CN112575746A - Ore drawing method for improving stability of dam body - Google Patents
Ore drawing method for improving stability of dam body Download PDFInfo
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- CN112575746A CN112575746A CN202011575619.7A CN202011575619A CN112575746A CN 112575746 A CN112575746 A CN 112575746A CN 202011575619 A CN202011575619 A CN 202011575619A CN 112575746 A CN112575746 A CN 112575746A
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- ore drawing
- ore
- dam
- tailings
- tailing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
- E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
- E02B7/06—Earth-fill dams; Rock-fill dams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/004—Sealing liners
Abstract
The invention discloses an ore drawing method for improving dam body stability, which comprises the following steps: a plurality of ore drawing areas are divided in the tailing pond, adjacent ore drawing areas are separated by a safe distance, it is guaranteed that ore pulp cannot flow into the adjacent ore drawing areas, and an ore drawing device is arranged on a dam body corresponding to each ore drawing area. Selecting an ore drawing area and drawing ore, controlling the deposition thickness of a tailing deposition beach to be 10-30 cm, and enabling the tailing deposition beach to exceed the outer edge of a next sub-dam area; and extracting tailings at the outer edge of the next sub-dam reservoir area at the same time every day after ore drawing is finished, extracting 5-7 groups, testing the water content until the water content of the tailings tends to be stable and does not change any more, and obtaining the testing days which are the time required by consolidation of the tailings at the thickness. By scientifically adjusting the ore drawing period and the ore drawing thickness, the bearing capacity of the sub-dam foundation can be improved without adding any equipment and facilities, the huge potential safety hazard of poor sub-dam stability caused by high water content of the tailing deposit beach surface is solved, and the production safety is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tailing treatment, and particularly relates to an ore drawing method for improving dam body stability.
Background
About 72 percent of tailing ponds in China are built by adopting an upstream type dam building method, the initial dam is built firstly by the upstream type dam building method, tailings are discharged from the periphery of the top of the dam, a sedimentary beach face is formed, the storage capacity of a sub-dam needs to be built along with the rising of the sedimentary beach face, the sedimentary beach face in the previous period and a part of a dam body in the previous stage are used as the foundation of a newly-built sub-dam, and a new sub-dam is built until the design elevation is reached. At present, the granularity of tailings in China is mostly fine, the tailings are poor in water permeability and long in consolidation time after being put in storage, particularly, if water in the bottom tailings of the sedimentary beach surface is not discharged in time, the newly discharged tailings are covered by a certain thickness and then are difficult to discharge, the water content of the bottom tailings of the sedimentary beach surface is high, the bearing capacity of the sedimentary beach surface is insufficient, and the stability of sub-dams is poor.
Most of the existing ore drawing methods of the tailing pond adjust the ore drawing area according to the distance between the water side line in the pond area and the beach top, namely whether the length of a dry beach meets the requirement and the flatness condition of a beach surface. And no corresponding requirements are made on the ore drawing thickness and the interval period of each ore drawing area. If the thickness of primary ore drawing is too thick, water deposited on the bottom layer of the beach surface is difficult to discharge, so that the water content of tailings at the bottom layer is high; if the interval period of ore drawing is short and the drainage consolidation time is short, the water content of bottom tailings is high, and finally the bearing capacity of the sedimentary beach surface is insufficient and the stability of the sub-dam is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ore drawing method for improving the stability of a dam body, and aims to solve the problems that the existing ore drawing method of a tailing pond is unreasonable, so that the water content of the bottom layer of a sedimentary beach surface is high, and the safety of the dam body is affected.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ore drawing method for improving the stability of a dam body comprises the following steps:
1) a plurality of ore drawing areas are divided in a tailing pond, adjacent ore drawing areas are separated by a certain safety distance, so that ore pulp is prevented from flowing into the adjacent ore drawing areas, and an ore drawing device is arranged on a dam body corresponding to each ore drawing area;
2) selecting one ore drawing area and drawing ore through an ore drawing device, controlling the deposition thickness of a tailing deposition beach to be 10-30 cm, and enabling the front edge of the tailing deposition beach to exceed the outer edge of a lower sub-dam storage area; extracting tailings at the outer edge of the next sub-dam reservoir area at the same time every day after ore drawing is finished, extracting 5-7 groups, testing the water content until the water content of the tailings tends to be stable and does not change any more, wherein the obtained testing days are the time required by consolidation of the tailings at the thickness, and simultaneously recording the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the environment during testing;
3) repeating the step 2) to obtain the tailing consolidation time under different beach settlement thicknesses;
4) selecting an optimal ore drawing thickness value according to the data obtained in the steps 2) and 3) and the actual ore drawing amount requirement in production; the optimal ore drawing thickness value can reduce the water content of a tailing deposit beach and reduce the consolidation time on the premise of meeting the ore drawing requirement, and when ore drawing is carried out in the same ore drawing area, the number of days for consolidating the tailings at the last time is more than or equal to the number of days measured in the steps 2) and 3).
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by scientifically adjusting the ore drawing period and the ore drawing thickness, the bearing capacity of the sub-dam foundation can be improved without adding any equipment and facilities, the huge potential safety hazard of poor sub-dam stability caused by high water content of the tailing deposit beach surface is solved, and the production safety is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of ore of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-an initial dam, 2-a lower sub dam, 3-a main ore drawing pipeline, 4-an ore drawing branch pipe valve, 5-an ore drawing branch pipe, 6-a sediment beach surface and 7-an outer edge of the lower sub dam.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1, an ore drawing method for improving the stability of a dam body comprises the following steps:
1) a plurality of ore drawing areas are divided in the tailing pond, and adjacent ore drawing areas are separated by a safe distance, so that the ore pulp can not flow into the adjacent ore drawing areas. An ore drawing device is arranged on a dam body of the initial dam 1 corresponding to each ore drawing area, and the ore drawing device comprises an ore drawing main pipeline 3, an ore drawing branch pipe 5 and an ore drawing branch pipe 5 valve 4.
2) Selecting one ore drawing area and drawing ore through an ore drawing device, controlling the deposition thickness of a tailing deposition beach to be 10-30 cm, and enabling the tailing deposition beach to exceed the outer edge of a lower sub-dam 2 reservoir area; and extracting tailings at 7 positions of the outer edge of the next sub-dam at the same time every day after ore drawing is finished, extracting 5-7 groups, testing the water content until the water content of the tailings tends to be stable and does not change any more, wherein the obtained testing days are the time required by consolidation of the tailings at the thickness, and recording the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the environment during testing. When sampling, the sampler is inserted into the tailings sedimentation beach, and the sampling thickness is equal to the paving thickness of the tailings.
The particle size distribution rule of the tailings after ore drawing is that the tailings particle size is reduced from the bottom of the dam body to the inner direction of the reservoir area, so that a sampling point is arranged at the outer edge of the lower sub-dam 2, namely the position with the finest particle size of the tailings deposit beach surface 6 of the lower sub-dam 2, the corresponding position is also the position with the longest drainage and consolidation time, the deposit beach surface 6 is drained and consolidated, and other areas with the surface can also form consolidation.
3) And (3) repeating the step 2) to obtain the tailing consolidation time under different beach settlement thicknesses, and testing the tailings in layers with different thicknesses of 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm and 30mm respectively. Therefore, the optimal ore drawing height is obtained, and the optimal ore drawing height needs to meet the conditions of three aspects: firstly, after drainage consolidation, the water content of the tailings which tend to a stable value is relatively low; secondly, the drainage consolidation time cannot be too long, otherwise the beach surface of the reservoir area is uneven, and particularly the dry beach length of the tailing reservoir with smaller reservoir area is difficult to guarantee; and thirdly, the ore drawing period cannot be too short, so that the increase of labor capacity caused by frequent switching of ore drawing areas is avoided.
4) And (3) switching the ore drawing areas after each area draws the ore to the height, wherein the optimal ore drawing height obtained by the steps 2) and 3) and the actual ore drawing quantity requirement in production are obtained, and the ore drawing interval time of each area cannot be less than the drainage consolidation time corresponding to the height. Meanwhile, in order to more conveniently control the ore drawing thickness in daily production, the number of days for reaching the thickness in a test can be counted, an average value is taken as the ore drawing time of the thickness, and if the upstream ore production quantity is adjusted, the ore drawing days can be adjusted according to the ore quantity adjusting proportion. The method reduces the water content of the bottom of the sediment beach surface 6, improves the bearing capacity of the sub-dam foundation, and improves the safety and stability of the sub-dam.
Field test data:
the method is tested by taking a tailings pond of Jinchuan group Limited company as an experimental site, wherein the tailings pond belongs to a three-class pond of flat land and dam construction around the flat land. The tailings of the copper-nickel sulfide ore are selected, the ore drawing concentration is 40%, and the content of the tailings with the grain size of less than 75 mu m is about 90%. The test data of ore drawing by this method are shown in table 1. The average minimum temperature during the test was 11 ℃ and the average maximum temperature was 30 ℃. According to the test data results in table 1 and production practice, the tailings pond selects the ore drawing thickness of each ore drawing area to be 15cm, and the ore drawing period is 15 days. In the following table, at the initial stage of tailing discharge, the tailings are in a liquid state, the moisture content is high when people see, the sampling is inconvenient to enter a site for sampling, and the sampling work is carried out after the surface layer of the tailings is basically solidified after ore discharge is carried out for 5-10 days.
From the above table it can be derived:
when the ore drawing thickness is 10cm, the water content tends to be stable after 17 days;
when the ore drawing thickness is 15cm, the water content tends to be stable after 19 days;
when the ore drawing thickness is 20cm, the water content tends to be stable after 21 days;
when the ore drawing thickness is 25cm, the water content tends to be stable after 27 days;
when the ore drawing thickness is 30cm, the water content tends to be stable after 27 days;
it should be noted that the above are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An ore drawing method for improving the stability of a dam body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) a plurality of ore drawing areas are divided in a tailing pond, adjacent ore drawing areas are separated by a certain safety distance, so that ore pulp is prevented from flowing into the adjacent ore drawing areas, and an ore drawing device is arranged on a dam body corresponding to each ore drawing area;
2) selecting one ore drawing area and drawing ore through an ore drawing device, controlling the deposition thickness of a tailing deposition beach to be 10-30 cm, and enabling the front edge of the tailing deposition beach to exceed the outer edge of a lower sub-dam storage area; extracting tailings at the outer edge of the next sub-dam reservoir area at the same time every day after ore drawing is finished, extracting 5-7 groups, testing the water content until the water content of the tailings tends to be stable and does not change any more, wherein the obtained testing days are the time required by consolidation of the tailings at the thickness, and simultaneously recording the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the environment during testing;
3) repeating the step 2) to obtain the tailing consolidation time under different beach settlement thicknesses;
4) selecting an optimal ore drawing thickness value according to the data obtained in the steps 2) and 3) and the actual ore drawing amount requirement in production; the optimal ore drawing thickness value can reduce the water content of a tailing deposit beach and reduce the consolidation time on the premise of meeting the ore drawing requirement, and when ore drawing is carried out in the same ore drawing area, the number of days for consolidating the tailings at the last time is more than or equal to the number of days measured in the steps 2) and 3).
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| CN202011575619.7A CN112575746A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Ore drawing method for improving stability of dam body |
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| CN202011575619.7A CN112575746A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Ore drawing method for improving stability of dam body |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1714028A1 (en) * | 1990-06-05 | 1992-02-23 | Научно-производственное объединение по осушению месторождений полезных ископаемых и специальным горным работам | Method for combined dumping of tailings and overburden rocks |
| CN106284205A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for building dam by hydraulic flushing of tailings of mold bag edge stems |
| CN107604891A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-19 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Flow-guiding type ore drawing Ikeda and its ore drawing method |
| CN110747865A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-04 | 中冶沈勘秦皇岛工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Device and method for quickly forming beach by fine tailings |
-
2020
- 2020-12-28 CN CN202011575619.7A patent/CN112575746A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1714028A1 (en) * | 1990-06-05 | 1992-02-23 | Научно-производственное объединение по осушению месторождений полезных ископаемых и специальным горным работам | Method for combined dumping of tailings and overburden rocks |
| CN106284205A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for building dam by hydraulic flushing of tailings of mold bag edge stems |
| CN107604891A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-19 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Flow-guiding type ore drawing Ikeda and its ore drawing method |
| CN110747865A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-04 | 中冶沈勘秦皇岛工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Device and method for quickly forming beach by fine tailings |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 马忠鑫等: "蒸发作用对细粒尾矿固结性能影响的试验研究", 《世界有色金属》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210330 |