SU1748237A1 - Pulse missing selector/counter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pulse technique and can be used in radio devices designed, for example, for training and dynamic tests of microwave pulse devices, as well as in information transmission systems. The device for selecting and counting pulse passes contains an adjustable delay block 1, an adjustable pulse generator 2, a visual indicator 3, an adjustable voltage source 4, a gating unit 5, counters 6, 9, 14 and 15 pulses, a switch 7 operating modes, an integrator 8, control unit 10, pulse generator 11, comparison unit 12, picopy detector 13, sync bus 16, input pulse buses 17 and 18. Providing the ability to select and count pulses, the amplitude of which exceeds a predetermined value, allows the functionality of the device to be expanded. 3 IL .-----, -.,. (L with

Description

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The invention relates to a pulse technique and can be used in radio devices designed, for example, for training and dynamic testing of microwave pulse devices, as well as in information transmission systems.

Devices are known that carry out the selection and counting of the skip pulses. The selection of pulses and the counting of gaps in them is carried out in the case when the amplitude or duration of the pulses is less than a specified value.

The closest to the proposed is a device for selecting and counting gaps a pulser containing an adjustable delay unit, an adjustable pulse generator, a visual indicator, an adjustable reference voltage source, a pulse skipping counter, an operating mode switch, an integrator, a pulse skip counter, a control unit, pulse generator, comparison unit, clock bus and input bus, with the input of the delay unit connected to the clock bus and the indicator clock input, output The delay unit is connected to the input of the generator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the indicator, the first pass of the switch and the second input of the driver, the second inputs of the indicator and the switch are connected to the input bus, the third input of which is connected to the output of the reference voltage source, the first output of the switch is connected to the input the integrator, the second output - with the first input of the comparison unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the integrator, and the output - with the first input of the imaging unit, the first output of the imaging unit

(connected to the input of the skip counter and the first input of the control unit, the second output to the second input of the control unit, the third output to the Reset input of the integrator, the output of the control flea is connected to the input of the skip count counter. In the known device, the case where the energy (area) of the pulses is less than a predetermined value.

A disadvantage of the known device is the impossibility of separating sparks s microwave device from sparks in the radio device as a whole, since the cause of the decrease in energy (area) of the pulses can be both the microwave device and other nodes of the radio device, This lack is explained by the lack of a known device possible

selection and counting of pulses, the amplitude of which is greater than a given value.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of functionality due to the provision of selection and counting of pulses, the amplitude of which exceeds a predetermined value. The realization of this possibility will allow the simultaneous analysis of the parameters of two pulsed

0 sequences, namely, the envelope of the output microwave pulses and current pulses through the microwave device, to distinguish between the causes of gaps caused by disruptions in the operation of either all radio equipment, or only arr

5 (breakdown) in the microwave device itself.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for selecting and counting pulse passes, which contains an adjustable delay unit, an adjustable pulse generator, a visual indicator, an adjustable reference voltage source, an operating mode switch, an integrator, a control unit, a pulse driver, a comparison unit, the first and the second pulse counters, and the input block

5 of the adjustable delay is connected to the clock bus and the first input of the visual indicator; the output of the adjustable delay block with the input of the adjustable mmruls generator, the output of which is connected to

0 to the first inputs of the mode switch and pulse generator, the second inputs of the visual indicator and mode switch are connected to the input bus, the output of the adjustable source

5 of the reference voltage is connected to the third input of the operating mode switch, the first pulse counter and the first input of the control unit are connected to the third output of the pulse former, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the second inputs of the control unit and the integrator, respectively, the first and second outputs of the mode selector work connected to the first inputs of the integrator

5 m of the comparison unit, respectively, the output of the integrator is connected to the second input of the comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the pulse former, the input of the second pulse counter is connected

0 with the first output of the control unit, the imaging unit is introduced, the third and fourth pulse counters, the peak detector and the second shinch of input pulses, which are connected to the first input of the picovo detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the gating unit, and the first and second outputs, respectively with the fourth 4th fifth mode switch, the sixth input of which is connected to the second bus of input pulses, the third output to the third input of the visual indicator, and the fourth output to the third input of the comparison unit, The fourth input is connected to the second output of the adjustable voltage source, and the second output is connected to the third input of the pulse generator, the fourth output of which (Connected to the input of the third pulse counter and the third input of the control unit, the second output of which is connected the input of the gating unit is connected to the output of the adjustable pulse generator.

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed device; in fig. 2 - timing diagrams explaining the operation of the device in the setup mode and in the mode of counting the skip pulses; in fig. 3 - timing diagrams explaining the operation of the device when calculating gaps packets.

The device contains an adjustable delay unit 1, an adjustable pulse generator 2, a visual indicator 3, an adjustable voltage source 4, a gating unit 5, a first pulse counter 6, a switch 7 operating modes, an integrator 8, a second pulse counter 9, a control unit 10, a driver 11 pulses, a comparator block 12, a peak detector 13, a third pulse counter 14, a fourth pulse counter 15, a bus 16 sync pulses, a first bus 17 input pulses and a second bus 18 input pulses.

The input of the adjustable delay unit 1 and the first input of the visual indicator 3 are combined and connected to the bus 16 clock pulses. The output of the adjustable delay unit 1 is connected to the input of the adjustable pulse generator 2, the output of which is connected to the input of the gating unit 5 and the first inputs of the operation mode switch 7 and the pulse former 11. The second inputs of the visual indicator 3 and the switch 7 operating modes are combined and connected to the first bus 17 input pulses. The third input of the visual indicator 3 is connected to the third output of the operation mode switch 7, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the integrator 8, the second output to the first input of the comparison unit 12, the fourth output to the third input of the comparison unit 12, the third input to the first output adjustable source 4 reference voltage, the fourth and fifth inputs - respectively to the first and second outputs of the peak

the detector 13, the sixth input to the second bus 18 of the input pulses and to the first input of the peak detector 13. The second output of the adjustable source 4 of the reference voltage is connected to the fourth input of the comparator unit 12, the second input of which is connected to the output of the integrator 8, and the first and second outputs - respectively to the second and third inputs of the imaging unit 11 pulses. The second input of the integrator 8 is connected to

the second output of the pulse driver 11, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the control unit 10, the third output to the input of the pulse counter 6 and the second input of the control unit 10, and the fourth output to the input of the pulse counter 14 and the third input of the control unit 10. The output of gating unit 5 is connected to the second input of the peak detector 13. The inputs of the second 9 and fourth 15 pulse counters are respectively connected to the first and second outputs of the control unit 10.

The device operates in the following modes: in the setup mode and in the operating mode.

The operation of the device in the setting mode is explained in the time diagrams shown in FIG. 2

The clock pulses (Fig. 2a) from the bus 16 arrive at the first input of the visual indicator 3, for which a dual-beam oscilloscope can be used, and start its time base. Simultaneously, the clock pulses are received from the input of the adjustable delay unit 1, which can be made on the basis of a waiting multivibrator with an adjustable length of output pulses or as a passive discrete delay line with a matching amplifier at the output. WITH

The output of unit 1 clock pulses is fed to the input of a controlled generator of 2 pulses, which can be used as a standby multivibrator with adjustable duration and amplitude of the output pulses. At the output of generator 2, pulses Ur are produced (Fig. 2d), which are fed to the input of switch 7 of operation modes. As a switch 7, any

two-way switch for six directions. From the third output of the switch 7, the pulses Ur are fed to the third input of the indicator 3, and the input pulses Uex (i) simultaneously arrive at its second input

(Fig. 26) from the bus 17. According to the indicator 3, smoothly adjusting the duration of the output pulses g (r) of the generator 2, achieve Ti (d) (HONJ) - then set

Ur AI (max) and, adjusting the delay time Gz, combine the decay of the pulses Ur and UBX (I). The pulses Ur from the first output of the switch 7 arrive at the first input of the integrator 8, made on the basis of a differential amplifier and a storage element with a forced discharge at the end of the pulse Ur. At the output of the integrator 8, a sawtooth voltage iint is formed (fig.2d), the amplitude of which is proportional to the nominal area (energy) SHOW of the output pulse of the generator 2, and hence the nominal area of the input pulse on the bus 17. The voltage UHHT is applied to the second input of the block 12 comparison, consisting of two comparators. At the same time, the first input of the unit 12 from the second output of the switch 7 is supplied by the reference voltage Uon (i) (Fig. 2e) from the first output of the controlled source 4 of the reference voltage. The latter can be performed according to a voltage follower circuit with a parametric stabilizer at the input. The voltage Uon (i) is compared at the first comparator of block 12c with the voltage UHHT. If UHHT Uon (i), then at the first output of block 12 a prohibition impulse is generated from (Fig. 2e), which is fed to the input of the first of the two anti-coincidence circuits included in the pulse former 11. As a result, the pulse Ur arriving at the first input of the imager, does not pass to the input of the pulse counter 6 and the second input of the control unit 10. If UHHT Uon (i), the inhibit impulse is not generated, and at the time of the impulse Ur decay, a count impulse UI appears at the input of counter 6 (FIG. 2k), which is fixed by it. Smoothly adjusting the voltage U0n (i), achieve a position in which the comparator unit 12 is on the triggering threshold, judged by the unstable operation of the counter 6. This position corresponds to the fact that the amplitude of the sawtooth voltage and max (max) at the output integrator 8 is equal to the nominal value of the reference voltage UOM (I) HOM, and therefore, it is proportional to SHOM. The reset (reset) of the integrator 8 occurs at the end of the action of the pulse Ur, for which the second output of the former 11 generates a reset pulse Uc6p (Fig. 2g), which arrives at the second input of the integrator 8. The duration of this pulse is chosen such that its action accumulator element of the integrator 8 is completely discharged.

The input pulses Uux (2) (Fig. 2c), supplied to the bus 18, arrive at the first input of the peak detector 13, made on the basis of the detector with gating and

a controlled reset, supplied with an output voltage divider, and a key that shunt the storage element of the detector. The detector 13 is designed in such a way that the charge time of its accumulative

element is much less than the duration of the input pulses Uex (2), and the discharge time is longer than their duration, but much less than the period of their repetition. The use of this detector allows you to exclude

the formation of false counting pulses, if the input pulses Uex (2) have a complex, rugged shape, characteristic of anode current pulses during breakdowns in microwave devices. To eliminate the effect

possible emissions at the front and decay of pulses Uux (2). and also in the pause between pulses, a gating unit 5 is inserted into the device, which can be used as a standby multivibrator

with a delay element in the trigger chain. Block 5 generates Ucip strobe pulses (FIG. 2h), which are delayed relative to the pulse front Ur for some fixed time, and their duration is such that their decline

slightly ahead of the decline in pulses Ur. These pulses arrive at the key and the second input of the detector 13, thus, the input pulse Uex (2) affects the storage element of the detector 13 only for

time g (p). The voltage spd (Fig. 2i) from the first output of the peak detector 13 is fed to the fourth input of the switch 7, and from the fourth output time to the third input of the comparison unit 12. In block 12, the voltage

is compared with the reference voltage U0n (2) supplied to the fourth input of the block 12 from the second output of the source 4, If ipt Uon (2), then the second output of the comparison unit 12 produces pulses that are applied to the driver 11 of the pulses, and from its fourth output Pulse counting pulses Unn (Fig. 2n) are fed to the input of the pulse counter 14, which are fixed by it. If spd U0n (2), then the countdown pulse breakdowns

not happening. Smoothly adjusting the voltage U0n (2), one achieves such a position where the counter 14 is on the threshold. This position corresponds to the magnitude of the voltage

Uon (2) corresponds to the nominal amplitude of the output pulses of the detector ipt (n). After tuning, the device is switched to the operating mode. At the same time, the third input of the visual indicator 3 is fed

the pulses arriving at the sixth input of the switch 7, the first input of the integrator 8 are pulses 1) in (1), to the first input of the comparison unit 12 voltage 1) op (1) Mr. Ki, where Ki 1 is the coefficient determining the required level of selection pulses UBX (I), on its fourth input voltage U0n (2). and the third input from the second output of the peak detector 13 is a voltage of ipd (nom) 2, where K2 1 is the coefficient determining the required level of selection of pulses Uex (2). In this mode, skip count pulses will be generated only when the area of the input pulses UBX (I) is less than SHOM Ki, and the pulses of the count breakdown - when the amplitude of the input pulses UBx (2) is greater than spd (nom) -K2, Time Charts The operating devices that are in operation in the operating mode are not fundamentally different from those shown in Fig. 2.

In addition to the total number of skips and breakouts, the device also calculates the number of gaps skips and breakdowns. The operation of the device when calculating gaps of skips is explained by the timing diagrams shown in FIG. 3, based on the assumption that a series of four gaps, followed by another, is generated by a packet. Gap count pulses U ™ (Fig. 36) are fed to the second input of control unit 10, consisting of a scaler with a set conversion factor, stop and reset device. Incoming pulses Upi are fixed by a scaling device. After the fourth pulse arrives, the first output of the control unit 10 generates a counting signal Unn gaps (fig, Sv), which is detected by the pulse counter 9. At the same time, the stop device is set to a position in which further arrival of the pulses at the input of the counter 9 stops in order to avoid repeated tripping counter, if a series of passes will be long. When the first normal 11vx pulse (1) arrives at the device input, the stop device is reset. A reset pulse is generated with the arrival of each normal pulse, i.e., in the absence of the Unn signal, for which the signal corresponding to the pulse decay Ur, generated at the first output of the driver 11, is used. The operation of the device in calculating the breakdown packs is no different from the one described above, for which the control unit 10 is made two-channel; The breakdown pack counting is performed by the counter 15.

The proposed device allows simultaneous selection and

the expense of not only pulses with a reduced area, but also pulses with an increased amplitude, and this makes it possible to analyze breakdown phenomena in radio engineering devices incorporating microwave devices in order to detect with a high degree of reliability of sources of breakdowns — a microwave device or other items of equipment.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 5 A device for selecting and counting pulse skips, containing an adjustable delay unit, the input of which is connected to the clock bus and the first input of the visual indicator, and the output to the input of the adjustable pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the pulse shaper, and the second input of which is connected to the first bus input 5 pulses and the second input of the visual indicator, the third input with the first output of the adjustable source of the reference voltage, the first output with the first input of the integrator, and the second output with the first input of the comparison unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the integrator, and the first output with the second input of the pulse generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the control unit, the second 5 output with the second input of the integrator, and the third output with the input of the first pulse counter, and the second input of the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the input of the second pulse counter, 0 characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality by providing the possibility of selection and counting of pulses, the amplitude of which exceeds a specified value, in it 5, a gating unit, third and fourth pulse counters, a peak detector and a second bus of input pulses, which are connected to the first input of the peak detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the gating unit, and the first and second outputs of the fourth and fifth switches, respectively, are entered modes of operation, the sixth input of which is connected to the second bus of input pulses, 5, the third output is with the third input of the visual indicator, and the fourth output is with the third input of the comparison unit, the fourth input of which is connected to the second output of the adjustable voltage source, and the second output with the third input pulse generator, the fourth wiring with the input of the fourth counter, the impulse of which is connected to the input of the third axis, and the input of the gating unit of the pulse counter and the third input of the slave terminal with the output of the adjustable generator control, the second output of which is connecting-pulses. VSK ") five Ufa Wr IL .ъ & and tt Uht Ucfp well P g UuHTfnaicc) j one Rig2 II I IIIIIII III P Editor L.Pcholinska Techred M. Morgenthal Order 2510 Circulation: Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab. II # / gz Proofreader O. Kravtsov