SU1782939A1 - Shelf settler - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for wastewater treatment and can be used in ferrous metallurgy and other industries, as well as for the treatment of domestic wastewater.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a shelf sump containing a housing with a bottom, thin-layer blocks installed with a gap from one another along the longitudinal axis of the housing, removable sealing walls, located in the gap between the blocks, as well as in the gaps between the blocks and the walls of the sump, the input node of the source water and the nodes of the drain of clarified water and sediment.

The disadvantage of this device is that. that water is sedimented with a fixed type of sump, namely with a transverse inclination of the block plates. Changing this type of sump directly during the operation of the sump is impossible, since it is impossible to transfer from one type of tone of the oblique blocks to another (from blocks with a transverse inclination of the plates to blocks with a longitudinal inclination of the plates).

, This narrows the functional capabilities of the sump and reduces the efficiency of water clarification after changing the physicochemical properties and dispersed composition of the initial water entering the sump.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the sump by changing the orientation of the plate n blocks in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing of the sump directly during operation.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a shelf sump containing a housing with a bottom, thin-layer blocks installed with a gap from one another along the longitudinal axis. housings, removable sealing baffles, located in the gap between the blocks, as well as in the gaps between the blocks and the walls of the sump, the input unit for the input water and the drainage units for clarified water and sediment, with

SIL, ·, 1782939 A1 According to the invention, each of the thin-layer blocks in a section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing has a square shape.

In addition, the sealing partitions are inflatable.

The shape of the square that each has. Each of the blocks in a section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the casing provides a reliable tight fit of thin-layer blocks to the rear wall after turning the blocks 90 ° relative to the axis perpendicular to this section, and thereby ensures a transition during operation of the sump, depending on the properties and dispersed composition of the initial liquid from one type of thin-layer blocks to another with the formation of the longitudinal, transverse and longitudinal-transverse directions of fluid movement through the thin-layer sediment nick. At the same time, the longitudinal-transverse direction of fluid motion refers to the arrangement of thin-layer blocks when the longitudinal and transverse fluid motion alternate due to sequentially installed blocks with longitudinal and transverse fluid motion, and in various combinations. During operation of the sump by the formation of various combinations by turning the blocks 90 ° around an axis perpendicular to the direction of fluid movement in the sump, the clarification effect in the sump reaches the maximum for this type of initial liquid.

In the same way, some other operational indicators of the settling process are also optimized, for example, the efficiency of creep of the sediment on inclined plates, the degree of compaction, and humidity.

Inflatable sealing walls installed between the walls of the sump and the blocks, as well as between the rows of blocks provide the ability to rotate any block around the axis. When removing pressures and leaks in the sealing walls by releasing from the bottom of the air, gaps are formed between the blocks and the walls of the sump, as well as between the rows of blocks. This allows you to freely rotate with the help of a lifting device any of the blocks around an axis perpendicular to the direction of fluid movement in the housing of the sump by 90 °.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the prototype made it possible to establish according to its criterion of novelty. In studies of other well-known technical solutions in this technical field, signs that distinguish the claimed invention from the prototype were not identified, and therefore they provide the claimed technical solution according to the criterion with significant differences.

In FIG. 1 shows a shelf sump, a longitudinal vertical section; in FIG. 2 - sedimentation tank, plan view; in FIG. 3, section AA in FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a section BB in FIG. 2.

The sump consists of a housing 1, an input suspension input unit made in the form of a supply pipe 2 with a perforated distribution partition 3, a clarified water discharge unit made in the form of a collection tray 4 with an overflow threshold 5, and a sediment removal unit made in the form of a pyramidal pit 6 along the bottom 7 of the sump and equipped with a pipe 8 for removal of sediment. ’

In the sump, blocks 9 are installed in two rows in plan with inclined thin-layer plates 10, all of which have the shape of squares in a plane coinciding with the direction of fluid movement in the sump body.

In FIG. 2 as an example, this plane is horizontal, and also, by way of example, in FIG. 1, all the odd blocks along the liquid (blocks 1,3,5) are installed as blocks with the transverse movement of the liquid (Fig. 4), and the even blocks (blocks 2 and 4) are installed as blocks with the longitudinal movement of the liquid (Fig. 3) . In this case, block 2 has a reverse inclination of the block plates, which intensifies the release of sediment from the liquid, and block 4 has a direct inclination of the block plates, which contributes to the release of pop-up impurities.

Sealing partitions 11 are installed between the longitudinal walls of the casing of the settler 1 and thin-layer blocks 9, and sealing partitions 12 are installed between the two rows of blocks.

These partitions do not allow the fluid moving in the sump to bypass the blocks of inclined plates, bypassing them through the gaps.

Blocks 9 are equipped with load gripping loops 13, with the help of which it is possible to remove each block from the sedimentation tank and turn it around the vertical axis in this example in any direction with

1782939 with the power of a lifting device (not shown conditionally).

The proposed sump works as follows.

The initial fluid enters the housing of the sump 1 through the pipe 2 and the perforated distribution partition 3 is evenly distributed over the cross section of the sump. Moving parallel to the bottom 7, a fluid stream enters the thin-layer blocks 9 and passes through packets of inclined plates 10.

Pollution is heavier than liquid, moving vertically downward, reach the lower inclined plate in each inter-plate space and slide along it into the pyramidal pit 6, from where they are periodically removed outside the sump by gravity under the hydraulic pressure of the liquid column through pipeline 8.

Pollution is lighter than liquid, moving vertically upward, reaching the upper inclined plate in each interregion of the vacant space, rising along it to the upper part of the sump and floating up to its surface ..

From here, the trap products are removed outside the sump.

Removing contaminants deposited at the bottom of the sump (heavy fraction) and surfaced on its surface (light fraction), for. the limits of the sump are carried out by known methods using known devices (not shown conventionally).

The clarified liquid leaves the last block and through the overflow threshold 5 is evenly distributed across the width of the sump into a collection tray 4, from where it is removed outside the sump by a pipeline of clarified water (not shown conditionally).

When changing the physico-chemical properties and composition of the source water using a lifting device (not shown conditionally), all blocks 9 with packages of inclined plates 10 or part of blocks 9 rises above the supporting surface and rotates around an axis perpendicular to the movement of the liquid in any direction of each of the blocks or part of the blocks 9 is set in different positions with respect to the direction of fluid movement in the sump (or to the direction of inclination of the plates). To do this, compressed gas is vented from the gas pipeline by opening the valve, which leads to equalization of pressure in the seal. partitions 11 and 12 with atmospheric. Moreover, due to the elastic properties of the sealing walls, they are compressed. decreasing in volume.

With deflated seals, each block 9, having a square shape in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, can be freely rotated 90 °. In this case, the longitudinal inclination of the plates in block 5 is replaced by a transverse or vice versa transverse to a longitudinal one. Due to the square cross section in plan, any block, when rotated 90 ° around an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sump, 10 is fixed relative to the sump 1 in the previous (before rotation) position, but with a different type of inclination of the plates relative to the direction of fluid movement in the sump . After turning all 15 necessary blocks, a valve opens on the gas pipeline supplying compressed gas to the inflatable sealing walls 11 and 12. They inflate and tightly close the gaps between the blocks 9 and the walls of the stand 20 (due to the sealing walls 11) and the gaps between the rows of blocks 9 (for due to sealing baffles 12). ⁴

When applying pressure to the sealing 25 partitions 11 and 12, the sump is ready for further work, as:

- the fluid flow can move from the entrance to the outlet of the sump only through packages of inclined plates of thin-layer blocks 9, the gaps between the blocks and the walls of the sump, and also between the rows of blocks are hermetically closed:

- the blocks 9 themselves are securely fixed by sealing partitions in a fixed (initial) position.

If the inclination of the plates in the block is transverse and, by turning through 90 °, it is transformed into a longitudinal one, moreover, at. By rotating in one direction (for example, counterclockwise, for example, in a clockwise direction), the plates are tilted back in the block, which, when they rotate 90 ° in the opposite direction (i.e., clockwise), forms a forward tilt and vice versa.

To determine the direction of rotation in order to convert the lateral inclination of the block plates into a longitudinal direct or longitudinal reverse, the following rule is introduced for the arrangement of the axes of co50 ordinates for the transverse inclination of the plates. Z axis - around which the plate block rotates, it is directed upward from the plane of rotation.

The Y axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the plane of the transverse inclination of the block plates, and it is directed towards the liquid inlet into the block.

Then, when looking at the plane of the cross section of the block from the side of the positive direction of the Y axis, two positions of the transverse inclination of the block plates are possible:

1. The angle a, measured clockwise from the horizontal, is less than 90 °.

2. The angle a, measured clockwise from the horizontal, is greater than 90 °.

Then, for the first case (a <90 °), taking the 'gate of the block around the Z axis counterclockwise (if you look at the plane of rotation of the block from the side of the positive direction of the Z axis gives a longitudinal straight inclination of the plates (example 1.1), and clockwise • gives a longitudinal reverse tilt of the plates (example 1.2).

For the second example (a> 90 °), on the contrary, turning the block around the Z axis counterclockwise gives a longitudinal reverse inclination of the plates (example 2.1). and clockwise gives a longitudinal straight inclination of the plates (example 2.2). Thus, the definitions of four combinations of rotation of the plate block are introduced to convert the transverse tilt of the plates to longitudinal, with forward and reverse tilts of the plates.

Selecting by turning through 90 ° various combinations of the position of the blocks 9 relative to the direction of fluid flow and guided by the general theoretical provisions on the properties of the clarified suspension (or emulsions, or suspensions - emulsions), they achieve the maximum clarification effect, in particular the effect of wastewater treatment.

In FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4, as an example, such an optimal arrangement of blocks is shown that in the odd blocks in the direction of the fluid (blocks 1, 3, 5), the transverse inclination of the plates is installed, and in the even blocks (blocks 2, 4), the longitudinal inclination is set plates, and in block 2 it is the reverse, and in block 4 - direct.

With this position of the blocks, the maximum effect was achieved for a specific type of wastewater, namely, wastewater from a sheet rolling mill containing a suspension (scale) and emulsion (oil products) over a wide range of particle dispersion levels. Sewage in front of the sump was coagulated.

The optimality of a given combination of blocks can be explained as follows.

Wastewater was a. a complex system containing coagulant flakes of various sizes, particles of oka-, lina and mineral oils. The latter are in emulsified and large droplet state.

The first blocks in the direction of the fluid are installed with a transverse inclination of the plates (Fig. 4). With the longitudinal inclination of the plates in these blocks, the coagulant light flakes were agitated with a precipitate sliding against the movement of the liquid, and the quality of cleaning deteriorated.

After removal of the lightest components, the liquid is sent to blocks 2 with a longitudinal inclination of the plates, and their direct inclination is adopted. .

In this case, the task was to isolate primarily light particles of medium size, but at the same time ensuring minimal contamination of their dross adsorbed on oil droplets.

To do this, in blocks 2 adopted a direct inclination of the plates (Fig. 3).

Next, the liquid is sent to blocks No. 3 with a transverse inclination of the plates (Fig. 4), where small particles of oils and larger particles of scale are removed from the liquid at the same time. Studies have shown that for this type of wastewater, the release of floating particles (oil products) ended earlier than the release of the finest particles of scale. To isolate the latter from water, the liquid was then passed through blocks 4 having a longitudinal inclination of the plates, but the reverse. In these blocks, finely dispersed particles heavier than water predominantly stood out, while they were minimally contaminated with sorbed oil. In addition, due to countercurrent movement in the liquid blocks 4 (from bottom to top along the plate) and sliding sediment (from top to bottom along the plate), the smallest particles of scale and oil products flocculated, which are generally not capable of being separated from the liquid by settling without undergoing a preliminary process, flocculation .

For the final cleaning of the smallest particles that underwent flocculation in blocks 4 with countercurrent movement of the liquid and sediment, the liquid was then sent to the last blocks 5 with a transverse inclination of the plates (Fig; 4). Here, optimal conditions were created for the separation of the smallest particles previously flocculated in countercurrent in blocks 4. Since the flocs formed are rather small and not strong, their optimal release from water occurred with a transverse inclination of the plates. In the longitudinal antipyroid motion, the flocs were dispersed by hydrodynamic forces arising in the fluid flow during countercurrent creep of the sediment.

Thus, by selecting, the optimal arrangement of blocks in the sump was chosen, which ensured the maximum effect of clarification of liquid from scale and oil products and good properties of trap products of different weights (scale and oil), and their mutual contamination was reduced. This improves the conditions for subsequent disposal of various trap products.

The main technical and economic advantages of the proposed sump are as follows:

1. Due to the possibility by turning the sides to transform the fluid flow pattern in the sump from transverse to longitudinal (with forward and reverse tilt of the plates) and vice versa, as well as to provide alternating longitudinal and transverse directions of fluid movement in different sumps in various arbitrary combinations, the functionality of the sump and the maximum effect is achieved for a given composition of the initial wastewater clarification.

The clarification effect increases by 2030% and becomes more stable in relation to the changing quality of the source water.

2. While maintaining the clarification effect unchanged, a reduction in the volume of the sump can be achieved with the same effect. ''

3. The possibility of changing the scheme of the slope of the blocks when changing the quality of the source water allows you to choose the optimal scheme for the sediment to slide from thin-layer packages of inclined plates into the sedimentary part of the sump (when the light fraction floats to the surface of the sump).

This increases the reliability of the sump, facilitates its operation.

4. The square section of the block of thin-layer elements in the plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sump body ensures reliable fixation of the block to its original position after rotation by 90 °, since the lateral size of the block in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation does not change after rotation.

5. The presence of inflatable seals provides a quick implementation of the rotation of the block by 90 °, with a quick restoration of the seals after turning the block, and this simplifies the operation of the sump and increases the reliability of its operation.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Shelf sump containing a casing with a bottom, thin-layer blocks installed with a gap from one another along the longitudinal axis of the casing, removable sealing partitions located in the gap between the blocks, as well as in the gaps between the blocks and the walls of the sump, the source of input water and nodes drainage of clarified water and sediment, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality by changing the orientation of the block plates in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sump, each of the thin-layer blocks in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sump, has a square shape. 2. The sump according to Claim 1, in that the sealing baffles are inflatable ’. Figure 4