SU1602605A1 - Die for forming crankshafts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to devices for stamping crankshafts. The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability, simplify the design and reduce the dimensions of the stamp. The stamp for stamping crankshafts contains an upper plate with a punch holder with protrusions, a punch and a lid, a lower plate with a clamp and sliders with grooves, as well as a locking mechanism for the punch in the form of two pairs of double-shouldered levers hinged on the punch and the covers of the upper plate. When lowering the top plate, the levers with their heads engage in interaction with the projections of the punch holder and the grooves of the presser and the sliders of the bottom plate, producing a force closure of the forming elements of the stamp, after which the part is formed. 1 hp ff, 4 ill.

Description

The exclusion refers to the hot working of metals by pressure, in particular, to dies for the stamping of large-sized crankshafts, mainly diesel ones, by bending with landing on universal forging hydraulic presses

The invention aims to increase reliability, simplify the design and reduce die dimensions.

Figure 1 presents the stamp, a general view; FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. 1; Fig. 3 is a section B-B in Fig. 1, a stamp in the initial position (left half) and in the process of deforming the workpiece (half the right); in fig. 4 is a section b-In figure 1, the stamp j in the initial position (left half}

and in the final position (half right).

The stamp contains an upper wedge plate 1, on which the punch holder 2 is rigidly fixed. On the projections 3 of the punch holder 2, the punch 4 is suspended, having the possibility of vertical movement in the guides of the punch holder 2. The stamp also contains the lower plate 5, on which the clamp is suspended 7, having the possibility of vertical movement in the guides 8. Tight locking of the punch 4 with the presser 7 is carried out by a locking mechanism consisting of two two shoulders stamped symmetrically with respect to the vertical cfCH chagov 9,

hinged on the wasp x 10 on the punch 4.

On the shoulders of each lever 9, oppositely directed heads 1 and 12 are made. The upper arms of the levers 9 are pressed by the pusher 13, spring-loaded spring 14, toward the protrusion 3 of the punch holder 2. The clamp 7 has grooves for the lower heads 12 of the arms 9. Persistent planes of the heads 12 and the walls of the grooves of the presser 7 are made. Inclined at an angle about a smaller angle of friction of the material of the lever 9 and the presser 7. The entry portions of the heads 12 and the presser 7 are made obliquely angled at an angle fb.

On the top plate 1 of the punch, on both sides, the straps 15 are rigidly fixed, in the wedge grooves of which, on the frames 16, there are two covers 17 having working wedge surfaces in contact with the wedge surfaces of the top plate 1. On the bottom plate 5, there are movable horizontally the plane of the slider 18 having wedge surfaces for contact with the wedge surface of the plate 1 and provided with pneumatic cylinders or springs (not shown) to return them to their original position.

For locking the lids 17 with sliders 18, the stamp includes a locking mechanism, also made in the form of two double-arm levers 19, similar to the levers 9 and hinged on the x-axis 2P in the clamp 17c. The upper head 21 of each lever 19 rests on; Stem 15 "At half 18, grooves are made for the approach of the lower heads 22 of the levers 19.

As with clamp 7, the sliders are made with fixed angles p, and the thrust stacks of the grooves are made with the angle o. The levers 19 are spring-loaded to the covers 17 by means of the springs 23.

The stamp works as follows. The workpiece 24, having a groove along the main and connecting rod necks, is placed with a groove under the connecting rod neck in the clamp 7, and with the grooves under the primary journal in the sliders 18.

When lowering the top plate 1 of the cover 17, lying on the straps 15, saddle the vehicle on the sliders 18. With the further course of the upper plate 1 down, the keys 17 are resting on the sliders 18, and the buckle 15 goes down relative to them. In this case, the levers 19 mechanism

0

five

0

45

50

lock, continuing to be supported by the upper heads 21 on the strap 15, begin, under the action of their own weight, and the springs 23 rotate and slide smoothly with the head 22 along the transition planes of the sliders 18, into their grooves. Upon further lowering of the plate 1 with the straps 15, the latter retreat from the upper heads 21 of the levers 19 and the lower heads 22 of the levers 19 fully fit into the slots of the sliders 18. At the same time, when lowering the caps 17, the punch 4, lying on the protrusions, 3 punch 2 “Punch 4 1 shrinks on the groove of the workpiece 24; under the crank pin. Further, the punch 4 remains stationary, and the punch holder 2 together with the upper plate 1; that 1 moves downward relative to the punch by the magnitude of the stroke. In this case, the upper heads 11 of the levers 9 under the action of the spring-loaded pusher 13 enter the space formed between the protrusion 3 of the punch holder 2 and the base of the punch 4, and the lower heads 12 of the levers 9 enter into the grooves of the clamp 7 planes, the stamp kinematics is calculated in such a way that when the top plate 1 is lowered, the covers 17 with the sliders 18 are locked first, and only after this punch 4 with the clamp 7. When the top plate 1 is further lowered with the working parts of the stamp already closed d The shape of the workpiece 24. The horizontal stroke of the sliders 18 with the spikes 17 from the wedge surface of the top plate 1 ensures the landing of the shaft cheeks, and the vertical stroke of the punch 4 with the clamp 7 is bending.

The spacer forces of the deformable metal, striving to open the stamp, are perceived by the thrust surfaces of the lower heads 12 and 22 of the levers 9 and 19 and the walls of the grooves of the sliders 18 and the clamp 7, the oi of which, smaller than the friction angle, excludes the self-opening of the locked parts of the stamp during deformations.

Since during the entire process of deformation of the workpiece on the plane of the die connector there are no gaps, the formation of scrapes is excluded.

After about 10 minutes of stamping, the upper plate 1 is raised upwards. When lifting the top plate of the platen holder

Faye.1

Fig.Z

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Stamp for stamping 5 shafts containing a top plate with a punch holder, a punch and covers, a bottom plate with a clamp and cradles placed, as well as punch locking mechanisms, t1Q characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, simplify the design and reduce the size of the stamp, each locking mechanism the punch is made in the form of a pair of two shoulders levers placed symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis of the punch, the punch holder of the upper plate is made with protrusions, and the clamp and crawlers of the lower 20 plates - with grooves, the levers of each pair are made with oppositely directed upper and lower heads at the ends, pivotally mounted respectively on the punch and covers of the upper plate with the possibility of interaction of their upper heads with the protrusions of the punch holder and lower heads with the grooves of the clamp and the slider of the lower plate, the response the surfaces of the lower heads of the levers and grooves of the clip and the crawls are made inclined with an inclination angle smaller than the angle of friction. 2. Stamp pop. 1, characterized in that the levers of the mechanisms for locking the punch are spring-loaded, respectively, relative to the punch and the covers of the upper plate. Fig.! Type A Fig.Z, 1602605 8-8 FIG. 4