SU1714028A1 - Method for combined dumping of tailings and overburden rocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the joint storage of waste from the overburden overburden. The purpose of the invention is to increase the sustainability of the tailings and reduce the cost of anti-filtration measures by reducing the hydrostatic head of the settling pond by placing it at a lower geodetic level. For this surface dump, bordering the tailings. in the form of a transition layer, they are filled with a material that does not create a shielding effect, i.e. permeable material. Before dumping the dump at the border or at the base of the Tailings Dam, water retaining dams are constructed from the lower side. dump slope ^ The height of dams is assigned not less than the expected water level in the settling pond. 4 hp f-ly. 6 Il.

Description

The invention relates to methods of storing in the industry waste ore-enrichment (tailings) and overburden of quarries, represented by gravel-pebble, coarse rock, or any other incompatible drainage material with a size exceeding the size of tailings.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the stability of the tailings and reduce the cost of anti-filtration measures by reducing the hydrostatic pressure of the waters of the settling pond by placing the settling pond at a lower geodetic level.

FIG. 1 shows an adjacent tailing dump at the initial stage of its construction, a cross-section; on

Figure 2 is the same at the final stage of construction; on fig.Z - the same, with the location of the dumps in the form of enclosing dams around the Tailing Dam; figure 4 - the same, with the location of the Dump in the inner zone of the hyostorage; Figure 5 - the same, with the location of the dump over the entire area of the Tailing Foundation; in fig. 6 - also, with the location of the blade on the part of the Tailing Base.

The method is carried out as follows.

On the prepared base 1 (Fig. 1), water discharge structures 2, consisting, for example, of water discharge wells and collectors, are mounted, and a waterproof dam 3 is erected. After that, the first stage of dump 4 from overburden is poured. For blade 4, it is necessary to use rocky overburden of open-cast mines, gravel and pebbles, and any other coarse-grained and coarse-grained unconnected soils. On the slopes of the blade 4, which will border the tails, arrange the transition layer 5 in the form of a reverse filter of soils that do not create a shielding effect with respect to water. Then, using the distribution slurry line 6, the inlet of the tailings pond 7 is started. The technological scheme of the alluvium is prescribed so that the slurry fed onto the maps of the alluvium flows to the surface of the dumped soil on which the transition layer 5 is deposited on it.

After filtering through the return filter, the water rushes to the bottom of the blade 4, filling the pore space in the soil. A settling pond 8 is gradually formed in the body of the blade 4. From the tailing dump 7, the settling pond 8 limits the tailing dump body itself, which is folded in the dump area (due to the fractionation effects) mainly by dust-clay particles with low water permeability. In this zone, a depression surface 9 is established in the body of the tailings 7, which is the boundary between the tails of natural humidity and fully saturated with water, which can be eliminated if, for example, a drainage is arranged at the bottom of the tail of the blade 4 to intercept the filtration flow. On other sides, the SECONDARY pond 8 restricts either the terrain or the waterproof dam 3, the height of which is set to correspond to the expected water level in the settling pond 8. The water level in the pond 8 is maintained by means of spillway structures 2, If base 1 is not sufficiently waterproof, then the bottom of the pond 8, prior to the filling of the 4Ac-Vg, additional anti-filtration measures, such as an anti-filtration screen, should be carried out. After the first stage of the tailings dam (Fig. 1) is closed, the subsequent outpacing of the dump 4 and the inlet of the tailings 7 (figure 2) are carried out.

Perhaps a different mutual arrangement of the blade 4 and the tailings 7. In figure 2, the tailings 7 is adjacent to the dumps 4 of one of its sides. On fig.Z dump is made in the form of the enclosing dam of the tailings storage 7, located on its perimeter. Figure 4 dump is located in the inner zone of the tailings. In this case, the need for the construction of a waterproof dam 3 is completely eliminated, since the settling pond 8 is on all sides

limited to the tailings body 7. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the heap 4 is fully or partially the base of the tailings 7. Combined heap layouts are also possible.

Example. A flat-type tailing dump with an area of 7.2 "1 is built with fencing dams (dumps) from

a variety of rock overburden coming directly from the quarry. The weighted average overburden size is 138 mm, porosity is 0.4, the filtration coefficient is 99.4 m / day. The bottom of the tailings is 85.0 m. Before the dumping of the dumps at its base, a waterproof dam is made from compacted loam to the mark 97.0 m along the bottom slope along the perimeter of the tailing

dumping is filled with rock overburden to the same mark. Hti top: the slope is stacked with a 3 m return filter. The tailings are filled by dumping the slurry in the central part. After the first stage is closed, the building of the dam to the second stage is built up and all-in-place continues. These operations are repeated until the Itch reaches the final level of the dump-enclosing dam, leaving 161.0 m. The water level in the settling pond formed in the dump body is not maintained throughout the entire tailings erection period.

96.0m

The formulas of the invention 1. A method of jointly storing tails and overburden, including

dumping dump from draining overburden, dumping transitional layers in the form of reverse filters on the surfaces of the dump bordering the tails, creating water-retaining elements, alluding to the tailing dump with the formation of a settling pond, which is the fact that in order to increase stability storages and reducing the cost of anti-filtration measures by reducing the hydrostatic pressure of the water of the settling pond by placing it at a lower geodetic level, the settling pond ormiruyut blade in the body, and the dumping of transition

The layers are made of water-permeable materials, water-holding elements are created with the formation of a water-holding capacity inside the heap, and the tailings in the alluvium lead with the influx of clarified slurry water to the heap.

2. The method according to claim 1, about tl and h a y i and so. that dump dumps on the outer boundary of the tailings.

3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that. dumping dump in the inner zone of the tailings.

4. Method according to Claim 1, with reference to the fact that the dump is poured into the foundation of the tailing dump,.

5. The method according to p. 2 or 4, of which there is a water retaining element in the form of a watertight dam restricting the settling pond in the absence of water retaining piles at the bottom of the dump before dumping it from the bottom slope. elements in the form of a tailing body or natural terrain, and

the height of the dam is prescribed not less than the water level in the settling pond.

- J / 7 /

5 JT 4 8

FIG. 6 g

Claims (5)

Claim 1. A method for joint storage of tailings and overburden, including dumping the dump from draining overburden, dumping transition layers in the form of inverse filters on the surfaces of the dump adjacent to the tails, creating water-retaining elements, washing the tailings interconnected with the dump with the formation of a settling pond, characterized in that, in order to increase the stability of the tailings and reduce the cost of antifiltration measures by reducing the hydrostatic pressure of the waters of the settling pond by its location at a lower geodetic mark, a settling pond is formed in the body of the dump, while the transition layers are filled with water-permeable materials, water-retaining elements are created with the formation of a water-holding capacity inside the dump, and the tailings are washed with an influx of clarified slurry water to the dump. 1714028 b 2. The method according to π.1, with the fact that the dump is dumped at the outer boundary of the tailing dump. 3. The method according to p. that the dump is dumped in the inner zone of the tailing dump. 4. The method according to claim 1, with the requirement that the dump is dumped at the base of the tailing dump. 5. The method according to claim 2 or 4, which entails that a water-retaining element in the form of a water-resistant dam limiting the settling pond in areas where there are no water-retaining elements in the form of a body is first erected at the base of the blade before being dumped from the bottom slope. tailings or natural topography, and the height of the dam is assigned at least the level of water in a settling pond. fae. 1 Phase 2