RU2199854C1 - Farm crop irrigation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves exposing irrigation water to magnetic field and saturating with oxygen before irrigating farm crops; introducing into irrigation water portions of feed for roots and other parts of plant, with feed being brine of natural mineral sulfate- type bischofite of MgCl₂•6H₂O formulation; feeding and mixing with water 10-30% of predetermined norm of bischofite brine before magnetic treatment; adding 20-40% of bischofite brine into irrigation water before saturation thereof with oxygen; introducing remaining part of bischofite brine together with irrigation water after magnetic treatment and saturation with oxygen. Macro- and micro elements of bischofite brine are uniformly distributed in irrigation water and are accessible for intensified assimilation by plant through leaf plates as well as by their roots from soil root layer. EFFECT: increased efficiency by uniform distribution of fertilizer in irrigation water and intensified assimilation of nutritive elements by plant parts. 1 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, namely to irrigation of crops.

It is known as a method of irrigation of crops, the essence of which is described in the method of soil reclamation, which includes supplying water through a system of irrigation canals and introducing it into the soil together with chemicals, installing electrodes of one polarity in the flow of irrigation water, and electrodes of a different polarity in the soil and passage between them a constant electric current, in which, in order to increase the reclamation effect and reduce the consumption of chemical means, electrodes of the same polarity are installed in the irrigation canal e from the side of irrigation water supply to it, and electrodes of a different polarity outside the reclaimed area in the groundwater collection zone, and activated water of the same sign of the redox potential is taken from the canal and supplied by sprinkling onto the soil until pH is brought to the optimum level for agricultural crop (SU, copyright certificate 1395213, A1, M.cl ⁴ A 01 G 21/00. Method of soil reclamation / GG Kadyshev, Yu.V. Kvanin and Yu.G. Kadyshev (USSR) - 4011587/30 -15, Stated January 9, 1986; Publ. 05/15/1988, Bull. 18 // Discoveries. Inventions 1988. - 15).

 The disadvantages of the described method include the large inertia of the system. To obtain a given yield and proper quality of crop production, the duration of the irrigation period depends on the period of active photosynthetic activity of plants, i.e. the period from flowering to fruiting. The described method of exposure to water as a material for drip irrigation and land reclamation requires long-term (several years) and constant exposure to current of different polarity.

The closest analogue to the claimed object relates to a method of irrigation of crops, including saturation of water with oxygen and its magnetic treatment, in which, in order to improve irrigation efficiency, the oxen are saturated with oxygen after they are treated with a magnetic field (SU, copyright certificate 1532096, A1, M .cl. ⁴ A 01 G 25/02. The method of irrigation of crops / N.E. Rudenko and B.M. Scherbinin (USSR) - 4109571 / 30-15. Declared September 1, 1986; 48 // Discoveries. Inventions. - 1989 - 48). We have accepted this method as the closest analogue.

 The disadvantages of this method include the fact that only the saturation of water with oxygen molecules does not increase the productivity and quality of crop production. Without micro and macro elements, plants are oppressed and their growth does not depend on the value of irrigation norms during irrigation.

 The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of irrigation.

 The technical result is environmentally friendly products and increased productivity.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of irrigation of crops, including magnetic treatment of water and its saturation with oxygen, according to the invention, water for irrigation is fractionally introduced as a non-root and root dressing of agricultural crops, a brine of a natural sulfate bischofite mineral of the formula MgCl ₂ · 6H ₂ O, while 10-30% of the brine mass is fed and mixed with water before magnetic treatment, 20-40% of the brine mass is before oxygen is saturated with water, and the remainder of the given norm is p After saturation of water with oxygen.

 The drawing schematically shows the technological process of irrigation of crops with water after magnetic treatment, its saturation with oxygen and macro- and microelements from the brine of the natural mineral bischofite.

 Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed method by known technical means are as follows.

 Let us consider an example of irrigation irrigation with a DDA-100 VX two-console sprinkler (Volgograd Plant of Irrigation Equipment OJSC, Volgograd), converted for the application of liquid macro- and microelements and with devices for saturating water with oxygen after it is treated with a magnetic field.

 For this, three tanks 1, 2 and 3 with valves 4, 5 and 6 and sleeves 7, 8 and 9 are additionally mounted on the frame of the DT-75 N tractor for the fractional introduction of bischofite brine into the suction communication 10 of pump 11, into the pressure network 12 of pump 11 before the installation 13 for treating water with a magnetic field and after the ejector 14 for supplying oxygen coming from a cylinder 15 with liquid (compressed) oxygen to the lower zone of the water distribution pipes 15 and 16 equipped with short-jet nozzles 17.

 Reserves of natural bischofite mineral in explored deposits of the Volgograd region will last for 400 years with an annual production of up to 0.5 million tons. The composition of the samples of bischofite leach brine mined in the Narimanov and Gorodishchensk deposits is presented in table. 1. Analysis of samples of bischofite leach brines is shown in table. 2.

 The content of macro- and microelements available for a wide range of agricultural plants in bischofite brine from wells of the Gorodishchenskoye field is shown in Table. 3.

 Irrigation water from the open channel 18 is sucked in by a floating valve 19 and is pumped 11 from the suction line 10 under pressure to the pressure network 12. When the valve 6 is open, the bischofite brine from the tank 3 along the sleeve 9 enters the suction network 12 and is mixed intensively with water by the pump 11.

An installation 13 for treating water and dissolved macro- and microelements from a sulfate-type bischofite brine of the formula MgCl ₂ • 6H ₂ O with a magnetic field is placed under the pump 11 in the pressure network. When treating water with a magnetic field, the density of water increases to the initial density of bischofite brine (see table 2). In the treated water, with a magnetic field and with dissolved macro- and microelements, 20-40% of the brine mass of the generally accepted application rate is introduced as foliar and root dressing of crops. This part of bischofite brine is fed from tank 2 through valve 5 and sleeve 8 to pressure segment 12 before oxygen is saturated with water. Compressed oxygen from the cylinder 15 with the valve 20 of the gearbox open, controlled by a pressure gauge 21, enters the ejector 14 through the hose 22, in the irrigation water previously prepared in this way, presented in Table 1. 1-3 salts, macro- and micronutrients are bound by oxygen molecules, held in it and sent through water distribution pipelines 15 and 16 to short-jet nozzles 17. The remaining part of the brine with a density of 1.2-1.4 g / cm ³ from a given norm (30- 70% of the brine mass) is introduced into pipelines 15 and 16 after saturation of water with oxygen and the orientation of salt ions in a magnetic field. This part of the brine is fed by gravity from the tank 1 through the valve 4 and the sleeve 7 into the nipples of the pipes 15 and 16.

 The claimed method of irrigation of crops involves irrigation along furrows with the help of water outlets from the farms of a two-console sprinkler unit mounted on the nipples of short-jet nozzles 17. In this case, 10-30% of the mass of bischofite brine is introduced into the water after magnetic treatment and oxygenation.

 When irrigated by irrigation, the leaves and stems in the irrigated crops dissolved in saturated water with oxygen and macro- and microelements are washed and, after drying, are retained on the surface of plant leaf blades and absorbed by them. Another part of the introduced macro- and microelements enters the plant through the root system.

 Consequently, macro- and microelements from bischofite brine are evenly distributed in irrigation water and become available for accelerated assimilation by plants both from the surface of leaf blades and in an accessible form by their roots from the root habitat of the soil horizon.

Claims (1)

A method of irrigation of crops, including magnetic treatment of water and its saturation with oxygen, characterized in that the brine of a sulfate-type natural mineral of the sulfate type formula MgCl ₂ · 6H ₂ O is fractionally added as foliar and root dressing to crops for irrigation water, with 10. . . 30% of the brine mass is fed and mixed with water until magnetic treatment, 20.. . 40% of the brine mass is before oxygen saturation of the water, and the remainder of the set norm is after oxygen saturation of the water.

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