SU1648257A1 - Of hillside reclamation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of reclamation of 2 slopes. The purpose of the invention is to improve the budding-hydrological conditions for forest crops on the canvases of excavation terraces in arid conditions. On the reclaimed slope, excavation terraces without berm are cut from bottom to top. Drainage material of organic origin is laid on the canvas along the excavation of the terraces, and it is covered with a layer of fertile soil cut off from the upper terrace. Terrace blades give a reverse slope and plant plants. 5 il.

Description

The invention relates to rural and forestry, in particular to methods of reclamation of slopes, and can be used in the development of mountain areas for forest and garden plots.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the soil-hydrological conditions for forest crops on the canvas of excavation terraces in arid conditions.

Fig. 1 shows a reclaimed slope, after the construction of the lowest inlet terrain, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - the place of the deep soilless loosening of the soil on the canvas of the lower terrace; Fig. 3 shows the place of laying on the terrace of a drainage material of organic origin (a link of logging residues); figure 4 - the slope after cutting the second upper mortise terrace, longitudinal profile; figure 5 - terraced slope, longitudinal profile.

In the drawings, the following notation is accepted: 1 - aseaing area of the slope; 2 - canvas lower banded terraces; 3 - linen teroas after loosening the soil; 4 — binding of logging residues; 5 - canvas upper mortise terraces before loosening the soil; b- canvas upper mortise terraces after loosening the soil and planning its surface; 7 - plants planted on terraces.

The work on the melioration of the slopes of the proposed method is carried out in such a sequence

First, the site of slope 1 is prepared for cultivation by partially cleaning its surface from large stones and residues of woody vegetation, planning and access roads. Then hang the route of the lowest excavation-bulk terrace 2 and proceed to its construction. The soil on the canvas of this terrace is deeply loosened, then on

In the vicinity of the excavation slope, the logging residues 4 are laid. Above the slope, the first mortise terrace path is laid, placing it at a minimum distance from the upper edge of the excavation slope of the lowermost terrace 2. The mortise terrace 5 is formed with a wide blade, giving it a reverse bias, How and on the lowermost terrace, the soil of this mortise terrace is loosened to a depth of 30–50 cm, and at the edge of the mortise slope, bundles of logging remnants are placed 4. When making the next mortise terrace, a fertile soil layer (substrate), bottom aemy surface slope dropped onto the surface of the lower terrace loosened webs. After the completion of the construction of the mortise terraces, the loose substrate on the canvas is leveled, giving its surface a reverse slope. The thickness of the upper root-habitable layer from the substrate is assumed to be equal to the diameter of the links of logging residues laid along the mortise slope. On the canvas 6 mortise terraces ay sit down plants 7.

The method was tested on a slope with a slope of 25 - 35 °. The first excavation-and-bulk terrace and subsequent mortise were constructed by the universal bulldozer D-493A. The terraces were placed horizontally across a slope of 3.5-4m from one another. The cloth of the mortise terraces was formed with a width of 4-5 m and a slope of up to 10 °; the soil on the terraces was treated with the PH-806 and D-162A looseners to a depth of 30 and 50 cm, respectively. The loosened cloth was lined with wood cuttings, which were prepared by hand. The bond diameter ranged from 30 to 40 cm. A loosened fertile layer of soil and soil (substrate), cut from the upper part of the slope during the construction of the next upper mortise terrace, was applied to the prepared canvas of the lower terrace. After completion of the construction of the mortise terraces, the fertile layer (substrate) was spread on the canvas with a TC-2.5 sectional terrace. On the terraces prepared in this way, pine saplings were planted by the LMP-2 Crimean tree planting machine.

The method provides high rates of specific development of the area of the steep slopes (up to 65–70%) and allows maximum utilization of the natural fertility of the developed steep slopes to form a powerful (1.2–1.5 m), loose root layer with favorable water regime in planting plants.

Claims (1)

The invention of the method of reclamation of the slopes, including successive cutting of open-out terraces without a berm from bottom to top, loosening of the soil on the canvas, construction of additional water-holding tanks in the terrace canvas, imparting a reverse slope to the canvas, and planting, which is different in that hydrological conditions for forest crops on the canvas of the excavation terraces in arid conditions, drainage material of organic origin is laid on the loosened canvas along the excavation slope of the terraces Day and fall asleep with a layer of fertile soil, cut from the upper terrace. J FIG. $