RU174456U1 - Gravity Liquid Purification Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The gravity liquid cleaning device contains a welded container in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped mounted on several vertical racks 11 with successively communicated identical deposition compartments 1, in which two-tier cartridges 2 are located, having parallel inclined plates 3 for sedimentation (sediment). Each of the deposition compartments 1 is equipped with a top cover 4 mounted above the cassettes 2, under which there is a tapering bottom 5 with a visual indicator of sediment accumulation in the form of a transparent viewing window, with a sediment removal nozzle with upper and lower butterfly valves 6, 7 (taps or valves ) installed with the formation between them of the lock chambers 8, and flanges for installing interchangeable bags under the lower gate 7. The lock chamber 8 is a diamond-shaped section. At the entrance to the first sedimentation compartment 1 in the direction of fluid flow, a laminator 9 is located to form a laminar flow regime of the fluid entering the deposition compartment 1. Inside each of the deposition compartments 1, the cassettes 2 are mounted with the ends of the plates 3 in the direction of the laminator 9. Each of the cassettes 2 is removable removable in the form of a welded argon-arc spatial frame, in which parallel inclined plates 3 are fixed, while the frames of the cassettes 2, which are adjacent in the direction of the fluid flow separated from each other by guide jumpers 10 with pins to fix the position of the cassettes 2. When using the proposed technical solution, simplified design, increased service life (operation ) and the reliability of the device by simplifying access to collect and remove filtered contaminants, ensuring technologically simple and quick recovery by replacing and / or washing cartridges.

Description

The utility model relates to a technique for purifying water from suspended particles under the action of hydrodynamic forces and gravity in a liquid medium, which can be used in the enrichment of minerals and purification of mine water. The gravity cleaning module (2, Fig. 1) is intended for the deposition of fine fractions contained in water freed from coarse sludge.

A device for purifying process water from suspended solids, including a frame with flat plates located at an angle of 50-70 ° to the horizontal plane, tanks for accumulating sludge and a mechanism for unloading sludge, the frame is made with a cross section of a trapezoidal shape and contains several sections, separated by frames with side, upper, lower and central jumpers, the first water flow frame is made with the upper edge inclined towards the water flow at an angle of 40-45 ° and is made with holes in the sides of the central and central bridges in which steel strings are installed, the second and subsequent frames are made with fingers on the upper and central bridges, and the lower and side bridges with grooves for installing plates, while the plates are made with a bend of 180 ° of the upper edge, which are capable of to embrace the finger, and bend to 30 ° of the lower edge, which freely pass into the groove of the lower or lateral lintel so that their planes are located along the water flow at an angle of 50-70 ° to the horizontal plane. The plates are made of galvanized sheet, and the upper side of the plates is covered with linoleum (RU 2329851).

A disadvantage of the known device is the rapid overgrowth of interplate gaps, convenient access for collecting and removing filtered contaminants is not provided, and the possibility of a technologically simple and quick recovery of performance is not provided.

The closest technical solution adopted is a modular device for thin-layer cleaning of mine water from suspended particles, including a frame with curved plates located at an angle to the horizontal plane, a tank for accumulating sludge and a mechanism for unloading sludge from the tank, and the frame of the device is made in cross-sectional shape containers, where it is placed, the sides of which are closed and have fastenings on them to hold the device in the container, and on top - brackets for ease of installation of devices, they are mounted inside the frame parallel to each other at a distance of 40-50 mm of the plate, while the central plates are made of different sizes, solid with a bending angle of 80-90 °, in which the swivel joints are rigidly fixed to the edges on both sides and covered with an electrically neutral material, and offset from the center the plates have bushings at the upper ends, the angle of inclination of the plates with a horizontal plane is 45-50 °, while there are gaps between the sides and lower edges of the plates equal to the inter-plate distance, which serve as channels for bypassing particles that have been transported into the storage tank, protective plates closed for direct water flow in front and behind, and to prevent siltation of the bypass of settled particles into the storage tank, are provided at the sides with bevels at an angle of 45-50 ° to the horizontal plane, the central plates are fixed to the frame with the help of fixed on the frame of the front and rear center racks having holes for articulation, the offset plates are mounted directly to the upper ribs of the frame with axles from the pin and installing the oscillation plates provided on the lower edges of the stops and the frame side plates at a distance of 3-5 mm between them for each plate (RU 2597319, prototype).

The disadvantages of the known device are the complexity of the design of the plates and articulated joints, the complexity of operation, due to the need to provide vibrations to remove the filtered sediment, low maintainability.

The technical problem solved by this technical solution is the creation of an effective, maintainable device for gravitational liquid purification and the expansion of the arsenal of devices for gravitational liquid purification.

The technical result obtained by using this technical solution is that simplification of the design, increase of the service life (operation) and reliability of the device are achieved by simplifying access to collect and remove filtered contaminants, ensuring technologically simple and quick recovery by replacing and / or washing cartridges.

The essence of the utility model consists in the fact that the device for gravitational cleaning of liquids contains a welded tank in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped mounted on racks with successively communicated identical deposition compartments (bunkers) in which there are multi-tier cartridges having parallel inclined plates for deposition of contaminants, each of the deposition compartments equipped with a top cover mounted above the cassettes, under which there is a tapering bottom with a visual indicator of sediment accumulation, with a sediment removal nozzle and with valves, and at the entrance to the first sedimentation compartment in the direction of the fluid, a laminator is located to form a laminar flow regime of the liquid entering the deposition compartments, inside each of the last cassettes the plate ends are installed towards the laminator, and each of the cassettes is made removable interchangeable in the form of a spatial frame, in which parallel inclined plates are fixed, while the frames of cassettes adjacent in the direction of fluid movement are separated from each other by a guide jumpers.

Preferably, the cassettes are equipped with handles and are installed in two parallel rows in the direction of fluid movement.

Preferably, the laminator is made with annular slotted exits communicated with a common collector.

Preferably, the slit outputs of the laminator are made with the height and diameter of the slit selected from the condition of ensuring the flow rate of not more than 3 cm / sec.

Preferably, the guide bridges are made with T-section, are located transversely, connecting the opposite walls of the deposition compartments in the upper part and provided with pins for fixing the position of the cartridges.

Preferably, the cassette plates are made of the same sheet material.

Preferably, the bottom of each deposition compartment is in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid of rectangular cross section.

Preferably, the visual indicator in the bottom of each deposition compartment is made in the form of a transparent viewing window, and the sediment removal nozzle of each deposition compartment is made with upper and lower butterfly valves (taps or valves) installed to form lock chambers between them and flanges for installing interchangeable bags under the lower valve.

Preferably, the lid on the top of each deposition compartment is flat, mounted through a gasket, and pressed against it with bolts.

Preferably, the device is equipped with a labyrinth compartment (tank) of coarse liquid cleaning, made at the same time with the welded tank, for gravity feeding it to the collector of the laminator by gravity.

Preferably, the device is equipped with a compensation compartment (tank) made at the same time as the welded tank for receiving liquid from a tank with cartridges made with temperature sensors, upper and lower level sensors, and light indicators of the indicated controlled parameters.

Preferably, the device is equipped with a platform (technical platforms) fixed to the said racks along the deposition compartments with the possibility of access to their covers and cassettes.

In the drawing of FIG. 1 depicts a General view of the device gravitational cleaning fluid; in FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. one; FIG. 3 is a left view of FIG. one; in FIG. 4 view of the compartments in front; in FIG. 5 - cassette in three orthogonal projections; in FIG. 6 - cassette frame in axonometric projection; in FIG. 7 is a diagram of a laminator.

The gravity liquid cleaning device contains a welded container in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped mounted on several vertical racks 11 with successively communicated identical deposition compartments (bins) 1, in which two-tier cartridges 2 are located, having parallel inclined plates 3 for sedimentation (sediment). Each of the deposition compartments 1 is equipped with a top cover 4 mounted above the cassettes 2, under which there is a tapering bottom 5 with a visual indicator (not shown) of sediment accumulation in the form of a transparent inspection window, with a sediment removal nozzle with upper and lower butterfly valves 6, 7 (identical - taps or gates) installed with the formation of lock chambers 8 between them, and flanges (not marked) for installing interchangeable bags under the lower gate 7. The lock chamber 8 is a diamond-shaped section. At the entrance to the first sedimentation compartment 1 in the direction of fluid flow, a laminator 9 is located to form a laminar flow regime of the fluid entering the deposition compartments 1. Inside each of the deposition compartments 1, the cassettes 2 are mounted with the ends of the plates 3 in the direction of the laminator 9. Each of the cassettes 2 is removable removable in the form of a welded argon-arc spatial frame, in which parallel inclined plates 3 are fixed, while the frames of the cassettes 2, which are adjacent in the direction of the fluid flow separated from each other by guide jumpers 10 with pins for fixing the position of the cassettes 2.

Cassettes 2 are equipped with handles 12 and are installed in two parallel rows in the direction of fluid movement.

The laminator 9 is made with annular slotted exits 13 communicated with the collector 14. The laminator 9 can be made with several collectors 14.

Slotted outputs 13 of the laminator 9 are made with the height and diameter of the slit selected from the condition of ensuring the flow rate of not more than 3 cm / sec.

The guide jumpers 10 are made with T-section, are located transversely, connecting the opposite walls of the deposition compartments 1 in the upper part. Above the bottom 5 under the collectors 2 there are transverse partitions (not shown).

The plates 3 of the cassettes 2 are made the same, from sheet material.

The bottom 5 of each compartment 1 deposition is made in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid of rectangular cross section.

The cover 4 on the upper part of each deposition compartment 1 is flat, mounted through a gasket and pressed against it with bolts (not shown).

The device is equipped with a labyrinth compartment (tank) 15 of a rectangular section, made at the same time with a welded tank, for rough cleaning of a liquid with curved elements (not shown) for its flow by gravity to the collector 14 of the laminator 9. The compartment 15 is equipped with a lock chamber similar to a lock chamber 8.

The device is equipped with a compensation compartment (tank) 16 made at the same time as the welded tank for receiving liquid from the tank with cartridges 2, made with temperature sensors, upper and lower levels, and light indicators of the indicated controlled parameters (not shown).

The device is equipped with a platform (technical platforms) 17, fixed to the uprights 11 along the deposition compartments 1 with the possibility of access via stairs 18 to their covers 4 and cassettes 2.

All compartments 1 and compartments 15, 16 of the device are structurally made at the same time, i.e. in a single welded case. Pumping equipment 19 is connected to the compartment 16 by hoses and fittings (not marked). Under the locks 8 of the device, a pallet 20 can be placed. The platform 17 can be equipped with a fence 21.

The device consists of parts interconnected by assembly operations that are in functional and constructive unity to solve the specified technical problem and obtain the technical result provided by the utility model, that is, they are in a causal relationship with the specified result.

Device gravitational fluid cleaning works as follows.

The liquid is supplied to the device by the discharge line of the drainage pump (not shown) through the labyrinth compartment 15, in which the liquid is coarsely cleaned. In the curved elements of the labyrinth compartment 15, the liquid repeatedly changes direction, which causes the sedimentation of the largest particles (fractions) of contamination to the bottom of this compartment 15 for periodic removal. Slurry from the lock chamber of compartment 15 is collected in a bag secured to this compartment from below.

In this case, the remaining liquid by gravity enters the collector 14 of the laminator 9. The laminator 9 provides the flow of fluid from each of its slits with a flow rate of not more than 3 cm / sec.

For example, for particles ranging in size from 1 to 100 microns, the ratios described by the Stokes equation are valid when:

U = 2R ² (p'-p) g / 9η,

where U is the sedimentation rate of particles;

R is the particle radius;

P 'is the density of the pollutant;

P is the density of the liquid;

g is the acceleration of gravity;

η is the coefficient of dynamic connectivity.

For large particles, the sedimentation rate can be calculated using the Allen equation:

U = 0.522 * sqrt ³ ((p'-p) R ³ -g ² / pη), where

sqrt is the square root designation.

And for particles larger than 2 mm according to the Rittinger equation:

U = 2 * sqrt (Rg (p'-p) / η).

It was experimentally established that the fluid flow rate from the slit of the laminator should be in the range of 1-3 cm / sec. If we take the height h of the slit of the laminator 3.5 cm, and for structural reasons, the diameter D of the laminator is selected 200 mm, then the passage area of the laminator 9 will be

F = π * Dl * h = 3.14 * 20 * 3.5≈220 cm ² .

For four laminators, F = 220 * 4 = 880 cm ² .

At a flow rate of 3 cm / sec (3 * 60) / 1000, the flow rate Q of the liquid through the slot will be: Q = FV = (880 * 3 * 60) /1000=158.4 l / min.

Therefore, at a given flow rate of the incoming fluid Q = 44000 l / min, the actual flow rate of the fluid through the laminator slit will be:

Q / F = 158.4 / 880 = 0.18 cm / s,

which corresponds to the optimal range of values.

The laminator 9 is carried out with the dilution of the slotted exits 13 and the flow flowing out of it into the compartment 1 in two levels in height and with the simultaneous bifurcation of the flow on each row of cassettes 2. The flow is directed to the ends of the plates 3, distributed and then flows in layers along them, sequentially along the row cassettes 2.

Due to the laminar flow of fluid from the laminator 9, a kinetically and kinematically uniform laminar fluid flow enters the plates 3 of the cassettes 2. On the plates 3, the fluid flow occurs in thin layers at a minimum speed. Partitions above the bottom of the 5 compartments 1 of the deposition prevent fluid from flowing past the plates of 3 cassettes 2. This hydraulic mode of flow of the fluid flow is characterized in the cross section of each layer by a parabolic velocity diagram, which has a minimum speed approaching zero on the plates in the boundary (wall) layer. In the boundary layer on the surface of the plates 3, the velocity of the laminar (kinetically and kinematically homogeneous) fluid flow under the action of its viscosity rapidly decreases and tends to zero. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the flow in the boundary layer near the plates 3 is insufficient to move the fluid with contaminants having a specific gravity greater than the density of the fluid, and these contaminants settle on the entire area of the plates 3, and sediments formed from contaminants move under the influence of gravity into bottoms 5 compartments 1 deposition to the nozzles.

As the fluid flow advances, suspended particles (suspensions) under the influence of gravitational forces in cramped conditions, deposited on plates 3 slide on them into the lower part of compartments 1 - on the bottoms of the latter 5. Thus, the device removes solid particles from the fluid stream with a specific gravity greater than the density of the liquid. In the cartridges 2, an ordered movement and uniform distribution of the liquid is ensured, which contributes to an increase in the particle deposition rate.

The amount of precipitates separated increases sequentially in the direction of movement of the liquid on the plates 3 in the cassettes 2 from the laminator 9 to the compensation compartment 15. Adjacent to the direction of the liquid movement of the cassette 2, installed in two parallel rows with an interval and with an opposite inclination of the plates 3 to the gap between the rows of cassettes 2 , direct fine-grained sediment in the direction of the lock chambers 8 of the bottom 5.

Tapering down the bottom 5 in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid of rectangular cross section provides uniform collection of deposited substances in the lock chambers 8, providing for the collection and storage of collected pollution. This eliminates the possibility of re-involvement of the precipitated particles in the circulation of the cleaned liquid. A visual indicator in the bottom 5 of each deposition compartment 1 in the form of a transparent window allows timely installation of the filling of the locks 8. On the flanges of the nozzles (lock chambers 8) under each lower valve 7, replaceable bags of special filter cloth are pre-installed. When the fluid supply is stopped from the laminator 9, the closed upper valve 6 and the open lower valve 7 are removed (discharge) the sediment of each compartment 1 deposition. After this, the bags can be replaced, the upper valve 6 opens, and the lower valve 7 closes, and the installation can quickly continue to work.

The filling and condition of the purified liquid in the compensation compartment 15 (tank) for receiving liquid received from the tank with compartments 1 of the cassettes 2 is determined by temperature sensors, sensors of the upper and lower levels, and visualized by light indicators of the indicated controlled parameters. Reaching the limit testimony indicates the need to empty the compensation compartment 16 and / or the need to replace or rinse the cassettes 2. In the latter case, the cassettes 2 along the guides - jumpers 10 with a T-section - are manually removed by the handles 12 from the stairs 18 onto the platform 17. The platform 17 provides personnel with access to the deposition compartments 1 to remove and / or install cartridges 2. The cartridges 2 can be washed with a jet of water or replaced, if necessary, with new ones and installed along rails 10 in the deposition compartments 1 . The guides pins 10 provide orientation and fixing of the cassettes 2 in the working position.

The installation is characterized by technical and economic advantages: simplicity of design, high reliability, long operation period, ease of maintenance, does not require highly qualified staff, does not require large energy costs. In the manufacture does not require accurate technological equipment and highly skilled workers.

Thus, when using the claimed technical solution, simplification of the design, increase of the service life (operation) and reliability of the device are achieved by simplifying access to collect and remove filtered contaminants, ensuring technologically simple and quick recovery by replacing and / or washing the cassettes.

Claims (12)

1. A device for gravitational cleaning of liquids, containing a welded container in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped mounted on racks with successively connected deposition compartments, in which there are multi-tier cassettes having parallel inclined plates, under which there is a tapering bottom with a sediment removal pipe, at the entrance to the first the direction of fluid movement, the deposition compartment is a laminator of the fluid flow regime, characterized in that each of the deposition compartments is equipped with a top cover installed above the cassettes, the bottom is made with a visual indicator of sludge accumulation, and the sludge removal nozzles are equipped with valves, inside each of the cassettes following the first compartments the ends of the plates are installed towards the laminator, and each of the cassettes is removable in the form of a spatial frame in which parallel inclined plates, and the frames of cassettes adjacent in the direction of fluid movement are separated by jumpers, while a labyrinth compartment is installed in front of the laminator, and after the compartment with the box office Tami - compensation compartment for receiving fluid from a container with cartridges. 2. The gravity cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cartridges are equipped with handles and are installed in two parallel rows in the direction of fluid movement. 3. Gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that the laminator is made with annular slotted exits communicated with a common collector. 4. The gravity cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that the slotted exits of the laminator are made with a height and a diameter of the slit selected from the condition of ensuring the flow rate of not more than 3 cm / sec. 5. The gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the jumpers are made with a T-section. 6. The gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the plates of the cassettes are made the same, from sheet material. 7. Gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the bottom of each deposition compartment is made in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid of rectangular cross section. 8. The gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the visual indicator in the bottom of each deposition compartment is made in the form of a transparent window, and the sediment removal nozzle of each deposition compartment is made with upper and lower valves installed to form lock chambers between them, and flanges for installing interchangeable bags under the bottom gate valve. 9. The gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the cover on the upper part of each deposition compartment is made flat, installed through a gasket and pressed against it with bolts. 10. The gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the labyrinth compartment of the crude liquid purification is made integral with the welded tank. 11. The gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the compensation compartment for receiving liquid from the tank with cartridges is made integral with the welded tank and is equipped with temperature sensors, sensors of the upper and lower levels. 12. The gravity cleaning device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, characterized in that it is equipped with a platform fixed to the racks along the deposition compartments with the possibility of access to their covers and cassettes.

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