SU1684510A1 - Method for constructing mine working - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to underground construction and can be used when carrying out workings of a large cross-section, fixed with anchor bolts. It allows you to increase the speed of construction of production by combining the operations of the tunnel cycle. Advance development is conducted, holes are drilled under it, and composite anchors are installed in them with a burial by the amount of displacement of the main production contour and behind it. The component parts of the anchors are made in the form of spacer thermocyclic elements from a material with a memory effect of a form. Between the anchors it is possible to drill additional holes and install additional spacer elements in them. The ends of the anchors and elements can be interconnected and create thrust, compression or vibration forces between them. Thus, the destruction of the rock and the opening of a section of the main excavation are carried out. Destruction of rocks is carried out in separate parts, the cross-sectional areas of which are determined from the analytical expression, taking into account the performance of performing uncombined operations. 5 hp f-ly, 2 ill. SO with

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used when conducting mine workings at great depths, in the zone of intensive displacement of host rocks and when carrying out mine workings of a large cross section.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of the construction of production by combining the operations of the tunnel cycle.

Figure 1 shows the leading and main production, longitudinal section; figure 2 - the same cross section.

FIG. 1, 2 designates ahead of advance 1, bore holes 2 drilled from it, main 3 outputs, composite anchors 4. installed in bore holes 2, additional bore holes 5 drilled within the limits of the main 3 section, spacers 6 installed in additional bore holes 5, elements 7 connecting the ends of the spacer elements 6 and composite anchors 4.

The method of constructing a mine working can be implemented as follows.

When conducting advance 1 development from it, drill holes 2 holes intersecting the cross section of the main 3 output, the depth of which is increased by the amount of expected displacements of the design output circuit 3 after it has been completed with a full section. Then set in test

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Composite anchor holes -4, designed to support the rocks beyond the contour of the leading 1 and main 3 workings. The individual parts of the composite anchors A, crossing the cross section of the main 3 generation, are made in the form of spacer elements, for example, in the form of hydrocline or a thermal cycling element made of a material that has a shape memory. The spacers may be connected to other parts of the composite anchors, and may not be associated with them. When rock is destroyed in the main 3 generation and its cross section is opened, thrusting is created in the spacer elements of the composite anchors 4, for example, the temperature of the spacer elements made of materials with shape memory effect is above or below the martensitic transformation temperature. At the same time, the spacer elements affect the rock mass and cause stresses in it, which lead to the destruction or weakening of rocks. In the latter case, the reinforced rocks are destroyed, for example, by a combine, a scraper, or additional exposed surfaces are created by drilling additional holes 5 within the cross section of the main 3 development. To crush rocks into separate additional holes 5, they install spacer elements 6, interconnect the ends of spacer elements 6 and composite anchors A, protruding from the holes, with connecting elements and create their vibration and spread or compression when rocks are destroyed in the main 3 mine workings. All this contributes to the destruction of rocks and obtaining the desired sizes of pieces of destructible rocks for their loading and transportation. After or at the time of the destruction of rocks, separate parts of composite anchors 4 crossing the cross section of the main 3 excavation are separated from composite anchors 4 by heating or cooling the elements connecting separate parts of composite anchors 4 made of material with a shape memory effect above or below temperature martensitic transformation.

And, finally, they destroy the rock mass in the lagging part of the production by separate parts, the cross-sectional areas of which are determined from the ratio

- & Ј-,

where So is the area of the main production section;

Vi, ш and Vj, nj - the volume and productivity of the 1st and jth non-interchangeable operations in the leading and main workings, respectively;

n, m - the number of unplaced operations, respectively, in advanced and main workings;

n0 is the productivity of the destruction of part of the rocks in the main working;

3 - magnitude of advancement of the main generation.

After separating the parts of the composite anchors 4, crossing the cross section of the main 3 excavation, the remaining part of the composite anchors 4 is used to support the rocks behind the contour of the extended part of the excavation.

Then, after the implementation of the displacement of the project production contour, the required output section is restored by any known method, for example, as described above. In this case, the parts of the composite anchors 4 that intersect the section of the expandable excavation 3 are disconnected in the manner described above from the part of the composite anchors 4 located in the bore holes 2 outside the section of the extended excavation 3, which continue to be used to maintain it.

The proposed method for the construction of mine workings can be implemented during any workings - inclined and horizontal, field and reservoir, followed by lava, as well as

expansion and repair of mine workings,

The use of the method is most effective for carrying out large-section mine workings in complex geological conditions in connection with

great laboriousness and low speed of such workings, as well as workings carried out after the lava.

In addition, when using this method, it is provided: reduction of labor costs and increase of safety of operations during rock destruction in the main development due to the exclusion of rock outburst supported by composite anchors installed in bore-holes, drilled

from advanced production; an increase in the speed of development by ensuring continuity and combining work in advanced and main workings; possibility of making workings with

anchor bolts under conditions of intense displacement of the production contour (e.g., heaving) by using composite anchors and increasing the depth of the hole by the magnitude of this displacement.

Claims (6)

1. A method for constructing a mine working, which includes carrying out an advance working, drilling holes from it in front of the main working area and installing anchors in them outside its section, destroying the rock and opening the section of the main production, so that that, with the aim of increasing the speed of the construction of the mine by combining the operations of the tunnel cycle, the anchor is installed with a depth of displacement of the contour of the main mine after it is performed and they are made of components, while within the section of the main curve the machining components of the anchors are made in the form of spacer elements, and the destruction of the rock is carried out by creating thrust forces in these elements, 2, the method according to claim 1, wherein the components of the anchors are interconnected by thermally cycling elements of a material with a shape memory effect. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, which distinguishes , the fact that between the holes in which the anchors are installed, additional holes are drilled within the main production section, 4. The method according to PP.1-3, about tl and h a y sch and d-30 so that in some additional 0 five The bore holes install additional spacers and destroy the rock by creating thrust forces in them. 5. The method according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the ends of the anchors and the spacer elements protruding from the holes are connected, thrust and compression forces or vibrations are created between them and the rock is destroyed. 6. The method according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the destruction of rocks is carried out in separate parts, the cross-sectional areas of which are determined from the ratio zo ((3) i 1 m j 1 J 3 where So is the area of the main production section; Vi.rti.Vj.rij - the volume and productivity of performing the i-th and J-th non-interchangeable operations, respectively, in the leading and main workings; n, m is the number of unplaced operations, respectively, in the leading and main workings; Po - the productivity of rock destruction in the main working; 13 is the magnitude of the advancement of the main production. ЈЈ. VLA 22  // l /// / 7G  W and W 7 / hCg // 7 Schig.1 4Ј n, s sh sh 4Ј - & s J / 77 / ff Do / //, /// /// TO And w and 2 4 77 I i L  WTTTT / Tn Schi i g