RU2077673C1 - Method for excavating graphite from a thin steeply dipping sheet deposit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: graphite excavation. SUBSTANCE: excavation of graphite by cutter and transporting it by gravity to the intake entry. It is followed by breaking the host rock. The worked out spaces are backfilled with the host rock along roof bar inclined surface. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry, and in particular to underground mining of stratiform graphite.

A known method of excavating a thin steep seam using a combine, fastening the bottom with wooden individual racks and gravity delivery of coal analog [1]
The disadvantages of the method is the high complexity and cost of production due to the large amount of work to fix the face.

The closest technical solution to the method of excavating graphite from a thin stratum of steep fall is the development of a similar deposit in layers with the tab of the developed underlying layer by the rock from the notch - prototype [2]
In general, the field is practiced by the uprising. The separation of graphite is carried out using a jackhammer, and the rocks of the notch BB.

 The disadvantages of the prototype are large losses and dilution of the mineral due to collapse of one floor and graphite, and waste rock, there are high costs for the transport of graphite along the lay drift, as well as large air leaks through the laid out mined space, worsening the conditions of excavation and reducing safety works.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the separation of graphite in the face is conducted from bottom to top simultaneously along the planes of contact with the roof and soil, while the height of the bottomhole space of the ledge is maintained within 1.2-1.3 of its length along the strike, and manual selection of rocks is carried out directly into the bunker, lowered onto the ledge soil, then the beaten-down rock of the notch is sent to the filling furnace along the top of the platform after turning and lowering the obstruction edge to the bottom face of the filling furnace.

 The effectiveness of the invention consists of the technical advantages of separate separation and transportation of graphite and empty weather of the cutoff, which allows to reduce the cost of production, as well as the social effect, which consists in providing the faces with sufficient air, eliminating its loss.

 The proposal is illustrated by the following drawings.

 In FIG. 1 shows a site plan; in FIG. 2 section of the plot along the fall I-I; in FIG. 3 section of the site for the fall of II-II; in FIG. 4 knot A from the plan when separating rocks of the notch; in FIG. 5 horizontal section III-III of the mechanized separation of graphite; in FIG. 6 knot B with a section along the fall of II-II (the hopper is lowered onto the ledge soil); in FIG. 7 horizontal section IV-IV above the upper platform (both sash openings are closed); in FIG. 8 is a horizontal section V-V on the soil bottomhole space of the ledge.

 The method is as follows.

 Field preparation is storey, and the development system is columnar.

 Graphite excavation is carried out by strips in the uprising (in Fig. 1 is shown by an arrow) with a notch of lateral rocks and leaving them in a worked out space (the space of a graphite deposit and a notch). The excavation field is worked out as a whole along the strike, which is also seen in FIG. one.

 Graphite after separation from the array by gravity is lowered to the haul horizon and then delivered to the trunk.

 Ventilation of treatment works is carried out according to the reciprocal-exact scheme through the array. Therefore, air leaks with this method of extraction through the mined-out space are eliminated.

 After carrying out the floor pumping 1 and ventilation 2 drifts, the boundary uprising 3 is cut, from which the cleaning work was started in the excavation field (or floor). Subsequently, no new preparatory workings have been completed in the field, since transport and running development 5 is created after separation of graphite and notch rocks due to the resulting bottomhole space 6 of the ledge. To exit the outgoing stream of air and place the rocks of the notch, the ventilation openings 7 and 8 are used, which were created in place of the previous excavation strip (in that filling cycle, there was a development 9, shown in Fig. 1 and 4 by a dashed line).

 Treatment works include graphite separation by bars 10 and subsequent notching (wells 11 with explosives) of roof and soil rocks.

 The separation of graphite is carried out simultaneously along the planes of contact with the roof and soil. This is an important factor since due to good contact with the rocks during the separation of the mineral in another way, a great dilution of graphite occurs.

 The repelled graphite enters the bunker 12, located under the upper platform 13, which at the same time, if necessary, supports the bottomhole space and protects it from the overhanging ledge with graphite and notch rocks.

 The capacity of the hopper determines the advancement of the separation of graphite from the bottom of the rocks, because broken graphite in one feed the machine should fit in the hopper. The bunker is then lowered onto the bottom-hole soil of the ledge (Fig. 6), and here rock is sampled directly in the bunker, which significantly reduces graphite losses.

 Breaking rocks of the roof and soil for the formation of a notch are carried out using explosives. The broken rock is sent to the filling furnace by gravity without falling into the broken graphite.

 To do this, the upper platform is deployed and lowered with a blocking edge to the downhole side of the stowing excavation, to the partition 14 between the transport-running and stowing openings (Fig. 1 and 4). At the same time, the upper platform is supported by the bunker, which is currently on the ledge of the ledge.

 As a result, the upper platform forms an inclined plane along which pieces of broken rock glide and fall directly into the filling furnace.

In order for the edge of the upper platform to exactly hit the septum, the height of the bottomhole space should be equal to 1.2-1.3 of its length along the strike. Non-compliance with the conditions can be in two cases:
1) if the height of the bottomhole space is less than 1.2-1.3 widths, then the upper platform after lowering can form a very gentle angle and gravity of the rock will not;
2) if the height of the bottomhole space is more than 1.2-1.3 width, the upper platform will not fall on the partition and the broken rock will fall both in the filling furnace and in the transport-way, clogging graphite.

Claims (1)

 1 Method for the extraction of graphite from a thin stratum of steep fall, including carrying out haulage and ventilation drifts, rising workings, working out the site in layers with a ceilings face and advanced separation of graphite from the host rocks, moving graphite to the haulage drift, subsequent breaking of the host rocks with blasting and storing them in the worked out space of the worked out layer as the next one is worked out with the formation of free space between them, characterized in that The plot is weaved along the strike with maintaining the height of the bottomhole space within 1.2 1.3 of its length along the strike, graphite is separated along the planes of contact with the roof and soil of the deposit by a drilling machine mounted on a suspended cradle; before the separation of graphite, the bottom is closed the upper platform, the compartment leads to the hopper, after filling which the upper platform is installed obliquely and the beaten-off enclosing rocks are passed over its surface, while the porous is manually selected from the hopper, and move the graphite to the haulage drift through the transport pipeline.

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