SU26035A1 - Room stove - Google Patents

Description

To the author's testimony of G. A. Kamensky, asserted April 22, 1931 (for V. svid, No. 87335).

On the issuance of copyright certificate ony6viHKOBaHO April 30, 1932.1. .

In the proposed room furnace with air-flue channels and the central gas chamber, chimneys form two systems: one short, from the corner straight channels connecting the firebox to the chimney, designed to pass gases at the beginning and end of the combustion and the other, longer consisting of flat, adjacent to the furnace walls, chambers connected by hails with a central gas chamber, communicating below with corner channels, through which chambers the hot gases pass through the combustion process.

In FIG. 1 is a front view of a room oven; Fig, 2 is the same from above; FIG. 3 is a vertical section along W-III of FIG. one; FIG. 4 is the same in IV-IV of FIG. one; FIG. 5 is the same in V-V of FIG. one; FIG. 6 is the same in VI-VI of FIG. one; FIG. 7, 8 ... 19, 20-horizontal sections along VII-VII, VIII-VIII ... XIX-XIX, XX-XX figs. one; FIG. 21, 22 perspective view of the room oven; FIG. 23 is the same with the cut-out part according to ABC .., FIG. 22, indicating the movement of gases; -fig 24 the same, the bottom of the furnace.

The first row of the stove laying is made up solid and a blower g is installed on it and two doors for cleaning and passing cold air are fixed in the front part (Fig. 7). In the last row of the laying of the blower, two quarters are made (in parallel) so that a freely extending grate 6 can be moved in the plant to clean it from ash and slag at any time, for which along the quarters along the bottom are embedded strips of forging or similar iron with fixing the ends between the seams of the masonry (Fig. 8 and 24). Next, by attaching primitively from 4-mm wire: handle 5 to the grates of the grate, the latter is inserted into a quarter so that handle 5 lies on the bent iron strip 4, for convenience it is more convenient to take a hand through the blower door to move the grid back and forth. The fourth row of masonry overlaps so that under. the grate would move freely by hand overlap.

In order to heat the lower air layers, exhaust air-heat channels B (channels) forming a grid, successively up to the eighth row of laying, are made in the external walls on three sides, starting from the second p and masonry. The grille is laid (Fig. 7, S, N 4) from the halves of the brick, and in the middle the rear brick is placed close to the wall of the blower. This is done for the purpose of sound insulation between rooms when the stove is heated by three or two rooms with a firebox from the corridor. From the fourth row, the firebox is trimmed, and from the fifth row it expands by running the brick on three sides, and to maintain stability, the overlaps are supported by the butt of the elongated bricks from the generator of the excavating grid {Fig. 4, 6). On one occasion, the construction of the cone of the firebox (Figs. 4, 5 and 9) of the wall of the latter is laid vertically up to the twelfth row of masonry; creating the most stable foundation under the roof of the roof and walls of the inner central gas chamber. The above two rows are yes {fig. 3, 4, 10, and 11) at the same time overlap the free space between the firebox and the outer walls of the furnace at the end of the latter, whereby in the front part (above the door) the jumper is flush with the thirteenth row of the i masonry (Fig. 4 5, 10 and 11). Two square or triangular openings are made at the corners of both overlap rows from the front side (from the stove), which are closed with 4 4-i flaps to regulate the flow of cold air into the chamber and the heat channels, as well as to separate the latter from the corner chimney ducts a, and during the firebox.

In the next two rows, the furnace heels e, e ... e are put up to eight simultaneous exits to four hundred, rons, and here the corner chimneys in the form of direct channels a and a} are laid and a and a, and in the rear channels The cleaning doors, and in the fifteenth row, the channels a, a, a, and a are connected to the output terminals, e, e -, ... e, e, a, and through them to the fire chambers V, w using small canalchik-slits i-D for self-switching of the firebox for small and large combustion. X The sixteenth row of the hile ee overlap and the v-v smoke flue ducts in the form of chambers adjacent to the furnace walls are spaced off from the outer walls. Corner chimneys a - and from here do in the form of a triangle with truncated corners, which, on the one hand, speeds up the work, and on the other, the dressing is observed during the laying of the chamber and stability of the corner is achieved during incandescence.

In the twentieth and twenty-first rows, angled nozzles tt are laid out, thus connecting the chamber / s with angular chimneys ac (. 15 and 23), which overlap in the next row so as to produce, for further continuation, the already shaped angular chimneys a - a, the total area of which would correspond to a normal t g. Then, eight layers of masonry are laid out in the same way, a section with a quarter-brick section of the chamber v-v from chimneys aa (Fig. 16).

On the thirty-third row, the chambers v-g are connected to the chamber /, for which holes xx are made in the walls of the chamber /, two from the side, so that the corner chimneys are completely separated, and the average cuts are cut out overlapping the xx holes with the next row, as well as the lowest resistance of gases, for which the ends of the brick are rounded in a triangular shape and placed at an acute angle against the flow of gases (Fig. 17).

The next thirty-first row of bricks of the holes x - x overlap, and from the external walls of the masonry they adjoin the v-v chambers, thus forming recesses (grooves) on the four outer sides. Corner chimneys, here, as well as later on, up to the thirty-fourth row, are finished in shape and size, as indicated above (Figures 18, 5 and 6)

The thirty-second row from the outside is placed flush with the lower rows of the laying, and with, the inside adjacent to it, thus forming above the camera / lancet chamber chamber. In this area, after laying out the chamber chamber, four holes (trenches) 6 are left on each side to access and heat the room air (Fig. 19).

Thirty-fifth and sixth rows are laid out in a mobile collection, connecting corner chimneys a, ach a and a with the smoke pipe.

 The walls of the flue passages, the borer are laid in half-brick, image X: rear

and the niche sides of the niche, which, after cutting into half a brick for convenience of overlapping them with the next row, form chambers b for accessing room air into them, into which lattices can be inserted.

Against the corner chimneys a-a, doors are inserted for cleaning them and the smoke box (Fig. 20, 6). Thirty-seventh row of the smoke assembly, as well as the air chambers of the b (niche), are blocked by a continuous row of bricks, leaving a hole for the chimney in the center, on which a specially adapted valve s with a looped wire end is attached. so that you can open and close the valve for the outwardly protruding end of the loop.

The last thirty-eighth series, with the aim of a better run-up in the seams, retreats by a quarter of brick from all sides, thus forming a cut-off. For: movement of a gate valve with a loop, a free space (channel) is left with the gate moving to the front side of the furnace (Fig. 2, 22 and 23).

Before starting the furnace, the grate is cleaned from soot, ash and slag. The valve 5 opens only when the shutters 4-4, which close the access of air to the chamber, are completely closed. After that, the firebox begins.

The firebox is designed for any fuel (only non-liquid), since a small amount of smoke attenuation makes for good fuel.

During the initial combustion, the combustion chambers simultaneously through eight hell, mine, smoke chambers v - w (in the closest way due to the least resistance of gases), go through switching ducts - slots iz directly into the corner chimneys aa, until until the volume of flue gases is no more than one-third of the calculated value for a given firebox, and the air inside the chamber / and 6 flue-gas w-o will be heated. With an increase in combustion, and hence an increase in the volume of flue gases, more than the switching ducts-slits can suck in, the furnace self-switches to large combustion. Now, the hot flue gases directly in the process of burning in specifically narrow smoke chambers v - w move upwards, closely contacting the walls of the external heating surface and thus maximizing the heating rate and heat transfer at the same time with the largest furnace surface.

From the smoke chambers v - v, the gases flow through the smoke ports X - x into the central gas chamber / and through the nozzles t - t into the corner chimney 1 o - a-. Further, the flue gases move, giving heat to the corners of the furnace, at the same time in the four corner chimneys a - a, upward - into the smoke collector a and through the chimney into the atmosphere.

Before the end of the firebox, i.e. when the flue gas volume is again lowered, the furnace is self-switching to low combustion. The flue gases, the mine to the heated gas chamber / and the smoke-firing chambers on the nearest path, through the switching slots i, go back directly to the corner chimneys a - a - and then through the smoke collector and the chimney, to the atmosphere. In this way, the strongly heated air in the gas chamber / and flue-chamber f - w is conserved, which maximally increases the heat capacity of the furnace, keeping the heat in the furnace for a long time. At the end of the firebox and the closure of the chimney with the valve S, the valves 4, 4- are opened.

The lower elephant of cold room air enters through the system of air exhaust ducts b not directly into the heated chamber and into the whole inner space, increasing the heat transfer from the furnace by pressure from below.

The subject matter of the invention.

t. A room stove with air-flue channels and a central gas chamber, characterized in that the furnace chimneys are formed by two systems of interconnected channels: one furnace located at the corners in the form of direct channels a-a, brought directly to the collection pipe and

equipped with gaps i - / for the passage of gases emerging from the helix into the firebox p, and the second g - vB shaped flat, adjacent to the walls of the furnace, chambers, in the lower part of which are located e - e to enter the central a chamber / connected in its lower part with a system of channels a-a, which channels a-a are designed to pass gases at the beginning and end of combustion, during which the course of the most hot gases is switched to a system of channels vv - in order to warm the side surfaces furnace and gas chamber.

2. The use of the air-flame channels L connected with the heated room, located around the firebox p and separated from the smoke channels a - and for the time of heating by furnace heaters 4, 4-, described in paragraph 1 of the furnace,

3. The use of the retractable grate 6 described in paragraph 1 of the furnace in order to facilitate the cleaning of the latter from. ash and slag.