SU1556638A2 - Device for cleaning and sorting potato - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural machines, in particular to machines for sorting potatoes that have been in long-term storage conditions, and allows improving the quality of sorting by reducing damages when separating young tubers from old potatoes. For this, the bars of the trellis guide form a wavy surface, in the depressions of which there are outlet slots under which a pitched tray is installed. 4 il.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machines, in particular to machines for sorting and separating young tubers from old potatoes grown on its surface after prolonged storage, and is an improvement of the device according to the author. St. No. 1405786.

According to the main author. St. No. 1405786, a device for cleaning and sorting long-stored potatoes is known, comprising two parallel bar sectional drums with support rollers and a transporting auger mounted between them, trellis pitched trays and a drive. Bar drums and transporting auger made sectional. The screws are placed inside the drums and placed in trays having the shape of grooves. Lattice guides are installed under the trays. Between the separate sections of the drums are pitched trays and lattice support surfaces made in the form of two lattices arranged at an obtuse angle that have the possibility of axial displacement relative to the longitudinal axis of the device.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of sorting by reducing damage when separating young tubers from old potatoes.

FIG. 1 shows a device for sorting potatoes, side view; FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. one; Fig 3 - view B in Fig 1 (from the pitched trays); in fig. 4 — node I in FIG. 3

The potato sorting device contains two drums 1 and 2 (Figs. 1-3), each of which consists of several separate sections 3, which are not connected kinematically among themselves, but have one common axis of rotation. Each section is made in the form of a cylinder and consists of parallel rubberized rods 4 fixedly mounted on the shells 5 and 6. Radial rubberized rods are fixedly fixed at each of the rods 4 forming the cylindrical lattice surface of section 3 with a certain pitch 7. The distance between the rods 4 more than the size of the largest fraction of sorted old potatoes.

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Each section 3 in the lower front portion rests on the rollers 8, which are in contact with the shells 5, having a grooved shape at the point of contact. At the rear of section 3, they are in contact with guide sprockets 9 and driving sprockets 10, the latter being mounted on shaft 11. The teeth of sprockets 9 and 10 engage with rollers 12 mounted on shells 6 (Figs. 1 and 2).

young tubers. The depth of the depressions of the wavy surface is equal to half the diameter of the average largest processed old potatoes.

Under the discharge slots there is an intermediate pitched chute 34, made, for example, of rubber-coated steel sheets or rubberized conveyor belt mounted on a bracket. Tray 34 is tilted in the direction of motion of the old shaft 11 interacting with bearing potatoes and attached with only one rolling body, the bodies of which 13 are fixed by the side (console) to the fixed frame of the device.

The shafts 11 are made up of a non-collapsible chute 31. Between the sections 3, the grooved trays 31 adjoin the pitched trays 35 directed into the inter-drum space. Pitched trays 35 mounted on the frame through the brackets 36.

The golky parts connected among themselves by means of rigid couplings 14. On shaft 11

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The frontal tray 31. Between the sections 3, the grooved trays 31 are adjacent to the pitched trays 35 directed into the inter-drum space. Pitched trays 35 mounted on the frame through the brackets 36.

Between drums 1 and 2, parallel to the axis of rotation of the drums, a guide 37 (Fig. 3) is fixedly mounted, on the surface of which there are longitudinal

Rick 21 (Fig. 1). The eccentric 21 is supported by a pitched chute 22 located inside each of the drums 1 and 2. At the bottom, the chute 22 is pivotally fixed by means of bearings 23. The chute 22 is made of longitudinal rubber-coated rods 24, which are connected to each other along the perimeter by a fencing shoulder 25. V there is no shoulder at the bottom of the tray. Distance 25

Stars 15 and 16 are installed (Fig. 1 and 2). The sprockets 15 are chained kinematically with a sprocket 18 mounted fixedly on the shaft 19, which also rests on the rolling bearings housed in housings 20. In the other contour are 20 slots (not shown). In the grooves with the help of the shaft 19, the eccentric nuts 38 are fixedly fixed with a lattice surface,

which includes a longitudinal bar 39, fingers 40 and radially arranged rubber-coated bars 41 (Fig. 3 and 4). The rods 41 are fixedly mounted on the longitudinal bar 39. The pitch of the bars 41 is matched with the pitch of the bars 7 installed in sections 3.

The drive of reels 1 and 2 contains an electric motor 42, which through a coupling 43 between rods 24 smaller than Zo is connected to a gearbox 44. The output shaft of the smallest fraction of separable young reducers 44 is connected through a coupling 45 to lower parts of old potatoes.

The sprocket 16 mounted on the shaft 11 by means of a chain 26 is connected to an sprocket 27 mounted on the shaft 28. The shaft 28 rests on the rolling bearings 29, 35 the flax 46 and the pitched tray 47. In the rear mounted on the frame of the device. The shafts 28 of the device are placed pitched out inside each of the drums 1 and 2 in their upper part. A screw surface is fixed on the shaft 28; it is made of elastic material and forms a transfer roller 30. The screw surface is located only inside sections 3 and is absent between sections. Inside each of the sections 3 under the shaft 28 is installed a fixed grooved tray 31, to which from the side of the interdrum 45

water intermediate shaft 11. Each of the drums 1 and 2 has an individual drive.

In the front part of the device, the space is adjacent a lattice guide 32 (Fig. 3), made of longitudinal rubber-coated rods 33. In the upper part of section 3 (discharge zone) the lattice guide is made wavy

the bulk parts of the tray device 48. Containers 49 (for young tubers) and 50 (for old potatoes) are used for processed potatoes.

At the bottom of the device, a horizontal belt conveyor 51 is installed below the sectional drums to remove plant residues.

The device works as follows.

The hopper 46 is filled with potatoes, which have been in long-term storage conditions and on the surface of which young tubers have formed. On the pitched tray 47 potatoes enter the inter-drum space on the trellised surface.

(Fig. 4). In the troughs of the trellised waves 50 After switching on the drive, both drums 1

and 2 begin to rotate in opposite directions. The first section 3 with its radial rods 7 captures the part of the potatoes to be sorted and transports it to the upper part. Wherein

Used as a planting 55 old potatoes, rolled over the rod material. The width of the outlet slit in the upper 33, which forms the lattice of the directional part of the lattice guide rail of the patient 32, is freed from the young ones larger than the size of the largest fraction separated by it, which engage the rods 33. The surface surfaces are formed by variable outlet slots increasing to the unloading area. Between the rods, the distance is less than the size of the smallest young tuber to be separated for further young tubers. The depth of the depressions of the wavy surface is equal to half the diameter of the average largest processed old potatoes.

Under the discharge slots there is an intermediate pitched chute 34, made, for example, of rubber-coated steel sheets or rubberized conveyor belt mounted on a bracket. Tray 34 is tilted in the direction of movement of old potatoes and is attached only on one side (cantilever) to a fixed potato and attached on only one side (cantilevered) to a fixed one

The frontal tray 31. Between the sections 3, the grooved trays 31 are adjacent to the pitched trays 35 directed into the inter-drum space. Pitched trays 35 mounted on the frame through the brackets 36.

Between drums 1 and 2, parallel to the axis of rotation of the drums, a guide 37 (Fig. 3) is fixedly mounted, on the surface of which there are longitudinal

grooves (not shown). In the grooves using nuts 38 fixed lattice surface,

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The drive of the drums 1 and 2 contains an electric motor 42, which is connected via coupling 43 to gearbox 44. The output shaft of gearbox 44 via coupling 45 is connected to the bunker 46 and cattle tray 47. In the back part of the device are pitched

water intermediate shaft 11. Each of the drums 1 and 2 has an individual drive.

A bunker 46 and a pitched chute 47 are installed in the front part of the device.

the bulk parts of the tray device 48. Containers 49 (for young tubers) and 50 (for old potatoes) are used for processed potatoes.

At the bottom of the device, a horizontal belt conveyor 51 is installed below the sectional drums to remove plant residues.

The device works as follows.

The hopper 46 is filled with potatoes, which have been in long-term storage conditions and on the surface of which young tubers have formed. On the pitched tray 47 potatoes enter the inter-drum space on the trellised surface.

 After switching on the drive, both drums 1

the young tubers roll into the depressions of the wavy surface and through the outlet slots fall onto an additional intermediate chute tray 34. The cantilever mounting of the chute tray 34 provides it with an oscillatory movement, which improves the gathering of young tubers to the common slope tray 22. From the tray 22 young tubers enter container 49, and then used as planting material. The old potato and with it a part of unseparated young tubers along the trellis guide 32 are moved by radial rods 7 to the grooved trays 31. The potatoes in the tray 31 are moved by the transporting roller 30 to the pitched trays 35 located between sections 3 and directed to the inter drum space second pair of sections 3.

The processing of potatoes in the second pair of sections is similar. Inside the third pair of sections 3, the old potatoes, cleared of plant residues and young tubers, are transported by rollers 30 to pitched trays 48 in container 50.

The plant residues (shoots), waking up through the rod of the sections, fall on the horizontal conveyor belt 51 and are transported to the place of accumulation, and then used for fertilizer.

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The wavy surface of the trellis guide, in the hollows of which there are gaps, allows reducing the damageability of young tubers that have been separated, since they are not located in the hollows, they do not fall into the action area of the bars of the 4 rotating drums

Through the outlet slots located in the valleys of the surface of the trellis guide, the separated young tubers enter an additional intermediate pit trap located below them and perform a free oscillatory motion, and without additional damage, with a smaller impact velocity, they are collected in a separate container.

This device can improve the quality of sorting and reduce damage to tubers.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for cleaning and sorting potatoes by author. St. No. 1405786, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of sorting by reducing damages when separating young tubers from old potato, part of the lattice guide adjacent to the discharge area ,. made wavy with the formation in its depressions of the outlet slots of variable size to separate the young tubers, and pitched trays are located under the wavy surface lattice guide. Phie.1 ъ L /// h ff / v / l / wr la "V-F - -d-d / / Mr / / / 5 and View 6 behind fiez Type A 41 35 February. 35 / Zy I Jj FIG 4