SU1628944A1 - Food chopper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to fodder harvesting machines for harvesting chopped fodder. The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability. The feed chopper contains frame 1, pick-up 2, feeder 3 and transport channel 4 with piston 5 and drive 6. Chopper 9 is made in the form of discs 10 with one-sided grinding mounted on shaft 11. The ends of shaft 11 are installed in guides 12 and spring-loaded. The stiffness of the spring located on the sharpening side of the disks 10 is less than the stiffness of the spring located on the opposite end of the shaft 11. The chopper 9 has a counter plate 13 and a ratchet mechanism 15. The mass is picked up by the pick-up 2, and fed by the feeder 3 to the transport channel 4, divided a knife 7 for servings and a piston 5 is supplied to the chopper 9. When foreign objects hit, the ends of the shaft 1 1 are lifted in the guides 12, freeing the passage between the disks 10 and the bottom of the transport channel 4. The end of the shaft 11, located with about the side of sharpening the disks 10, and pulls the disks 10 from the counter plates 13. 2 sludge. &

Description

1

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to fodder harvesting machines for harvesting chopped fodder.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability.

FIG. 1 shows a feed chopper, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view.

 The feed chopper consists of a wheel-mounted frame 1, on which a pick-up 2 is installed, a feeder 3 with an exit to the transport channel 4, where a piston 5 with a reciprocating drive 6 is placed. On the piston 5 there is a knife 7 fixed, which forms in the transport channel 4 cutting knife 8 cutting pair. At the exit of the transport channel 4, a grinder 9 is installed, made in the form of one-sided sharpened circular discs 10 assembled in a package on a shaft 11 installed in the bearing assemblies located above the transport channel 4 and perpendicular to it so that the planes of the discs 10 share a cross section transport channel 4 into equal parts.

The bearing units of the shaft 11 are located in the guides 12 and are spring-loaded. Moreover, the bearing assembly of the shaft 11 from the sharpening side of the disks 10 is spring-loaded with less force due to the lower spring stiffness than from the other end.

Under the transport channel 4, at the point of its intersection with the lower front part of the disks 10, the shear plates 13 are fixed. The sides of the cutting edges are located opposite to the sharpening and parallel to the plane of the disks 10, less than the transverse elastic displacement of their cutting edges. The upper plane of the shearing plate 13 is flush with the bottom of the transport channel 4. Along the length, the shearing plate 13 takes place from the front intersection point of the disks 10 with the bottom of channel 4 to the projection of the shaft axis 11 on the same bottom. A discharge chute 14 is attached to the end of the transport channel 4. At one end of the shaft 11 a ratchet mechanism 15 is installed, having a connection 16 with a crank, opposite to the crank of the drive 6 of the piston 5 located on the same shaft.

Grinder feed works as follows.

During operation, the feed chopper assembled on the frame 1 with a wheel travel moves along the roll, the mass of which is fed by the pick-up 2 to the feeder 3, which pushes it into the transport channel 4 during the idle stroke of the piston 5 reciprocating under the action of a crank-connecting rod drive 6. In this case, the stems are oriented across the transport channel 4. Then the mass is moved by the piston 5 along the transport channel 4, compressed by opposing reaction forces, cut off by portions by the knife 7 on the countersaving knife 8 and alkivaets to the chopper 9.

During the stroke of the piston 5, the movement from its actuator 6 through the coupling 16, the ratchet mechanism 15 and the shaft 11 is transmitted to the cutting discs 10, the front part of which moves down to the countering plates 13, as a result of which

Q becomes slidable cutting, at which the feed force of the material is reduced. When the piston 5 is idling due to the one-sided action of the ratchet mechanism 15, the disks 10 held by the forces of friction against the material remain stationary and

5 no power consumption. Additional energy for rotation of the disks 10 is obtained from the mass being cut as a result of the resultant cutting forces being displaced downward from the axis of the shaft 11. During movement

The Q layer of material acts to sharpen the discs 10, elastically deforms them and presses the cutting edge to the shear plates 13, resulting in contact between them. Due to friction, the shearing plates 13 and the discs 10 self-sharpen, and the sharpening products are carried away under the bottom of the transport channel 4.

A layer of material cut into pieces, pushed by subsequent portions of the mass, is directed along the discharge chute 14 to the vehicle. As the cutting edge of the discs wear out, the sharpening of the disks 10 in order to preserve the object of self-sharpening is periodically resumed. During operation, the contact zone of the disks 10 with the shear plate 13 is displaced to its end, which ensures its uniform wear along the length. Under the action of foreign objects, the spring-loaded bearing assemblies of the shaft 11 are raised along the guides 12, thereby freeing

0 the passage between the disks 10 and the bottom of the channel 4. Moreover, the end of the shaft 11 rises first from the sharpening side of the disks 10 due to the lower spring stiffness and the cutting edges move away from the countering plate 13, and then both bearing assemblies of the shaft 11 begin to move 5. occupy in the reverse order that the discs 10 are not placed on the shear plates 13. As a result, it is possible to increase the reliability of the shredder when foreign objects get into the shredder.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A feed chopper containing a pick-up mounted on a frame, a feeder, a transport channel in which a driven piston is located, prohibitive elements and cutting discs with one-side mounted on a spring-loaded shaft sharpening, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability of operation, the rigidity of the spring located on the sharpening side cutting discs, less spring stiffness located at the opposite end of the shaft. FIG. 2