transmits a signal to a hydraulic system including a hydraulic distributor and an executive hydraulic cylinder for driving the machine.

However, such devices do not provide high-quality copying of a number of plants, due to the lack of sensitivity of the probes when interacting with relatively weak cultivated plants.

In the proposed device, in order to improve the accuracy of copying a number of plants and increase the reliability of the device, the lever mechanism is equipped with a summing device, made for example in the form of movable gear rails connected to the probes and between them a gear wheel connected by means of a lever to the hydraulic distributor, with this rail are spring-loaded one relative to the other and provided with stops limiting their movement, and to ensure a constant radial clearance in the rack-and-pinion gearing, at the ends gear wheels are fitted with support rings which run around when operating along rails located on the side surfaces of the rails.

FIG. 1 shows a kinematic diagram of the device; in fig. 2 is a section along A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 2

The device for guiding an agricultural machine} in rows of plants consists of a remote executive hydraulic cylinder 2, acting on one of the transverse ribs of the unlocked link 5, frame 4, mounted on the machine. Probes 5 and 6 are hinged on frame 4 pivotally in a horizontal plane. The lever mechanism consists of a summing device, including gear racks 7 and 8, gear 9, springs 10 and lever // acting on the spool valve T2. The stops are made with adjusting screws for setting the required clearance between the 5th and 6th shules. Probes are installed at a height of IiO-15 cm from the ground (at the working position of the cultivator) by moving the frame 4 in the vertical plane.

The normal operation of the rack-and-pinion gearing of the summing device (Fig. 2) is ensured by the presence on the rails 7 and 8 of the guides M, and on the gear 9 of the support rings rigidly connected to the gear wheel, the springs 15. The springs 10 (Fig. 1) serve

push the rails 7 and S against the gear wheel 9, hold the probes on the stops 13, provide the necessary force interaction between the probe and the plant and give the probes properties of selectivity with respect to interference, i.e. weed vegetation. The action of the summing device is described by the formula

 (ei + s2),

where So is the resulting signal of the current mismatch between the position of the working bodies of the maschine and the plant, reduced to the displacement of the center of the gear of the summing mechanism; r and 82 are the current mismatch signals generated by the probes and reduced to the movements of the corresponding rails of the summing device (Fig. 3).

The operation of the device is as follows.

The control signal of the current mismatch between the positions of the working member and the row produced by one of the probes, for example 5, when interacting with the stem of the plant 16, causes the rail 7 to move, which rolls the gear 9 along the rail 8. The rail 8 and associated with The probe 6 is located on the stop 13 under the action of the springs 10. The center of the gear wheel 9 at the same time moves and rotates the pendulous lever //, which causes movement of the stem of the slide valve of the hydraulic distributor 12, which controls the actuating hydraulic cylinder 2. The rod hydrocyles core, the effect on one of the lower connecting rods of the tractor 3 unlocked, moves it and hence maschinu in a horizontal plane in the direction of eliminating a mismatch.

At the end of the movement of the hitch 3, the probe 5 of the LOD with the action 10 returns to the stop 13.

With the simultaneous interaction of both probes with a branched crown of a plant, the current mismatch signals produced by probes 5 and 6 cause counter movements of the rails 7 and S of the summing device. If a plant with a branchy crown is located on an axis of a row, then the slats move by the same amount, the gear wheel 9 rotates around its axis without moving the rotary lever //, and no effect is exerted on the control valve. If the plant is displaced relative to the axis of the row, the rails 7 and 8 are moved by a different amount, the center of the gear wheel 9 is deflected by an amount corresponding to the algebraic half-sum (difference) of the movements of the rails 7 and 8, and the hinged device takes the position corresponding to this difference. The use of summing mechanism

It makes it possible to refuse special safety devices that exclude faults of probes, for example, the sharp deflection of one of the probes beyond the operating range or when the hydraulic equipment fails. AT

This is the case. The gear wheel 9, rotating around its axis, will move the rail of the opposite probe by the same amount, i.e., the deviation of one of the probes causes the deviation of the other and they will not break. This increases the reliability of the device.

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. An apparatus for automating an agricultural machine in rows or between rows of stem crops, comprising a hinge-mounted copy probes and a lever mechanism that transmits a signal to a hydraulic system including a hydraulic distributor and an actuating hydraulic cylinder of a mashina, characterized in that increase the accuracy of copying a number of plants and increase the reliability of the device, the lever mechanism is equipped with a totalizer, made, for example, in the form of probes gear racks and a gear located by them, connected by means of a lever to a hydraulic distributor, while the rails are spring-loaded one relative to another. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rack rails are provided with stops limiting their movement. 3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to ensure a constant radial clearance in the rack-and-pinion gearing, support rings are mounted on the ends of the gear wheel, which run around when working along rails located on the side surfaces of the rails.