RU2781600C1 - Root crop cleaner from the soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering. The cleaner contains rollers mounted on a frame with the possibility of rotation in one direction, equipped with sprockets. The sprockets of even and odd rollers are installed outside the frame from its different sides. The drive is equipped with a shaft with sprockets mounted on its opposite ends with a different number of teeth. The rollers are made in the form of spirals, the ends of which are rigidly fixed on bushings installed symmetrically inside the frame from its different sides. The outer diameter of the bushings is equal to the inner diameter of the spirals. The spirals of odd and even rollers are wound in opposite directions. Bearing supports are installed between the bushings and the sprockets. The frame is provided with a solid horizontal groove in which these bearing supports are installed. Odd and even rollers are interconnected by separate parallelogram mechanisms with the possibility of fixing the distance between the rollers.

EFFECT: quality of root crop cleaning from the soil is improved and the device is given the ability to sort root crops.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to the cleaners of root crops from the soil.

Known cleaner root crops from the soil [Patent RU No. 187599, Publ. 03/13/2019, Bull. No. 8], containing mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation in one direction of the rollers of cylindrical shape. The rollers are interconnected by asterisks. The sprockets of even and odd rollers are installed outside the frame from its different sides with the possibility of rotating even and odd rollers at different frequencies.

The known device has the disadvantage of low quality cleaning of root crops from the soil and the lack of their sorting function.

The technical result achieved by using the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning root crops from the soil and making the device capable of sorting root crops.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that bearing supports are installed between the bushings and sprockets. The frame is provided with a continuous horizontal groove in which these bearings are installed. Odd and even rolls are interconnected by separate parallelogram mechanisms with the possibility of fixing the distance between the rolls.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the cleaner, and Fig. 2 - the same, side view.

The root crop cleaner from the soil contains rollers 2 mounted on frame 1 with the possibility of rotation in one direction, equipped with sprockets 3 and 4. Asterisks 3 and 4, respectively, of even and odd rollers 2 are installed outside the frame 1 from its different sides for the rotation of even and odd rollers 2 with different frequency. The root crop cleaner also has a drive 5, equipped with a shaft 6 with sprockets 7 and 8 installed at its opposite ends with a different number of teeth. The rollers 2 are made in the form of spirals, the ends of which are rigidly fixed to the bushings 9 installed symmetrically inside the frame 1 on its different sides. The outer diameter of the bushings 9 is equal to the inner diameter of the spirals. Winding spirals of odd and even rollers 2 are made in opposite directions. Bearing supports 10 are installed between bushings 9 and sprockets 3 and 4. Frame 1 is provided with a continuous horizontal groove 11 in which these bearing supports 10 are installed. Odd and even rollers 2 are interconnected by separate parallelogram mechanisms 12 and 13 with the possibility of fixing the distance between rollers 2 Sprockets 3 and 4 are connected to sprockets 7 and 8 respectively by chain 14.

The root crop cleaner from the soil works as follows. The drive 5 is switched on, which, through the shaft 6, transmits the torque to the sprockets 7 and 8, which, in turn, drive the sprockets 3 and 4, which drive the even and odd rollers 2, respectively, at different frequencies. Then the root crops uncleaned from the soil are fed to the rollers 2, made in the form of spirals. Interacting with the rotating surface of the rollers 2, the roots move in the direction of rotation of the rollers. During their movement, the root crops come into contact with even and odd rollers 2, rotating at different frequencies, as a result, simultaneously with the translational motion, they receive rotational movement with the presence of slippage along the surface of the rollers. Since the direction of winding the spirals of odd and even rollers 2 is made in opposite directions, additionally, the roots, during their rotation and moving forward, are shifted on each adjacent roller 2 to the left or right, depending on the direction of the spiral winding. As a result, the simultaneous turnover of root crops both in the direction of translational movement and in the transverse direction from it increases. This, accordingly, increases the area of contact of the root crops with the surface of the rollers 2, thereby improving the process of separating the soil from the root crops. The soil separated from the root crops is removed into the gaps between the rollers 2, as well as into the gaps between the turns of the spiral.

Thanks to the parallelogram mechanisms 12 and 13, the distance between the rollers 2 can be changed depending on the type and size of root crops. In this case, the bearing supports 10 of the odd and even rollers 2 move along a continuous horizontal groove 11 and are fixed in a specific position (the latch is not shown in Fig.). This improves the quality of cleaning root crops from contamination.

When using the device as a sorter using parallelogram mechanisms 12 and 13, the distance between the rollers 2 is set equal to the minimum required size of root crops. In this case, smaller root crops fall down between the rollers 2 during operation of the device. Root crops with the required dimensions move along the upper parts of the rollers 2 in the direction of their rotation and then leave the device.

Therefore, the installation of bearing supports 10 between the bushings and sprockets, the supply of the frame 1 with a continuous horizontal groove in which these bearing supports are installed, as well as the binding of odd and even rollers to each other by separate parallelogram mechanisms with the possibility of fixing the distance between the rollers, improves the quality of cleaning root crops from soil .

Claims (1)

Root crop cleaner from soil, containing rollers mounted on a frame with the possibility of rotation in one direction, equipped with sprockets, and sprockets of even and odd rollers are installed outside the frame from different sides, a drive equipped with a shaft with sprockets installed at its opposite ends with a different number of teeth, the rollers are made in the form of spirals, the ends of which are rigidly fixed on bushings installed symmetrically inside the frame from its different sides, while the outer diameter of the bushings is equal to the inner diameter of the spirals, and the windings of the spirals of odd and even rollers are made in opposite directions, characterized in that between the bushings and bearing supports are installed with asterisks, the frame is equipped with a continuous horizontal groove in which these bearing supports are installed, and the odd and even rollers are interconnected by separate parallelogram mechanisms with the possibility of fixing the distance between the rollers.

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