SU1680349A1 - Gas-dust flow cleaning device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the separation of dust from the gas and dust flow during the cyclone process and reduces energy consumption by reducing the hydraulic resistance and increase the degree of gas purification from dust when trapping dust particles of a wide fractional composition. The device has a flat mesh spreader streams, placed in the housing vertically between the end of the outlet nozzle and the bottom of the hopper and made composite. The proposed thread spinner consists of a central part and two peripheral parts. The living section of the center-spinner grid is 40-50%, and the peripheral 60-70%. The width of the central part of the grid in the zone of the cylindrical part of the body is equal to O _B p, and the peripheral parts equal to Ots-Ovp 2. In the area of the conical part of the body, the width of these parts gradually decreases. The width of the central zone of the hopper portion is configured to be 0.5 bc, and Peripheral equal / ^_ bc 0.5 bc / this- 2. When the inner diameter of the inlet pipe; - internal diameter of the cylindrical part of the body; BC - the diameter of the outlet of the cone. 2 Il.

The invention relates to the field of dust from the gas and dust flow during the cyclone process and can be used in industries in which production conditions require the use of reciprocating cyclone apparatus for dust collection.

The aim of the invention is to reduce energy consumption for the conduct of a cyclone process by reducing the hydraulic resistance and increasing the degree of gas purification while trapping dust of a wide fractional composition.

Figure 1 shows a device for cleaning a gas and dust flow, general view; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one.

A device for cleaning a gas and dust flow comprises a housing 1 provided with an inlet nozzle 2, an axial outlet nozzle 3 and an unwinding flow 4, a bunker 5 for collecting solid particles.

The straightener 4 flow is installed vertically in the area between the end of the outlet nozzle 3 and the bottom of the hopper 5. It is made of composite, consisting of a central part 6 and two peripheral parts 7, mounted on the central part and located opposite to each other along

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the longitudinal axis of the device with the possibility of their contact in the inner surface of the cyclone. The central part 6 and the peripheral parts 7 of the net straightener 4 are made of a metal grid with a different live section.

The central part is made with a live section of the grid 40-50%, and the peripheral parts are made with a live section of the grid 60-70%,

The width of the central portion 6 mesh straightener area in the cylindrical portion of the cyclone body 1 • made equal to O _Bn, and peripheral portions equal to (G _q -O _ch) / 2. In the zone of the conical part of the cyclone body, the width of the central part and the peripheral parts are made gradually decreasing from ϋ _ΒΠ to 0.5 s) k for the central part and from (One-O _in l) / 2 to (e) k-0.50k) / 2 for peripheral parts. In the bunker zone, the width of the central part is equal to 0.5 s1 _k , and the peripheral parts are equal to (άκ-0.5ΰ _κ ) / 2.

From the experience of cyclones, it is known that one of the critical factors in their work is air leakage in the bunker. If to allow air leaks into the bunker, the degree of purification decreases. The gas spiral along the cyclone axis contributes to the air flow. Its characteristic size (diameter) is different in different parts of the dust collection device. In a bunker, usually its diameter is 0.5 of the diameter of the outlet of the conical part of the cyclone body. And in a cyclone, the diameter of the upstream gas spiral can be between 0.5 and 1 diameter of the cyclone outlet. The gas spiral comes to the bunker (dust collector) mixes up already settled dust and takes small particles. Therefore, it is important to maximize the upward spiral of gas. This is facilitated by the implementation of the central part of the straightener grid with a live section of 40-50% and the specified sizes.

The device works as follows.

Gas and dust flow enters through the inlet 2 (tangential or spiral snail) into the housing 1 and acquires a rotational motion. The descending spiral-like rotating flow falls along the inner walls of the cyclone body and on its way repeatedly passes through the peripheral parts 7 of the straightener 4.

This allows you to unleash the downward flow, with the spinup flow is proportional to the size of the living section of the straightening grid.

Next, the downward rotating flow, in which the bulk of the generated dust is concentrated, enters the hopper 5, which serves as a dust collector for collected dust, where the final sedimentation of particles takes place. The flow then rotates 180 ° and forms an upward rotating flow of dust-free gas inside the downstream. This stream leaves the bunker 5 and, when moving upwards through the body of the bunker and the cyclone, repeatedly passes through the central part 6 of the straightener grid 4. Then the ascending stream is removed from the cyclone through the outlet nozzle 3.

The implementation of the peripheral parts 7 of the straightener grid 4 streams with a living cross section equal to 60-70% allows cleaning dust from the housing 1, having a wide fractional composition, within the range of dust particles usually caught in the cyclone (5-500 μm), and to increase the degree of dust collection in comparison with devices in which single nets with a live section equal to 60-70% or even 70-80% are installed.

In addition, the proposed technical solution also makes it possible to reduce hydraulic resistance (reduce energy consumption) compared with the above-mentioned devices, and compared with devices with a grid with a living cross section of 40-50%, it allows for a higher degree of purification. This is achieved by the fact that the central part 6 of the 4 straightening grid of the 4 threads is made with a live section of 40-50%.

The width of the central part 6 of the straightener grid 4 in the zone of the cylindrical part of the housing 1 is equal to Ovp, and the peripheral parts (Od-O vp) / 2. In the zone of the conical part of the housing 1, the width of the central 6 and peripheral 7 parts gradually decreases for the central part 6 from Ovp to 0.5ΰκ, and for the peripheral parts 7 from (Od-O _V l) / 2 to (b _to -0.5s1k) / 2. In the zone of the bunker 5, the width of the central part 6 is 0.5 and the peripheral parts 7 is equal to ( _κ -0.5 ) _κ ) / 2, where ϋ _Β π is the internal diameter of the cyclone outlet branch pipe; Od is the inner diameter of the cylindrical part of the cyclone body; with! _to - the diameter of the outlet of the conical part of the cyclone body. Such a design of the central 6 and 7 peripheral parts of the mesh of the spinning device 4 of the flow reduces the secondary ash of dust from the bunker 5, since it contributes to the maximum spin of the upward gas spiral, which promotes the ash of already collected dust. This happens due to the implementation of the width of the central part

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6 mesh straightener 4 equal to the diameter of the upward flow. And the implementation of the width of the peripheral parts 7 of the straightener grid 4 flows of the above dimensions, in turn, allows you to spin the downward gas-dust flow throughout its value, as the flow gradually increases in size, expands in the cyclone from the size of the inlet to about 2-2.5 sizes width (snail entrance) or the diameter of the inlet pipe when it moves along the cylindrical part of the cyclone body.

In the conical part of the housing 1, the implementation of the aforementioned "sizes of the central 6 and peripheral 7 parts of the 4-straightener mesh provides further promotion of the downward and upward flows, as well as intensive dust release from the outlet opening of the housing 1. This is due to the rearrangement of the velocity field and the appearance of the axial flow velocity component prevailing over the tangential and radial components of the flow velocity after repeated flow of the straightener mesh 4,

In the zone of the bunker 5, where the downward flow rotates 180 °, performing the central 6 and peripheral 7 parts of the 4 straightener mesh provides intensive unwinding of a part of the downward flow and a fully upward flow, which reduces the entrainment of the already collected dust from the bunker 5 and reduces energy consumption for cyclone process in the proposed device.

The peripheral parts 7 are mounted on the central part 6, for example, by bolting or soldering.

Compound straightener 4 threads attached to the end of the outlet nozzle 3 with its upper end (for example, by welding), the lower end of the straightener 4 is placed freely above the outlet of the hopper 5.

The results of the compared tests show that the proposed technical solution, compared with the basic device, allows to increase the degree of purification while trapping a wide fraction of the dust material from 0.4 to 0.9%, as well as to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the device (therefore, to reduce energy consumption) when conducting a cyclone process from 1.5 to 2 times.

The proposed device allows the creation of highly efficient designs of cyclone apparatuses for trapping dry dust particles in a wide range of captured particles with low energy consumption and a high degree of dust removal.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for cleaning a gas and dust flow containing a cylindrical housing with inlet and axial outlet nozzles, a collection bin for solid particles, a flat mesh spreader installed vertically along the axis of the housing between the butt end of the outlet nozzle and the bottom of the hopper I have the fact that, in order to reduce energy consumption by reducing the hydraulic resistance and increasing the degree of gas purification while trapping particles of a wide fractional composition, the flow spinner is made of a composite, two central and x peripheral parts in contact with the inner surface of the case, while the living section of the central part of the straightening grid is 40-50%, and the peripheral parts - 60-70%, and the width of the central part of the grid in the cylindrical part of the body is О _В п, and the peripheral parts - (Od-O _B p) / 2, in the conical part of the body the width of the central and peripheral parts decreases in the direction of the exit of dust, and in the bunker the width of the central part is 0.5 and the peripheral parts - (sk-0.5sk) / 2 where _OV n - inner diameter of the outlet nozzle, the inner Od d diameter of the cylindrical body portion, Oak - outlet diameter of the conical portion of the housing. 1680349 (Rc-Rvp) 2 t  \ one Have g t l ,four 7 ^ * one (d _to -0.58 _k ) 2 'Ym! g X “A FIG. one