SU1653587A1 - Method of applying fertilizers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural land reclamation and can be used in irrigated agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to increase the growth rate of the biomass of irrigated plants due to the intensification of their assimilation of ions of chemical elements. The method of fertilizer application is that before applying the fertilizer solution to irrigation water, they are subjected to electrodialysis at a concentration of the fertilizer solution of 50-70 g / l. The activated components of the solutions anolyte and catholyte are injected into the irrigation flow alternately. 1 hp f-ly, 3 Il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural land reclamation and can be used in irrigated agriculture.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the growth rate of the biomass of irrigated plants due to the intensification of their assimilation of ions of chemical elements.

Figure 1 is a diagram of a fertilizer applicator; Fig. 2 shows plots of bean growth, for irrigation with tap water (a) - liquid fertilizer (b) with alternate irrigation with anolyte and catholyte solution of activated fertilizer (c); Fig. 3 shows the graphs of growth of wheat for irrigation with tap water (a), for irrigation with liquid fertilizer (b), for alternate irrigation with anolyte and catholyte solution of activated fertilizer (c).

A device that implements the method of fertilizing the soil, contains a tank of 1 liquid fertilizer, a valve 2, an electrolyzer

3, in which electrodes 4 and 5 and a membrane septum 6 are installed. Electrodes 4 and 5 are connected to a direct current source. The device also contains valves 7 and 8, an anolyte collector 9, a catholyte collector 10. valves 11, 12, a pump 13, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the valves 11, 12, a pipeline 14 connected to the inlet of the pump 13, a reservoir 15 and a control unit 16 that controls the operation of valves 2, 7, 8, 11, 12 , i.e., controls their opening and closing on a given cycle.

A device that implements the method of fertilizing the soil, works as follows.

When the valve 2 is turned on from the tank 1, the liquid fertilizer enters the electrolyzer 3. in which electrodes 4 and 5 are mounted, which are connected to a direct current source. Under the action of an electric field, the liquid fertilizer in the electrolyzer 3 is divided into anolyte and catholyte solutions. These solutions when triggering

WITH

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with

m

New 7 and 8 are received in the anolyte collection 9 and the catholyte collection 10.

The control unit 16 alternately turns on the valve 11 and 12. When the pump 13 is running, the storage tank 15 draws water and is supplied for irrigation through the pipeline 17. Since the valves 11 and 12 do not turn on simultaneously, the anolyte will flow into the irrigation flow and catholyte. Their concentration is regulated by the opening time of valves 11 and 12.

Example. To increase the growth rate of the biomass of wheat and beans, nutrient solutions (anolyte and catholyte) were prepared, obtained by an electrolyzer of a solution of complex nutrient mixture No. 5 containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and boron and dissolved in tap water to obtain a concentration of mineral substances before electrolysis - 60 g / l. The electrolysis was carried out with a direct current with the following parameters: a voltage of 220 volts, a current of 7 amperes, a unit cost of electricity of 2 Wh per 1 l of consumed initial fertilizer solution. As a result of electrolysis, activated solutions of fertilizers (anolyte and catholyte) were obtained with parameters: anolyte pH 3, catholyte pH 12.

The results of comparative experiments are presented in the table.

Before use, the anolyte and catholyte solutions were further diluted with tap water at a ratio of 1: 100 (1 l of the activated solution was diluted with 100 l of water).

The calculation of the total dose of fertilizers obtained nutrient solutions and the irrigation rate were determined according to the recommendations of SevNIIGim (recommendations for irrigation of agricultural crops in the Kulundin steppe (Agromeliorative fundamentals of programming crops of agricultural crops). SevNIIGIM, L 1983. p. 13.

To ensure optimal plant nutrition with diluted solutions of activated fertilizers, the irrigation rate was 30 liters per 1 m of irrigation area.

After sowing wheat and beans in a sandy soil, they were watered with activated fertilizer solutions daily. In this case, the first watering was performed by catholyte, the next day - by anolyte, and so every day in turn,

Claims (2)

1. A method of fertilizing, which consists in supplying fertilizer solutions to irrigation water, characterized in that, in order to increase the growth rate of the biomass of irrigated plants due to the intensification of the process of assimilation of chemical ions by them, fertilizers are subjected to electrodialysis and activated compounds before they are fed into irrigation water The anolyte and catholite solutions are introduced into the irrigation flow separately. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodialysis of fertilizer solutions is carried out at a concentration of 50-70 g / l. Growth dynamics of agricultural crops during irrigation with activated liquids  Sun - seedling appearance. Numerator - wheat, denominator - beans. 3 i- l-i- ± 7   i Table continuation sixteen - / J 17 I .12 / ft 15 - - / 1cm 40 30 20 YU ABOUT 6 8 Ю 12 П FIG. 2 6 8 FIG. J H days P days