SU1765408A1 - Method at mining steep medium-thickness mineral deposit seams - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the invention relates to mining and can be used in deserted underground mining of coal deposits with a stable roof. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The method includes conducting a conveyor, ventilation drift, split furnaces, dividing the excavation floor into columns along a strike, with the discharge furnaces running at an angle to the strike line of the column. Parallel to these split furnaces, additional split furnaces pass. The field is divided into narrow diagonal pillars and, when they are worked out, they form supporting pillars. 1 il.

Description

w

Yo

The invention relates to the mining industry, and specifically to systems for designing methods for developing mineral seams, and is intended for use in the mining industry in the development of underground seams of mineral deposits of average steep and oblique incidence with stable, medium stability and very stable roof and soil; most suitable invention for the coal mining industry.

Mineral mining methods are known in the mining industry, such as the columnar method of developing along a strike, which is a excavation column of the mineral, along the floor of the three sides of the mine workings: ventilation, conveyor drifts and a split furnace.

Working out the excavation floor (pillar) with this method is reversed, i.e. from the split furnace to the mine yard. In this case, the ventilation drift is extinguished, and the developed and bottom-hole spaces are fixed with wood-metal or hydroficated (when using the complexes) lining. The conveyor drift is supported by the pillars, the dimensions of which are 20 x 1, m. The mechanization of the extraction of minerals with the known method of development on steeply falling seams of 1.5-2 m is conducted by combines UKR-1, TEMP. The barbed method of developing mineral resources creates normal conditions for the operation of combines UKR, TEMP. On steep seams (45-90 °), their record productivity with this method reaches the calculated one.

However, the known method does not create conditions for the mining of coal seams without attaching the developed bottomhole formations.

ABOUT

ate

J

00

As a result, the need to control the roof arises, and therefore, with an increase in the productivity of the RBM-2 combine, the indebtedness of workers in the clearing face increases, large material costs are required for fixing in order to maintain the mined and bottom-hole spaces. It does not create the necessary conditions for deserted coal mining.

There is also known a method for developing long steeply dipping pillars by falling over with shield overlap (FCC), which is a notch field contoured by a main and ventilation drift, sloping flank furnaces and a running furnace with racks.

The furnace-slopes are located on the flanks of the shield column three meters from its edge along the strike and are made with two compartments, the running and the carbon. After that, mounting of KVKP is carried out. The support is a series of triangular metal trusses overlaid with solid wood flooring. Each truss consists of two trusses with an extension bar connected hingedly to each other, and two skis that rest on lateral rocks.

Hydro-jacks are inserted in the spacer stands, with which they can change their length, while expanding the support between the lateral rocks

All trusses are connected in pairs into separate sections 2.5 m long, which, in turn, are interconnected into one piece by four beams. The outer surface of the wooden overlapping sections is sheathed with a thin metal sheet. Depending on the geological geological stand, the length of the shield may be 50 m or less. The total weight of the metal of the 50-meter shield is 72 tons and the wood is 22 tons.

The coal is delivered to the furnaces by two scraper installations mounted at the ends of the shield support. The capacity of each plant is 50 t / h.

Extraction of coal under the roof was carried out by means of drilling and blasting. The blown-up coal is delivered by scraper winches to ramp furnaces, from where it enters the receiving bins over the main drift through the coal-fired furnaces and then from them is immersed in mine trolleys.

The landing pitch is taken equal to 1.0-1.3 m.

After the coal has been dredged, the pressure in the hydraulic system is relieved all along the bottom line and the support is lowered. Then the carbon digging cycle is repeated.

The most cost-effective this lining when using hydrotreatment and hydraulic coal transport.

The method of developing long pillars with a fall with shield overlap (FCC) is used when developing steeply dipping seams of average thickness from 2 to 4 m and with an incidence angle of 50 ° or more.

The disadvantage of such a system is that the drilling of holes, the charging of them, and the removal of the holes are carried out manually. In addition, the shield is a bulky underground structure and it is rather difficult to manage without speaking about the material and physical costs that go to its construction. The big material and physical expenses go on brown-explosive works.

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of working faces, reduce the cost of mineral resources mined, and reduce the consumption of metal and wood by 1 ton of mineral extracted.

This is achieved by the fact that in the reservoir development method of medium-sized mineral power of steep and oblique incidence in long pillars along strike with a mechanized combine dredging with a digging pole - part of the reservoir along the strike, contoured with conveyor, ventilation drifts and split furnace, long development poles from the side of the split furnace, cut-up combines are cut through the uprising into narrow digging diagonal poles with an angle of inclination to the strike line of the formation, determined by on experimentally by providing cut free drop unit, when it operates on Tchelnokova scheme Konda it moves downward.

The magnitude of these angles must be such that the blocks cut by the combine under the action of their gravitational forces can (independently) be transported, both along the conveyor roadway of the long post and along the plane of the diagonal post, which is produced when the combine is working from top to bottom. shuttle pattern. PS with a shuttle pattern, when going from a conveyor drift to a vent, then in 3TOv case, the angle of inclination of the diagonal pole does not play any role, cut out by the harvester unit are transported to the conveyor drift on the soil of the formation at an angle which is the layer of steep ILU with an oblique incidence. Totally ina si

Tuats are created when the combine is operated in the same way, but only when the combine is moving from top to bottom, here the angle of inclination of the diagonal pole for transporting the blocks cut from the diagonal pillars is crucial. When the narrow column is vertically positioned after the uprising, the blocks cut out from it remain in place, and when the narrow column is inclined relative to the line of the formation, a narrow diagonal column is formed, and when working from top to bottom, areas are formed that are inclined by the combine. from narrow diagonal pillars. They enter a recumbent furnace, along which, descending, they fall on the conveyor drift, then, moving along the conveyor drift, they fall on the loading point,

In the process of working on the excavation of diagonal columns, the excavation harvesters are located in split kilns. By the time the narrow diagonal pillars are being worked out, the roof space developed is based on the diagonal recess pillars. Under these conditions, a system for working out diagonal pillars is adopted without fixing the open space with artificial means of fastening (metal and wood racks, hydroficated complexes, etc.), i.e. the roof of the clearing face is fixed on diagonal excavation pillars. As the combines work, the bare roof area increases, and the diagonal excavation pillars area decreases, consequently, the strength of natural fixing means - diagonal excavation pillars decreases. Next, the roof stands up, which is proportional to the bare roof area and idle time. on the stability of the roof. When the roof has settled, it gradually goes on landing, at this time the combines should be at the top, and if they are somewhere in the middle of the diagonal pillar. then they have to modify their extraction poles either to the conveyor tunnel or to the ventilation one. After this, it is necessary to allow the roof to sit down freely. Before the landing of the lava, or rather from the beginning of the work of the harvesters, it is necessary to determine the landing step experimentally. Prior to this, in the process of working out diagonal pillars, install miner racks along the center of a long excavation column along its strike 2 m from each other along the entire length of the developed space. It should be noted that the planting step is increased by the rate of advancement of the clearing hole.

After defending the roof, it begins to peel off from the main mass and in the cr. Peeled roof presses on the control

0 racks, the latter begin to crack gradually, and then the combine harvesters should occupy their initial positions either on the conveyor drift or on the vent. If combines

5 will appear on the conveyor drift, then the settled roof will rest on a diagonal pole 3.5 m thick, and if on a ventilation drift, then the roof will settle on a diagonal lifting pole

0 1.8 m thick

After planting the roof, the planting step and the condition of the pillars on which the roof rested during planting are determined, if the pillars are not destroyed. There is reason to believe that

5, these pillars are sufficient (for planting) to be strong and can be used as guard pillars, if the diagonal extraction columns of the roof crush, then guard pillars should be left, With a stable

0 roof landing step 70-90 m; with an average stability step landing 40-50 m.

The settled roof on the conveyor drift does not fall. The conveyor drift after landing of the lava is preserved, as well as the inter-selective pellets are preserved, i.e. transportation of minerals through the furnaces and the conveyor drift after landing of the lava is preserved.

With this system of mining reservoirs

0 mineral at least two combines (underground catamarans) are launched. As already known, the combines are started up from the conveyor roadway, reaching the airway.

5As we see, with the shuttle processing scheme for narrow diagonal pillars, when the combine is lowered from top to bottom, it performs the same work as it did when raised from above.

0

The width of the excavation diagonal pillars depends on the width of the working part of the two-gripping working body of the excavation combine. Narrow notch diagonal

5, besides its main purpose - creation of stope faces, 5 function as the fixing elements of the clearing face, the space developed and the functions of the fixing elements of the cut kilns.

In addition, the proposed method of development creates the conditions for simultaneous operation of both one and a larger number of excavation harvesters (catamarans) in one lava.

The main purpose of the invention is to create a new technology for mining coal seams of average power of steep and oblique incidence without the use of artificial means of fixing open spaces, downhole working spaces and cut openings.

Consequently, when applying the proposed method of developing a mineral in combination with an excavation com- pany (catamaran), the construction of lined space support, i.e. the roof management operation is eliminated, the useful time for excavation of minerals is maximized, the safety of work is created by creating conditions for unmanned excavation of minerals.

The drawing shows a diagram of the notch column according to the method of developing long pillars along the strike, general view.

The proposed method of development contains a notch field. 1, cut into long extraction columns along strike 2. Each extraction column along strike 2 is contoured by a conveyor drift 3, a ventilation drift 4 and a split furnace 5.

Split furnaces 5 are cut at an angle of 60 ° to the strike line of the formation. The notching long columns 2 from the side of the split furnace 5 are cut by the rise of the reservoir into narrow diagonal columns 7 by split working furnaces 6, which are cut parallel to the split furnace 5.

The sequence of operation when performing structural elements of the method of mining minerals by long pillars along strike with a mechanized combine during mining of medium thickness steep and oblique incidence with a very stable, with a stable and medium stability roof, with extraction of mineral by narrow diagonal pillars following simultaneously along the strike of the reservoir at a distance of 10–200 m from each other, a conveyor belt 3 passes and a vertical drift 4; in this way, each pillar 2 of the excavation floor 1 is contoured along the strike of the formation for the entire length of 800-1000 m. From the side of the excavation floor 1, the conveyor drift 3 passes through the ventilation drift 4

furnace 5. Thus, each column 2 of the excavation floor 1 is contoured. After that, parallel working furnace 6 is conducted parallel to the split furnace 5 at a distance of 2-3.5 m from each other. Between the split working furnaces 6 there remain narrow diagonal columns 7,

The method is carried out as follows.

When long pillars 2 have been cut into the excavation field 1 and they are ready for a cleaning excavation, a cleaning front is prepared for the excavation combines. The working of the long pillars 2 is in descending order, with the ventilation drift 4 of the long pole 2 being worked out is quenched, and the conveyor drift 3 is supported entirely.

The preparation of the cleaning front for the excavation combine is as follows.

From the conveyor drift 3 to the ventilation drift 4 parallel to the split furnace

5-cutting combines cut cutting working furnaces 6. Formed between split working furnaces 6 narrow diagonal pillars 7 create individual slaughters for excavating combines. Split furnace 5 and split working furnace

The roof and soil of the excavation column 2 are bare.

The cross section of each split furnace depends on the thickness of the reservoir and the width of the working body of the threaded combines; The width of the working body of rifled combines is 1–1 m, and the average thickness of the seams is 1–4 m. Since the working speed of the rifled combines reaches 60–8 ° m / shift, the roof of the rifled workings does not have time to stand, therefore it is not disturbed and therefore, there is no need to fix the rifled workings. As soon as the rifled production has been completed and the cleaning front has been prepared for the excavating harvesters, from the conveyor drift 3, the excavating harvesters are put into the split furnaces 6, which include E work. They work according to a shuttle pattern.

Claims (1)

Claims The method of mining minerals of average power steep v oblique incidence, including conducting conveyor, ventilation drifts, split furnaces, dividing excavation floor into poles along the strike of the reservoir v excavation of minerals, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of combines with deserted excavation of mineral split furnaces are angled to the strike line of the column, and parallel to them are additional split furnaces and And the direction of the rise of the reservoir form narrow diagonal pillars, and when working out these pillars form supporting pillars.