CN210537470U

CN210537470U - Roller type soil cleaning mechanism for columnar rhizome crops

Info

Publication number: CN210537470U
Application number: CN201920904717.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王金武; 那明君; 周文琪
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-06-14
Filing date: 2019-06-14
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-14

Abstract

A roller type soil cleaning mechanism for columnar rhizome crops, belonging to agricultural machinery; a configuration roller type soil cleaning mechanism with an included angle is arranged between the lower part of the lifting and pulling conveyer belt assembly and the lifting and pulling conveyer belt assembly, the roller type soil cleaning mechanism comprises a transmission box body, a driving motor, a left soil cleaning roller assembly and a right soil cleaning roller assembly, the driving motor drives the left soil cleaning roller assembly and the right soil cleaning roller assembly to rotate in the same direction through the transmission box body, the left soil cleaning roller assembly and the right soil cleaning roller assembly are formed by assembling a guide cone, a jackscrew, a fixed plate, a soil cleaning rod, a soil cleaning rubber sleeve, a roller shaft and a locking plate, and the rotation radiuses of the three soil cleaning rods are different; the mechanism finishes the operation by adopting a mode of rolling and brushing soil from top to bottom aiming at the shape characteristics of columnar rhizome crops, and has the characteristics of novel, unique and reasonable structure, good operation quality, high efficiency, reliable use and strong adaptability.

Description

Roller type soil cleaning mechanism for columnar rhizome crops

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a soil cleaning mechanism in harvesting operation of columnar rhizome crops.

Background

The mechanized full-automatic harvesting process flow of the columnar rhizome crops such as carrots, white radishes, green radishes and the like comprises the following steps: loosening soil, lifting, transporting, clearing soil, aligning tassel cutting and collecting. Wherein the soil cleaning link is a soil cleaning process link for removing the soil adhered to the rhizome crops in the process of being pulled out from the field and then being conveyed to the collection box. At present, the soil cleaning device at home and abroad is generally that 3 to 4 rows of rubber shifting teeth are uniformly distributed on the circumference of a cantilever shaft, adjacent shifting teeth on the circumference are arranged in a staggered way, and the distance between the adjacent shifting teeth on the same row is slightly larger than the diameter of a material; one end of the cantilever shaft drives the shaft to rotate through a transmission mechanism, and soil cleaning can be completed when the rotating shifting finger is in contact with the materials. However, due to the defects of structural design, the soil cleaning structure can only perform soil cleaning treatment on the local part of the material, and the soil cleaning effect is poor; meanwhile, during operation, the rotary shifting fingers generate great disturbance to the materials, so that the materials in a motion state generate great swing, the motion state is unstable, and the decline of the soil cleaning effect is aggravated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and design a roller type soil cleaning mechanism for columnar rhizome crops with a new structure so as to achieve the purposes of good soil cleaning effect and high quality.

The invention aims to realize the aim that a configuration roller type soil cleaning mechanism with an included angle is arranged between the lower part of the longitudinal central line of the lifting and conveying belt assembly and the lifting and conveying belt assembly; the roller soil cleaning mechanism comprises a transmission box body, a driving motor, a left soil cleaning roller assembly and a right soil cleaning roller assembly, wherein the left soil cleaning roller assembly and the right soil cleaning roller assembly are parallel to each other and rotatably assembled on the transmission box body; the left soil cleaning roller assembly and the right soil cleaning roller assembly are structurally characterized in that: a guide cone is fixedly sleeved on the front end part of the roll shaft through a jackscrew, and the front side part and the rear side part of the middle part of the roll shaft are fixedly installed and fixed respectivelyThe device comprises a fixed plate and a locking plate, wherein three soil cleaning rods are uniformly distributed on the position between the fixed plate and the locking plate and are parallel to each other along the circumferential direction, and the radius dimension R of the axial lead of each soil cleaning rod from the axial lead of a roll shaft₁<R₂<R₃And soil cleaning rubber sleeves are respectively sleeved outside the three soil cleaning rods, so that the cylindrical rhizome crop roller type soil cleaning mechanism is formed.

The invention adopts a structure of two left soil cleaning roller assemblies and right soil cleaning roller assemblies which rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the two soil cleaning roller assemblies are arranged in parallel, the root of the columnar rhizome crops firstly enter between the two soil cleaning roller assemblies, and the soil cleaning work of the columnar rhizome crops from the top to the bottom is completed in the process of moving upwards after inclining along the roller axes; 3 elastic soil clearing rubber sleeves are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the left soil clearing roller assembly and the right soil clearing roller assembly, the three soil clearing rubber sleeves are in unequal radius configuration, low-amplitude vibration is generated on the columnar rhizome crops during rotation, so that the soil is cleared up more quickly, acting forces with equal magnitude and opposite directions are generated on two sides of the columnar rhizome crops by the left soil clearing roller assembly and the right soil clearing roller assembly which rotate in the same direction, and the movement stability of the columnar rhizome crops is ensured. The invention has the characteristics of novel, unique and reasonable structure, good operation quality, high efficiency, reliable use and strong adaptability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall arrangement of a roller soil cleaning mechanism for a cylindrical root crop;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a roller soil cleaning mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a soil cleaning roll configuration;

fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 4.

Description of part numbers in the figures:

1. the device comprises a lifting conveyer belt assembly, 2, a roller type soil cleaning mechanism, 2.1, a left soil cleaning roller assembly, 2.2, a transmission box body, 2.3, a driven sprocket, 2.4, a driving sprocket, 2.5, a duplex driving sprocket, 2.6, a driving motor, 2.7, a primary transmission chain, 2.8, a secondary transmission chain, 2.9, a right soil cleaning roller assembly, 3, a guide cone, 4, a jackscrew, 5, a fixing plate, 6, a soil cleaning rod, 7, a soil cleaning rubber sleeve, 8, a roller shaft, 9 and a locking plate.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the inventive embodiments is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. A roller type soil cleaning mechanism for columnar rhizome crops comprises a lifting conveyer belt assembly 1, and a configuration roller type soil cleaning mechanism 2 with an included angle is arranged between the lower part of the longitudinal central line of the lifting conveyer belt assembly 1 and the lifting conveyer belt assembly 1; the roller soil cleaning mechanism 2 comprises a transmission box body 2.2, a driving motor 2.6, a left soil cleaning roller assembly 2.1 and a right soil cleaning roller assembly 2.9, wherein the left soil cleaning roller assembly 2.1 and the right soil cleaning roller assembly 2.9 are parallel to each other and are rotatably assembled on the transmission box body 2.2, a duplex driving chain wheel 2.5 and a driven chain wheel 2.3 are fixedly arranged on the left soil cleaning roller assembly 2.1 and the right soil cleaning roller assembly 2.9 and positioned in the transmission box body 2.2 respectively, the driving motor 2.6 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of one side of the transmission box body 2.2, a driving chain wheel 2.4 is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the driving motor 2.6 and positioned in the transmission box body 2.2, a primary driving chain 2.7 is sleeved on the driving chain wheel 2.4 and the duplex driving chain wheel 2.5, and a secondary driving chain 2.8 is sleeved on the duplex driving chain wheel 2.5 and the driven chain wheel 2.3; the left soil cleaning roller assembly 2.1 and the right soil cleaning roller assembly 2.9 have the following structures: the front end part of the roll shaft 8 is fixedly sleeved with a guide cone 3 through a jackscrew 4, a fixing plate 5 and a locking plate 9 are fixedly arranged on the front side part and the rear side part of the middle part of the roll shaft 8 respectively, three soil cleaning rods 6 are uniformly arranged on the part between the fixing plate 5 and the locking plate 9 and parallel to each other along the circumferential direction, and the radius dimension R of the axial line of each soil cleaning rod 6 from the axial line of the roll shaft 8 is₁<R₂<R₃Soil cleaning rubber sleeves 7 are respectively sleeved on the outer parts of the three soil cleaning rods 6.

During operation, when the tassel leaf of the columnar rootstock crops is clamped by the lifting conveyer belt assembly 1 to move the columnar rootstock crops (including carrots, white radishes, green radishes and the like) to the backward side and obliquely upward, the columnar rootstock crops enter the space between the left soil cleaning roller assembly 2.1 and the right soil cleaning roller assembly 2.9 with the same rotation direction under the action of the guide cone 3, the soil on the crops is cleaned by the soil cleaning rubber sleeve 7 on the outer part of the rotary soil cleaning rod 6, and the crops gradually move from low to high in the forward and backward conveying process, so that the soil cleaning rubber sleeve 7 can clean the crops from top to bottom. The three soil cleaning rubber sleeves 7 have different turning radiuses, and generate vibration when combing and removing soil from crops, so that the soil cleaning capability is enhanced. The left soil cleaning roller assembly 2.1 and the right soil cleaning roller assembly 2.9 which have the same rotation direction enable two sides of crops to generate acting forces with the same magnitude and opposite directions when soil is cleaned, and the running stability of the crops when the soil is cleaned is guaranteed, so that the soil cleaning effect is guaranteed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a clear native mechanism of column rhizome class crops roll-type, includes and promotes conveyer belt assembly (1), its characterized in that: a roller-type soil cleaning mechanism (2) with an included angle is arranged between the lower part of the longitudinal central line of the lifting and conveying belt assembly (1) and the lifting and conveying belt assembly (1); the roller soil cleaning mechanism (2) comprises a transmission case body (2.2), a driving motor (2.6), a left soil cleaning roller assembly (2.1) and a right soil cleaning roller assembly (2.9), the left soil cleaning roller assembly (2.1) and the right soil cleaning roller assembly (2.9) are mutually parallel and rotatably assembled on the transmission case body (2.2), a duplex driving chain wheel (2.5) and a driven chain wheel (2.3) are respectively fixedly arranged on the left soil cleaning roller assembly (2.1) and the right soil cleaning roller assembly (2.9) and positioned in the box body of the transmission box body (2.2), a driving motor (2.6) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of one side of the transmission box body (2.2), a driving chain wheel (2.4) is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the driving motor (2.6) and positioned in the transmission box body (2.2), a primary driving chain (2.7) is sleeved on the driving chain wheel (2.4) and the duplex driving chain wheel (2.5), and a secondary driving chain (2.8) is sleeved on the duplex driving chain wheel (2.5) and the driven chain wheel (2.3); the left soil cleaning roller assembly (2.1) and the right soil cleaning roller assembly (2.9) are structurally characterized in that: the guide cone (3) is fixedly sleeved on the front end part of the roller shaft (8) through a jackscrew (4), a fixing plate (5) and a locking plate (9) are fixedly arranged on the front side part and the rear side part of the middle part of the roller shaft (8) respectively, three soil cleaning rods (6) are uniformly arranged on the positions between the fixing plate (5) and the locking plate (9) and are parallel to each other along the circumferential direction, and the radial dimension R of the axial lead of the three soil cleaning rods (6) from the axial lead of the roller shaft (8) is equal to the radial dimension R₁<R₂<R₃Soil cleaning rubber sleeves (7) are respectively sleeved on the outer parts of the three soil cleaning rods (6).