RU2818808C1 - Multifunctional mortar unit for production of working solutions of fertilizers and dosing for treatment of plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building. Multifunctional mortar unit for production of working solutions of fertilizers and dosing for treatment of plants contains a mixer, 3-section hopper for dry fertilizers, herbicide bin, control unit, power supply, coarse filter with pump, storage tanks for water and finished products. Mixer is connected to the heating element, is equipped with a vibration exciter, an electromagnet, a pressure sensor connected to the control unit. Coarse filter with a pump is installed between the water storage tank and the mixer. Water storage tank has an electric activator. Between the mixer and the storage tank for the finished product there is a fine filter, and a rotary valve is installed between the mixer and bins of herbicides and dry fertilizers. Heating element is interconnected with the control unit.

EFFECT: improved quality of treatment of plants, possibility of separate treatment of weeds and regulation of application dose.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to installations for the preparation of working urea-ammonium mixtures such as UAN and liquid complex fertilizers (LCF), and is intended for dissolving and mixing chemical elements in water in various proportions of urea, ammonium nitrate, sulfate and other mineral and organic fertilizers into the working solution and shipment of the resulting solutions for its further use in the nutrition systems of gardens, greenhouse complexes, and greenhouses.

Patent RU 2686149 C1 “Solution unit for urea-ammonium mixture” is known from the prior art. The device contains a control device and a water storage tank connected to the reactor tank through a water supply pump and a pump configured to create shocks in a vacuum hydraulic environment, while the reactor tank is connected to a filtration station, including at least one filter flask and connected to at least one storage tank for the finished product, wherein the reactor tank is connected to a loading hopper, a delivery pump and a diesel heat exchanger.

A technical solution is known according to the patent RU 247084 C1 “Mortar unit”. A mortar unit made in the form of a functionally arranged series of technological containers and devices connected by pipelines, containing a control cabinet with a touch panel, a water supply line, a water flow meter, a liquid level sensor, taps, containers connected through pumps to a filter of a crane-type loading device "and a diesel heat exchanger.

The closest in technical essence is a solution unit (RF patent 2765953 C1 according to IPC BO1F 22/50, published on 02/07/2022) containing a bunker storage of dry fertilizers, connected via a conveyor to a mixing reactor with an inlet pipe for solution, a pipeline system, a heating a device, a dispersant device with the ability to pump, mix, disperse and homogenize the mixture, as well as storage tanks for water and the finished product, equipped with a mixer of liquid components with the ability to add liquid plant protection products to the mixing reactor and a weight control device for components entering the mixing reactor, the inlet pipe for the solution is made with a cone-shaped nozzle tip.

The disadvantage is low productivity, high energy consumption, lack of mobility, insufficiently high quality of the finished product, the inability to separately treat weeds and regulate the application dose.

The technical result is to improve the quality of plant processing, adjust the application dose and separate treatment of weeds.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a multifunctional solution unit for the production of working solutions of fertilizers and dosing for treating plants, containing a mixer connected to a heating element, a 3-section bunker for dry fertilizers, storage tanks for water and finished products, according to the invention has a control unit , a power source, a hopper for herbicides, a coarse filter with a pump installed between the water storage tank and the mixer, which is equipped with a vibration exciter, an electromagnet, a pressure sensor, communicated with the control unit, while the water storage tank has an electric activator with a switching automatic valve, and between a fine filter is located between the mixer and storage bin for the finished product, and a rotary valve is installed between the mixer and the herbicide and dry fertilizer bunkers and the heating element is in communication with the control unit.

The novelty lies in expanding the capabilities of the mortar unit by creating a simple, compact, mobile unit with improved performance properties, which ensures easy operation and use of liquid complex fertilizers and ammonium carbide mixture solutions, and the production of working solutions.

In fig. Figure 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed device. For the sake of clarity, the drawings present only those elements that are necessary to understand the invention, and related elements well known to those skilled in the art are not presented.

Multifunctional solution unit for the production of working solutions of fertilizers and dosing for treating plants, contains a mixer 1 connected to a heating element 2, a hopper 3 for dry fertilizers, consisting of three sections 4, 5, 6 for placing N, P, K - fertilizers, storage tanks 7 and 8 for water and finished products, respectively. The device has a control unit 9, a power source 10, a hopper for herbicides 11, a coarse filter 12 with a pump 13 installed between a storage tank 7 for water and a mixer 1. The latter is equipped with a vibration exciter 14, an electromagnet 15, a pressure sensor 16, communicated with the control unit 9. The water storage tank 7 has an electric activator 17 with a switching automatic tap 18. The electric activator 17 is designed to produce aqueous solutions of catholyte and anolyte, where the aqueous solution of catholyte obtained on the positive electrode, that is, with negatively charged particles pH greater than 7, is an excess of alkaline anions and an excess of electrons, the redox potential is negative. Catholyte is a stimulant and electron donor, an antioxidant, which is classified as an antioxidant; its effect on living systems is similar to the effect of vitamins E, C, P, PP, etc., which are immunostimulants. Anolyte, water obtained on a negative electrode, that is, containing mainly positively charged ions. pH less than 7 and positive redox potential, excess hydrogen ions and lack of electrons. Anolyte has a powerful sterilizing and disinfecting effect and effectively fights various fungal diseases. Between the mixer 1 and the storage element 8 for the finished product, a fine filter 19 is installed, which is connected to the mixer through an automatic valve 20. A rotary valve 21 is installed between the mixer 1 and bins 11 and 3. The heating element 2 is connected to the control unit 9.

The work process is as follows: a multifunctional solution unit for the production of working solutions of fertilizers and dosing for treating plants operates in two modes:

1.Stimulation of plant growth

a) using N, P, K - fertilizers using an aqueous solution of catholyte. Fertilizers are poured into mixer 1 from sections of bunker 3. At this moment, the herbicide hopper 11 is closed using valve 21. An aqueous solution of catholyte is supplied to the mixer 1 and the mixture is mixed using pump 13; high-quality and intensive mixing is ensured by the heating element 2, vibration exciter 14 and electromagnet 15, which is used to attract small abrasive particles. The entire process is controlled by a pressure sensor 16 for the released gases and a control unit 9, powered by a power source 10. The finished mother liquor, passing through a fine filter 19, enters the containers 8. Next comes the process of refueling the sprayer, or dispensing the solution in the required quantity into the required distribution pipes of the plant irrigation system. After unloading and washing, the mobile mortar unit is ready for the next cycle of work.

b) using an aqueous solution of catholyte. An aqueous solution of catholyte enters the mixer 1 from the storage tank 8, passing through the coarse 12 and fine filters 19, and enters the tank 8. At this moment, using valve 21, access to fertilizers and herbicides in the mixer 1 is closed. Next comes the process of refueling the sprayer, or dosing the solution in the required quantity into the required distribution pipes of the plant irrigation system.

2. Control of plant pests and weeds

a) the use of herbicides using an anolyte aqueous solution. Herbicides are supplied to mixer 1 from bins 11. At this moment, the sectional hopper 3 is closed using valve 21. An anolyte aqueous solution is supplied to the mixer 1 and the mixture is mixed using pump 13. High-quality and intensive mixing is ensured by the heating element 2, vibration exciter 14 and electromagnet 15, which is used to attract small particles. abrasive particles. The entire process is controlled by a pressure sensor 16 for the released gases and a control unit 9, powered by a power source 10. The finished mother liquor, passing through a fine filter 19, enters the containers 8. Next comes the process of refueling the sprayer, or dispensing the solution in the required quantity into the required distribution pipes of the plant irrigation system. After unloading and washing, the mobile mortar unit is ready for the next cycle of work.

b) using an anolyte aqueous solution. An anolyte aqueous solution enters the mixer 1 from the storage tank, passing through coarse filters 12 and fine filters 19, and enters tanks 8. At this moment, using valve 21, access to fertilizers and herbicides in mixer 1 is closed. Next comes the process of refueling the sprayer, or dosing the solution in the required quantity into the required distribution pipes of the plant irrigation system.

Claims (1)

Multifunctional solution unit for the production of working solutions of fertilizers and dosing for plant treatment, containing a mixer connected to a heating element, a 3-section hopper for dry fertilizers, storage tanks for water and finished products, characterized in that it has a control unit, a power source, and a hopper for herbicides, a coarse filter with a pump installed between the water storage tank and the mixer, which is equipped with a vibration exciter, an electromagnet, a pressure sensor communicated with the control unit, the water storage tank has an electric activator, and a filter is located between the mixer and the finished product storage tank fine cleaning, and a rotary valve is installed between the mixer and the bunkers of herbicides and dry fertilizers, while the heating element is in communication with the control unit.

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