SU1647203A1 - Underground construction technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of construction. The advanced technological development (B) 1 passes, while it is located above the design contour of the main B 2. From B 1 from top to bottom, the fan borehole 3. The lower part 4 of the protective shell is formed from reinforced soil. At the same time, supporting piles 6 and side screens 7 are made of reinforced concrete piles, rigidly connected to the lower part 4. Then, B 1 is filled with a carrier material, for example, concrete. After that, under the protection of a closed shell, B2 is passed and its lining is erected. 6 Il.

Description

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The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the construction of underground structures, such as tunnels, in unstable, heavily flooded soils, as well as in zones of tectonic faults.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of construction.

FIG. 1-6 shows the successive stages of construction.

The construction of an underground structure begins with the excavation of technological excavation 1 above the contour of the future primary excavation 2 using special penetration methods and using special mining equipment (FIG. 1), for example, by chemically fixing the soil mass.

From technological production 1 in the direction from top to bottom, the drilling of the well 3, is consumed by a fan in the cross section of the main production 2 (Fig. 2). With the help of wells 3 in the area around the lower part of the main production contour 2, the lower part 4 of the protective shell is erected from the fixed soil layer.

The lower part 4 of the containment shell is erected by one of the known methods, for example, by drilling from the upper technological development of 1 wells to the required depth with partial substitution of natural soils in the zone of the lower part of the containment shell by creating artificial cavities using the method of hydraulic erosion, explosion, etc. and simultaneously filling these cavities with hardening compositions, or, for example, by locally strengthening the soils in the zone of the lower part of the containment shell by permanently freezing them.

The lower part 4 of the containment shell is supported on support piles 5, which are erected simultaneously with it in one of the ways of its construction (Fig. 3).

Simultaneously with filling the artificial cavity with hardening compositions, support piles are reinforced, for example, with pieces of metal rods and pipes, and in the case of the method of permanent freezing, the reinforcing elements are sections of metal freezing columns. Reinforced supporting piles are denoted by pos. b (Fig. 4). At the same time, a side shield 7 is constructed from the excavation 1, for example, from reinforced concrete or tubular piles and rigidly connected to the lower part 4 of the containment shell.

Performing the lower part 4 of the containment shell of a fixed layer of soil allows you to get a solid strong layer located under the main development

2, which performs the function of additional support for the main working 2 and is capable, for example, of taking part of the load from equipment installed in the working.

After this, the technological development 1 is filled with a hardening composition, for example, concrete, and thus a longitudinal support beam 8 is created with the upper ends of the piles of the protective screen 7 fixed in it (Fig. 5).

As a result of all these actions, a closed protective shell is formed, consisting of a supporting longitudinal beam 8, side protective screen 7 and lower part 4, with all the elements of the shell rigidly connected to each other.

After the erection of the containment shell under its protection, the main excavation 2 is penetrated with the permanent lining 9 erected.

An underground structure of such a construction has an increased bearing capacity due to the presence of a closed containment surrounding it, which

of all sides reliably protects the structure from the mountain hydrostatic pressure. In this case, the pressure transmitted to the lining of the mine workings through the protective sheath decreases in size and is evenly distributed over the whole section of the mine work.

The proposed method can be implemented in a wide range of soils with zones of tectonic faults using

heavy mining equipment.

Claims (1)

Claims The method of construction of underground structures, including the construction of a closed containment shell behind the design contour of the main development, the subsequent penetration of the main development and the construction of its lining, characterized in that, in order to reduce the labor intensity of construction, the construction of the basic development advanced technological development from which the well is drilled and the lower part of the containment shell is erected from reinforced soil, as well as Reinforced concrete pile screens, after which the technological output is filled with a carrier material, for example concrete. Ft Schi g Fig3 eight FIG. five § Sq. 6